Models of Group Behaviour

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Group Behaviour



Stages of Group Development

or

5 Stage Model



Forming Stage

Forming is characterized by a great deal of

uncertainty about the group¶s purpose,

structure and leadership. This stage is complete when members

have begun to think of themselves as part

of a group.



Storming Stage

Storming Stage is one of intra group conflict.

Members accept the existence of the group, but

there is resistance to the constraints that the

group imposes on individuality.

There is conflict over who will control the group.

This stage is complete, there will be a relatively

clear hierarchy of leadership within the group.



Norming Stage

This is the stage in which close

relationships develop and the group

demonstrates cohesiveness. There is now a strong sense of group

identity.

This stage is complete when the group

solidifies and the group has assimilated a

common set of expectations of what

defines correct member behaviour.



Performing Stage

The structure at this point is fully functional

and accepted.

Group energy has removed from getting toknow and understand each other to

performing the task at hand.

For permanent work groups, performing is

the last stage in their development.



Adjourning Stage

In this stage group prepares for its

disbandment.

High task performance is no longer group¶s priority.

Attention is directed towards wrapping up

activities.



Group Proper ties



Role³Role is a position which an individual

holds in a system as determined by the

expectations from that position.´

-Pareek says

Role enable the individual to interact

with and get integrated with the system.



Role Iden

tity

Behavioural patterns attach to roles give

rise to role identity.

People have the ability to shift roles

rapidly when they recognize that the

situation and its demands clearly

require major changes.



Role

Percep

tion

Our view of how we are supposed to act

in a given situation is a role perception.

We get perceptions from stimuli all

around us-friends, books, movies,

television.

Exp.: role of crime investigators asportrayed on TV programme CID.



Role Expec

tations

Role expectations are defined as how

others believe you should act in a given

situation.

Exp.: the role of a high court judge is

viewed as having propriety and dignity,

while role of a football coach is seen asaggressive, dynamic, and inspiring to

his players.



Role Conflic

t

When an individual is confronted by

divergent role expectations, the result is

role conflict.

Role conflict occurs when an individual

finds that compliance with one role

requirement may make it more difficultto comply with another.



Types of

Role Conflic

t

Inter Role Conflict

Intra Role Conflict



Role Differen

tiation

A variety of roles can develop as group

members interact with each other.

Most of the people fall under one of the

two categories

-Task Roles

-Socio-emotional Roles



Norms

Acceptable standards of behaviour

within a group that are shared by the

group members.

Norms are rules of conduct determined

by group members.

Norms tell the members what theyought and ought not to do under certain

circumstances.



Classes of N

orms Performance Norms

Appearance Norms

Social Arrangement Norms

Allocation of resources Norms



Why norms are established?

These facilitate group survival

Increase the predictability of members

Allow members to express the central

values of the goal

Help to reduce embarrassing

interpersonal problems for members.



How

Norms are developed?

Explicit statements by supervisor or co

workers.

Critical events in the groups history

Carrying over behaviour from past

situations.



Types of

Group conflict?

Cognitive Conflict

Effective Conflict



Cognitive Conflic

t

It¶s a task oriented conflict.

It generally plays a positive role in group

life.



Effective Conflic

t

It¶s a relationship oriented conflict.

This conflict has the negative effect on

the group.



Conformity to Norms

Conformity to norms is determined by

the extent of dependence of individuals

on the group for the satisfaction of their

needs.

Adjusting one¶s behaviour to align with

the norms of the group.

Group must have conformity to changetheir members thoughts feeling and

behaviour through social influence.



Status Status is a rank formally imposed by a

group

Status is an imp. factor in understandinghuman behaviour because it is asignificant motivator and has major behavioural consequences whenindividuals perceive a disparity betweenwhat they believe their status to be andwhat others perceive it to be.

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Models of Group Behaviour