Montana Officials Association...b) Jewelry, except a wedding band/ring, a watch if necessary or a medical alert bracelet, shall not be worn while officials are working. MOA Volleyball

Montana Officials Association MHSA 1 South Dakota Avenue Helena, MT 59601 406-442-6010 Fax 406-442-8250

July 2015

TO: MOA VOLLEYBALL OFFICIALS

FROM: KIP RYAN, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

RE: VOLLEYBALL STUDY CLUBS

This packet contains the six study clubs that will help you prepare for the 2015-2016 season. Below is the study club regulation as it appears in the MOA Handbook: “If an MOA member’s employment prevents him/her from attending study clubs, the official may receive credit for attendance if he/she complies as follows:

1. Makes prior arrangements with the Regional Director or head of the pool. 2. Completes the study club outlines and presents them to the Regional Director or head of the

pool in advance of the meeting he/she will miss.

3. Exceptions will be made for certain military actions or other extenuating circumstances.”

4. An official whose employment requires him/her to be away from home during the week may

attend study clubs at an alternate pool location if he/she receives permission from the regional

director(s) and the MOA Commissioner.

Part of study club #4, is the NFHS 2015-16 Volleyball Exam Part I, which will help as a more thorough review of the rules. Those unable to attend this study club are asked to complete the exam and send it to their pool coordinator who will score it and return it. We sincerely hope that these study clubs are a challenging tool that you will use in your best interest and the best interest of the coaches and players. Remember to give the finished study clubs to your Regional

Director before December 1, 2015, so he/she can complete your evaluation. Do not send your study

clubs to the MHSA office. If they are not evaluated and approved by your regional director on time, you could lose your rating. Please contact us if you have any ideas to improve the format or content of these study clubs. As another year is set to begin we wish you the best in your officiating endeavors, and we appreciate the work that you do for Montana’s youth activities. SM/tls Enclosures

MONTANA OFFICIALS ASSOCIATION

VOLLEYBALL STUDY CLUB OUTLINES

2015-2016

LESSON #1 NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB__________________________________________ DATE________________________________

Preferably use before the season’s first match.

I. Review the August’s Official Word and the MOA Handbook. II. Discuss any issues/concerns/ideas prompted by August’s MOA/MHSA Rules’ Clinic.

III. Review the new (italicized) areas of the MOA Handbook. Be aware of major revisions in your sport(s) that affect you.

IV. MOA Handbook Changes and reminders for 2015-16 are as follows:

1. Mileage has increased from 56 cents per mile last year to 57.5 cents per mile this year.

Per diem for each official, remains at 12 cents per mile. So, the driver, for a regular season match, would receive 69.5 cents per mile while the rider official would receive 12 cents per mile.

2. The per diem allowance for invitational/regular season tournaments is $0.12 per mile or $20 per day, whichever is greater, if the official does not stay overnight, and $30 per day if the official does stay overnight.

4. No warm up activities will be allowed in the vicinity of the main playing floor at any time while any volleyball match is in progress. Invitational and dual tournaments would be excluded from this rule. Clarification: If there are two volleyball matches being played in the same gym on two separate floors at the same time, followed by two more matches played in that gym on two separate floors at the same time, the above MHSA volleyball rule would not apply in this situation. The matches would be treated like invitational and dual tournaments and excluded from this MHSA volleyball warm-up rule. This will facilitate matches staying on the time schedule. Violations of this MHSA rule should be reported to the MHSA office.

5. For all 2015 MHSA Volleyball post season play, the Baden Lexum Comp VX450c-210

red/white/navy blue microfiber composite volleyball will be used for all post season

play. For regular season play, a solid white volleyball may be used. If a colored volleyball is used for regular season play, it can only be a red/white/navy blue colored volleyball. For both post season and regular season play, any volleyball used for all levels of play shall include the NFHS authenticating mark. Please share this information with other appropriate volleyball personnel

V. The MHSA Executive Board and/or the MOA Regional Directors have approved the following amendments, replacements and additions for the 2015 volleyball season:

Approved to allow MOA volleyball officials to either wear the short sleeved or long sleeved

white polo shirt with no requirement for all officials to wear the same shirt for the 2015

MHSA Volleyball Season. All MOA volleyball officials shall wear solid black pants,

predominately black colored athletic shoes, but the shoes may have some clear or grey trim or deviate slightly from solid all black and whenever possible, any different color must be dyed or colored over with black, and black socks. All officials must wear an MOA patch or they may have an embroidered patch as long as the embroidered patch is the same style font and size as the MOA patch and has black lettering with a white background on the left breast of the officials’ uniform. a) An American flag, if worn, will be on the left shoulder. b) Jewelry, except a wedding band/ring, a watch if necessary or a medical alert bracelet,

shall not be worn while officials are working.

MOA Volleyball Officials who are acting as line judges will be allowed the option of

wearing a black coat and/or an all white long sleeved collared polo shirt or an all white

short sleeved collared polo shirt. If officials that line judge wear a black jacket, both

officials that line judge must wear the black jacket.

Approved that starting in the 2016-17 volleyball season, the standard jacket for volleyball will be: A standard jacket, solid black with rib knit cuffs and collar, full zip or button up, unadorned (except for MOA service pins), is allowed.

Protocol for R2 In Deciding Set, End Of Match: To help avoid confirmations with coaches/players/fans after a match, the following procedure will be used by the referees leaving the court: after the last point of the deciding set, the R2 will visually confirm the final score (shown on the scoresheet/scoreboard) with a nod to the scorer, then the R2 walks to the R1, and the referees (and line judges) will leave the floor together. The jurisdiction of the referees is terminated and the final match score has been approved when the R1 and R2 leave the visual confines of the playing area and no change of the score shall be allowed thereafter. This procedural change will no longer require the R1 and R2 to verify the deciding match score by initialing the scoresheet. It is recommended that the R1 and R2 sign the scoresheet before the start of the match.

The MOA Regional Directors approved allowing the Six Person Volleyball Officials Rotation that was used at last year’s 2014 State All Class Volleyball Tournament, to be used at all 2015 Post Season Volleyball Tournaments that have an 8 team, 3-day, 6 match format on the first two days and two or three matches on the third day. This official’s rotation format can be used at all 2015 Post Season Tournaments (District and Divisional) that have the above tournament format.

Reminders:

The volleyball prematch conference (with the head coaches and captains) and coin toss will occur when the twenty (20) minute warm-up countdown reaches minute sixteen (16).

For post season volleyball play, volleyball teams will not be allowed on the playing floor, with volleyballs, until 30 minutes before the start time of the match.

Pink whistles may be used by officials at contests designated as breast cancer awareness events. Any other uniform modifications for the purpose of supporting a charitable fundraising event must be approved in advance by the MOA Commissioner.

For consistency purposes, as a State, we will continue to have the line judge move

back and in line with the left sideline just like we have been doing for years. The only

time the first referee may direct the line judge to move to be in line with the endline is if

the serving coach complains that the line judge is interfering with the server. See NFHS Volleyball Rule 5-9-2a NOTE:

During matches, some fans become unruly and school administrators need to be made aware of the potential problem so they can handle it. Officials should not address or visit with fans during a volleyball contest or remove a fan. The “role” of the official is to fairly administer the rules of the match by communicating what they observe using the proper NFHS Volleyball signals. At times fans will disagree with “the call” of an official, when the fan comments become inappropriate the official should notify school administration so they can deal with the fan. If this can be done during a time out or between quarters it is less disruptive to the match, but if it needs to be dealt with right away, the official should stop the match and go to game

management for assistance. If officials don’t know where game management is they should go to the scorers’ table and ask them to assist in finding a school administrator.

The R1 and the R2 should use all the tools at their disposal. The R1 should not make a call before they look at the R2 or the line judges. Referees just need to slow down and not be in a hurry to make the call and use all the other officials working with them.

Officials utilizing lodging accommodations provided by the tournament manager may be provided a single room when feasible and at the discretion of the tournament manager.

The R2 is not allowed to use a electronic device at any time before and during a match.

NFHS Volleyball Rule 4-2, Legal Uniform, does not prohibit the wearing of an arm sleeve or

an arm guard which has padding for the elbows.

Here is an example of the arm guard style.

This is not considered a part of the uniform and is similar to a player wearing a kneepad. In

2016, when the solid colored uniform is required, the sleeve or arm guard should be the same

color as the non-solid colored uniform. This will be discussed at this year’s NFHS Volleyball

Rules Committee meeting regarding color.

Concussion: Officials’ Responsibilities:

THE MHSA/MOA WILL REQUIRE EACH OFFICIAL TO TAKE THE “NFHS CONCUSSION

IN SPORTS – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW” COURSE EACH YEAR. THAT COURSE

MUST BE TAKEN AFTER JUNE 1ST

FOR THE SUBSEQUENT SCHOOL YEAR AND MUST

BE COMPLETED BEFORE OFFICIATING SCRIMMAGES OR CONTESTS. ALSO, Officials are asked to use their best judgment in observing the signs, symptoms and behaviors of a concussion and other possible serious injuries. If there is a player that exhibits signs and symptoms of an injury, officials will make coaches aware of the injured player and call an injury time out. The official should notify the coach by making the following statement:

“Coach, you need to take a look at this player; he/she is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an injury.”

Once the official notifies the coach, it is now the coach’s responsibility. The official does not

need written permission for an athlete to return to play nor does the official need to verify the

credentials of the appropriate health-care professional. THE YOUTH CANNOT RETURN TO

PLAY UNTIL THEY ARE EVALUATED BY A LICENSED HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL

AND RECEIVES WRITTEN CLEARANCE TO RETURN TO PLAY FROM THE LICENSED

HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL.

VI. Review the following information related to the new rule changes listed in the 2015

NFHS Volleyball Preseason Guide which was included in your volleyball packet:

(Please review the plays and rulings for each rule change area if they are provided)

Unnecessary Delay Penalty Adjusted – page 1

Subs Enter After Time-Out – page 2

Crackdown on Incorrect Lineup Cards – page 3

Further information about rule changes can be found on page 52-53 of the 2015 NFHS

Volleyball Rules Book.

VII. The following are proposed NFHS rule changes for 2016:

1. The waistbands on shorts doesn’t have to be like colored for all players. 2. The R2 should have more responsibility to call back row attacks.

Please discuss these proposed rule changes as a pool and report your pool’s thoughts to Kip Ryan ([email protected] or 442-6010)

VIII. Match Format – please review the following match formats adopted for the 2015-16 volleyball season:

Varsity (regular season) Best 3 out of 5 sets to 25 points with no cap (you must win by two points) 5

th and deciding set to 15 points with no cap (you must win by two points)

Two time-outs per set Let serve will be utilized Libero player can be utilized and may serve in one position in the serving order

Sub-varsity (regular season) Best 3 out of 5 sets – sets 1 and 2 to 25 points cap at 30 points – sets 3, 4 and 5 to 15 points cap at 20 points Two time-outs for sets 1 and 2 – One time-out for sets 3, 4 and 5. Let serve will be utilized Libero player can be utilized and may serve in one position in the serving order

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL

DIRECTOR BY DECEMBER 1, 2015.

mailto:[email protected]



2015-2016

LESSON #2 NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB__________________________________________ DATE________________________________

I. Clarifications:

Assistant Coaches Standing Limitations (Rule 12-2-5) – Only head coaches are allowed to stand during the match. Assistant coaches are not allowed to stand during play. Assistant coaches shall remain seated on the bench during a set except to: a. Ask the second referee, during a dead-ball situation, to review the accuracy of the score,

verify the number of time-outs used, the serving order of his/her team, or to verify the proper server for the opponent;

b. Stand at the bench to greet a replaced player; c. Confer with players during time-outs; d. Spontaneously react to an outstanding play by a member(s) of their own team; e. Attend an injured player with permission of a referee.

Headbands & Hair Devices - Adornment And Manufacturer Logos - Rule 4-1-5 permits hair devices made of soft material that are no more than 2 inches wide. Bobby pins, flat clips, and flat barrettes, which are unadorned and no longer than two inches, are also allowed. Please note that the unadorned requirement specifically applies to bobby pins, flat clips, and flat barrettes. As such, headbands may have adornment such as a school logo, a team name, player's name, etc. Headbands, hair devices, and hair ribbons may be any color or multicolored. A bandana may be worn as a head band IF it is worn folded so it is only 2 inches wide. Headbands and hair devices are also excluded from Rule 4-2-9, which governs manufacturer's logos/trademarks/references. As such, headbands and hair devices may have multiple manufacturer's logos, trademarks, or references. The volleyball rules are more liberal in this area than in other sports, such as basketball, which has much more restrictive adornment and manufacturer logo rules. A number of questions always arise regarding sequins, glitter, etc. on headbands. As long as the sequins are not hard and unyielding they're legal. As long as the glitter does not flake off, it's legal. If you're in doubt about the glitter, an easy way to check this is to have the player in question take her headband off and rub the glitter portion in front of you. If nothing comes off, you shouldn't have a problem. Keep in mind that glitter is never allowed to be worn as make-up or other decoration. If you're in doubt about the sequins, ask the player to take her headband off and hand it to you. If the sequins are not hard and unyielding - no problem. The vast majority of glitter and sequin headbands out there are legal.

Player Equipment & Accessories - Rule 4-1-1 states that a guard, cast, or brace made of hard and unyielding leather, plaster, pliable (soft) plastic, metal, or any other hard substance shall not be worn on the hand, finger, wrist, or forearm, even thought covered with soft padding. Please keep this in mind, as questions often arise in this area, especially regarding finger splints. Rule 4-1-2 permits hard and unyielding items (guards, casts, braces, etc.) to be worn on the elbow, upper arm, or shoulder as long as the items are padded with a closed-cell, slow-recovery foam padding no less than 1/2-inch thick. An elbow brace shall not extend more than halfway down the forearm.

A question arose last year about a player wearing a sweatband or multiple layers of sweatbands on her forearm. This is LEGAL. Nothing in the rules prevents a player from wearing soft, moisture-absorbing sweatbands on her forearm. Lance Armstrong bracelets, rubber bands, etc. are not moisture-absorbing and are therefore considered jewelry. Please try to rectify any headband, hair device, jewelry, etc. situations prior to the beginning of the match if you see them. Tell the coach, and have him/her address the situation with the player(s). This also serves as a warning to the coach for illegal equipment. If first discovered during the match, it is unnecessary delay. The player also must be removed unless the illegal items can be immediately removed or made legal. For a subsequent violation by the same team, a loss of rally/point shall be awarded to the opponent, and the player must be removed unless the illegal items can be immediately removed or made legal.

Earrings, Nose Rings, Tongue Rings, Etc. - Bottom line, if you can see it - even if only for a second - it's illegal. If you're observing warm-ups and it is obvious that jewelry is present, the player must remove it. A player obviously cannot enter a match with jewelry. Referees need not look under tape to see if there is jewelry, as the head coach will verify in the pre-match meeting that his/her team's players are legal in reference to the equipment and uniform rules. Players also may not use a plug, string, spacer, straw, retainer, etc. in leu of the actual ring, as the plug, string, spacer, etc. is also considered jewelry.

Libero RepIacement Zone Defined: The NFHS Volleyball Rules Committee created Rule 2-1-8 to define the libero replacement zone as the area near the sideline between the attack line and the end line. The libero replacement zone is a specific area on the floor similar to the substitution zone defined in Rule 2-1-7. Play: A libero enters the substitution zone for a replacement. The second referee allows the replacement. Ruling: Illegal replacement. To be legal, all replacements shall take place in the libero replacement zone, the area near the sideline and between the attack line extended and the end line in front of the team’s bench.

Substitution Procedure: Rule 10-2 outlines proper substitution procedure. The procedure for multiple substituions was changed a few years ago to "substitution in succession." In other words, if more than one substitution is to be made, the substitutions shall be made in succession, one pair of players (substitute and outgoing player) after another, such that only one substitute is in the substitution zone at a time. Additionally, when more than one substitution is requested, the incoming substitutes must be ready to enter the substitution zone once the preceding substitute has been released to the court. Some officials are getting lax in enforcing this procedure, and we need to tighten it up a bit. Penalty is unnecessary delay.

Playable/nonplayable Areas: Rule 2-1-9 defines the playable area as the court and the unobstructed space outside of the court boundary lines. The playable area outside of the court boundary lines shall be visible to all team members and officials. Rule 2-1-10 defines the nonplayable area as that space located beyond the court and surrounding playable area. It includes walls, bleachers, team benches, area behind team benches, and any other areas identified in the pre-match conference, deemed by the first referee as unsuitable for playable area. Confusion remains as to how to play the area between the scorer's table and the team benches. When the team benches are in the bleachers, this area is obviously unplayable. However, when the team benches are actual benches or chairs on the floor, and the scorer's table is set between them, the area between the team benches and scorer's table is PLAYABLE unless the first referee determined at the prematch conference that the area was unsuitable for playable area (not enough space, dangerous, etc.). Also, remember that a player may play a ball over a nonplayable area if the player has a body part in contact with a playable area at the time the ball is contacted, and she may enter the nonplayable area after playing the ball. Keep in mind that a player still may not gain an illegal advantage by contacting a team bench, scorer's table, bleachers, wall, etc. Additionally, remember that when matches are being played on adjacent courts, no player or ball may enter or break the plane of the adjacent court before, during, or after playing the ball.

II. Overlap, Alignment Challenges by Brian Hemelgam (Referee Magazine September 2013) Recognizing overlaps and alignments tends to be one of the biggest challenges for second referees. Receiving teams use myriad serve reception patterns to put the best passers in position to receive the serve, to get the setter closer to the target position (usually near right front) to run the offense or to move their best hitters into position for a quick attack. NFHS rules allow the second referee to use a lineup card as a tool for tracking player positions. But even with a lineup card, it can be a challenge, constantly requiring the second referee to look at the card, track servers, identify the front- and back-row players, and to determine if everyone isin legal alignment. For the R2 to track player alignments, it ultimately boils down to one thing: the position of the player’s foot/feet at the moment the ball is hit for service. In the MechaniGram, the back-row players –left back (LB), center back (CB) and right back (RB) – are in good position. Left front is also set. But center front (CF) and right front (RF) are in a position that causes second referees concern and confusion. The culprit: the left foot of the RF player. From the R2’s position, it may appear that the RF player’s left foot is even with the CF player’s left foot. Even if that is the case, that is not a concern for the R2. In fact, the RF player’s left foot can be closer to the left sideline than the CF player! The only issue is that the RF player has at least one part of one foot closer to the right sideline than the corresponding front-row player (CF). That requirement has been met, and no fault has been committed (NFHS 6-4-3b). Front-row players must have a portion of at least one foot closer to the center line than their corresponding back-row teammate (LF-LB, CF-CB, RF-RB). Right-side players must have at least one part of one foot closer to the right sideline than their adjacent teammate (RF-CF, RB-CB), and left-side players must meet the same requirement with respect to the left sideline (LF-CF, LB-CB). The rules don’t require that the back-row players be closer to the endline than the corresponding front-row player.

III. Please review and discuss the below information found in the 2015 NFHS Volleyball Preseason

Guide:

Unnecessary Delay, Use of Administrative Cards – page 4

Solid-Colored Uniform Top in 2016 – page 6

Preventive Officiating – page 7

Fingertip Attack – page 8

Overlaps: Preventive vs Punitive – page 9





2015-16

LESSON #3

NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB__________________________________________ DATE________________________________

I. General MOA Information and NFHS Rues for discussion by your pool:

1. The MHSA considers sports bras foundation garments. As such, they are not subject to

the undergarment rule of being a single color similar to the predominant color of the uniform top.

2. Rule 4-2-1c requires all players on a team to wear the uniform as intended by the manufacturer. The MHSA interpretation is that volleyball players, who roll the waistband

down (not in excess) or tuck the jersey straps under the sports bra are not examples of things that violate NFHS Volleyball Rule 4-2-1c. Another exception is that Velcro straps may be used to shorten the sleeve length.

3. Rule 4-2-7 states that removal of any part of the uniform (shirt, shorts) in the playing area is unsporting conduct. This includes, after warm-ups, players going to their bench and removing their warm-up shirts to change into their uniform tops. Preventive officiating, with a warning to the coach, should be used to help stop this kind of behavior. (acceptable areas to change uniforms are--locker rooms & restrooms)

4. The use of flags by the line judges during regular season or post season play is prohibited by MHSA guidelines.

5. The lineups shall not be made available to anyone except the official scorer and official libero tracker until they have been recorded on the scoresheet, the deadline has passed and the lineups cannot be changed. At this time, the visiting team may record this same information at the officials’ table.

6. Starting the Match: The second referee moves to the sideline beside the court and uses their lineup card or the coach’s lineup sheet, not the score sheet, to verify that the players are in their proper positions on the court. The second referee checks the receiving team’s lineup first, signals the libero (if used) to enter the court and indicates the floor captain to the first referee by using an open hand to designate that player. The captain shall respond by raising his/her arm toward the first referee. The second referee then follows the same procedure for the serving team.

7. Official’s Court Protocol to be used for 2015 Regular Season Dual Matches: Pre-match Ceremonies including introductions and the national anthem.

a. Following the timed warm ups, the R1 and R2 (and line judges if they want to be

there) are at the score table for the National Anthem and player introductions.

b. After the introductions, the R1 moves to the referee’s platform and the line judges move to their positions.

c. The R1 takes a position on the referee’s platform and checks to see that the line judges and the R2 are in position. The R1 blows the whistle to direct the starting players to their respective end lines, if they are not there already.

d. When all officials are ready, the R1 blows a second whistle and signals the players onto the playing court to shake hands prior to the match; this is done at the net when the teams report onto the court.

e. The R2 moves to the sideline beside the court and checks the receiving team’s lineup first, signals the libero (if used) to enter the court and indicate, with an open hand, the floor captain to the R1. The floor captain shall respond by raising her arm toward the R1. The R2 follows the same procedure for the serving team.

f. The R2 then takes the ball from the score table and rolls it to the serving team.

g. Match begins.

8. The mechanics and protocol for end of the set before a deciding set are more fully described. The first referee shall: a. Whistle, signal a point to the appropriate team and signal the fault. b. Whistle, signal the end of the set (signal #23) and using open hands facing the

court, direct the teams to their respective benches. c. Remain on the referee’s stand while the second referee calls the captains to the

officials table for the coin toss. d. Following the coin toss, receive signals from the second referee as to which team

will serve and whether the teams will remain at their bench or will switch courts, whistle and signal for the teams to change courts or remain at their bench.

The second referee shall: i. Double whistle and signal holding a coin above head to call the captains to the

officials table to conduct the coin toss, home team captain calling the toss. ii. Indicate to the first referee with an open hand and arm extended which team has

the serve. iii. Signal to the first referee that the teams shall change courts or remain at their

current benches. iv. Upon the first referee’s signal for teams to go to their benches, instruct the timer

to start three minutes on the clock. v. Give the results of the coin toss to the scorer. vi. Collect the lineup sheets from the coaches no later than two minutes following the

set.

II. Setting Ground Rules by Rick Brown (Referee Magazine November 2014) "Do no harm" is a credo that applies to everything we do as officials, but referees sometimes overlook the importance of focusing on safety when establishing ground rules. Courtside, referees should assess the venue, conferring on what to include/ exclude as playable areas. Here are some decision points for referees when setting ground rules that incorporate safety and fair play concerns: • Look for court height and surface changes in the free zone, especially with elevated or portable court surfaces. Are carpet runners placed in front of team benches? When there is a change in surface in the free zone (hardwood to concrete, for example), or a change greater than one-half inch between the primary playing surface and surrounding secondary surfaces, ground-rule decisions must be made that are fair and honor play without compromising safety. • Ensure the "gym class equipment" or a large fan in the corner of the gym, as well as walkways for spectators, are included as non-playable areas. • Do serving areas meet the two meter depth requirement and, if not, may court tape be placed inside the court to create that required space? Does the free zone around the court meet space requirements? • Are there extraneous court markings that need to be addressed to minimize participant confusion, and are all required lines present and complete? • Are there adjacent courts in play, movable walls (divider nets) or immovable walls less than two meters from the court? Remember, adjacent courts may share some of the same free zone areas, and the ground rules for each court may differ, depending on court setups. Captains and coaches should be informed of circumstances that may result in a replay or may result in the ball being ruled out. • Vertical backboards and their support structures must be addressed, as well as low overhead obstructions above playable areas. Determine which portion, if any, will be considered as playable overhead obstruction, and which may require judgment replay decisions. • Are there areas between sets of bleachers that require a ruling? What about space between the score table and team benches? When the table is set far back from the court (as opposed to being aligned with the front of the benches), there may be a wide opening between benches that

is often a playable area. Are there alcoves or similar areas that must be addressed? Remember, all playable areas should be viewable by participants. Referees should remind teams that a player must have a body part touching the playable surface when contacting a ball that has entered a non-playable area. That is why clarifying non-playable areas is so important for referees. All referees who will officiate on that court and/ or adjacent courts should agree on consistent ground rules that maximize play while minimizing safety risks and player-spectator contact.

III. Questions and Answers:

Q: Can a player replace a piece of jewelry with a string i.e (nose ring, ear ring). A. No, Rule 4-1-4 - safety concern & Rule 4-1-6 jewelry shall not be worn (we do not rule on what is considered fashionable and a string will be considered jewelry as it is not defined as legal equipment allowed to be worn by a player participating in a set). Q: Server A1 is standing in a non-playable area holding the volleyball ready to serve and waiting for the whistle for serve. Is this legal? A: Yes, Rule 8-1-2: A player may start in a non-playable as long as the server's foot touches the floor inside the defined serving area prior to contacting the serve and is not touching the floor outside the serving area at the moment of contact with the ball. Rule 6-4-3 all players except the server shall not be touching the floor outside the boundaries of the court area at the moment of serve Q: Coach of Team S submits their line-up at the 2 minute mark with the Libero designated as #7 but wanted Libero #9 A: Rule 7-1-2, 10-4-3a: Team S must play with Libero #7 unless Libero #7 is injured or becomes ill and then the coach may replace the Libero #7 with a new Libero NOTE: Even though Rule 10-4-3a does not talk about athe libero becoming ill before the match, the rule book has been synonymous over the years in regards to players that are injured or ill and how the situations are handled. NOTE: Rule 7-1-2 only defines substitutions prior to the start of the match, but not a redesignation of a starter, or redesignation of the libero for the set. Q: There is a discrepancy in the score and the assistant coach for team A requests the R2 to verify the accuracy of the score. The R2 calls an official’s time-out. Team A stays on the floor and the coach walks up to the sideline to confer with their players. Team B goes to their bench to take a drink of water and confer with their coach. A: Rule 11-2-4: Both teams actions are legal, during an official’s or team time-out the teams may confer with their coaches only on their court or their team bench area. NOTE: Anytime an official must suspend play with an official’s time-out to handle one of many numerous situations that are not directly related to the play (scorekeeping error, administrative need or spectator control, etc.) teams may confer at their benches and need not stay on the floor.

Q: Player A1 attempts to enter a set wearing silicone ear and nose plugs A: Rule 4-1-6: Illegal, Silicone plugs are considered jewelry and must be removed prior to warm-ups and/or competition

Q: Player A1 attempts to enter a set with Cochlear implants A: Rule 4-1: All types of hearing aids and Cochlear implants are no more dangerous than eye glasses and are acceptable and need not be taken out or covered/padded. Hearing aids do not create an unsafe playing environment. Translators for the hearing impaired may stand in the replacement zone during a dead ball, sit on the team bench or stand behind the team bench at all times to translate for the hearing impaired player on the floor, translators staying near the coach so that they can hear what the coach is saying to translate for the hearing impaired participant is not unsporting or unethical behavior. Players with diabetic pumps may compete at all levels. All equipment used in the playable area may present a risk-management concern and may need to

be padded. Comment: Each state association must rule on its own special-needs participants. The MHSA states that during all matches the focus should be to reasonably accommodate special needs players and their disability. If unsure as to the legality of a special needs player, schools should contact the MHSA for a letter of approval on participation. Remember, schools, coaches and officials are there to provide as many positive opportunities to players as possible!

Q: The ball deflects off A1’s block and is heading out of bounds towards team A’s bench. Player A2 is attempting to make a play on the ball when the head coach is hit with the ball while standing 7 feet from the sideline. A: The ball is called dead and ruled out by touch on player A1, point awarded to Team B. There is no replay for a head coach interfering with a legitimate play on the ball at anytime while standing in the coaching zone.

Q: Starting player for team S is found to have 2 inch bobby pins in her hair that may or may not have ribbons attached to the bobby pins. Due to the way it is positioned in the hair it makes it impossible to tell how the ribbon is attached or used in the hair. A: Rule 4-1-5, 4-1-6: Legal: Bobby pins with a maximum length of 2 inches are permitted even if they are not controlling hair; the ribbon as long as it is 2 inches or less in width in the hair is legal. We are not going to judge whether or not hair control devices are actually controlling hair for legality. Any item in the hair that has decoration that is hard, unyielding or can be easily be removed would be illegal. We are not going to have the player remove the bobby pin to see if the ribbon is attached to the bobby pin.

Q: Server tosses the ball and it strikes a backboard or rope hanging over the serving area prior to contacting the ball for serve A: Rule Book 2-1-1: There are no specific guidelines if the tossed ball hits an object below 23 feet prior to contact of serve. These types of objects would be in play normally except on a served ball. Any ball touching an object is out of play prior to the contact of serve, the ball would be dead immediately. We would not allow the server to complete the serve. We will award a replay not a reserve for all objects below 23 feet prior to the contact of serve. If the ball contacts the object below 23 feet after it is contacted by the server, the ball is dead and a loss of rally is awarded to the opponents. Q: Prior to the start of the match the R1 notices an exposed temporary tattoo A: The MHSA and NFHS have no guidelines on tattoos. Permanent tattoos are legal and need not be covered unless they are derogatory. Rule Book 4-1-7: Players shall not wear body paint or glitter on their hair, face, uniform or body. NOTE: If the player can wipe their hand across the tattoo and it does not smear or come off then it is legal. The purpose of this rule to keep body paint or glitter from rubbing off on the competition volleyball. Q: Prior to the start of the match player S1 removes their warm-up jersey at the team bench A: Rule Book 4-2-1e: There is no penalty for removing a warm-up jersey in the playing area. Removing their playing uniform so that an undergarment is exposed would be penalized with a yellow card for unsportsmanlike conduct. Q: Team S sends substitute S7 to the sideline between the attack line and center line to enter as substitute. The R2 recognizes the request, and at the same time the score keeper informs the R2 that S7 is not listed on the roster. A: Rule Book 10-3-7b Penalty 1: A player attempting to enter the set as a substitute not listed on the roster is unnecessary delay – administrative yellow card for the first offense. The roster is corrected, and at that time the coach may decided to continue to substitute or withdraw the substitute but the penalty is still enforced no matter what the final decision is from the coach. Once the set is stopped to handle this illegal situation it is unnecessary delay.

Q: What is the difference between wrist bands vs. sweat bands? A: Case Book 4.1.1 Situation A (c) and 4.1.6 Situation C (b): Sweat bands are legal as long as they are no more than 2 inches in width and are moisture absorbent. Wrist bands are not moisture absorbent, and would be considered jewelry and be illegal. There is no regulation on where they can wear the sweat band on the arm. In other words it can be above the elbow. There is no regulation on how many sweat bands a player can wear on their wrist/arm (unlimited) unless it is a safety factory. Then the referee may ask them to remove a few of them for safety reasons. Definition of a Sweat band is a band worn to absorb sweat: a strip of terry cloth worn around the head or wrist/arm to stop sweat running into the eyes or onto the hands while playing sports Q: Prior to the start the fifth deciding set, the head coach receives a red card for unsportsmanlike conduct A: Rule 12-2-1 Penalty 1(b): If we end a set with a red card and we have one or more sets to go, then we will start the next set with a 0-1 score. Please keep in mind that if the team that is being penalized is the serving team, then we have a loss of rally for that point and they lose the first serve as well. The receiving team will need to rotate and take the penalty point as well as the serve. If the team that is being penalized is the receiving team, then the serving team will start with one penalty point.

Q: Are teams required to have a home jersey color and an away jersey color? A: Rule Book 4-2-1: There are no regulations requiring teams to have two sets of jerseys, one for home and one for away in different colors

Q: Team R arrives on the playing floor and the R1 notices that all the players have a mascot or team name on their exposed T-shirts, the T-shirt is of similar color to the uniform top A: Rule Book 4-2-1: Legal

Q: Team S arrives on the floor and the R1 notices that all players are wearing a long sleeved undergarment of white color underneath their blue uniform tops, and the Libero is wearing a long sleeved undergarment of blue color underneath their white uniform top. A: Rule Book 4-2-1: If undergarments such as T-shirts, body suits, etc. are worn in such a manner that they are exposed, they shall be of a single color similar to the predominant color of the uniform top. The players must remove the undergarments before continuing to warm-up and before they can participate in the match.

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL DIRECTOR BY

DECEMBER 1, 2015.



2015-2016

LESSON #4

NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB________________________________________ DATE__________________________________

I. Please review and discuss the below information found in the 2015 NFHS Volleyball Preseason

Guide:

Judgment, Consistency Key Components for Double Hit – page 10

Scorer, Libero Tracker Vital in Each Match – page 11

Screenshots Officials Gotta Know – page 13

II. Review and discuss the following article by Corny Galdones: Criticism should instruct, not destruct.

Go forth and perpetuate. Enrich and ensure our officiating future by giving your knowledge and wisdom forward. As you advise fellow officials to help them grow, bear in mind that a crude block of granite is honed into fine sculpture with chisels, not sledgehammers. Beating up people leaves them in rubble. Even if you need to hit them over the head with a 2x4 to get their attention, feed them a carrot or two afterwards. Build their confidence while arming them with the skills and acumen to mature. Understand they may have no idea of what they're doing. Never forget you were once in their shoes. Look at you now. You're a star, and hopefully, with a gift of not feeling and acting like one. Not everyone will possess the makeup and talent fit for the top. Who cares! We can't afford to be snobbish or discourage anyone in our ranks. Every able body willing to blow a whistle is valuable. Let's make every single person feel wanted, finding a useful niche for each one. Many of us dead tired at bedtime after surviving one contest after another from early morning through late evening can attest to a referee shortage. Granted, the extra pay is nice, but there's more to life than money. Our profession's lifeline is in the hands of all of us. No one is exempt from being active in assisting officials who might not be as sharp as we are. Show you care by looking out for them and not yourself. Every effort, big or small, counts. Thanks to others, you own a wealth of information. Be generous in sharing your expertise like they did with you. Open up minds. Open yours, too. You may know it all after seeing and doing it all, but this doesn't mean you're always right. You may also be good but you're only as good as how you treat everyone else. Open up your arms, your heart and your head so others will want to seek you out for guidance. Everyone has flaws and makes mistakes. How you address these goes a long way in determining the morale of those under scrutiny. A piece of your mind soothes. A piece of your mind doesn't. Getting hung up on being critical, strict, mean or superior is sure to cause friction, tension and resentment. Breathe. Surely, something was done right. See the glass as half full not half empty. Be firm and frank in pointing out errors, yet flexible and sensitive in judging or correcting them. Less static yields better reception. Step on toes so that anyone discomforted will smile. You've won them over then. Come up with practical solutions. Study up so you can explain in detail the proper actions to take, what conditions to anticipate or be aware of, and most important, the reasons and benefits for doing things as such. Too often the latter is omitted, resulting in sound advice being ignored even when repeated over and over again. Make sense? Those in the dark on what and how have to be told why to see the light. We're not little kids anymore. "Because I said so" isn't good enough. If you're the recipient of a formal debriefing in a graded evaluation, realize it's a monologue, meaning there's only one speaker, and it's not you. Listen, take notes and bite your tongue. Not being open to critique and being defensive makes you deaf if not dumb. In an informal officiating dialogue, feel free to speak up. Ask questions. Pick every brain around. If something doesn't seem right or isn't in line with prior training, bring it up. This could be a moment of revelation for you or perhaps a veteran with an idiosyncrasy. The big dogs are never too old to learn new tricks from young pups.

Whether we're in the dawn, middle or twilight of our career, criticism can be of help. If you offer any, be constructive and considerate about it. Otherwise, chances are we won't want to hear it even if we must.

III. Breakdown on Collective Blocks by Brian Hemelgrn (Referee Magazine October 2014)

A collective block, at face value, seems pretty cut and dried - multiple players in close proximity at the net, reaching higher than the top of the net. But it can also result in some unusual situations that require quick thinking on the part of the referees. First, a player must be near the net, reaching higher than the top of the net, to be considered a blocker. In addition, a collective block is completed when one of the players touches the ball. In essence, when one of the blockers touches the ball, all of the blockers are considered to have touched it. Therein lies a challenge: What if one of the blockers is a back-row player? Secondly, since only the players who are reaching higher than the top of the net are considered blockers, what if a teammate who is near a collective block, but not reaching higher than the net, contacts the ball (or is contacted by the ball) during that playing action?

A back-row player. A back-row player may not complete a block or participate in a completed collective block. Sometimes a back-row player will get caught up in the action and forget that she can't block, resulting in an illegal block. But other times, a back-row setter may get "trapped" at the net trying to save a teammate's overpass. Inevitably, the opponent often tries to attack an overpass, and if the setter 's front-row teammate goes up to attempt to block the opponent's attack of the overpass , the back-row setter may end up part of the blocking action, even though that wasn't the intent. When the back-row setter is reaching higher than the net while trying to save the ball, and her teammate (i.e., the blocker) touches the opponent's attack hit, a collective block has occurred, by definition and since a back-row player was involved, it is an illegal block. Referees must always be alert when a back-row player is near the net during the playing action, especially if that player is reaching higher than the net.

Not above the net. The second challenge with collective blocks occurs when a player near the blocking action, who is not reaching higher than the net, contacts the ball. It often results in a block and then a first team contact in quick succession. The speed of that action can catch the referees off guard. It can occur in two basic situations: 1) a blocker jumps earlier than the others and consequently is no longer reaching higher than the net when the ball contacts the other blockers before it touches her, or 2) a back-row player, knowing that they can't block, will stand with hands reaching above the head but not higher than the top of the net, and the ball will rebound from the blockers to the back-row player. In both cases, when the ball touches the player(s) reaching above the net, that is the blocking part of the action. And when the ball then rebounds to the player who is not reaching higher than the net or lowers their hands (soft block), that is the team's first contact. A collective block requires referees to quickly determine a player's reach in relation to the height of the net, the reach of other players in close proximity, as well as ensuring back-row players are not involved in the blocking action. The referee must then determine whether the subsequent contact was part of the collective block or should be considered the team's first contact

IV. Take orally as a group the NFHS 2015-16 Volleyball Rules Examination – Part I. Discuss and clarify uncertainties with any questions on the exam by referring to the relevant rule(s) reference(s):

2015-16 Volleyball Examination Part I

NOTE: Team S = serving team; Team R = receiving team.

1. When timing the time-out interval for injury, the timer shall not use an audio device for the end of the time-out, but shall notify the second referee.

A. True

B. False

2. When the second referee provides assistance to the first referee on plays that may be out of the view of the first referee, such assistance is provided with a visual, informal signal and not a whistle.

A. True

B. False

3. At the end of the final set of the match, the second referee shall:

A. Verify the score of the set.

B. Verify the result of the match and initial the scoresheet.

C. Exit the playing area with the first referee.

D. All of the above.

4. A teammate on the bench receives a yellow card for conduct:

A. The head coach must be seated for the remainder of the match, except as provided in 12-2-5.

B. The head coach must be seated for the remainder of the set, except as provided in 12-2-5.

C. The player committing the infraction shall not enter or re-enter the set.

D. The player committing the infraction must be seated for the remainder of the set, except as provided in 12-2-5.

5. Unsporting conduct by a player includes, but is not limited to:

A. Disrespectfully addressing a referee and/or other match officials.

B. Use of disconcerting acts or words when an opponent is about to play the ball.

C. Questioning or trying to influence the referees' decisions.


6. A team may use electronic devices during the match, provided that:

A. The location and use of the device(s) are not in a restricted area, as determined by host management.

B. The first referee does not determine that the device interferes with the contest.

C. The state association does not prohibit the use of electronic devices.


7. The responsibility of securing and training both line judges for a volleyball match lies with the:

A. Host school, unless determined otherwise by state association policy.

B. Visiting school.

C. Host and visiting schools sharing the responsibilities.

D. None of the above.

8. At the end of a set, the first referee shall:

A. Whistle and signal end of set.

B. Confirm the set score by checking the scoresheet.

C. Motion each team to its respective end line.


9. Which of the following responsibilities is NOT required of the second referee?

A. Conducting the pre-match coin toss.

B. Checking the lineup card prior to each set.

C. Determining hand/foot faults at the center line.

D. Conducting the coin toss for the deciding set.

10. When signaling the fault of a fourth contact, the first referee shall:

A. Whistle, signal result of play (point or replay), signal four hits on side of offending team.

B. Whistle, signal four hits on side of offending team, signal result of play (point or replay).

C. Signal four hits on side of offending team, whistle, signal result of play (point or replay).


11. When signaling a net violation, the second referee shall:

A. Whistle, signal violation, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

B. Whistle, signal violation, player number, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

C. Whistle, signal player number, violation, and then mimic the first referee's signal for result of play.

D. Whistle, signal violation.

12. During the match, the libero tracker will:

A. Notify the referees if the libero is replaced by an incorrect player.

B. Record all substitutions and libero replacements.

C. Notify the second referee of the status of each team's libero at the beginning of each time-out.


13. In the case of a team having a player who is unable to play at the end of an official's time-out for injury and no legal or exceptional substitute is available, the first referee:

A. Will declare that the offending team forfeits the match.

B. May call a special time-out of up to three minutes for the injured/ill player to return.

C. Will declare that the offending team forfeits the set.


14. A match shall be declared a forfeit when:

A. There is an unruly spectator and play is stopped.

B. The facility experiences a power failure and play is halted.

C. No authorized school personnel is present to assume responsibility for the team if the head coach is removed from the premises/disqualified.


15. Contact with the net during play is legal, provided that the player:

A. Is not in the act of playing the ball.

B. Does not interfere with the opponent.

C. Is not faking a play on the ball.


16. A high school volleyball team wears royal blue shorts as part of its uniform. Legal attire for team members would include:

A. Royal blue skirts.

B. Royal blue spandex shorts.

C. Royal blue pants.


17. An unnecessary delay is charged to the offending team when:

A. A substitution is delayed.

B. A substitution is denied by the second referee after the request has been recognized because the substitution is illegal; or a substitute is wearing illegal equipment or an illegal uniform.

C. A team repeatedly uses an improper substitution.


18. Which one of these substitutions would be considered illegal?

A. An athlete who exhibited concussion symptoms and was cleared by an appropriate health-care professional re-enters the set.

B. A player who was legally replaced earlier in the set re-enters the set in the same position.

C. A substitution is made, and the coach tries to substitute the same player during the same dead ball in which the player was replaced.

D. A legal player enters as the 18th substitute.

19. A substitute attempts to enter the set with a small towel securely tucked into the uniform bottom waistband.

A. The second referee denies entry and unnecessary delay shall be assessed to the team.

B. The substitute may enter wearing the towel. Unnecessary delay will only be assessed if the towel becomes a problem (i.e., repeatedly falling out).

C. The second referee denies entry, has the substitute remove the towel and assesses unnecessary delay.

D. The second referee has the substitute remove the towel before entering the set.

20. The jurisdiction of the referees:

A. Begins upon their arrival on the floor and extends through the second referee's verification of the

final score of the match.

B. Includes the completion of any required reports or correspondence in response to any action occurring during the referees' jurisdiction.

C. Includes reports for imposing disqualifications that are a result of actions that occurred during the referees' jurisdiction.

D. All are correct.

21. Which of the following would be unsporting conduct for a coach?

A. Using a sounding device (i.e., megaphone, horn, etc.) at courtside for coaching purposes.

B. Questioning a referee's judgment.

C. Making any excessive requests designed to disrupt the set.

D. All are considered acts of unsporting conduct.

22. A ball in the plane of the net is contacted simultaneously by the serving team's LF and receiving team's RF. The ball then falls out of bounds on the serving team's side. The point goes to the:

A. Serving team.

B. Receiving team.

C. Neither, as a replay is called.


23. When one player contacts the ball with two or more parts of the body at the same instant, it is permitted and considered one hit.

A. True

B. False

24. The following equipment/accessories are permitted:

A. Knee braces, which are unaltered from the manufacturer's original design/production.

B. Unpadded hard and/or unyielding items on the elbow, upper arm or shoulder.

C. A cast on the hand.

D. A 2½-inch hair clip.

25. The penalty for discovery of a player wearing jewelry during warm-up is as follows:

A. A loss of rally/point shall be awarded to the opponent.

B. The referee shall direct the player, by way of the coach, to remove the jewelry. A player who does not comply shall be charged with unsporting conduct.

C. An unnecessary delay shall be assessed to the team.

D. The player shall be removed from the set.

26. When there is a double fault during live-ball play:

A. The penalty is assessed against the serving team, followed by the receiving team.

B. The penalty is assessed against the receiving team, followed by the serving team.

C. Play continues without interruption, as neither team gained an advantage.

D. Play is stopped and the point is replayed.

27. Uniform bottoms must be of like color, but may be of multiple styles, including shorts, spandex, pants or skirts, on the same team.

A. True

B. False

28. For compliance with a solid-colored uniform top, a single mascot reference and/or school reference may be placed on the sleeve(s), not to exceed either 4 by 4 or 3 by 5 inches.

A. True

B. False

29. The penalty for discovery of a player wearing an illegal uniform during the match is as follows:

A. Requires an unnecessary delay assessed the team. The team must call a time-out to make the uniform legal. If there are no time-outs remaining, a loss of rally/point shall be awarded to the opponent.

B. Subsequent violations by the same team necessitate loss of rally/point awarded to the opponent.

C. When a player wearing an illegal uniform attempts to enter the set, unnecessary delay shall be assessed the team. The player may not enter the set until the uniform is made legal.


30. The libero may be replaced by any player as long as he/she is listed on the roster.

A. True

B. False

31. A team is allowed a maximum of 18 substitutions per set, which also includes any libero replacements.

A. True

B. False

32. If the libero is injured and cannot continue play, he/she must be replaced by the player whom he/she replaced. A new libero may then be redesignated using which of the following criteria?

A. A redesignated libero must occur immediately.

B. The injured libero may return to play at the next dead ball.

C. The redesignated libero's uniform must have a unique number (not worn by any teammate).

D. None of the above criteria is correct.

33. Line judges' responsibilities include:

A. On a serve, moving to the side and in line with the extension of the endline until the ball is contacted for serve, if directed to do so by the first referee.

B. Indicating when a player touches a ball that is going out of bounds on the player's side of the net.

C. Indicating to the first referee, when asked, when the ball touches the ceiling or overhead obstruction, if out of the view of the referees.


34. Prematch responsibilities for line judges include:

A. Reporting to the first referee no less than 30 minutes prior to the start of the match.

B. Reviewing their specific responsibilities with the first referee.

C. Informing the first referee of their positions on the court.

D. Assisting teams with their warm-ups.

35. A back-row player may contact a ball that is completely above the height of the net and complete the attack as long as his/her foot is on the attack line.

A. True

B. False

36. While playing the ball, it is legal for a player's knee to touch the floor across the center line as long as part of his/her leg remains in contact with the center line.

A. True

B. False

37. Which of the following designates a net fault when the ball is in play?

A. A player gains an advantage by contacting the standards.

B. There is dangerous contact with the first referee's platform.

C. A player contacts the net cables.

D. All of the above are net faults.

38. A block may not involve wrist action, as this is considered prolonged contact.

A. True

B. False

39. Prior to the serve, all players, excluding the libero, shall be in correct serving order.

A. True

B. False

40. Which of the following may attend the captains' meeting before the deciding set?

A. Home team captain only.

B. Last server for each team.

C. Liberos only.

D. Multiple team captains from each team.

41. Improper substitution occurs and is corrected when a:

A. Substitute and the outgoing player do not take correct exchange positions.

B. Substitute enters or a player leaves the court before the second referee directs him/her to do so.

C. Substitute's number and the number of the outgoing player being replaced may not have reported to the second referee when the substitution occurs at the end of a time-out.

D. All are correct.

42. A replay is declared when play is interrupted because the ball contacted the pole used to retract a ceiling-suspended net system.

A. True

B. False

43. A replay may be declared when:

A. A timer's audio signal interrupts play.

B. There are conflicting calls that the referee cannot resolve.

C. There is a double fault during a live ball.

D. All are correct.

44. If the serving team wins the rally, it scores a point and continues to serve. If the receiving team wins the rally, it scores a point and gains the serve.

A. True

B. False

45. If a team has fewer than six eligible players to start the match:

A. The set must be forfeited, unless state association rules determine otherwise.

B. A loss of rally/point is awarded when the vacant position rotates to right back.

C. The captain must serve for the vacant position.

D. The opposing team must play with the same number of players.

46. Following the coin toss for a deciding set, the teams shall remain at their respective team benches or shall change courts immediately, as signaled by the first referee.

A. True

B. False

47. The first referee has the responsibility to:

A. Be in uniform onsite at least 30 minutes before the starting time.

B. Verify with each head coach that all teammates are wearing legal uniforms and equipment.

C. Conduct the prematch conference with captains and head coaches.

D. All are correct.

48. The second referee is responsible for:

A. Whistling to end a time-out only if the audio signal has not sounded and both teams are ready to play prior to 60 seconds expiring.

B. Assigning line judges to their positions.

C. Conducting the coin toss between the captains and the head coaches during the prematch

conference.

D. Establishing nonplayable areas and defining any additional ground rules which might be necessary.

49. The second referee shall whistle and give the signal for calls initiated by the second referee, including time-outs, substitutions and ball out of bounds for an antenna fault on the second referee's side of the net.

A. True

B. False

50. The second referee shall be in a standing position on the floor opposite the first referee, outside the sideline boundary and back from the standard.

A. True

B. False

51. A serve contacting and crossing the net shall remain in play provided the ball is entirely within the net antennas.

A. True

B. False

52. A re-serve is considered to be a part of a single attempt to serve. Therefore, after the first referee's signal for service, no requests (e.g., time-out, service order, lineup, substitution, libero replacement, etc.) may be recognized until after the ball has been served.

A. True

B. False

53. The team not serving first in the previous set of a match shall serve first in the next set. However, for a deciding set, the first serve is determined by the coin toss.

A. True

B. False

54. The player and substitute shall remain in the substitution zone until the second referee releases them.

A. True

B. False

55. Delaying substitution is illegal and occurs when a:

A. Coach stands in the replacement zone, 6 feet back from the sideline after the substitution as the first referee whistles and signals for serve.

B. Coach pulls his/her player back prior to being recognized for a substitution.

C. Substitute fails to immediately report to the second referee after the substitution request is recognized.

D. None of these procedures are illegal.

56. An illegal substitute attempts to enter the set. The penalty is:

A. Unnecessary delay.

B. Unsporting conduct (yellow card).

C. Both unnecessary delay and unsporting conduct.

D. There is no penalty.

57. An unnecessary delay is NOT charged to the offending team when a:

A. Substitution is delayed.

B. Substitution is denied by the second referee after the request has been recognized because the substitution is illegal or a substitute is wearing illegal equipment/uniform.

C. Team repeatedly uses an improper substitution.


58. The libero is required to wear only a solid-colored uniform top.

A. True

B. False

59. When a player receives a yellow card, the head coach must:

A. Remove the player.

B. Remain seated during play for the rest of the match.

C. Remain seated for the rest of the set.


60. Following the coin toss for a deciding set, the teams:

A. Shall remain at their respective team benches.

B. Shall change courts immediately.

C. Should remain at their respective bench or change courts as signaled by the first referee.


61. Uniform bottoms must be of like color, but may be of multiple styles, including:

A. Shorts, but no skirts.

B. Skirts, but not shorts.

C. Pants, shorts, spandex, but not skirts.

D. Shorts, spandex, pants or skirts.

62. A team is allowed a maximum of 18 substitutions per _____, which does not included any libero replacements.

A. Match.

B. Set.

C. Player.

63. The libero may be replaced by:

A. Any player on the roster.

B. Any team member who did not start the set.

C. Only the player whom he/she replaced.

D. Any player who started the set.

64. At the moment of contact of the ball for serve, the right front on the receiving team is standing on the right sideline but not across. The ruling is the player is:

A. Out-of-bounds and a warning is given.

B. Not out of bounds and play continues.

C. Out of bounds and a point is awarded to the serving team.


65. Prior to the serve, _____, shall be in the correct serving order.

A. All back-row players, but not front-row players.

B. All players excluding the libero.

C. All players including the libero.

D. All front-row players, but not back-row players.

66. The player and substitute shall remain in the substitution zone until the _____.

A. Coach releases them.

B. Two have touched hands at the sideline.

C. Whistle is blown by the first referee.

D. Second referee releases them for the exchange.

67. The scorer shall record in the comments section of the scoresheet:

A. All warnings, penalties and disqualifications for unsporting conduct violations.

B. All uniform/equipment violations and administrative cards for unnecessary delay.

C. When a player is removed under concussion management.


68. The second referee shall be in a standing position on the floor:

A. Opposite the first referee, outside the sideline.

B. Next to the first referee.

C. At the end line opposite the first referee.

D. On the end line on the same side as the first referee.

69. When the second referee provides assistance to the first referee on plays that may be out of the view of the first referee, such assistance is provided with a:

A. Visual hand signal.

B. Whistle only.

C. Visual hand signal and a whistle.

D. Visual, informal signal and not a whistle.

70. A re-serve is considered to be a part of a single attempt to serve. Therefore, after the first referee's signal for service, no requests except for _____ may be recognized.

A. Time-outs.

B. Service order.

C. Substitutions.


71. The first server of the receiving team is in the _____ when the set begins.

A. Back right position.

B. Left front position.

C. Back left position.

D. Right front position.

72. The volleyball shall be spherical with a laceless molded cover of 12 or more panels of genuine or simulated:

A. Smooth leather.

B. Suede.

C. Leather.


73. Unnecessary delay occurs when:

A. A team is not immediately ready to start play when directed by a referee.

B. A captain/coach makes excessive requests for the serving order.

C. An illegal substitute attempts to enter the set.


74. When used, a libero:

A. May be used as a exceptional substitution for an injured player if no other legal substitute is available.

B. Shall not replace a disqualified teammate.

C. Shall be designated on the lineup sheet prior to each set.


75. During a dead ball, the playing captain may request the following for his/her opponent:

A. Verification of the proper libero.

B. Verification of the proper server.

C. Verification of time-outs used.

D. Verification of the team serve order.

76. If using an intermission, it shall occur between the second and third sets and shall be no longer than:

A. 5 minutes

B. 7 minutes

C. 10 minutes

D. 15 minutes

77. During the set, each line judge shall assist the referees by:

A. Indicating when the serve, or any played ball, crosses the net not entirely between the net antennas.

B. Notifying the second referee if the libero does not remain out of the set for one rally.

C. Notifying the second referee of a wrong server.


78. CF, LF and LB are very close to each other at the net, and all three are reaching higher than the top of the net. The ball is attacked by Team S and contacts LF's hands. Which of the following statements is true?

A. CF, LF and LB meet the definition of a collective block.

B. CF and LB are also considered to have touched the ball since the ball contacted R3's hands.

C. A blocking fault results because LB has participated in a completed block.

D. All the above statements are true.

79. The automated horn on the scoreboard buzzes in the middle of a rally. How should the referees handle this situation?

A. If the inadvertent horn affects play in any way in the judgment of the first referee, the first referee must direct a replay.

B. As soon as the referees hear the inadvertent horn, play must be stopped and the rally must result in a replay.

C. Allow the rally to continue to its natural end. The rally will be replayed only if players from the team that lost the rally complain that they were distracted by the horn.

D. The result of the rally stands regardless of any distraction, interference or interruption the horn may have caused.

80. On the second hit, it is illegal for the setter on Team S to contact the ball:

A. With his/her foot to keep the ball in play.

B. With his/her hip to keep the ball in play.

C. With his/her kneepad where there is a prolonged contact to keep the ball in play.

D. With his/her head to keep the ball in play.

81. After the first referee's signal to serve, a re-serve occurs on all these attempts except when the server:

A. Swings and misses the tossed ball.

B. Swings, misses and the ball contacts his/her shoulder.

C. Lets the tossed ball drop to the ground without it being touched.

D. Catch as a bad toss.

82. Legal- or illegal-server: No. 5 recognizes that he/she is the improper server so tosses and catches the ball to force a re-serve. Before the five seconds for the re-serve have elapsed, the proper server takes No. 5's place and makes a legal serve.

A. Illegal.

B. Legal.

83. It is illegal for a teammate to leave the team bench to warm up with a ball.

A. True

B. False

84. A player on Team S uses profanity directed toward the line judge. The first referee disqualifies the player for unsporting conduct. A player may be removed from the vicinity of the team bench.

A. True

B. False

85. It is illegal for a player to:

A. Contact the referee’s platform.

B. Fall into the net.

C. Grasp the standards for support.

D. B and C.

86. The libero can serve for:

A. All front-row players only.

B. All back-row players only.

C. Only for the first server.

D. Only in one position in the serve order.

87. If a back-row setter jousts with a middle blocker as the ball is completely above the height of the net:

A. The first referee shall call a replay.

B. Play continues.

C. The first referee shall call illegal block on the setter.

D. The first referee shall call illegal block on the middle blocker.

88. The responsibility to control the crowd belongs to:

A. The head coach.

B. Host school security.

C. The onsite school administrator.


89. The play is illegal when a player on Team R receives:

A. A served ball overhead and there are multiple contacts.

B. A hard-driven, spiked ball with finger action.

C. The first ball over the net and mishandles the ball with prolonged contact.

D. The first ball which bounces off Team R’s forearm, then shoulder.

90. What defines a back-row attack?

A. Back-row player on or in front of the attack line contacts the ball completely above the height of the net and completes an attack.

B. Back-row player sets ball above height of net to spiker but opposing team touches ball in the plane of the net before spiker touches ball.

C. Back-row player sets ball at height of net to spiker but opposing team contact ball first.

D. Libero finger sets ball while behind the attack line when ball is above the height of the net to teammate.

91. Unnecessary delay is called when a libero enters the court outside the libero replacement zone.

A. True

B. False

92. It is legal for the following individual(s) to request a time-out.

A. Playing captain or head coach.

B. Assistant coach.

93. The team is charged with a substitution when a lineup is submitted and lists a starting number that no team member is wearing for that team.

A. True

B. False

94. Substitute(s) shall enter the set at the end of the time-out after both teams have returned to the court following normal exchange procedures.

A. True

B. False

95. The time period between sets of a match shall be no more than three minutes, unless an intermission is used.

A. True

B. False

96. A ball may be attacked, excluding a served ball, when it has partially crossed the net.

A. True

B. False

97. The same player number is listed more than once in the lineup. The team must make one legal substitution to ensure six unique, legal player numbers start the set.

A. True

B. False

98. The penalty for an unnecessary delay is:

A. An administrative yellow card, warning, if first delay in that set.

B. An administrative red card, loss of rally/point, for subsequent delay in same set.

C. The head coach does not have to remain seated during play for yellow or red cards for unnecessary delay.


99. For repeated unnecessary delay violations in multiple sets, unsporting conduct may be issued by the first referee.

A. True

B. False

100. The signal for an unnecessary delay is arm on side of offending team bent across chest, hand below chin, place palm of opposite hand, while holding card, against wrist. Then extend bent arm toward floor on offending team's side and drop other arm to side.

A. True

B. False

OUTLINE MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL DIRECTOR BY

DECEMBER 1, 2015.



2015-16

LESSON #5

NAME________________________________________________________________________________

CLUB_________________________________________ DATE_________________________________

I. Please r I. Review/discuss the below information found in the 2015 NFHS Volleyball Preseason Guide:

Are Your Equipment Healthy and Court Ready? – page 8

What’s the Hurry – page 10

Conduct in Shades of Yellow, Red and Gray – page 14

Method to Substitution Madness – page 15

When There is Nowhere to Run, Hide– page 15

A Few Steps Before First Serve Goes a Long Way – page 16

II. Review and discuss the following article by Corny Galdones: The Psychology of Being a R2:

Of all the officiating skills, dealing with a coach who isn't pleased with a call is arguably the hardest to master. Serving and protecting the first referee (R1) is a dynamic science with myriad intangibles for a second referee (R2) to learn. The better R2s make it an art, thinking fast on their feet and calming matters down right away without need for a sanction. Agility with words, awareness and finesse are paramount for an R2, attributes many an aspiring official is yet to be practiced in. More often than not, this is the major downfall in their quest for advancement. Start off with a proper tone by being cordial and not social in greeting each coach short and sweet before the match. After that, friends or not, address them by "Coach." During every rally, know all and see all that's going on as an R2, avoiding tunnel vision syndrome. Gluing your eyes to the net makes no sense when nothing is happening there. Instead, widen your view to the playing of the ball to assist the R1 on ball handling errors, failed pancakes and illegal back row attacks from the three meter line. By watching the offense develop, you'll be prepared when you narrow your vision as the action comes to the net. What's more, you'll be on top of developments open to question and have a convincing answer ready if either coach asks about the ruling. When the rally ends, be on the alert. Walk toward a coach likely to question a call to condition the coach to always seek you out rather than the R1. If a coach approaches the sideline to dress down the R1 across the court, step in between the coach and the R1. You can't afford to be passive or timid. Get out there and assert yourself! Open up to be face-to-face with the coach. Hear what the coach has to say before speaking. It's imperative to know exactly what occurred during the situation in question and what rule was applied. Never make things up or else you'll lose all credibility. Never say anything negative about your partner either for you and the R1 to succeed as a team, fail as a team. Explain the officiating decision. If the coach pursues the matter, use your powers of diplomacy to redirect the coach's attention to the next play, being subtle in ending a discussion by walking the coach toward the team’s bench as you talk. Early on, establish the boundaries of conduct you'll accept from coaches. Let them coach. If they don't like a call, let them vent to look after their team's best interest. If they erupt, start to coach you, keep on complaining or cast aspersions, they've crossed the line. Put a stop to it with a suitable warning to prevent the situation from escalating or discipline them with a sanction if the situation is beyond repair. Let it be known right off the bat you won't put up with any nonsense. Otherwise, the match can get out of hand in a hurry. How to address a coach who disagrees with a call varies. Each encounter is different. Besides, personalities are not alike. Words of conciliation or tactics that work for one R2 may not work for another. For judgment calls, emphasize the R 1 has a different angle from the coach or is being consistent with the calls. Or support and reinforce the R1with, "That was a good call, coach. Let's play. ''I'll keep an eye out for it" will do when potential violations are pointed out. If you made an obvious error, admit it. However, you best do this only

once. Waste no time in gauging the situation and figuring out what to communicate to the coach so the match isn’t delayed any further. Worst of all is a controversial decision you can't defend. Regardless, you still have to protect the R1 and limit the damage. An R2 once replied to an upset coach with."Coach, trust me, he wishes he would have called it too another responded, "It will get better, I promise." A third one said, "I understand coach, but we're moving on." One coach was so furious he was speechless. He knew that I knew. I looked him in the eyes, nodded my head and walked away. Saying nothing at all sometimes is effective for a coach who just wants to air one's frustrations. Humoring, distracting or throwing a coach off track could also work. Then again, it may not. "Shut up and sit down, coach!" We wish we could blow off a coach this way, don't we? Sorry, it won't fly. An able second referee has to be a psychologist with a nimble, quick mind to take care of a dissatisfied coach.

III. You Make the Call: The following are general situations and unusual situations that were in

question during the past season. Can you make the right call? Please review and discuss as a group. Answer true or false.

1. A point is awarded to the serving team when R2 attacks a served ball when it has partially crossed the net and lands on the opponent’s side of the court.

True False

2. The scorer shall immediately notify the umpire when there is a re-entry of a player who was replaced by an exceptional substitution.

True False

3. Request for a time-out shall be signaled by the coach or playing captain.

True False

4. The serve is legal when the server attempts a second re-serve during that team’s term of service.

True False

5. The ball remains in play when a spiked ball inadvertently hits the leg of an opposing player.

True False

6. Two minutes prior to the end of the timed warm-up, the coach shall submit to the scorer a written lineup for the six starting players in their proper serving order.

True False

7. A blocker can contact the ball over the opposing court while it is falling near the net and, in the official’s judgment, no member of the attacking team can make a play on it.

True False

8. The serve is legal when the server’s foot touches the 6-inch extension line of the sideline at the instant the ball is contacted for serve.

True False

9. Unnecessary delay should be called if a team requests a time-out in a game after it has used its allotted time-outs.

True False

10. If Team R calls a time-out, Team S is automatically assured of the full 60-second time-out allotment if they want it.

True False

11. Is it a net foul if the uniform of a Team S player touches the net as she spikes the ball to the floor in Team R’s court?

True False

12. Is it legal and does play continue when the hair of the RF touches the net as she sets the ball?

True False

13. A time-out request prior to the start of the game shall be denied.

True False

14. A back row player may attack a ball which is completely above the height of the net, having taken off from on or behind the attack line.

True False

15. Is it legal for a player to wear an elbow brace that extends more than halfway down the forearm and is properly padded?

True False

16. Illegal alignment occurs when, at the moment of service, while stacking to the left, the RB is nearer the center line than the RF?

True False

17. The timer shall, after the official’s signal, begin timing the interval for an injury time-out.

True False

18. Illegal alignment occurs when, at the moment of service, the RF on Team R has one hand touching the floor on and over the center line.

True False

19. A coach may not substitute players during a time-out.

True False

20. A replay shall be declared if there is a double foul during a live ball.

True False

21. It is legal and play continues when a player crosses the extension of the center line outside the court at any time provided there is no interference.

True False

22. A line judge shall stand at the intersection of the attack line and the sideline on the side of the referee during time-outs.

True False

23. An injured player who has not been rendered unconscious and who is legally replaced may return to the match at any time, except during the same dead ball.

True False

24. Non-playing team members may go to a non-playable area to warm up without balls prior

to entry into the game as a substitute.

True False 25. A replay shall be declared when two opposing players contact the ball at the same instant,

then the ball hits the antenna.

True False

26. A replay shall be declared if, after a team’s third hit, the ball becomes motionless in the rafters.

True False

27. It is legal for a coach to make a substitution, then call a time-out to make a second substitution before the ball is put back in play.

True False

28. Is it legal for a front row player to attempt to play a ball which has partially crossed the vertical plane of the net extended?

True False

29. A player can’t block a ball completely on the opponent’s side of the net after the opposing team has had the opportunity to complete the attack.

True False





2015-2016

LESSON # 6 NAME_______________________________________________________________________________ CLUB_________________________________________ DATE_________________________________ I. Attitude is Imperative in Officiating by Tom Fakehany

Your attitude is everything:

Reliability is important. Live up to your commitments ·

Consider how your performance is viewed by those who do not personally know you. Spectators, coaches, players and administrators need to scrutinize you as a neutral party.

Every match is important to the participants and they deserve a 100% effort from you, no matter the level of play or importance of the match in conference standing. ·

Volleyball is a team sport and this includes the officials. You will get further by working with others instead of going off on a personal power trip. ·

Check your previous experience at the door. Every match is a fresh start.

Don't let a previous match affect how you call the next match--you work for the team. ·

Remember that your role as an official is to provide an environment for fair play. Use the rules to promote the fun and competitiveness of the sport. ·

Improve your skills by reviewing each match with your officiating crew. What could you have done better, what did you do well. Take that to your next match. ·

The sport volleyball is quickly altering and you must constantly move forward if you want to remain part of the game.

Officials cannot remain motionless--you must be constantly working to improve your game, or you become a liability instead of an asset to the game.

III. Please review and discuss the following article by Jenni Malsam, which addresses back row attacks:

But She Didn’t Jump!

It’s time to lay one ancient volleyball myth to rest. Coaches, players, fans and even some referees think that one criterion for judging the legality of a back-row attack is whether or not the back-row player jumped when he or she returned the ball over the net while in the front zone. Let’s clear this up once and for all – whether or not the player jumped has nothing to do with it. Whether the ball is completely above the height of the net when the contact is made has everything to do with it. The height of the ball relative to the net is the deciding factor for determining the legality of the back-row player action. It’s the height of the ball, everybody. A back row player, while in the front zone, could jump and contact the ball while it is completely above the height of the net and direct the ball so it breaks the vertical plane of the net. That would be a back-row player foul; use the back-row attack signal. A back-row player, while in the front zone, however, could also jump and contact the ball and direct the ball so that it breaks the vertical plane of the net and that action could be legal if the ball is not clearly above the height of the net. This play would be perfectly legal. Play on. The act of jumping or not jumping has nothing to do with the legality of the action. A back-row player, while in the front zone, can jump, contact the ball and be legal. A back-row player, while in the front zone, can stand flatfooted, contact the ball and be illegal. It all depends on the height of the ball – whether at the moment of contact, the ball was completely above the height of the net. If that back-row player stands flatfooted and makes a play o the ball clearly above the height of the net, is that illegal? That player is probably pretty tall with a long reach.

The standard for calling the back-row attack – height of the ball relative to the top of the net – is pretty simple. Please help to spread the news. Hopefully, when the first referee signals a back-row attack, we won’t hear any coaches shouting, “But she didn’t jump!” – because jumping has nothing to do with it.

III. You Make the Call!

A. A player attempts to warm up with (a) beads in her hair; (b) body paint on her arm and/or (c) a

temporary tattoo on her cheek.

Ruling: B. The visiting team’s new uniforms have button-collared shirts.

Ruling: C. A spectator becomes unruly to a point of disrupting the match. The referee: (a) gives a yellow

card to the team for whom the fan is yelling; (b)approaches the spectator and tells him to leave the facility.

Ruling:

D. The captain complains that the team cannot serve because (a) the crowd is too noisy; (b) a fan is

yelling “miss it, miss it”, (c) a group of fans are taunting the outside hitter who is obviously disturbed by the behavior.

Ruling:

More – You Make the Call! a. Prior to the match the referee checks the air pressure of the ball. The pressure is 5 pounds per

square inch. The R1 declares it a legal game ball.

Ruling:

b. A player attempts to enter a match wearing wooden beads laced in their hair.

Ruling:

c. A player crosses the center line extension between the sideline and the standard: (a) while

playing a ball which has not crossed the plane of the net extended; (b) after legally playing the

ball. Ruling:

d. During the prematch conference, the referee notices that one of the captains of Team A has a

ring in her eyebrow. The referee notifies the coach and instructs the removal of the jewelry before the player will be permitted to enter the contest.

Ruling:

e. During play, the R2 is positioned on the blocking side of the net. The LF of the attacking team

spikes the ball and brushes the net in a follow-through of the hit. The R2 immediately blows the whistle and calls a net violation on the attacking team. The coach argues that it is not the R2’s call because he/she is supposed to watch the blocking side of the net.

Ruling:

f. During set two of a match, the R1 becomes ill and feels as if she cannot continue as the referee;

however, she believes she is well enough to function as the R2 for the remainder of the match. She takes an official’s time out and switches positions with the R2. They complete the match in these positions.

Ruling:

g. Following every net violation by Team A, the coach asks which player was in the net and whether it was the uniform, body, hand, arm, etc. that touched the net. This continues throughout the set.

Ruling:

h. Player #6 for Team S tosses the ball for service, realizes that she is the improper server, and lets

the ball drop to the floor untouched. The R1 signals a re-serve while the proper server (#4) moves into position. Player #4 then tosses the ball for service, and it drops to the floor untouched. The R1 awards Team R a point for loss of rally.

Ruling:

i. During a time out, Team R players drink form water bottles as they confer: (a) on the court: (b)

off the court; (c) off the court and water is spilled in a playable area.

Ruling:

IV. Review Your Group’s Season

a. What issues does your group believe are important universal issues that need to

be addressed by all officials’ pools throughout the state? Please send these items to Kip Ryan at the MHSA office so they may possibly be included for rules clinics and for study clubs.

b. Discuss potential MOA Hall of Fame candidates in your area. Application forms are

available from your regional director, on the MOA Central Hub at https://moa.arbitersports.com/front/106278/Site, or from the MOA/MHSA office.

c. Discuss your methods of evaluating and retaining fellow MOA members. Are the

methods working properly and positively? Should you start a method if you’re not evaluating at the present time? These evaluation procedures are especially important to review and discuss because of the process for selecting tournament officials and because the rankings/ratings of each pool is used to help determine selection.

Do these methods work for “upgrading”? Are they fair to all of your levels? Are you allowing anybody to upgrade? Are your methods for not allowing an upgrade fair?

d. For everyone’s benefit, review dues deadlines and upgrading procedures/requirements.

Be aware of the importance of notifying the MOA office of address changes. Know the “dues due” date.

e. You have an obligation to read the MOA Handbook. All officials should be aware of the

governing body’s rules and regulations. Any changes you’d like to see should be directed to your regional director for the council’s meeting in December.

f. Take time to discuss your pool’s assignment practices. Is your method fair to all

involved? What areas may need some improvement or change in relation to assignment of officials?

g. Are there any items, issues, clarifications that possibly would benefit all officials by putting

it in our official’s publication, The Official Word?

OUTLINES MUST BE SIGNED BY ALL PRESENT AND SENT TO YOUR REGIONAL


https://moa.arbitersports.com/front/106278/Site

Documents

Montana Officials Association...b) Jewelry, except a wedding band/ring, a watch if necessary or a medical alert bracelet, shall not be worn while officials are working. MOA Volleyball