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motivational techniques
as business studies
aims and objectives
Aim:• Understand motivational techniquesObjectives:• Define empowerment• Analyse the effectiveness of empowerment
and delegation in different organisational structures.
motivational techniques
• Methods of increasing motivation of the workforce
• the office - motivation
Delegation and Empowerment
Define empowerment.
Empowerment: giving employees the power to do their job: trusting them, giving them the authority to make decisions and encouraging feedback from them.
Org Structure Encouraging Delegation and Empowerment
Entrepreneur
Employees
Employees
Employees
Employees
Employees
Employees
• Lines of communication two way
• Employees can contribute to decision making
• Financial and non-financial methods available
• Encourages empowerment
Functional Structures
Entrepreneur
HR Manager Finance Manager
Marketing Manager
Operations Manager
• All types of motivation available
• May not encourage empowerment especially if the business generates more layers as it expands.
• Narrow spans of control and long lines of communication do not encourage delegation
Divisional Structures
Managing Director
Head of Product A
Head of Product B
Head of Product C
Head of Product D
• By organising firm into divisions it is possible to empower more employees having a positive impact on motivation.
• All employees from each function make a decision about their product.
• Employees feel a strong sense of belonging and ownership to team.• Financial methods: profit sharing, fringe benefits – want to reward the
group not the individual• Non financial: job enlargement and job enrichment
Structure By Customer Type
Entrepreneur
Customer Type A
Customer Type B
Customer Type C
Customer Type D
• Organised into different types of customer eg. local, national etc.
• Emphasis on team sharing responsibility and specialist skills can be developed to suit customer needs.
• Financial motives can be used but must not be divisive, causing team members to compete against each other.
• Employees can be empowered through job enrichment
Empowerment
In groups decide on the advantages and disadvantages of empowerment.
EmpowermentAdvantages• Enhances motivation• Increases employee
commitment• Reduces labour turnover• Reduces absenteeism• Increases morale• Frees up time for
management to focus on decision making
Disadvantages• Employees may need to be
trained, costing money• Employees may not be as
effective once empowered.• Role of managers becomes
less clear which can lead to conflict and motivational problems.
Must be a balance between the role of the individual employee and a more traditional managerial approach to running a business.
Works better in a flat structure with wide span of control.