motivational techniques

as business studies

aims and objectives

Aim:• Understand motivational techniquesObjectives:• Define empowerment• Analyse the effectiveness of empowerment

and delegation in different organisational structures.

motivational techniques

• Methods of increasing motivation of the workforce

• the office - motivation

Delegation and Empowerment

Define empowerment.

Empowerment: giving employees the power to do their job: trusting them, giving them the authority to make decisions and encouraging feedback from them.

Org Structure Encouraging Delegation and Empowerment

Entrepreneur

Employees

Employees

Employees

Employees

Employees

Employees

• Lines of communication two way

• Employees can contribute to decision making

• Financial and non-financial methods available

• Encourages empowerment

Functional Structures

Entrepreneur

HR Manager Finance Manager

Marketing Manager

Operations Manager

• All types of motivation available

• May not encourage empowerment especially if the business generates more layers as it expands.

• Narrow spans of control and long lines of communication do not encourage delegation

Divisional Structures

Managing Director

Head of Product A

Head of Product B

Head of Product C

Head of Product D

• By organising firm into divisions it is possible to empower more employees having a positive impact on motivation.

• All employees from each function make a decision about their product.

• Employees feel a strong sense of belonging and ownership to team.• Financial methods: profit sharing, fringe benefits – want to reward the

group not the individual• Non financial: job enlargement and job enrichment

Structure By Customer Type

Entrepreneur

Customer Type A

Customer Type B

Customer Type C

Customer Type D

• Organised into different types of customer eg. local, national etc.

• Emphasis on team sharing responsibility and specialist skills can be developed to suit customer needs.

• Financial motives can be used but must not be divisive, causing team members to compete against each other.

• Employees can be empowered through job enrichment

Empowerment

In groups decide on the advantages and disadvantages of empowerment.

EmpowermentAdvantages• Enhances motivation• Increases employee

commitment• Reduces labour turnover• Reduces absenteeism• Increases morale• Frees up time for

management to focus on decision making

Disadvantages• Employees may need to be

trained, costing money• Employees may not be as

effective once empowered.• Role of managers becomes

less clear which can lead to conflict and motivational problems.

Must be a balance between the role of the individual employee and a more traditional managerial approach to running a business.

Works better in a flat structure with wide span of control.