Monday: http://jewfaq.org/liturgy.htm

Mourning

• Different periods of mourning.

• Decreasing intensity.

1- “ANINUIT: from death to funeral.

• “Positive” commandments annulled.

• Symbolic meal for the close family

2. “Shiva” “SEVEN” days

• Immediate family

• Family sits on low stools or on floor.

• Luxury items put away.

Shiva

• Mourning suspended at important festivals.

• Sabbath in mourning.

Shloshim (Thirty)

• End of “7” period to thirtieth day since burial.

• Parties, music etc. forbidden.

Avelut

• A year after the death of parents

• Parties, music etc. avoided,

• First 11 months, mourner recites KADDISH prayer every day.

Anniversary of parents death remembered

• After a year, formal mourning is forbidden.

• Prayers may still be made on festival days.

Day to DayWeek to WeekYear to Year

Ritual Time is cyclical

Sabbath / Shabbat(Shabbas)

• Genesis 2:1-3 Thus the heavens and the earth were completed, and all their hosts. On the seventh day God completed the work He had been doing, and He ceased on the seventh day from all His work which He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God ceased from all the work of creation that he had done.

Shabbat

• The 7th day is the first thing in the Bible that God calls “Holy”.

• “Seven” is a symbolic number.

When is Shabbat?• “There was evening, and there was

morning, the first day”

• Friday evening.

– 18 minutes before sunset

to

• Sat. night

– when 3 stars are visible (40 min. after sunset).

Importance:

• "If the Children of Israel would observe one Shabbat properly, the Mashiach would immediately come"

(B. Talmud: Taanit 1,1)

• “Shabbat has kept Israel more than Israel has kept Shabbat” (common proverb)

Idea of Shabbat

• To refrain from creative, purposeful activity.

• God rested, so should people.

No work.

• 39 classes of work forbidden.

• Tabernacle (Shrine) building

• Observe a Day of tranquility, peace

A taste of “the world to come”

• Shabbat liturgy: No requests to god to prepare worshippers for the Messiah

• On Shabbat, one must life as if Messiah is already here.

Sabbath is a brideSHEKINAH

• Shabbat is “queen of all creation”.

• Queen Sabbath wed Israel.

• Biblical book: “Song of Songs” is read.

Main parts of Shabbat

• Home: Welcoming Shabbat

– Synagogue for Friday evening (Men)

• Home: Friday night

– Synagogue: Everyone: Sat morning

• Home: Havdalah: closing.

This week:

Candlelighting: Montreal: 6:42

Toronto: 7:02

Havdalah: Montreal: 7:42 Toronto: 8:09

• Torah Reading: Deut. 29:9-30:20 Nitzavim

Welcoming Shabbat

• Women typically light 2 candles and then give the blessing. “Let there be light”

• Challa bread

• Wine

Welcoming Shabbat: Family Festival

Challa

Havdalah

• Separation

• A return to “normal” time.

Holy time

• Shabbat as a “Time out of Time”

Issues

• How much “work” is allowed?

• What technology is permitted?

• Cars?

• Electricity?

• How far can one go?