Modern Railway Innovation in Japan - Engineers Australia · 2017-05-19 · 1 • R T Modern Railway Innovation in Japan Sak - Sakdirat Kaewunruen PhD, ME, BE Hons (Civil), Gcert (Buss),

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• RT

Modern Railway Innovation in Japan

Sak - Sakdirat KaewunruenPhD, ME, BE Hons (Civil), Gcert (Buss), MIEAust, CPEng, NPER, RPEQ

Track Engineering, Chief Engineers DivisionRailCorp

Introduction

• Japanese Railways: Metro, Local & Shinkansen

• Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI)

• Rail Innovation in Japan

• Endeavour Awards – An Australian Government’s Initiative

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Japanese Railways

Japanese Railways

Population

Japan: 127.4m (01/2010)

Tokyo: 13m (04/2010)

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Japanese Railways

Note: average temperature not peak.

Japanese Railways

Population

Japan: 127.4m (01/2010)

Tokyo: 13m (04/2010)

Population density: 5,937 per km2

(2009)

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Japanese Railways

Japanese Railways

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Japanese Railways

Japanese Railways

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Japanese Railways

Japanese Railways

Japan Modern Railway Systems

Private/Local Gov: Metro

within highly populated metropolitan

Japan Railways (JR): Local & High Speed

between suburbans/cities, metropolitans

and/or prefectures

eg: Tobu Railway; Seibu Railway; Keisei Electric Railway; Keio

Corporation; Odakyu Electric; Tokyu Corp; Keikyu Corp; Tokyo

Metro; Sagami; Nagoya; Kintetsu Corp; Keihan Electric; etc.

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Japanese Railways

RTRI

JR Freight

JR System

Japan Railways GroupJapan Railways Group (JR Group) is

the result of Japanese national

railways privatisation on April 1, 1987.

It consists of 7 operational and 2 non-

operational companies.

(non-operational)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail Systems: Metro & Local• Heavy Rail

• Linear Metro

• Monorail

• High-speed surface transport (HSST) – Maglev

• Automated guideway transit (AGT)/ Automated people mover (APM)

• Light rail transit (LRT) - Tram

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Japanese Railways

Heavy Rail

Mass-transit systems (inc. elevated railroads &

subway) generally use steel-wheel heavy rails.

They are capable of transporting passengers

punctually and reliably at high speed, playing a

key role in the transport system of densely

populated large cities.

Suitability:

Key system for densely populated areas in centre of large cities.

Transportation between centre of cities and their suburbs or

medium-sized cities.

Japanese Railways

Linear Metro

This type of train system has been used in a steep

or a sharp curved subway. Linear metro is an

urban transport system of which vehicles with

steel wheels are driven by linear motors. It has

smaller cross-section of the vehicle. The

advantages help reduce construction costs.

Suitability:

Less densely populated areas in large cities. Transportation

between centre of cities and surrounding areas. Key system for

densely populated areas in medium-sized cities (or with a widely

distributed population. Key system for small cities.

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Japanese Railways

Monorail

The monorail system consists of a single track and

a vehicle with rubber tires that runs on the track by

straddling it or being suspended from it.

Suitability:



medium-sized cities with a widely distributed population.

Transportation between centre of cities and airports adjacent to

cities.

Japanese Railways

High-speed surface transport (HSST) – MagLev (slow)

HSST is an urban transport system in which a

vehicle levitated by normal conducting magnets is

run by linear motors. The vehicle has no wheels

and does not contact the track. It produces very

little noise and vibration. Guideway facility is

hardly worn.

Suitability:



medium-sized cities with a widely distributed population. Feeder

line to mass transit system. Transportation between centre of

cities and airports adjacent to cities.

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Japanese Railways

Automated guideway transit (AGT) / Automated people mover (APM)

AGT/APM systems refer to medium-capacity

transport systems in which small, light vehicles

with rubber tires run along an elevated guideway

built for exclusive use. These systems are

generally computer-controlled and without a driver.

It is used as a feeder system in large cities.

Suitability:

Feeder from terminals of large volume transport systems. Sub-

system for key transport systems in medium-sized cities. Sub-

system for small cities. Transportation within an airport or a

resident area.

Japanese Railways

Light rail transit (LRT) - Tram

Although LRT systems are inferior to urban high-

speed mass-transit systems in terms of transport

capacity & speed, they are highly accessible to

users. Stations, signalling systems and other

facilities can be built on road surface. This makes

the system low cost as long as they do not

compete with road transport.

Suitability:

Feeder from terminals of large volume transport systems. Sub-

system for key transport systems in medium-sized cities. Key- or

sub-system for small cities.

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsPerformance (Metro & Local)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsInfrastructure (Metro & Local)

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsInfrastructure (Metro & Local)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsUrban Transport Network Strategy (Metro & Local)

JOR

SA

(20

07)

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Systems

JORSA (2007)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Systems

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Systems (NEX)

Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways


Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways


Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways


Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Systems (Local)

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Systems (Local & Metro)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTrack Stations (Local)

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsLocal Stations

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsLocal Trains

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsLocal Trains

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsMetro Trains & Stations

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Vibration & Noise

[rapid : ultra express :

superexpress]

Japanese Railways

Japanese Railways

Shinkansen Networks

Highspeed Rail Systems300 km/h (320 km/h in 2011);

15 trains per hour; Avg delay 0.3 min/train;

Low energy consumption; Low CO2;

Low noise; Zero fatal accidents.

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail Systems

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsEvolution of Shinkansen

Series 0, 220km/h, 1964 Series 100, 220km/h, 1985Series 300, 270km/h, 1992

Series 500, 300km/h, 1997Series 700, 285km/h, 1999 Series N700, 300km/h, 2007

http://en.wikipedia.org

Tok

aido

& S

anyo

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Japanese Railways


Series 200, 240km/h, 1982 E-1, 240km/h, 1994 E-2, 275km/h, 1995

E-4 Max, 240km/h, 1997 E-5, 320km/h, 2011


Toh

oku

& J

oets

u

Series 800, 260km/h, 2004

Kyu

shu

Japanese Railways


Series 400, 240km/h, 1992 E-3, 275km/h, 1995 E-6, 320km/h, 2014


Ya

mag

ata

& A

kita

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail Systems

Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsCumulative Shinkansen passengers

JORSA (2005)

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsPerformance

JORSA (2005)

Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsPerformance

JORSA (2005)

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsTrack Systems - Shinkansen

JORSA (2005)

Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsTrack Systems – Shinkansen (Electric System 25kV)

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsTrack Systems – World High Speed Rails

Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsSignalling Systems: ATC – automatic train control

JORSA (2005) JR Central (2010)

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Japanese Railways

Highspeed Rail SystemsWarning Systems: ATC

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsDr Yellow

6 cars

Doctor Yellow is a multiple inspection train set, operated to test the Shinkansen facilities (eg. track &

overhead wiring). The Series 700 version is equipped with the latest devices to efficiently conduct high

precision inspections and measurements at speeds of 270 km/h, and it thus plays an important role in

supporting safety and reliability of Shinkansen systems.

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsInfrastructure

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsGuard rail for EQ

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsProtecting snow from shinkansen trains to

collide with ballast & then fly to hit

passengers on the platforms

Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways


Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsAirspace Development in Kyoto

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsTicketing System

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Japanese Railways


Japanese Railways


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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of RevenuesJR Central (2010)

JR Central Annual Report (2010)

Japanese Railways



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Japanese Railways



Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of RevenuesJR Central vs JR West (2010)


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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of RevenuesJR West (2010)

JR West Annual Report (2010)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of Revenues

A variety of business

operations have been designed

to add value to railway

facilities.

JR West (2010)

Osaka Train Station

JR West Annual Report (2010)

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of RevenuesJR East (2010)

JR East Annual Report (2010)

Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsSources of RevenuesJR East (2010)

JR East Annual Report (2010)

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Kunitachi Institute, Tokyo

Railway Technical Research Institute

Visit: Oct to Nov, 2010

Land: 197,000 m2

Buildings: 66,600 m2


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R&D Strategy


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R&D Outreach



Problems with Rail Defects

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Rail Shelling (squat?)


Use of vibration testing to determine rail longitudinal

stresses


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Concrete Sleeper Research [vid]


Concrete Sleeper Research – Sensor Technology


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Connector(Steel Pipe)

Longitudinal Beam(Prestressed Concrete)

Sleeper Unit Length：：：：6.25m

Ladder Sleepers [construction : vibration isolation]

Rail Joint Fatigue [vid]


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Slab Track / Guard Rails


Fastening Research


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Bridge Pier Connection under Earthquake


New slab (fibre reinforced concrete) under Earthquake (Hino Lab)


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Gas Welding


Slope stability

model test under

Earthquake


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Pile behaviour

under Earthquake


Ride Quality

System & Rolling

Stock Body Tests


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Tunnel Testing


Tunnel Testing


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Noise Testing of Shielding Effect


Aerodynamic Effect of Train

in Tunnels


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Track Vibrations



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Countermeasures to mitigate Rail Noise & Vibrations


Ballast mat: nearly 8 dB(A)

Sleepers coved with resilient mat (ballasted track) nearly 8 dB(A)

Vibration-reducing track: G-Type nearly 5 dB(A)

Sleepers embedded in slab track (D-Type): nearly 10 dB(A)

Increased stiffness of track system: about 4 dB(A)

Fibre reinforced Foamed Urethane

(FFU)

Sekisui – FFU Factory

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FFU

Sekisui – FFU Factory

• The Endeavour Awards is the Australian Government's

internationally competitive, merit-based program.

Endeavour Awards

Online http://www.deewr.gov.au/International/EndeavourAwards/

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• Postgraduate and Postdoctoral Awards

– Endeavour Postgraduate Awards

– Endeavour Research Fellowships

– Endeavour Australia Cheung Kong Research Fellowships

– Endeavour Research Fellowships for Indigenous Australians

– Endeavour Europe Awards

Endeavour Awards


• Vocational Education and Training Awards

– Endeavour Vocational Education and Training Awards

• Executive Awards

– Endeavour Executive AwardsEndeavour Executive Awards

Endeavour Awards


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Endeavour Executive Awards

Endeavour Awards

• A unique international professional development for 1 to 4 months

• Up to A$18,500 including monthly stipend, travel and establishment allowance

• Travel and health insurance are provided

• Dedicated support network for the duration of award

• Alumni Network of Executive Awardees

• Broaden your knowledge and horizons

• Enhance international networks and relationships.

Online http://www.deewr.gov.au/International/EndeavourAwards/Applications open 2 rounds – April & November

Japanese Railways

In 2025: JR Central plans to open a MagLev line from Tokyo to Nagoya.

In 2025: what will Australia be like?Do you dare to dream ?

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Japanese Railways

Modern Rail SystemsInternational Railways


Japanese Railways



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Japanese Railways



Japanese Railways



Documents

Modern Railway Innovation in Japan - Engineers Australia · 2017-05-19 · 1 • R T Modern Railway Innovation in Japan Sak - Sakdirat Kaewunruen PhD, ME, BE Hons (Civil), Gcert (Buss),