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OOBacteria with mutation causing resistance
Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Changes to groups, not individuals.
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Applyantibiotic
XXX
XX X XXXX
Kills most bacteria.Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant.
Continues to replicate
Population of resistant bacteria
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance
Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Changes to groups, not individuals.
Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce. These changes are based on how the DNA changes and who reproduces.
Who evolves?…Species.
•A population that can produce fertile offspring
•A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
A. harrisi A. leucurus
SeeSection
26.1
Who evolves?…Species.
•A population that can produce fertile offspring
•A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
A. harrisi A. leucurus
SeeSection
26.1
Natural Selection:Individuals that are most
successful at reproducing will pass on more of their genetic
information.
Natural Selection can only occur when both of these conditions are met:
•Genetic diversity gives rise to individuals with different traits
and•Not all individuals can reproduce
Fig 24.10
Wild member of Brassica oleracea: small side buds
Brussels sprouts: extremely large side buds
Artificial selection
Nu
mb
er o
f In
div
idu
als
Size of buds (cm)
0 1 2 3
1. Select individuals that have the largestside buds and breed them.
2. Of the offspring, select individuals that have the largest sidebuds and breed them.
3. Of the offspring,select individuals that have the largest sidebuds and breed them.
4. After severalgenerations, bud sizeincreases dramatically.
Fig 1.3
Wild Brassica oleracea: small side buds
Brussels sprouts: extremely large side buds
Artificial selection
Nu
mb
er o
f In
div
idu
als
Size of buds (cm)
0 1 2 3
1. Select individuals that have the largestside buds and breed them.
2. Of the offspring, select individuals that have the largest sidebuds and breed them.
3. Of the offspring,select individuals that have the largest sidebuds and breed them.
4. After severalgenerations, bud sizeincreases dramatically.
Selection only works if there is variability in the
population
Evolution:A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce due to…
•Non-random changes (natural selection)•Random changes (genetic drift/bottleneck)
•Mutations add new alleles or genes