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NEWSLETTERcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j uÕska w¾O jd¾Isl j m%ldYhg m;a lrkq ,nk ikao¾N mqj;a iÕrdfõ m<uq l,dmhg mKsúvhla ksl=;a lsÍug ,eîu .ek b;d i;=gq fjñ' fuu mqj;a iÕrdj m%ldYhg m;a lsÍfï uQ,sl wruqK jkafka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha ld¾hNdrh ms<sn| j thg iïnkaO ish¨ md¾Yajlrejka iuÕ M,odhS ixjdohlg bvyir ,nd .ekSu hs'

cd;sfha orejkaf.a wOHdmkh ms<sn| j.lSu ork wms ish¨ fokd tl u wruqKlska Tjqkaf.a fyg oji jvd;a wdf,dalj;a lsÍug tldjka j fjfyfikafkuq' tu i;a ld¾hhg" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfhka úIhud,d kùlrKh yd ixj¾Okh" wOHdmk l<ukdlrejkaf.a isg .=rejreka olajd jQ wOHdmk fCIa;%fha md¾Yajlrejkaf.a Odß;d ixj¾Okh iy wOHdmkh ms<sn`o m¾fhaIK yd kùlrKh isÿ lsÍu ;=<ska odhl;ajh iemfha' tfia isÿ lrkq ,nk ld¾h ms<sn`o j ±kqj;a lrk fuu mqj;a i`.rdjg udf.a iqNdIsxYk msßkuk w;r u ta i`oyd odhl jQ ish¨ fokdg mqj;a i`.rdj wLKavj m< lsÍu i`oyd Yla;sh yd ffO¾h ,efíjdhs m%d¾:kd lrñ'

wOHdmkfha Ydia;%Sh yd jD;a;Sh ixj¾Okh we;s lsÍfï wruq‚ka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh msysgqjkq ,enqfõ 1985 wxl 28 ork md¾,sfïka;= mk;sks' mk;g wkqj cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha mrud¾: jkafka"

• úIhNdr wud;Hjrhd fj; wOHdmk m%;sm;a;s ie,iqï ms<sn| j Wmfoia §u • úfYaIs; wOHdmk lafIa;% i|yd mYapd;a Wmdê mdGud,d l%shd;aul lsÍu • cd;sl wOHdmk l%uh flfrys n,mEï we;slrk iudcuh" wd¾Ól yd fjk;a lafIa;%" wkdjrKh lr .ekSu i|yd m¾fhaIK lsrSu • m¾fhaIK wkdjrK iy kùk ;dlaI‚l l%u Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka wOHdmk l%shdj,sfha kùlrK we;s lsÍu • wOHdmk lafIa;%fha kshe,s jD;a;slhkaf.a jD;a;Sh ksmqK;ajh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd wjYH úê úOdk ie,eiaùu • wOHdmk ld¾h yd iïnkaO úfYaI{ fiajd ,nd§u • wud;Hjrhdf.a wkque;sh ,o wOHdmk ixj¾Ok jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍu • iudk wruqKq we;s fjk;a wdh;k iu. iïnkaOSlrkh

fuu ld¾h ksis mßÈ bgq lsÍu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh i;=j mSG myla iy wxY tlla hgf;a fomd¾;fïka;= 25 la iy tall 10 la mj;S' ta w;ßka m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=jg jeo.;a ld¾hNdrhla mejÍ ;sfí'

m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=fjka bgqjk by; i`oyka i;r wdldr N+ñldj,g wod< j jd¾Isl j ls%hd;aul lrk ls%hdldrlï w;r iS'ví,sõ'ví,sõ' lkakka.r wkqiaurK foaYkh meje;aùu" m¾fhaIK l%ufõoh ms<sn| j mdGud,d meje;aùu fukau cd;sl wOHdmk l%uh flf¾ n,mEï we;s lrk lafIa;% iïnkaO úúO m¾fhaIK meje;aùu o isÿ flf¾'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh - m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j

;dlaIK wOHdmkfha kj uxfm;a

Progress of the project on Bilingual Educationcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ;=< msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallhlaisxy, NdIdj yd idys;H b.ekaùug ixhqla; ;eá folla

mdi, mokï lr.;a l;afiarelrK l%ufõofha bÈßh ;SrKh lsÍu i`oyd WmfoaYl iNdjla

.=re wOHdmkfha ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ;lafiarelrKh

iuia; mdi,a úIhud,dj wdY%s; j wOHhkhg ,la úh hq;= m¾fhaIK fCIaa;%

13jk fY%aKsfha isiqkaf.ka 72% wjika jdrfha § mdi,a fkdt;swOHdmk fCIa;%fha fuf;la lr we;s mYapdoa Wmdê ksnkaOk kdudj,shlafi!kao¾h úIh Y%jH oDYH ixhqla; ;eá fm<la

kj;u mqj;a

wOHlaI ckrd,a;=ñhf.ka ' ' '

wOHdmk yd m¾fhaIK mqj;a

M,odhs ixjdohla fjkqfjka

wdrdOkd

N I E

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh, uyr.u

2018 ckjdß - cqks

m<uq fj`Mu m<uq l,dmh

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j

ld,Sk wOHdmksl .eg¨ wdY%h lr .ksñka m¾fhaIKj,

ksr; ùu

m¾fhaIK wê úYaf,aIKh

m¾fhaIK i|yd myiqlï ie,iSu m¾fhaIK wkdjrK m%p,s; lsÍu

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mdi,a orejka ;=< ˜jev f,dalhg iQodkï ùfï uQ,sl ksmqK;d˜ ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j u`.ska oaú;Shsl wOHdmkfha úúO wjê hgf;a ;dlaIK úIhh .Kkdjla y÷kajd § ;sfí' tfuka u tu úIh mdi,a uÜgñka l%shd;aul jk ;;a;aj ms<sn| j ksrka;rfhka fidhd n,ñka wjYH hdj;ald,Sk lghq;= lrñka cd;sl wOHdmk fmdÿ wruqKq bgq lr .ekSu Wfoid iqúYd, jQ ld¾hNdrhla bgq lrñka isà'

Wiia fm<g kj úIhOdrdjlal,d WmdêOdÍkaf.a ú/lshdj by< hdug uQ,sl u fya;=j ù we;af;a" l,d WmdêOdÍka i;= ksmqK;d iy /lshd fj<|fmd< úiska b,a,d isák ksmqK;d w;r mj;sk fkd.e<mSu hs' tfia u l,d úIhOdrdfjka Wiia fm<g we;=<;a jk isiqka ixLHdj jd¾Isl j by< hdu ú/lshdj ;j ;j;a W.% ùug n,md we;s m%Odk idOlhls' ta i|yd ms<shula jYfhka oekg Wiia fm< mj;sk úIhOdrdj,g wu;r j" ˜;dlaIK-fõoh˜ kñka kj úIhOdrdjla 2013 jif¾ § Wiia fm<g y÷kajd ÿkafka ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ mQ¾K ueÈy;a ùfuks' tu`.ska l,d úIhOdrdjg jd¾Isl j tla jk isiqkaf.a ixLHdj l%ufhka wvq lsÍu;a ;dlaIKfõoh" úoHd iy jd‚c úIhOdrdjkag we;=<;a jk isiqka ixLHdj jeä lsrSu;a wfmalaId flß‚'Wiia fm< ;dlaIKfõoh úIhOdrdj hgf;a ˜bxðfkare ;dlaIKfõoh˜ iy ˜ffcj iïm;a ;dlaIKfõoh˜ f,i úIh folla mdi,a moaO;shg y÷kajd fok ,È' uq,a jgfha § mdi,a 250l wdrïN lrk ,o úIhOdrdj" fï jk úg mdi,a 380lg jHdma; lsÍug ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j" wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iu`. tla ù lghq;= lr we;'fï jk úg Wiia fm< ;dlaIKfõoh úIhOdrdj isiqka w;r ckm%sh úIhOdrdjla njg m;a fjñka mj;S^j.=j 1'1&'

Table 1.1 Number of Students enrolled for G.C.E. (A/L) Technology Stream (by year) Years of enrollment Number of Students Eng.Tech. Biosys.Tech. Grand Total

2013 8,117 4,924 13,041 2014 10,308 6,439 16,747 2015 7,235 4,271 11,506 2016 9,982 6,993 16,975

Source: Ministry of Education

úYajúoHd," ld¾ñl úoHd, iu`. w;aje,a ne| .ksñka ch.%dyS b,lal fj; ;dlaIKfõoh úIhOdrdj y÷kajd§u;a iu`. u úYd, wNsfhda.hla jQfha .=rejrekaf.a Odß;d ixj¾Okh i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ;=< myiqlï iSudiys; ùu hs' tfy;a" úYajúoHd," ld¾ñl úoHd, iy fjk;a fm!oa.,sl wxYj, iyNd.s;ajh we;s j wNsfhda. ch .ksñka ish .=re mqyqKqfõ b,lalhka id¾:l j bgq lr .ekSug ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jg yels úh'

bxðfkare ;dlaIKfõoh ms<sn| j wOHdmkfõ§ Wmdêhlaoekg bxðfkare ;dlaIKfõoh` W.kajk .=rejrekaf.a jD;a;Sh ixj¾Okh Wfoid cd;sl iy fm!oa.,sl úYajúoHd, y;rl iyNd.s;ajh we;s j bxðfkare ;dlaIK-fõoh ms<sn| j wOHdmkfõ§ Wmdêh yeoEÍu i|yd .=rejreka 300lg muK wjia:dj i,id § we;' tu`.ska o ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka wod< lafIa;%fhka .=rejreka n,jka;lrKh lsÍfuka isiqkaf.a idOk uÜgu by< oeóu h'

;dlaIKfõoh ms<sn| j m%:u jrg isjq jirl wOHdmkfõ§ Wmdêhlafï jk úg" ;dlaIKfõoh úIhOdrdj yodrk isiqkag Wiia wOHdmkfha ksï j<¨ mq¿,a fjñka mj;sk w;r úYajúoHd, wOHdmk wjia:d fkd,efnk isiqkag ;dlaIKfõoh ms<sn| j isjq jirl wOHdmkfõ§ Wmdêhla msßkeóu i|yd ;dlaIKfõoh ms<sn| j cd;sl wOHdmk úoHdmSGhla l=,shdmsáh m%foaYfha ia:dms; lsÍug lghq;= iQodkï lrñkaa mj;S' ta i|yd wjYH jHdmD;s jd¾;d ieliSu fuka u úIh ks¾foaY ilia lsÍu i|yd o ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j ish Ydia;%Sh odhl;ajh ,nd foñka isáhs'

;dlaIKfõoh úIhOdrdj ms<sn| j miq úmrulamdi,a moaO;shg y÷kajd fok ,o ;dlaIK úIh ms<sn| j fidhd n,ñka" tajdfha Yla;Ska iy ÿ¾j,;d y÷kd.ekSu i|yd ksrka;rfhka m¾fhaIKhkays kshe,Su ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ m%Odk Ydia;%Sh wx.hla fõ' uE;l § isÿ lrk ,o iy bÈßfha § isÿ lsÍug wfmalaIs; m¾fhaIK lsysmhla my;ska oelafõ' fuu m¾fhaIK wkdjrK mokï lr .ksñka m¾fhaIKd;aul mokulska ;dlaIK úIh ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd m%uqL;ajh §u fomd¾;fïka;=fõ tla m%Odk wruqKla fõ'• 2013 jif¾ § Wiia fm<g y÷kajd fok ,o bxðfkare ;dlaIKfõoh úIhfha j¾;udk ;;a;ajh ms<sn| wOHhkh • Study on Current Status of the Bio systems Technology Subject Introduced in 2013

• Study on Current Status of the Science for Technology Subject Introduced in 2013• Private Sector Consultation on Current trends of job opportunity in Bio systems Technology ( Basis for the Revision of Biosystems Technology subject 2016)• Wiia fm< ffcjmoaO;s ;dlaIKfõohg wod< m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlï lsÍfï § uqyqK mdk .eg¨" Bg fhdackd iy úi÷ï fiùu ^fhdað;&• Wiia fm< ;dlaIKfõoh i|yd úoHdj kj úIh ks¾foaYfha kj m%jK;d iy .eg¨ ms<sn| úuid ne,Su ^fhdað;&

13 jirl iy;sl l< wOHdmk jevms<sfjf<ys úIhhka 26 ka úIhhka 11 la.re w.%dud;H;=udf.a iy .re wOHdmk weu;s;=udf.a ixl,amhlg wkqj 2017 jif¾ isg rg mqrd f;dard .;a mdi,a 193l kshduk uÜgñka fï jk úg wdrïN lr we;s 13 jirl wLKav wOHdmk jevms<s-fj< hgf;a y÷kajd § we;s jD;a;Sh úIh 26ka ;dlaIK wOHdmkh iy lDIs yd ksIam-dok ;dlaIKfõoh hk lafIa;%j,ska úIh 11l u úIhud,d ixj¾Ok ld¾hhka bgq lrñka isákafka o ;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j jk w;r wod< .=re mqyqKq jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd o iQodkñka isà'

˜wmg;a mq¨jka˜ kj ks¾udK m%o¾Ykh mdi,a ;,fha § ;dlaIK wOHdmkfha msúiqï fodrgqj jkafka 6-9 fY%a‚j, m%dfhda.sl yd ;dlaI‚l l=i,;d úIh hs' m%dfhda.sl yd ;dlaI‚l l=i,;d úIh jHdmD;sh u`.ska reyqKq cd;sl wOHdmk úoHdmSGfha .Dy wd¾Ól úoHd iy uyr.u cd;sl wOHdmk úoHdmSGfha jHjidhl;aj iy l<ukdlrK hk mdGud,d yodrk YslaIK,dNSka i|yd ˜úoHdmSG YslaIK,dNSka iajYla;sh flfrys we;s lr .kakd jQ úYajdih u; M,odhS f,i kj ks¾udK flfrys fhduq lsÍu˜ hk f;audj mokï lr .ksñka m%dfhda.sl jevuq¿ folla 2017 j¾Ifha § mj;ajk ,È' tu jevuq¿ wjidkfha ˜wmg;a mq¿jka˜ hk uefhka YslaIK,dNSka úiska ks¾udK m%o¾Ykhla mj;ajk ,os' bka n,dfmd-frd;a;= jQfha o .=rejreka f,i fyg ojfia mdi,g meñfKk úoHdmSG YslaIK,dNSkaf.a ks¾udKYS,S yelshd ixj¾Okh lsÍu;a m%dfhda.sl yd ;dlaI‚l l=i,;d úIhh flf¾ Wkkaÿjla we;s lsÍu;a h'

úIhud,dj úIhud,dj úIhud,dj úIhud,dj úIhud,djCurriculum;dlaIK wOHdmkfha kj uxfm;a

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Researchers working in the field defined Bilingual Education(BE) in various ways. However, close examination of these definitions reveals that BE involves more than one language to teach non language subjects. To put it simply BE involves instruction in two or more languages. Its importance has made it an inevitable education-al approach in the 21st century. The main purpose of BE is promoting learners' subject competency while enriching the communication as a key competency. The commencement of regular work at the National Institute of Education can be read as 2007. Since this is entirely new educational approach, teachers and students face many problems. Teaching and learning is considered a challenging task for teachers and students. To remedy the situation, the project on BE, though it is poor at its resource, has contributed a lot in its curriculum planning and implementation with the resource pool established under its different facets. The activities which have been engaged in since 2007 are listed below. 1. School and cluster based BE Development programme 2. In-house school BE Development programme 3. Teacher Development Resource pool 4. Action research pool 5. Newsletter on BE 6. Quality circles and discussion circles 7. Newspaper articles 8. National BE Curricular Architecture 9. Participating conferences, reviewing and publishing

Progress of the project on Bilingual Education, National Institute of Education

research locally, internationaly. Sources available in our Some of the important web site are given below to make readers aware about the resources. (www.nie.lk) 1. BE principles in terms of its Sri Lanka friendly language planning principles in Education(2007) 2. Sri Lankan BE teacher with the dual role and BE learner.(2007) 3. Instructional design under BE in line with Content Language Integrated Learning(CLIL)and theoretical base behind it 4. How to write competencies under BE addressing CLIL(2012) 5. Model lesson plans (2012) 6. Criterion referenced performance standards in line with CLIL 7. Classroom observation sheets(2012)

msßfjka wOHdmkh iïnkaO j cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha ueÈy;a ùu iy ld¾hNdrh ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a lsÍug wjia:dj i,iñka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ;=< msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallhla miq.sh od ia:dms; lrk ,os'

ckdêm;s ffu;%smd, isßfiak uy;df.a uQ,sl;ajfhka mej;s fn!oaO nqoaê uKav, idlÉPdjl § msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Okh lsÍu iy mßfõKdpd¾hjreka mqyqKq lsÍu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha iyfhda.h ,nd.ekSu iïnkaO j bÈßm;a jQ fhdackdjl m%;sM,hla f,i" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha md,l iNdfõ wkqu;sfhka fuu tallh cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha msysgjkq ,eìK' cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=fõ fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h mQcH l=l=rïfmd< [dKúu, ysñhkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=jg wkqhqla; j msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallfha bÈß lghq;= isÿ flfrhs' ta wkqj wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha msßfjka wOHdmk YdLdj iuÕ iïnkaO ù uQ,sl msßfjka iy uy msßfjka i|yd wjYH úIhud,d" úIh ks¾foaY" .=re ud¾f.damfoaY ieliSu yd fm<fmd;a iïmdokhg msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallh iyfhda.h ,nd§ug kshñ; hs' tfiau mßfõKdpd¾hjreka mqyqKq lsÍu o fuu tallh uÕska isÿ flfrk w;r tys iudrïNl mshjrla f,i w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& kj úIh ks¾foaYhg wod< j mßfõKdpd¾hjreka mqyqKq lsÍfï lghq;= o Èjhsfka ish¨ m<d;a we;=<;a jk mßÈ fï jk úg;a wjika lr ;sfnhs'

.=re ud¾f.damfoaY ilia lsÍu i|yd wjYH úfYaI{ iydh yd wëlaIK ld¾hhka wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha msßfjka wOHdmk YdLdj fj; ,nd§u o fï jif¾ isg msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallh uÕska isÿ lsÍug kshñ; h' ta wkqj bÈßfha § úIhud,d ilia lsÍfï yd mßfõKdpd¾hjreka mqyqKq lsÍfï lghq;= iïnkaO j mQ¾K j.lSu orkq ,nkafka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha msßfjka wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallh hs'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ;=<

úIhud,d ixj¾Ok tallhla msßfjka wOHdmk

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;Hh bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh id¾:l lr.ekSu i|yd bf.kqï wdOdrlhla f,i fhdod .; yels mßÈ ilia l< ixhqla; ;eá folla cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;k-fha isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ksIamdokh lrkq ,en we;'

tla ixhqla; ;eáhla 6"7"8 iy 9 fY%a‚ isxy, NdIdj yd idys;Hh fm<fmd;aj,g wod< j f;dard .;a mdvï i|yd ks¾udKh lr we;s w;r wfkla ixhqla; ;eáh 10" 11 fYa%‚ isxy, idys;Hh ix.%yh fm<fmdf;a f;dard .;a mdvï i|yd ks¾udKh lr we;'

fuu ixhqla; ;eá i|yd r;akd ,d,kS chfldä" iuka f,kska" wð;a l%sIdka; fiarï jeks m%ùK l,d Ys,amSkaf.aa fuka u <ud Ys,amSkaf.a ks¾udKd;aul odhl;ajh ,eî we;'

fuu ixhqla; ;eá cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m%ldYk .nvdfjka ñ, § .ekSug yels h'

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;Hh b.ekaùug ixhqla; ;eá (CD) folla

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mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK l%ufha j¾;udk ;;a;ajh .eUqßka i,ld n,ñka fuu l%ufõoh m%;sixúOdkh lsÍu" bj;a lsÍu fyda kj l%uhla y÷kajd §u i|yd úoaj;a WmfoaYl iNdjla m;a l< hq;= njg uE;l § lrk ,o m¾fhaIKhla uÕska fhdackd lr ;sfí' Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a moaO;sfhys l%shd;aul jk mdi, mokï lr.;a we.hSï jevigyfka l%shd;aul iajNdjh wOHhkh lsÍfï wruq‚ka f;dard.;a m<d;a 4l .=rejreka 180 fokl= yd isiqka 180 fokl= wdY%fhka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska fuu m¾fhaIKh ls%hd;aul lr we;' m¾fhaIK jd¾;dfjka jeäÿrg;a fmkajd fokafka mdi, uÜgfï isg cd;sl ;,h olajd iuia; wOHdmk moaO;sh u úNd. flakaøSh wdl,amhlska miq ùu iy .=rejreka fï l%ufõoh ms<sn| RK wdl,amhlska miqùu u; fujeks ;;a;ajhla Woa.; ù we;s nj hs' fuu fhdackd o ie,ls,a,g .ksñka mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK l%ufõoh iïnkaO fjkialï /ila fï jk úg wOHdmk moaO;sfha isÿfjñka mj;S'

m¾fhaIKh ksheÈh f;dard.ekSfï § niakdysr" uOHu" inr.uqj iy kefÕkysr m<d;aj, fld<U" uykqjr" kqjrt<sh" lE.,a," wïmdr hk Èia;%slal f;dard f.k ;sfí' mdi,a f;dardf.k we;af;a Y%S chj¾Okmqr" uykqjr" .ïfmd<" yegka" lE.,a," foys´úg" udjke,a," iuka;=frhs hk l,dmj,sks' tys § tla m<d;lska 1AB mdi,a 3la o" 1C mdi,a 4la yd 2 j¾.fha mdi,a 2la o jYfhka mdi,a kjhla f;dard f.k we;' ta wkqj m¾fhaIK ksheÈhg m<d;a y;frka mdi,a 36la we;=<;a úh'

.=re ksheÈh i|yd tla mdi,lska w'fmd'i' idudkH fm< mka;sj, yr úIh jk .‚;h" úoHdj" isxy,$fou<" b;sydih iy bx.%Sis W.kajk .=rejreka mia fofkl= ne.ska mdi,a 36ka .=rejre 180 fofkla f;dard .ekqKy'

YsIH ksheÈh i|yd tl mdi,lska 11 jeks fY%a‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqka mia fofkl= ne.ska mdi,a 36ka isiqyq 180la f;dard .ekqKy' óg wu;r j .‚;h" úoHdj" b;sydih" yd isxy, NdIdj hk úIhj,g wod< úIhud,d iïmdolfhda isjq fofkla o ksheÈh i|yd f;dard .ekqKy'

m¾fhaIKfha § wjOdkh fhduq l< lreKq• mdi,a moaO;sfha l%shd;aul jk mdi, mokï lr .;a we.hSï jevms<sfjf<ys j¾;udk l%shd;aul iajNdjh y÷kd.ekSu• tys l%shd;aulNdjh ms<sn| j .=rejrekaf.a ixcdkk úuid ne,Su• mdi,a ;,fha mdi, mokï lr.;a we.hSï jevms<sfj< l%shd;aul lsÍfï § u;= jk .eg¨ úuid ne,Su

.=rejreka úiska fhdod .kq ,nk mdi,a mdol ;lafiarelrK l%u Ys,am.=rejreka nyq;rh Ndú; l< ckm%sh we.hSï l%uYs,am ù we;af;a ,sÅ; wxYhg nr jQ we.hSï l%uYs,am hs' tkï lKavdhï l%shdldrlï" flá ,sÅ; mÍlaIK" mejreï yd újD; .%ka: mÍlaIK hs' .=rejreka iq¿;rhla msßi isiqkaf.a ks¾udKd;aul l=i,;d wjÈ jk l%u Ys,am fhdod .ks;s' tkï idlÉPd uKav," jHdmD;s" .fõIK" m%o¾Yk" újdo" ixl,am is;shu" iïuka;%K" oaú;aj igyka c¾k, yd iólaIK hs' m%Yak úia;rd;aul jevigyka" ks¾udKd;aul l%shdldrlï" Y%jK mÍlaIK" l:kh yd ì;a;s mqj;am;a hk l%u o .=rejrekaf.ka 50]lg jeä m%udKhla Ndú; lr we;'

mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK ls%hdj,sfha § .=rejreka Ndú; lrk l%u Ys,am'

;lafiarejg Ndú; lrk l%u Ys,am uq`M .Kk m%;sY;h • lKavdhï l%shdldrlï 143 79'44 • flá ,sÅ; mrSCId 140 77'77 • mejreï 138 76'66 • újD; .%ka: mrSCIK 109 60'55 • m%Yak úpdrd;aul jevigyka 106 58'88 • ks¾udKd;aul l%shdldrlï 97 53'88 • Y%jK mrSCId 93 51'66 • l:kh 92 51'11 • ì;a;s mqj;am;a 90 50'00

• m%dfhda.sl ls%hdldrlï 89 49'44

• jHqy.; rpkd 83 46'11 • iaj ks¾udK ix.%y 81 45'00 • m%Yak yd ms<s;=re fmd;a 79 43'88 • bÈßm;a lsrSï 78 43'33 • CIKsl l:d 76 42'22 • N+ñld rx.k 67 37'22 • fCI;% jdßld 62 34'44 • ksrSCIK ls%hd 61 33'88 • idlÉPd uKav, 55 30'55 • jHdmD;s 50 27'77 • .fõIK 49 27'22 • m%o¾Yk 48 26'66 • újdo 48 26'66 • ixl,am is;shï 47 26'11 • iïuka;%K 27 15'00 • oaú;aj igyka cZk, 18 10'00 • ióCIK 9 5'00

mka;s ldurfha § we.hSï nyq, j ls%hd;aul j ;snqfKa udisl j yd tallhla wjidkfha § h' .‚;h" úoHdj yd b;sydih jeä u we.hSï m%udKhla ls%hd;aul jQ úIh jQ w;r fou< NdIdj tys wju w.h jd¾;d jQ úIhh hs' bx.%sis NdIdj i;=gqodhl uÜgñka wëlaIKh ù ;sì‚' we.hSï f;dr;=re isiqkag ikaksfõokh ù ;snqK o Bg idfmalaI j tajd foudmshkag ikaksfõokh ùu wju uÜgul mj;S'

mka;s ldurfha ;lafiarej jeämqr l%shd;aul jQ wjia:d

wjia:d uq`M .Kk m%;sY;h mdvu wdrïNhg fmr 15 8'33 mdvu w;r;=r § 69 38'88 mdvu wjidkfha § 70 38'88 tallhla wjidkfha § 108 60'00 udisl j 140 77'77

.=rejrekaf.a m%;spdr

.=rejrekaf.ka nyq;rh mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK jevms<sfj< ms<sn| j oekqïj;a ù we;' tfy;a .=rejrekaf.ka nyq;r msrsi mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarej iïnkaO j iDK wdl,amj,ska miq fj;s' óg fya;= ù we;af;a" wu;r f,aLk msrùug isÿ ùu ksid bf.kqï ld¾hhg ndOd ùu" fï ms<sn| m%cdjf.a ms<s.ekSu wju ùu" YsIH ixLHdj jeä ùu yd úIh ks¾foaYh wdjrKh lsÍug m%uqL;dj §u ksid l%shd;aul lsÍug wmyiqùu iy .=rejrhd ,smslrejl=f.a uÜgug m;a ùu hk lreKq hs'

óg wu;r j .=rejrhdg YsIHhd iïnkaO" we.hSï l%uh iïnkaO yd ld,h iïnkaO .eg¨ o u;= ù ;sì‚' tfia u miqng isiqka wod< m%ùK;djg f.k tau wmyiq ùu" fmdÿ m%ñ;shlska l%shd;aul fkdùu" yd .=rejrhdf.a fm!oa.,sl;ajh u; ,l=Kq mejÍu o .eg¨ f,i y÷kdf.k we;' fuu .eg¨ uÕ yrjd .ekSug i|yd ;lafiarelrK l%uh m%;sixúOdkh fyda bj;a lsÍu" tfia fkdfõ kï fuu we.hSï l%uh fjkqjg udisl mÍlaIK meje;aùu o fhdackd lr ;sì‚'

YsIHhkaf.a m%;spdrYsIH m%;spdr i,ld ne,Sfï § fï i|yd w'fmd'i' ̂ id'fm<& úNd.hg ,l=Kla tl;= lsÍu ms<sn| j isiqkaf.ka nyq;rh m%idofhka miq jk nj olakg ,eìKs'

úIhud,d iïmdolhkaf.a m%;spdrúIhud,d iïmdolhkaf.a m%;spdrj,g wkqj mka;s ldurfha bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha .=Kd;aul ixj¾Okh b,lal wruqKq lr werô fuu ;lafiare l%shdj,sfha ie,iqï l< wruqKq fuf;la bgq ù ke;' fuys mj;sk .eg¨ ksid fuuÕska wfmalaIs; úIh wruqKq o bgq ù ke;' Tjqka olsk wdldrhg .=rejreka fuh wu;r ld¾hhla fia i,ld ksjerÈ j bgq fkdlsÍu" isiqka cd;sl úNd. i|yd muKla iQodkï ùu" úNd. flakaøSh j mdif,a b.ekaùï ld¾hh isÿ ùu yd fldÜGdi uÜgfï isg cd;sl ;,h olajd úNd. m%;sM, muKla b,lal lsÍu ksid fuu ;lafiarelrK l%ufõoh wj;lafiarejg Ndckh ù we;' tneúka mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK l%ufha j¾;udk ;;a;ajh .eUqßka i,ld n,ñka fuu l%ufõoh m%;sixúOdkh lsÍu fyda bj;a lsÍu fyda kj l%uhla y÷kajd §u i|yd úoaj;a WmfoaYl iNdjla m;a l< hq;= njg m¾fhaIKfhka fhdackd lr we;'

4

mdi, mokï lr.;a ;lafiarelrK l%ufõofha bÈßh ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd

úoaj;a WmfoaYl iNdjla m;a l< hq;= njg fhdackdjla

m¾fhaIK wkdjrK

NEWSLETTERDepartment of Research and Development, NIE

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p3.pdf 1 7/31/2018 10:44:15 AM

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha wdh;ksl ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska miq.sh od Y%S ,xldfõ .=re wOHdmkfha ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ;lafiarelrKhg wod< m¾fhaIKhla ls%hd;aul lrk ,È' cd;sl wOHdmk úoHdmSG 05l YslaIK,dNSka" l:sldpd¾hjreka" mSGdêm;sjreka fm<fmd;a rplhka" úIhud,d iïmdolhka iy fm<fmd;a wêldÍka ksheÈ lKavdhï f,i fhdod.ksñka lrk ,o fuu m¾fhaIKfha § m%Odk lafIa;% 3lg wod< lreKq wkdjrKh lr.ekqKs'

1' .=re wOHdmk wdh;kj, mßmd,k yd l<ukdlrK m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| lafIa;%fha wkdjrKh jQ lreKq • .=re wOHdmk wdh;kj,g n|jd.ekSïj, § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjfha iu;dj mokï lr.;a cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fkdue;' • úoHdmSGj, mqyqKq,dNSyq nyq;rhla ldka;dfjdaa h' • .=re wdh;kj,g" úoHdmSGj,g uQ,H m%;smdok ,nd§fï § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq ù fkdue;' • .=re wOHdmk wdh;k l<ukdlrKfha § ia;%S mqreI iudc Ndjh mokï jQ úfYaI m%;sm;a;s ke;'

2' úIhud,d ixj¾Okh ms<sn| j wkdjrK jQ lreKq • mdi,a iy .=re wOHdmk úIhud,d ixj¾Okfha § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh flfrys ixfõ§ m%;sm;a;shla fkdue;' • ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| ksjerÈ ;;a;ajh u;=lrkakg mj;akd mdi,a úIhud,dj wfmdfydi;a j we;' • .=re wOHdmk úIhud,dfõ o ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| ixl,am m%udKj;a j idlÉPd fkdfõ' • mdi,a úIhud,d iïmdolhka yd ixialdrlhka f;dard.ekS fï § ksYaÑ; m%;sm;a;shla l%shd;aul fkdjk w;r u ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| j o ixfõ§ ù ke;'

3' .=re wOHdmk wdh;kj, bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh yd iïnkaO j wkdjrKh jQ lreKq • bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha § úoHdmSG YslaIK,dNSka ^ia;%S" mqreI& fomd¾Yajhg u iudk bv m%ia;d ysñ j we;' • iudk bv m%ia;d l%shd;aul jqj o msßñ YslaIK,dNSyq lKavdhï l%shdldrlïj, § wvq iyNd.s;ajhla olaj;s' • bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha ;dlaIK Ndú;h wvq uÜgul mj;sk w;r YslaIK,dNSkag ;dlaIK fuj,ï Ndú;hg wjia:d fkd,efí' • ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| idïm%odhsl wdl,am u; YslaIK,dNSyq mka;s ldur ;=< fjka fjka j wiqka .ks;s'

fuu m¾fhaIKfha § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjhg m%;spdÍ ùu (Responsiveness)" ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjhg ixfõ§ ùu" (Sensitiveness) iy ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh fkd;ld lghq;= lsÍu (Blindness) hk m%fõY ;=k mokï lr.ksñka f;dr;=re ;lafiarelrKh isÿ lrk ,È' ta wkqj" fuu ;lafiarelrK f;dr;=re weiqfrka .=re wOHdmkfha ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| j ta ta lafIa;%hkag wod< my; ioyka fhdackd bÈßm;a flrsKs'

m¾fhaIK wkdjrK

1' .=re wOHdmk wdh;kj, mßmd,k yd l<ukdlrK m%;sm;a;s lafIa;%h i|yd fhdackd

• cd;sl uÜgfï ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh yd ine¢ m%;sm;a;s rduqj la ms<sfh< l< hq;= h • m%;sm;a;s rduqfjys ta ta ld¾h yd iïnkaO j.lSï wod< wxY fj; mejßh hq;= h • m%;sm;a;su ld¾h l%shd;aul lsÍu iïnkaOfhka kshduk jevms<sfj<la ia:dmkh l< hq;= h • .=re wOHdmk wdh;k ioyd uQ,H m%;smdok fjka lsÍfï § tu wdh;kj, ia;%S mqreI wkqmd;h mokï lr.ksñka iqNidOl ld¾h i|yd uQ,H m%;smdok fjka lsÍfï l%uhla ielish hq;= h

2' úIhud,d ixj¾Okh i|yd fhdackd

• mdi,a wOHdmk iy .=re wOHdmk úIhud,d iïmdokfha § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjfha iu;dj wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd jk ffk;sl yd m%;sm;a;suh rduqjla ielish hq;= h • mdi,a úIhud,dfõ ia;%s mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| ne÷Kq uQ,O¾u" m%;sm;a;s" l%shdud¾." mqrjeis N+ñldj yd .=re isiq ld¾hNdrh we;=<;a jk mßÈ ieliQ mq¿,a úIh wka;¾.;hla iys; úIhla fyda úIhdka;r ifudaOdks; f;audjla f,i ielish hq;= h' m%d:ñl úIh ud,dfõ mßir wdY%s; l%shdldrlï úIhh hgf;a oaú;Shl úIhud,dfõ mqrjeis wOHdmkh úIhh hgf;a o fuu ixl,amh ms<sn| j oekqïj;a njla ,ndÈh yelsh • .=re wOHdmk úIhud,dfõ wksjd¾h jD;a;Sh úIhhla f,i l%shd;aul wOHdmk iudc úoHdj úIh hgf;a ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| ixl,am" tys l%shd;aul iajNdjh iy úúO úIu;d" ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjhg ixfõ§ yd m%;spdÍ iudchla ia:dms; lsÍfuys ,d .=re j.lSï yd j.ùï hk lreKq we;=<;a jk fia úIh wka;¾.;h ielish hq;= h' • mdi,a fm<fmd;a yd .=re wOHdmk iï,;a ix.%y ieliSfï § rplhka yd ixialdrljreka f;dard.ekSu iïnkaO m%;sm;a;sh la ielish hq;= h' rplhka yd ixialdrljreka f;dard.ekSfï § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjhg ixfõ§ njla m%;sm;a;suh rduqfjys wka;¾.; úh hq;= h' tfukau l%shd;aul ùu iïnkaO kshduk jevms<sfj<la wjYH fõ' fm<fmd;a yd iïm;a ix.%y rpkfha § ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjhg ixfõ§ j iu;djlska hqla; j mska;+r meyeÈ,s lsÍï fhdod .ekSug oekqïj;a lsÍfï jevigyka iïmdokh l< hq;= h' tajd ixialrKfha § kshdukh lsÍfï jevigyka l%shd;aul l< hq;= h'

3' .=re wOHdmk wdh;kj, bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh yd ta iïnkaO fhdackd

• mka;s ldur ieleiau fjkia lrñka .eyekq msßñ ñY% j wiqka .ekaùu fyda lKavdhï jYfhka wiqka .ekaùu fyda l%shd;aul lsÍu • bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha § msßñ YslaIK,dNSkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh j¾Okh lsÍfï l%shdud¾. fhdod.ekSu wjYH fõ' lKavdhï bÈßm;a lsÍï i|yd msßñ YslaIK,dNSka f.a iyNd.S ùu j¾Okh jk wdldrfha ;lafiare ks¾Kdhl fhdod .ekSu

wdishdkq l,dmSh rgj, .=re wOHdmkfha ia;%S"mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| mia wjqreÿ jHdmD;sfhys m<uq wÈhr f,i fuu m¾fhaIKh l%shd;aul lf<a wOHdmk wud;HdxYh;a" hqfkiaflda wdh;kh;a" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh;a taldnoaO j hs'

.=re wOHdmkfha ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ;lafiarelrKh

5NEWSLETTER

Department of Research and Development, NIE

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ps.pdf 1 7/31/2018 10:47:09 AM

NEWSLETTER

oekqï flakaøia:dkhla njg Y%S ,xldj m;a lsÍfï § furg wOHdmk moaO;sfha j¾;udk iy wkd.; ;;a;ajhkag id¾:l j uqyqK §u Wfoid wOHdmk moaO;sh ÈYdNsuqL úh hq;af;a flfia o hkak y÷kd.ekSug wOHdmk m¾fhaIK ufydamldÍ fõ' cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska tjeks m¾fhaIK i|yd fhduq jk úoHd¾Òkaf.a úiska wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= lafIa;% iïnkaO j wjYH;d iólaIKhla isÿ lr ;sfí' fuys uQ,sl wruqK jQfhaa bÈß jir ;=k ;=< oaú;Shl mdi,a úIhud,dj iïnkaOfhka wOHhkhg ,la l< hq;= m%Odk m¾fhaIK lafIa;% y÷kd.ekSu iy m¾fhaIK l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wjYH ks¾foaY bÈßm;a lsÍu hs'

fuu m¾fhaIKfha o;a; úYaf,aIKfha § y÷kd.;a m%Odk m¾fhaIK lafIa;%

úIhud,dj iy bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh • úIh wka;¾.;fha .eg¨ yd hdj;ald,Sk nj iïnkaO .egÆ • bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha ÿ¾j,;d iy l%shdj,sh hdj;ald,Sk fkdùu' úIh wka;¾.;h l%shd;aul lsÍug wod< j mqyqKq l%ufõofha ÿ¾j,;d • úIhud,dj l%shd;aul lsÍug wjYH udkj yd fN!;sl iïm;a l<ukdlrKh iy iïm;a jeä ÈhqKqj

we.ehSu yd ;lafiarelrK l%shdj,sh • we.ehSu yd ;lafiarelrK l%shdj,sh ÿ¾j, lsÍug iy Yla;su;a lsÍug fya;= jk idOl • mia jk fY%aKsh YsIH;aj úNd.h idudkH bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,shg lrk n,mEu iy wOHdmkhg iïnkaO ish¨ md¾Ylrejkag YsIH;aj úNd.h ksid we;s jk n,mEu • mdi,a mdol we.hSu l%shd;aul jk wdldrh iy YsIH iyNd.s;ajh" md¾Yjlrejkaf.a oekqïj;aNdjh" f,aLk l<udlrKh iy iudc wdl,am

.=re mqyqKq l%ufõo • .=re mqyqKqj iïnkaO m%;sm;a;suh .eg¨" .=re mqyqKq jevigykaj, l%shdldß;ajh iy .=re mqyqKq jevigyka ie,iqïlrKh

fjk;a fhdackd • ;dlaIK ÈhqKqj" idrO¾u yd úkh .eg¨ • wOHdmk wdh;k ;=< yd wdh;k w;r l<ukdlrKh yd iïnkaëlrKh' • w;r uÕ § mdif,ka weoyef,kakkaf.aaa mqñ;sß nj ^ia;%s$mqreI Ndjh& óg wu;r j tla tla úIhhg wod< j m%uqL;d wkqms<s fj,ska my; lafIa;% iïnkaOfhka m¾fhaIK isÿ lsÍu iqÿiq nj o fuys § y÷kdf.k we;'

úIh jYfhka fhdackd • b;sydih iy .‚;h úIh yereKq úg wfkl=;a yr úIh yd fjk;a úIh ldKavhg wod< j udkj iy fN!;sl l<ukdl rK iïnkaO .eg¨ • b;sydih iy .‚;h úIh iïnkaOfhka m¾fhaIK l%shd;aul lsÍfï § úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh wdY%s; wOHhk i|yd uQ,sl;ajh fhduq lsÍu iqÿiq fõ'

ujqni • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • .=re mqyqKq jev igyka ie,iqïlrKh • úIh wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj • .=re mqyqKqj iy wLKav .=re wOHdmkh iïnkaO m%;sm;a;s

bx.%S%sis • úIh wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj • úIh wka;¾.;h l%shd;aul lsÍu wdY%s; bf.kqï - b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh yd iïnkaO .eg¨ • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • .=re mqyqKq jevigyka ie,iqï lsÍu

wd.u • úIh bf.kqï - b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh • .=re mqyqKq jevigyka ie,iqï lsÍu • úIhud,d wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj • úIhud,d wka;¾.;h hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu iïnkaO fhdackd

.‚;h • wëlaIK l%shdj,sh we.hSu iïnkaO fhdackd • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • úIh wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj

úoHdj • fN!;sl iy udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh • úIh bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • úIh wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj • wëlaIK l%shdj,sh

b;sydih • udkj iy fN!;sl l<ukdlrKh • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • wëlaIK l%shdj,sh • bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha hdj;ald,Sk nj

fjk;a • úIh wka;¾.;fha hdj;ald,Sk nj • úIh wka;¾.;fha ÿ¾j,;d • úIhud,dj l%shd;aul lsÍu wdY%s; bf.kqï - b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh • wëlaIK l%shdj,sh

fuu wjYH;d iólaIKh i|yd iólaIK udÈ,sfha m%Yakdj,shla Ndú; lrñka o;a; /ia lsÍu isÿ lrk ,È' Èjhsfka m<d;a kjh ksfhdackh jk mßÈ wOHdmk m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhka" úIhud,d ie,iqïlrejka" úIhud,d l<ukdlrejka" úIhud,d mqyqKqlrejka yd úIhud,dj l%shd;aul lrk .=rejreka o we;=<;a jk whqßka wyUq f,i f;dard.;a 1"799 fokl=f.ka iukaú; ksheÈh Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka iólaIKh isÿ lr we;'

iuia; mdi,a úIhud,dj

wdY%s; j wOHhkhg ,la úh hq;= m¾fhaIK lafIa;%

m¾fhaIK wkdjrK

6Department of Research and Development, NIE

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Èjhsk mqrd mdi,aj, 13jk fYa%‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqkaf.ka 72'1] fofkl= mdi,a fkdmeñfKk nj cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska 2016 jif¾ § isÿ lrk ,o iólaIKhl § fy<sorjq ù ;sfí'cd;sl úNd. ioyd fmkS isák isiqka wod< úNd. meje;afjk j¾Ij, § mdi,a fkdmeñŒu miq.sh oYl lsysmhla mqrd wOHdmk lafIa;%fha j¾Okh jQ m%jK;djla f,i y÷kdf.k ;sìK' 2014 jif¾ § W;=re m<df;a wOHdmkh ms<sno úu¾Yk lñgqj úiska o fmkajd fokq ,en ;sfnkafka 13 jk fY%a‚fha isiqka ckjdß isg cQ,s f;la mdi,a fkdmeñfKk nj hs' ta wkqj Y%S ,xldfõ ish¨ u m<d;a ksfhdackh jk mßÈ wOHdmk l,dm 93lska w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& mka;s l%shd;aul mdi,a 279la wyUq f,i f;dardf.k cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j fuu m¾fhaIKh ls%hd;aul lr we;' fuu m¾fhaIK m%;sM, wkqj 13jk fY%a‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqkaf.ka mdi,a fkdmeñfKk by< u ixLHdj 88'5]la f,i niakdysr m<df;ka jd¾;djk w;r wjuh 37'6]la f,i W;=re m<df;ka jd¾;d fõ' yodrk úIh wkqj mdi,a fkdmeñŒfï by< u w.h jk 76'7]la jd‚c úIh

Odrdfjk nj y÷kdf.k we;s w;r tys wjuh jk 68'1]la l,d úIh Odrdj yodrk isiqkaf.ka jd¾;d fõ'

óg iu.dó j 13 jk fY%a‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqka mdi,aj,g fkdmeñŒug m¾fhaIKhg f;dard .;a mdi,aj, úÿy,am;sjreka" .=rejreka" isiqka yd foujqmshka 4"103l msßilf.ka úuid we;' tys§ Tjqkaf.a m%uqL woyila ù we;af;a ;r.ldÍ úNd. l%uhg uqyqK §ug mdif,a odhl;ajh m%udKj;a fkdùu ksid isiqka áhqIka jeks úl,am bf.kqï l%uj,g tu ld,fha § fhduq jk nj hs'

mdif,ka bgq jk iudÔh ld¾hNdrh ms<sno mQ¾K úYajdih fuf;la m¿ÿ ù ke;;a jd¾Isl j isiqkaf.a wOHdmkh ioyd

w;súYd, msßjehla rch orñka isák w;r;=r fujeks ;;a;ajhla mej;Su ms<sn| j wOHdmk moaO;sfha úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;= j mj;S'

13 jk fY%a‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqkaf.ka 72]la

wjika jdrfha mdi,a fkdt;ss m¾fhaIK wkdjrK

wOHdmk lafIa;%hg wod< j 1956 isg 2006 olajd Ys% ,xldfõ úYaj úoHd,j, isÿ l< ish¨ mYapdoa wOHdmk Wmdê m¾fhaIK ksnkaOk kdudj,shla ilia lsÍug cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j lghq;= lr ;sfí' fuu kdudj,shg fmardfoKsh" fld<U" hdmkh úYajúµd, iy újD; úYajúµd,fha wOHdmk mYapdoa Wmdê yodrk ,o úµd¾Òka úiska miq.sh ld,jljkqfõ wOHdmk lafIa;%hg wod< j isÿ l< ish¨ m¾fhaIK ksnkaOj, ud;Dld we;=<;a lr we;'

ta wkqj" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha iy úYajúµd,j, wOHdmkh iïnkaO j mYapd;a Wmdê m¾fhaIKj, kshef,k mdGud,d,dNSkag;a wOHdmk m¾fhaIKj, ksr; jk wfkl=;a úµd¾Òkag;a fuu m¾fhaIK ksnkaO kdudj,sh mßyrKh lsÍfï wjia:dj ie,iS ;sfí' wdh;kfha m%Odk mqia;ld,fhka" m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=fõ lshùï l=áfhka" fmardfoKsh" fld<U" hdmkh úYajúµd,j,ska iy újD; úYajúµd,fha mqia;ld,fhkaa fuu ksnkaO kdudj,sh mßyrKh l< yels h'

wOHdmk lafIa;%fha ±kg isÿ lr we;s m¾fhaIK ms<sno ±kqu talrdYs lsÍug;aa" m¾fhaIK wêúYaf,aIKhg;aa" Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmk m¾fhaIK ksnkaO kdudj,sh w;sYhska jeo.;a jkq we;'

wOHdmk lafIa;%fha fuf;la lr we;s mYapdoa Wmdê m¾fhaIK ksnkaOk kdudj,shla

7NEWSLETTER

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska úoHq;a m%pdrK fomd¾;fïka;=j iu`. taldnoao j GIZ-ESC uQ,H wkq.%yh hgf;a Y%jH oDYH bf.kqï- b.ekaùï wdOdrl 15la ksIamdokh lr mdi,a moaO;shg fhduq flrsKss' tys § k¾;kh" ix.S;h" Ñ;%" Nr;kdgHï" kdgH yd rx. l,dj hk úIhkag wod< j isxy, oñ< hk oaú NdId udOHfhka ixhqla; ;eá ks¾udKh úh'

fuu ixhqla; ;eá ks¾udKfha § my; i`oyka wruqKq fmr ±ß lr .kakd ,os'

nyq úO bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%ufõo yd ;dlaIKsl ±kqu Ndú;fhka fi!kao¾h úIh bf.kqï-b.ekaúï l%shdj,sh ixj¾Okh lsÍu

ish¨ u mdi,a isiqkag úúO fi!kao¾h úIh lreKq ms<sn`o j w;a±lSï imhd §u

m%dfhda.sl yd kHdhd;aul fi!kao¾h úIh lreKq ms<sn`o j ióm j bf.kqug wjia:d i,id §u

fi!kao¾h úIh ks¾foaY yd .=reud¾f.damfoaYj, wka;¾.;hg wod< bf.kqï-b.ekaùï ld¾hh i`oyd w;sf¾l Woõ iemhSu

±fha orejkaf.a fi!kao¾h l=i,;d kxjd,ñka oE ys;ldó ks¾udKYS,S ore mrmqrla ìys lsÍu

cd;Ska w;r wfkHdakH iqyo;dj yd wjfndaOfhka iudc ixys`Èhdj ia:dms; lsrSSu

fï jk úg mdi,a moaO;sfha y`ÿkajd ÿka fuu bf.kqï wdOdrl Ndú; lrk w;r" ;jÿrg;a tajd bf.kqï ld¾hhg fhdod .ekSfuka fi!kao¾h úIh bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh id¾:l lr .ekSug yelsjk w;r Wla; wruqKq idlaId;a lr .ekSug o yels jkq we;'

fi!kao¾h úIh Y%jH oDYH ixhqla; ;eá fm<la . . .

Department of Research and Development, NIE

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1' wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r wkqiaurK foaYkh 29 jrg;a

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j uÕska jd¾Isl j ixúOdkh lrk" wdpd¾h iS' ví,sõ' ví,sõ' lkakka.r wkqiaurK foaYkh 29 jk jrg;a fuu j¾Ifha Tlaf;dan¾ 12jk osk wdh;k Y%jKd.drfha oS meje;aùug lghq;= ixúOdkh lr ;sfí' fujr foaYkh mj;ajkq ,nkafka fmardfoKsh úYaj úoHd,fha úoHdj ms<sn| mYapdoa Wmdê wdh;kfha mQ¾K uydpd¾h iqfka;%d lreKdr;ak ue;sksh úisks'

2' wOHdmk m¾fhaIK iÕrdj,g ,sms Ndr.kq ,efí

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j uÕska jd¾Isl j m< flfrk Y%S ,xld wOHdmk m¾fhaIK iÕrdj iy idla wOHdmk m¾fhaIK iÕrdj i|yd ,sms /ia lsÍu fï jk úg wdrïN lr ;sfí' Y%S ,xld wOHdmk m¾fhaIK iÕrdj i|yd isxy, udOHfhkq;a" idla wOHdmk m¾fhaIK iÕrdj i|yd bx.%Sis udOHfhkq;a m¾fhaIK mdol ,sms iïmdokh lsÍfï wjia:dj Tng ;sfí'o< jYfhka 2000 isg 10000 f;la jQ jpk m%udKhlska iukaú; j jpk 150lg fkdjeä idrdxYhla iy m¾fhaIl ms<sn| flá ye|skaùula wka;¾.; lr oaú;aj mr;rhla iys; j m¾.Kl .; lr msgm;a follska hq;=j Tn úiska iïmdÈ; ,sms wOHlaI" m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh" uyr.u hk ,smskhg fhduq l< yels h' 3' wOHdmk m¾fhaIK ms<sn| f;aud mdGud,dj

m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j uÕska l%shd;aul lrk wOHdmk m¾fhaIK ms<sn| f;aud mdGud,dj, m¾fhaIK idys;H úu¾Ykh uefhka jQ 2018 j¾Ifha m<uq mdGud,dj cQks ui 8" 9 iy 10 f;Èk cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha § mj;ajk ,os' m¾fhaIK f,aLklrKh ms<sn| fojk f;aud mdGud,dj fkdjeïn¾ ui 16" 17 iy 18 hk Èkj, cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha § meje;aùug kshñ;h'

4' Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkh( m%;sixialrK i|yd úoaj;a woyia yd fhdackd Ndr.efka

—2025 ±lau˜ ^Vision 2025& kï jQ m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkhg wkqj" wd¾Ólhg il%sh odhl;ajhla ,nd §u Wfoid ;dreKHh m%n,SlrKh lrkq jia wOHdmkh l=i,;d ixj¾Okh wruqKq ÈYdk; lsÍfï wjYH;dj mj;S' fuys ,d ieug oy;=ka jirl wOHdmkh ,eîug myiqlï iemhSu;a" ;D;Shhsl wOHdmkhg m%fõYh jeä lsÍu;a" jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj i|yd wjia:d mq¿,a lsÍu;a wruqKq lr cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha yd .re wOHdmk wud;H;=udf.a uÕ fmkaùu hgf;a m;a lrk ,o lñgqfõ uQ,sl;ajfhka kj wOHdmk m%;sixialrK fhdackd iïnkaOfhka flgqïm;la ilia lsÍu fï jk úg ksu lr ;sfí' ^w& rcfha mdi,aj, ish¨ isiqkg oy;=ka jirl wOHdmkhla iy;sl lsÍu¦^wd& Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmk moaO;sh kùlrKh lsÍu¦^we& .=re mqyqKqj yd .=re ixj¾Okh wdÈh weiqßka wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh by< kexùu¦ yd ^wE& wLKav iqmÍlaIKh yd we.hqï moaO;s Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka wOHdmkfha m%ñ;s ;yjqre lsÍu'

hk lafIa;% Tiafiaa kj m%;sm;a;s rduqj úldY fõ' wdrïNfha § lñgqj úiska úIhud,d m%;sixialrK isÿ úh hq;= lafIa;% y;rla y`ÿkd .eksK' tkï1' 12 yd 13 fY%aKs i|yd kj jD;a;Sh Odrdjla y÷kajd §u2' w'fmd'i'Wiia fm< 12 yd 13 fY%aKs wdY%s; m%;sixialrK3' w'fmd'i' idudkH fm< 10 yd 11 fY%aKs wdY%s; m%;sixialrK4' m%d:ñl wOHdmkfha m%;sixialrK

fuu flgqïm; iïnkaOfhka wOHdmk moaO;sfha úúO md¾Yj ksfhdackh lrK úoaj;=kaf.a yd m%cdjf.a woyia /ia lsÍu fï jk úg l%shd;aul fjñka mj;s' 5' jD;a;Sh úsIhud,d ms<sno ;=,kd;aul wOHhkhla

jD;a;Sh úIhud,dfõ .=Kd;aul ixj¾Okh wruqKq lr .ksñka f;dard.;a rgj,a ;=kl jD;a;Sh wOHdmk úIhud,dj ms<sn| ;=,kd;aul wOHhkhla fuu j¾Ifha § m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska l%shd;aul flf¾'

kj;u mqj;a Up coming News

WmfoaYl;ajh wdpd¾h chka;s .=Kfialr - wOHlaI ckrd,a

wëlaIKh ã' lemafmáf.dv - wOHlaI

iïnkaëlrKh ksfrdaId vhia Èidkdhl - lÓldpd¾h

jHdmD;s lKavdhu ksfrdaId vhia Èidkdhl - lÓldpd¾h ví'fla'YsrdKs mqIamud,d - fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h ã' fyÜáf.a - lÓldpd¾h fla'ta'tka' iqf,dapkd wef,laaiekav¾ - lÓldpd¾h tï'ã'ä' whsrdKs o is,ajd - iyldr wOHdmk{ fÊ'fla' wfia, le¨ï - udOH iïnkaëldrl puß ksrxc,d .uf.a - udOH iïnkaëldrl

,sms iemhQfjda m¾fhaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j oaú NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j ;dlaIKsl fomd¾;fïka;=j wdh;ks; ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j

mß.Kl Ñ;%l ks¾udKlrKh rùkaø f;akqjr - lÓldpd¾h

uqøKh cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

NEWSLETTER

NEWSLETTER

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odhl;ajh

Department of Research and Development, NIE

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