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• Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering
Yingxiao Wang
Beckman 4261 x36727 [email protected]
http://imaging.bioen.uiuc.edu/yingxiao_wang/classes.htm
• Objective
To introduce the cutting-edge engineering technologies applied in the molecular and cellular
biology research, i.e. how can the properties of genes, molecules, and cells be monitored,
measured, manipulated, and modeled to advance our understanding of the complex biological
system.
• Cells
• Genomes
• Genomes Control Cellular Functions
• Molecules
• Reactions between Molecules
Introduction
Summary 1
•DNA (linear information) ->RNA (different forms, linear and 3D) ->Protein (Linear and 3D)•Replication, Transcription, Translation•DNA and RNA, phosphate+sugar+base•DNA, Double Helix, AGTC•RNA, tRNA, mRNA (AGUC), rRNA•RNA and Protein, Various 3D structures•Protein, enzyme, structure supports, regulation of DNAs•Lipids, cell membrane
Eucaryotic genomes are large and rich in regulatory
DNAs, which can sense environmental signals and regulate cellular products
and functionsEnvironment and Cellular
Functions and Fate
Yeast: the Simplest Eucaryote Cell ModelGenome small, cell cycle rapid (almost the same as bacteria)
Multicellular Animal Model Systems and the Ultimate Goal-Human Beings
C-eleganDrosophila
Cell cycle, apoptosiscompartmentalization
Cell cycle short (days), genome simple (single gene controlling one phenotype)
Mutational Genesis to Find Gene Functions in Model SystemsRedundancy and overlapping of gene functions (the
complexity of model studies)
Summary 2
•Gene Alterations: mutation, duplication, segment shuffling, horizontal transfer•Procaryote (bacteria and Archaea) and Eucaryotes (nucleus)•The structure and development of Eucaryotes (predators)•Large Genome and sophiscated gene regulation (Environment effects on Gene expressions)•Single cell model system: yeast•Multicelullar Model systems: c elegans, drosophila, mouse, human being •Complexity of Gene mutagenesis