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Monobond Etch & Prime description, new material
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Scientific Documentation
Scientif
Table
1. I1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2. T3. M
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.4
4. B4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
5. R
ic Documen
of Conte
ntroduction
The suc The bra2 Etching3 Monobo4 The me5
Technical D
Materials sc
Adhesio.1 Tens.2 Tens.3 Shea.4 Shea.5 Conc Etching2
2.1 Scan2.2 Mech
Toleran3 User to4
Biocompatib
Introduc Cytotox2 Genoto3 Skin irri4 Sensitiz5 Conclus6 Toxicolo7
References
ntation Mon
nt
.................
ccess of gla
and Monobo
g with hydro
ond Etch &
echanism ...
Data for Mon
cience and p
on to restor
ile strength
ile strength
ar bond stre
ar bond stre
clusion: ......
g effect of M
nning electro
hanical prop
nce to conta
lerance .....
bility ...........
ction ..........
xicity ..........
oxicity .........
itation and s
zation ........
sions: ........
ogical data
.................
nobond Etch
..................
ass ceramic
ond ............
ofluoric acid
Prime .......
..................
nobond Etch
physical inv
rative mater
on various
of various
ngth of vari
ngth on IPS
..................
Monobond E
on microsco
perties (flex
amination ...
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
skin damag
..................
..................
..................
..................
h & Prime
..................
cs ...............
..................
..................
..................
..................
h & Prime ..
vestigations
rials ............
s substrates
adhesives a
ious adhesi
S e.max CA
..................
Etch & Prime
ope investig
ural strengt
..................
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ge ...............
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and primers
ves and pri
AD ..............
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e versus hy
gation .........
th) ..............
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s on IPS e.m
mers on IPS
..................
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ydrofluoric a
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Page
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max CAD ..
S e.max CA
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acid ............
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e 1 of 22
........... 2
........... 2
........... 3
........... 4
........... 5
........... 6
........... 8
........... 9
........... 9
........... 9
......... 11AD .... 12......... 13......... 14......... 14......... 14......... 16......... 17......... 18......... 19......... 19......... 19......... 19......... 19......... 20......... 20......... 20......... 21
Scientif
1. Int
The1.1Glass cthe posttrials coceramiccementprocedudramati
Fig. amal
The adbonds phosphosurface acid fordissolutIn a semethac These p
a a a
s
Adhesivadvanta
ic Documen
troductio
e successceramics beterior filling
onfirm the sc inlays, foing with glaure the sucally improv
1: Treatmenlgam
hesive lutinto dentin aoric acid eis achieved
rming a mtion by the aecond steprylate is use
procedure aa perfect sea strong boa high strestructure
vely luted cages to othe
ntation Mon
on
s of glass ecame a su
therapy sinuccess rate
or example ass ionomeurvival of ved [5].
nt of teeth 1
ng proceduand ename
etching or wd by etchingicro-retentivacid than thp a chemiced with a tri
allows ealing of theond to the reength of th
ceramic inlaer restorativ
nobond Etch
ceramicsuccessful alnce IPS Eme [1,2,3] Thi
Dicor (Deer cements IPS Empre
16 and 17 w
re is basedel. This cawith self-etg and silanive etching e crystal pa
cal bond ismethoxysila
e dentin andestoration e cement,
ays and onve alternativ
h & Prime
lternative tompress was is outcome entsply) sho
[4]. With tess and o
with Figgla
d on a coman be donetching adheization. Glapattern. T
arts. A rougs formed bane endgro
d enamel in
which min
nlays in thves, i.e. ama
o amalgam launched inwas not a mowed a highe impleme
other glass
g. 2: Treatmass ceramic
mposite mae in an etesives. Thess ceramic
The bulky gh ceramic sby silaniza
oup.
nterface
nimizes ten
e posterioralgam, glas
or metal inn the 1990smatter of cogh numberentation of s ceramic
ment of teethc onlays
aterial and atch-and-rinse bond to can be etc
glass is mosurface is otion. In ge
sile loads
r region pross ionomers
Page
nlays and os. Long-termourse. Formr of fracturan adhesivbrands ha
h 16 and 17
an adhesivse mode ithe glass
ched by hydore suscepbtained.
eneral a fu
within the
ovide a nus or compos
e 2 of 22
onlays in m clinical mer glass res after ve luting as been
7 with
ve which ncluding ceramic
drofluoric ptible by
unctional
ceramic
mber of sites.
Scientif
C C
a
The1.2The boreactivedioxide matrix dwettabilcompos
Fig. 3: S
ic Documen
Ceramic is Ceramic is Due to its adaptation
e brand Monding of ce agent is a
surface (sduring curiity of the
site.
Schematic r
H2C
ntation Mon
known as bless prone stiffness a
to the rema
Monobond composites a silane mesee fig.2). Tng. Besidehydrophilic
Silane m
representat
C
H3C
C
O
H
nobond Etch
bioinert to wear andand its haraining tooth
to glass cethacrylate The remaines the chec ceramic
methacrylate
Methacryla
ion of the s
O R Si
OC
OC
H2 C CH3C
CO
h & Prime
d discoloratrdness simwalls
ceramic suwhich form
ning methacmical bondsurface fo
Sil
te silicate co
ilanization r
OCH3
CH3
CH3
CO
O R
tion milar to ena
rfaces is ams a strongcrylate grouding, the sor an easie
licate surface
ompound
reaction me
HO
HO
SiOH
OO
OSiOSiO
amel, ceram
achieved byg chemical up reacts wilanization er adaptatio
e (schematic)
echanism
O
Si
O
Si
O
i
i
Page
mic shows
y silanizatibond to thewith the coalso improon of the
c)
e 3 of 22
a good
on. The e silicon
omposite oves the
organic
Scientif
Ivoclar Vmethacand supDual CeIn 2009priming phosphoseveral
Etc1.3The coeffectivehydroflustate. Sderivativwith HFalso denUnfortuweak acand relreactivitcellular burns thpenetratissues decalcifThe higetching user.
ic Documen
Vivadent larylate and spported theement. 9 Monobon
and condoric acid mstudies [6]
ching withmbination oe bonding uoric acid fSilicon has ves are sol
F gel is an entists know nately hydrcid and caneases the ty. It reacts deaths andhat heal ve
ate through causing se
fication. gh toxic pogel is forbi
ntation Mon
aunched Mosolvent in 1
e success o
nd Plus waitioning of
methacrylate
h hydrofluof silanizatof luting co
forms a rete a high chuble and c
established the techniq
rofluoric acin burn the s
freely disswith cellula
d necrosis. Sery slowly.
all layers evere destr
otential is thdden. A saf
nobond Etch
onobond S 1991. It proof glass cer
as launcheddifferent re
e and a sulp
oric acidion and etcomposites tentive etchhemical affan be rapidmethod co
que. d is a very
skin. After pociable fluo
ar calcium aSkin contacLatent damof the epidruction, nec
he reason fer but also
h & Prime
as silanizinoved its clinramic restor
d by Ivoclaestorative sphide in on
ching of glto glass ce
hing patternfinity to fludly washed
ommonly ca
strong poispenetrating oride anionand magnesct with HF (e
mages can adermis, dercrosis and
why in somo efficient al
ng product nical efficienrations in c
ar Vivadentsubstrates. e bottle. Its
ass cerameramics [7]n by dissolvuoride ions. off with wa
arried out in
son [8] eveit moves qu
n. Fluoride sium to formeven in dilualso be obsmis and evinjuries to
me countrielternative w
composed ncy in a nuombination
t. MonobonIt contains
s efficiency
ic surfaces. The appliving silicon . The formater. Etchinthe technic
n in the disuickly into d
is very toxm insoluble te solutionsserved sincven the deethe underl
es the appwould be a g
Page
of trimethomber of stu with Vario
nd Plus alls the silanecould be p
s showed tication of aions in the
med silicon ng of glass cian laborat
ssolute statdeeper tissuxic due to salts. This
s) can causece the fluoreper subcuaying bone
plication of great benef
e 4 of 22
xypropyl udies [1] link II or
ows the e plus a proved in
he most a diluted e glassy
fluoride ceramic tory. But
e. It is a ue layers
its high induces
e painful ride ions utaneous e due to
ceramic fit for the
Scientif
Mo1.4
Fig. 4: S& Prime
ic Documen
onobond E
SEM photo e. R&D Ivoc
ntation Mon
Etch & Prim
Monoballowsstep. Ia newroughnefficiewith MEtch &streng
of the etch clar Vivaden
nobond Etch
me
bond Etch s etching anIt contains w polyfluoriness patternt for bond
Monobond S& Prime is gth tests (se
pattern of nt AG, Scha
h & Prime
& Prime ind silanizata trimethoxide for thern which is ding. The foS or Monoproved by
ee chapter 3
IPS e.max aan, FL
s a single tion of the xypropyl mee etching sless pronou
ollowing silaobond Plus.
a number 3).
Press after
bottle ceraglass cera
ethacrylate step. The unced than anization re The efficieof intra- an
application
Page
ramic primemic surfacefor silanizaetching crwith HF ge
eaction is siency of Mond extramu
n of Monobo
e 5 of 22
er which e in one
ation and reates a el but as imilar as onobond ral bond
ond Etch
Scientif
With Moluting ishydrofluXTT assproductDue to step betempera
The1.5 The app
Monobofor 20 s
Monobo
Ae
g
Monoboanother
T T A
The com Purpose Etching Silaniza
Handlin VisibilityTable 1
ic Documen
onobond Ets faster duuoric acid. Asay is with ts. The healits milder r
efore dispoature.
e mechan
plication of
ond Etch& P.
Monobond
ond Etch &
Ammoniumetching pattDue to thegenerated
ond Etch &r 10 s.
The polyfluoThe reactioA chemical
mposition of
e
ation
ng
y : Compositi
ntation Mon
tch & Primeue to less Although Ma XTT50 valu
lth risk for threactivity thosal is no
nism
Monobond
Prime is ap
Etch & Prim
Prime rema
m polyfluoridtern
e increased
& Prime is t
oride and thon between ly bond thin
f Monobond
ion of Mono
nobond Etch
e the pretreapplication
Monobond Eue of 1970.1he user is inere is no rt necessar
Etch & Prim
pplied onto
me removes
ains on the
de reacts w
d surface a
thoroughly
he reaction the silane a
n layer of sil
d Etch & Pr
obond Etch
h & Prime
eatment of steps and
Etch & Prim g/ml less
n an acceptrisk of damary. Monobo
me is linked
the luting s
s saliva and
surface for
with the cle
area a kind
washed of
products wand the actilane remain
ime reflects
Ingre
Amm
SilanmethSolv
Food& Prime
glass cerad less harm
me is corross toxic than ted level. age to sanond Etch
to its react
surface with
d silicon con
further 40 s
ean ceramic
of activati
ff with wate
with the cerave glass ce
ns.
s its purpose
edient
monium poly
ne system hacrylate vents: alcoh
d Colorant:
mic surfacemful due tosive its cyto
many of w
itary ceram& Prime i
ion mechan
h a microbr
ntaminations
s for sufficie
c surface t
on of the
er and then
amic are remeramic starts
e (table 1).
yfluoride
based on
ols and wat
Fast Green
Page
es for the ao the avoidotoxicity showell-accepte
mic. A neutris stable a
nism:
rush and is
s.
ent reaction
to achieve
ceramic su
n dried with
moved s
n trimethox
ter
n
e 6 of 22
adhesive dance of own in a ed dental
ralization at room
rubbed
.
a rough
urface is
h air for
xypropyl
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 7 of 22
Fig. 5: Structure of Ammonium polyfluoride
Ammonium polyfluoride reacts with the silicon in the glass ceramic without release of HF due to the high chemical affinity between silicon and fluoride. By 19F-NMR spectroscopy (see fig. 6) the absence of HF can be confirmed.
After the extraoral application the remaining liquid is thoroughly rinsed off. After drying a thin silane layer in molecular scale remains at the luting surface (see fig. 3), which reacts via the methacrylate group with the luting composite during curing.
Ammoniumpolyfluorid
HF
156.6ppm
165.8ppm
-120 -140 -160 -180 -200 [ppm]
Fig. 6: 19F-NMR spectrum of ammonium polyfluoride and HF (D20/EtOD). R&D Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, FL
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 8 of 22
2. Technical Data for Monobond Etch & Prime
Product Product category
Monobond Etch & Prime Primer for silica glass ceramics
Function
Substance/Component
Weight
Etchant
Ammonium polyfluoride
15 - 25 Silane
Silane methacrylate
Solvent
Alcohol and water 75 - 85
Pigment
Colourant < 1
Characteristics1 Unit Specification Example value
Bond strength2 MPa 20 493
1 Physical properties,
2 Tensile bond strength (24h), light-cured, with dual-curing resin-based dental luting material 3 IPS e.max CAD, Multilink Automix
Scientif
3. Ma
Ad3.1Monobobond bethe casin variou
Bonding(SBS) measurmeasur
Tensile measurbondingrestoratpreviousthen de
Since thdiameteeach ot
The illurestorat
Fig. 7: T
3.1.1 T R
The bonTest spas refer
To cond(IPS e.
ic Documen
aterials s
hesion toond Etch & etween the e, the bondus material
g strength and tensi
rements, therements, the
strength mrements, asg material tive materisly defined termined us
he results aer of the spher to a lim
ustration betive materia
Test specim
Tensile strR&D Ivocla
nd strength pecimens etrence.
duct the mmax CAD,
ntation Mon
science a
restorativPrime is a restorative
ding performcombinatio
is determinile bond e load is ae load is ap
easuremens they are is applied
al) accordisize is adh
sing a suita
are highly dpecimens), ited extent
elow showsals.
men for tens
rength on vr Vivadent A
of Monobotched with h
easuremenIVAG), leu
nobond Etch
and phys
ve materiabonding agmaterial (c
mance of Mons and test
ned using vstrength (pplied paraplied perpe
nts should dless depen
onto a ping to thehesively boble universa
dependent the results [9, 10].
s a typical
sile strength
various subAG, Schaan
ond Etch & hydrofluoric
ts, ceramicucite (IPS E
h & Prime
sical inve
als gent and as ceramic) and
Monobond Et conditions
various tes(TBS) are allel to the bendicular to
demonstratendent on thprepared, fe instructiononded to theal testing m
on the tesof differen
test setup
h testing
bstrates n, FL
Prime on vac acid and s
c specimenEmpress C
estigatio
such must d luting com
Etch & Prim.
t setups; omeasured
bonded surthe bonded
e less scattehe surface slat, retentions. Subseqe substrate
machine.
st setup andnt test serie
p for meas
arious cerasilanized w
s were fabCAD, IVAG)
ons
promote a mposite. Toe has been
often the shd. In shearface. In tend surface.
ering than sstructure ofon-free subquently, anblock. The
d the test pes can only
suring the
mic substraith Monobo
ricated usin), lithium m
Page
strong ando confirm thn extensivel
hear bond ar bond nsile bond
shear bond f the materbstrate blonother bloce tensile str
procedure (y be compa
tensile stre
ates was evond Plus we
ng lithium dmetasilicate
e 9 of 22
durable at this is ly tested
strength strength strength
strength rial. The ck (e.g. ck of a rength is
(e.g. the ared with
ength of
valuated. ere used
disilicate (Celtra,
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 10 of 22
Dentsply) and feldspar (Mark II, Vita) and conditioned either with 5% hydrofluoric acid gel (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel) and Monobond Plus according to the manufacturer's instructions or with Monobond Etch & Prime. Subsequently, the specimens were bonded to Multicore Flow cylinders using Variolink Esthetic (see Fig. 7: Test specimen for tensile strength testing. Whilst the reaction time required for hydrofluoric acid etching varied from material to material, Monobond Etch & Prime allowed all the ceramic samples to be conditioned using the same contact time (scrubbing for 20s; leaving to react for 40s).
To determine the aging resistance of the adhesive bond, a number of specimens were artificially aged by subjecting them to thermocycling (10,000 cycles between 5 and 55C). After thermocycling, the tensile bond strength was determined using a universal testing machine (Z010, Zwick-Roell).
Fig. 8: Tensile bond strength on different ceramic materials: Monobond Etch & Prime (MB E&P) versus Monobond Plus (MBP) with hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), both in combination with Variolink Esthetic as the luting composite. The test specimens were examined after 24-h immersion in water or after 10,000 episodes of thermocycling between 5 and 55C (10k TC).
Monobond Etch & Prime was also tested in combination with Multilink Automix on IPS e.max CAD and IPS Empress CAD samples. In this combination, Monobond Etch & Prime also showed tensile bond strength values comparable to the conventional combination of hydrofluoric acid etching plus Monobond Plus.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
e.max CAD Empress CAD Celtra Mark II
Zugh
aftu
ng [M
Pa]
Zughaftung mit Variolink Esthetic
HF/MBP 24h
HF/MBP 10kTC
MB E&P 24h
MB E&P 10kTC
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 11 of 22
Fig. 9: Tensile bond strength on different ceramic materials: Monobond Etch & Prime (MBEP) compared with Monobond Plus (MBP) and hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), both in combination with Multilink Automix as the luting composite. The test specimens were examined after 24-h immersion in water or after 10,000 thermocycles between 5 and 55C (10k TC).
Conclusion: Monobond Etch & Prime produces a similarly high aging-resistant adhesive bond on various ceramic materials as Monobond Plus after hydrofluoric acid etching.
3.1.2 Tensile strength of various adhesives and primers on IPS e.max CAD R&D Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, FL
Some manufacturers claim that their universal adhesives can generate a sufficiently strong bond to both the tooth structure and restorative material and are therefore suitable for being used as a bonding agent on ceramic materials after hydrofluoric acid etching. The bonding strength of various product combinations consisting of adhesive / primer and luting composite was examined in relation to the following products:
Manufacturer Primer / Adhesive Luting composite 3M ESPE HF Scotchbond Universal RelyX Ultimate Kerr HF Optibond XTR Nexus NX-3 BISCO HF Allbond Universal Duolink Ivoclar Vivadent HF Monobond Plus Variolink Esthetic DC
no HF Monobond Etch & Prime Table 2
The following tensile bond strength results were measured on sandblasted titanium or sandblasted & anodized titanium samples after 24 hours and after 10k TC:
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
e.max CAD Empress CAD
Tens
ile B
ond
Stre
ngth
[MPa
]Tensile Bond Strength with Multilink Automix
HF/MBP 24h
HF/MBP 10kTC
MBEP 24h
MBEP 10kTC
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 12 of 22
Fig. 10: Tensile bond strength of various adhesives and primers on IPS e.max CAD
* RU/SBU, DL/ABU: 1 debonding episode each (included as a value of 0 MPa in the mean value calculation)
** NX3/OBX: 2 debonding episodes each (with each episode being given 0 MPa in the mean value calculation)
Conclusion: The investigation has shown that Monobond Etch & Prime produces an adhesive bond that is similarly strong and reliable as the bond established with Monobond Plus after hydrofluoric acid etching. By contrast, the universal adhesives resulted in a clearly weaker adhesive bond with spontaneous bond rupturing occurring in some samples in the course of thermocycling.
3.1.3 Shear bond strength of various adhesives and primers on IPS e.max CAD R&D Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, FL
Similar to the tensile bond strength investigation described in Section 3.1.2, the shear bond strength was also evaluated in a comparison with other systems. The following adhesives / primers and luting composites were tested:
Manufacturer Primer / Adhesive Luting composite3M ESPE HF Scotchbond Universal RelyX Ultimate Kerr HF Optibond XTR Nexus NX-3 BISCO HF Allbond Universal Duolink Ivoclar Vivadent HF Monobond Plus Multilink Automix
no HF Monobond Etch & Prime Table 3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
VariolinkEstethicMonobondPlus
RelyxUltimateScotchbondUniversal
NexusNX3OtpibondXTR
DuolinkAllbondUniversal
VariolinkEstethicMonobondEtch&Prime
Tensile
Bond
Strength
[MPa
]TensileBondStrengthone.maxCAD
initial 10kThermocycles
Scientif
Fig. 11:Monobo
ConclustrengthMonoboadhesivthermoc
3.1.4 S M
The sheby Proftest spedirectly use diffe
Fig. 12:(MBP) o
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
SBS
(24h
) [M
Pa]
0
10
20
30
40
50
ShearB
ondS
tren
gth[
MPa
]
ic Documen
Shear bonond Plus (H
sion: The h investigatond Plus aves - excecycling.
Shear bondM. Irie, Oka
ear bond st. Irie at Okaecimens accompared
erent metho
Shear bonon IPS e.ma
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MonoEtch&
Multilink
Shea
0
0
0
0
0
0
ntation Mon
d strength oF) and vario
shear bondtion: the hi
and Monoboept for S
d strength ayama Univ
rength of Mayama Univccording to with the sh
ods.
d strength vax CAD.
obond&Primek Automix
M
M
ar Bon
30min
Shear
nobond Etch
on IPS e.maous univers
d strength iighest and ond Etch &cotchbond
on IPS e.mersity, Japa
Monobond Eversity. TheISO TR 1
hear bond s
value of Mo
Monobond Plus
Multilink Automix
nd StreSBS
rBondS
h & Prime
ax CAD: cosal adhesive
nvestigationmost relia
& Prime. TUniversal
max CAD an
Etch & Prime bond stre1405: 2003strength va
onobond Etc
s
x
Optibon
NX
ngth oS (24h, 37C
1d
Strength
omparison oes
n showed aable bond sThe adhesiv
failed
e on IPS ength values
3 [11, 12]. lues obtain
ch & Prime
nd XTR
-3
All
on IPS eC) SBS
h
of Monobond
a similar picstrengths wve bonds o
to withst
.max CAD ws were deteHence, theed in other
(MBEP) an
Bond UniversalDuolink
e.max CS (10kTC)
MBEP
MBP
Page
d Etch & Pr
cture as thewere achievof all the utand stress
was also exermined on e results car investigati
nd Monobon
l Scotchbond URelyX Ult
CAD
13 of 22
rime,
e tensile ved with universal sing by
xamined 3.6-mm
annot be ons that
nd Plus
Universaltimate
Scientif
Also in bond stand afte
3.1.5 CTensile clearly materia
Etc3.2Monoboof etchinstep proreactionsurface reaction
3.2.1 S R
The etccomparinvestigCAD, IVfeldsparPrime asamplessurfaces
Table 4
Ce
IPS e.
IPS Em
C
M
Table 4
ic Documen
this study Mtrength valuer 24 hours.
Conclusionand shearbetter suitls than univ
ching effeond Etch & ng with diluocedure. In n time of hy
structure. Bn time for al
Scanning eR&D Ivocla
ching effectred by meagation, surfaVAG), leucr (Mark II, Vaccording ts were rinss were ana
lists the ce
eramic
.max CAD
mpress CAD
Celtra
Mark II
ntation Mon
Monobond Eues on IPS.
n r bond streted for proversal adhe
ct of MonoPrime replated hydrofluthe proces
ydrofluoric aBy contrastl ceramic m
electron mr Vivadent A
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Page
comparativnt after 30
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40s.
was examinn. To condsilicate (IPS(Celtra, De
r Monobonder. In addit Subseque
14 of 22
vely high minutes
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rocedure a single-ses. The ropitious he same
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ently, the
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 15 of 22
Fig. 13: SEM images of glass-ceramic samples after conditioning with hydrofluoric acid or Monobond Etch & Prime Monobond Etch & Prime produced a clear etching pattern on all the ceramic materials investigated; the etching effect, however, was less pronounced than the etching effect of hydrofluoric acid. Although the etching effect of Monobond Etch & Prime is weaker than that of hydrofluoric acid, it is still strong enough to produce sufficient microretention for a reliable adhesive bond, as confirmed by the bond strength measurements (see Section 3.1)
Without conditioning Monobond Etch & Prime (60s)
IPS Ceramic Etching Gel ((reaction time b/w 20 -
60s, depending on material; acc. to IfU)
IPS e.max CAD
IPS Empress CAD
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Mark II
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3.2.2 M R
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16 of 22
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Fig. 15:Etch & P
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17 of 22
nobond
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20
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have an etan irritating
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19 of 22
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n & Prime cond cause senemely rare ed composiconditions ayed gloveson to such c
s: Etch & Primnature of Mo etch glass
of the exth the patienEtch & Pr
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shown that nstructions y potential
al data er A. Cytot4. A. Salmonert No. 1626Cell muta
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nobond Etch
has been cots are not arial's etchingetching effeoric acid, wuse of hydrces.
ntains methnsitization, win patients te material nd avoiding, made of
compounds
me is slightlyMonobond Es-ceramic mtraoral applnt. rime contai
wever, are exinformationoxic.
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Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 21 of 22
5. References [1] R. Frankenberger, M. Taschner, F. Garcia-Godoy, A. Petschelt, N. Krmer: Leucit-reinforced glass ceramic inlays and onlays after 12 years; J. Adhes. Dent. 10, 393 (2008)
[2] A. A. Galiatsatos, D. Bergou: Six-year clinical evaluation of ceramic inlays and onlays; Quintessence Int. 39, 407 (2008)
[3] P. C. G, C. F. Selz, A. Voulgarakis, S. Stampf, C. F. Stappert: Prospective clinical study of press-ceramic overlap and full veneer restorations: 7-year results; Int. J. Prosthodont. 27,355 (2014)
[4] R. Stenberg, L. Matsson: Clinical evaluation of glass ceramic inlays (Dicor); Acta Odontol. Scand. 51, 91 (1993)
[5] A. Della Bona, J. R. Kelly: The clinical success of all-ceramic restorations; J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 139, 8S (2008)
[6] A. Attia, M. Kern: Long-term resin bonding to zirconia ceramic with a new universal primer; J. Prosthet. Dent. 105, 319 (2011)
[7] X. F. Meng, K. Yoshida, N. Gu: Chemical adhesion rather than mechanical retention enhances resin bond durability of a dental glass-ceramic with leucite crystallites; Biomed. Mater. 5, 044101 (2010)
[8] M. zkan, A. Allahbeickaraghi, M. Dndr: Possible hazardous effects of hydrofluoric acid and recommandations for treatment approach: a review; Clin. Oral. Invest. 16, 15 (2012)
[9] S.D. Heintze, V. Rousson (2011). Pooling of dentin microtensile bond strength data improves clinical correlation. J Adhes Dent 13:107-10.
[10] S.S .Scherrer, P.F. Cesar, M.V. Swain (2010). Direct comparison of the bond strength results of the different test methods: a critical literature review. Dent Mater 26:e78-93.
[11] M. Irie, Y. Maruo, G. Nishigawa, K. Suzuki, D.C. Watts (2010). Physical properties of dual-cured luting-agents correlated to early no interfacial-gap incidence with composite inlay restorations. Dent Mater 26:608-15.
[12] E.C Munksgaard, M. Irie, E. Asmussen (1985). Dentin-polymer bond promoted by Gluma and various resins. J Dent Res 64:1409-11.
[13] L. Xiaoping, R. Dongfeng, N. Silikas; Dent. Mater. 30, e330 (2014)
Scientific Documentation Monobond Etch & Prime Page 22 of 22
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Ivoclar Vivadent AG Research & Development Scientific Services Bendererstrasse 2 FL - 9494 Schaan Liechtenstein Contents: Dr. Thomas Vlkel and Dr. Erik Braziulis Edition: March 2015