MODEL30 - Signalcrafters

COPYRIGHT .~ 1980 SIGNALCR.AFrERS. !NC.ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PRINTED IN

THE UNITED STArES OF AJ'v1!:R!CA

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• AUTOMATIC COM?UTINGSWR POWER METER

• ADVANCED ENGINEERING• pmFORMANCE• FEATURESTHAT NO ONE

CAN TOUCHI

MODEL 30

NCO R PO RATEDSIGNALCRAFTERS

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SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30

INTRODUCTION

Congratulations! You have just purchased the finest, mostadvanced SWR/PWR meter available anywhere!

If this is your first experience with a computing SWR meter,you will have some pleasant surprises. You may also bepuzzled at times by what you see, so please read this manualbefore you install the instrument. It is written for easyunderstanding and is well worth your time.

The purpose of the Model 30 is to monitor and display theforward power that your transmitter delivers to the trans-mission line and to simultaneously display the standing wave..ratio on your transmission line. Forward power indicates toyou h.o,wwell your transmitter is working, and the SWR tells

.'. you how well your antenna system is accepting power. Thus,the whole picture is displayed on the two front panel meters.

Two features set the Model 30 apart from other instruments.First, the proper power range is selected automatically(manual override and reset also are provided) and secondly,the SWR is computed automatically with no operator adjust-ments required for complete hands-off operation from lessthan one watt to 2000 watts!

All of this is accomplished by a Signalcrafters designedintegrated circuit. This state-of-the-art design is an exclus-ive with Signalcrafters.

1

SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30~GNALCRAFTERSMODEL30

INSTALLAnON

Figure 1 illustrates the various ways in which the Model 30can be connected into your coaxial transmission line. Theline impedance can be 50-52 ohms or 75 ohms, dependingupon the plug-in directional coupler selected. The frequencyrange and the power handling capability also are dependentupon the coupler selected. For example: The Model 30equipped with the Model HF-231 Directional Couplermeasures RF power up to 2000 watts on 52 ohm coax linesand covers the frequency range of 1.8 to 30 MHz. For 75ohm lines, you would need the Model HF-231A DirectionalCoupler. If you have need for VHF as well as HF capability,or more sensitivity in the HF range for QRP operation,please refer to the Signalcrafters catalog brochure coveringthe full line of Directional Couplers available for use withthe Model 30. The Directional Coupler is not supplied withthe Model 30 SWR/Power Meter because of the wide range ofimpedances, power ratings, and frequency of operationavaiable for your selection. Appropriate Directional Couplershould be selected at time of ordering from theSignalcrafters catalog of acessories.

One RF Directional Coupler may be plugged directly into therear of the Model 30, or remote mounted if that is moreconvenient. Hi-Fi extension cables (not supplied) are widelyavailable and are recommended for the remote mountinginterconnections. The extension cables, of course, carry noRF power. With this arrangement it is a simple matter to setup an outboard switching system to obtain power readingsusing two or more Directional Couplers permanently installedin your various antenna coaxial lines, even if they are not allof the same impedance.

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Always make certain that the transmitter and antennacoaxial lines are connected to the proper ends of theDirectional Coupler and that any inter-connecting cables are

23


properly oriented. Otherwise the I Model 30 meter readingswill be meaningless.

Signalcrafters recommends that you place the DirectionalCoupler after any low pass filter since it is important thatthe filter be mounted as close to the transmitter asphysically possible. The coupler is not a generator ofmeasurable harmonics and will not cause radio frequencyinter ference.

The Model 30 contains soild state devices and should be casegrounded to the common station ground to protect it fromstray RF fields and static discharges coming from theantenna.

Do not subject the Model 30 or the Directional Coupler tooutdoor environments or to other extremes of temperatureand humidity. Nominal precautions are all that is requiredfor good performance, however, since the Model 30 circuitshave exceptional temperature stability.

Front panel switching is provided for up to three antennasand a dummy load using outboard coaxial relays of yourchoice. The optional accessory, Model 51 Relay Box (indooronly) is fully compatible with the Model 30 which furnishes 12volts a.c., 250 mA through switch control1ed rear panelconnections. A simple wiring change will convert thesecontrol outputs to a grounding contact circuit, which issometimes more convenient for switching relays of yourchoice. When using other than the Model 51, Relay Box theModel 30 switch contacts must be arc protected and theaccessory relay coil must be limited to 0.5 Amps at 30 voltsd.c., If relay switching is not used in your installation, theModel 30 panel switches designated AI, A2, A3, and DUMMYLOAD and their rear panel connections may be disregarded.

4


Two rear panel mounted RCA Type phono connectors provided.c. outputs which track the SWR and RF POWER - WATTSmeter readings. Full scale readings correspond to 1 volt ateither output, with and internal circuit resistance of 10Kohms. The optional accessory Signa1crafters ModeJ 40, Audio- Tuner, plugs into these two connectors. If not used theymay be disregarded.

You will need a nominal 120 volt, 60 Hz, power source withgrounded receptacle. Line voltage changes wilJ havenegligible effect on the accuracy of the Model 30 powermeasurements due to the inherent voltage regulation of thecomputer circuits.

NOTICE

Export Model 30E SWR/Power Meter is equipped with amulti-tap, 120/240 Volt, 50/60 HZ,transformer. Refer to theDIFFERENCE DATA SHEET, for instructions on changingtaps to the specific voltages.

5

SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30

OPERATION

Prior to an initial trial of the instrument, re-check thehook-up. Be sure the RF is passing through !heDirectional Coupler in the correct direction. This isleft to right as you face the instrument. If the coupleris remote mounted, make sure the connecting leads areproperly oriented. If there is an error in the hook-up,the meter reading will be meaningless.

Note that all push-button switches are equipped withself-indicating flags that remain visible only when theswitch is pushed all the way in. The AC power switchflag is ORANGE; all others are WHITE. Now operateall the switches so that NO flags are showing.

Plug in the the AC power cord and press in the ACpower switch. The ORANGE flag will remain visibleand the 20W (watt) LED should light. The Model 30 isnow set to read average power. To measure peak power,press in t~e PEAK/ AVG switch, so the WHITE flag isvisible. The computer will now re-adjust from the 20W(watt) to the 200W (watt)or to the 2000W (watt) rangeautomatically as you increase transmitter poweroutput, and the appropriate LED indicator will tell youwhich range to read on the RF power meter. In theAUTO RANGE mode there is never a danger ofoverscale readings, due to the fast acting comparatorcircuits. If you desire to stay on the 20W (watt) range,simply press the 20W (watt) switch all the way in,

Signalcrafters recommends the following sequence or checklist be used until you have gained familiarity with all theModel 30's operating controls and features. Figure 2identifies the operating controls by name and ReferenceDesignation for your aid. Figure 3 identifies the rear panelconnections while figure II identifies the proper orientation ofthe Directional Coupler in relation to INPUT and OUTPUT.

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SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30 SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30

It should be noted also that forward powers above 20WATTS produce the most accurate SWR measurements.This is due to a natural characteristic of diodedetectors as used in the Directional Coupler to lose

displaying the WHITE flag. Simllarly, the 200W (watt)range may be manually selected, or by pressing in bothswitches to display both WHITE flags, the 2000W (watt)range is manually selected. Occasionally you may wantto return to the 20W (watt) power range in the AUTORANGE mode, this is accomplished by a momentarypush on either power range switch. In any event, theappropriate LED indicator will light and tell you whichpower scale to read. Just a little practice will revealthe true simplicity of this convenient power rangeadjustment, should the switch settings at first seemslightly confusing.

9

5. Once the SWR is minimized, the proper load is beingpresented to the transmitter. Now tune up the trans- .mitter for maximum performance, selecting the appro-priate power range manually or automatically, as youprefer. You need not re-adjust the antenna tuner sincethe adjustments are quite independent. Remember thatthe LED indicator will always tell you which powerscale to read regardless of the power range switchsettings.

4. Apply a small amount of RF power and observe theSWR meter. If an antenna tuner is used, tune for theminimum SWR. During tuning, the forward power maychange a lot. Ignore the forward power changes andwatch only the SWR meter. The automatic SWRcomputer circuits deal with the changing power levelsfor you. You will find that tune up is much easier thanbefore if you have been using a conventional SWRmeter, since no manual meter adjustments are involved.

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SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30 SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30

The wide natural dynamic range of the SWR computer used inthe Model 30 at times will provide a large SWR indicationwith very little forward power. This uncommon sight,compared to the usual SWR meter or dual watt meter, maybe wrongly considered to be a malfunction of the Model 30.It is, instead, a proper function and quite useful, since itallows for an SWR check with very little transmitter output.Quite often, carrier leak from an exciter may be amplified bythe linear amplifier to a level that will operate the Model 30SWR/PWR Meter while "touching up" the antenna tuner,without creating much interference on the band.

In the event you are unable to obtain a low SWR at low poweroutput, but you can obtain a low SWR at high power output,you have reason to suspect your transmitter of spuriousoutput at a frequency removed from the carrier. Thespurious output undoubtedly "sees" a large mismatch at theantenna or antenna tuner and if large enough, may operatethe SWR computer. This effect goes away at highertransmitter powers since the computer will then be moreresponsive to the larger forward and relative smaUerreflected powers at carrier frequency where your antennasystem provides a better matched load for your transmitter.

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efficiency at very low powers. This however, does notdetract from the utility of the instrument in determ-ining the lowest SWR while using very low transmitterpower levels.

The PEAK/ AVG switch changes the Model 30 circuitsfrom fast attack/slow release in the PEAK mode,typically used for measuring peak power during SSBoperation, to fast attack/fast release in the AVG mode,typicaJly used for measuring CW or other steady statecarrier power.

SOME INTERESTING EFFECTS

10 11


Push-to- Talk Transients: It seems that some SSBtransceivers generate an RF "click" or pulse of RF powerwhen the Push-to- Talk button is pressed. The impulse isshort and usually causes no problems on the air, but the fastresponding AUTO RANGE circuits of the Model 30 respondsto this and may up-range the instrument, to a higher thanrequired range. Also, if the PEAK/ AVG switch is in thePEAK, position, the fast attack/slow release detector willmeasure the peak power in the pulse. It is a normal effectand not a malfunction of the Model 30. To reset to a lowerpower range, simply press either power range switchmomentarily, or use the appropriate manual power range.

Atmospher ics. Dur ing electrical storms static impulsestravel down the transmission line from the antenna. Thesewide band signals are sometimes strong enough to activatethe SWR computer. The SWR computer interprets thesesignals as "reflected" and displays a high SWR, sometimesgreater than full scale. Such indications should be taken as awarning to ground the antenna system and shut the stationdown. Large static charges can damage the DirectionalCoupler, as well as other equipment in the station.

NOTE

If your needs should change after you have ordered yourModel 30 SWR/Power Meter and the desired DirectionalCoupler, consult your local Dealer or the factory for the fullline of Directional Couplers for VHF, UHF, QRP, anddifferent impedances available from Signalcrafters, Inc.

For Specifications of the Accessory Directional Couplers Seethe Signalcrafters, Inc. Catalog for details.

12

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SPECIFICA nONS

ELECTRICAL:

Frequency Range: Dependent upon the Directional Couplerpurchased, with SWR/Power Meter. *

Insertion SWR: Less that 1.05 to 1. Dependent upon theDirectional Coupler purchased.

Impedance. 50 to 52 Ohms, or 75 Ohms, dependent upon theDirectional Coupler purchased, with SWR/Power Meter.

Indicators: Two meters plus three (red) LED - RF Range in-dicators, 20W, 200W, and 2000W.

RF POWER - WATTS Meter: Three scales, 0 - 20' WATTS, 0 -200 WATTS, and 0 - 2000 WATTS,

Meter Response: Related to mode selected:AVG(Average) - Fast attack/fast release,PEAK - Fast attack/slow release.

Accuracy: i6% at full scale, at 1:1 SWR.

SWR - REFLECTION COEFFICIENT Meter:Two scales: SWR - 1 to Infinity.REFLECTION COEFFICIENT - 0.1 to 1.0.

Controls. Six self-indicating push buttons, providing powerON/OFF control, manual or automatic range selection,power metering mode PEAK/ AVG, and antenna ordummy load selection,(see OPERATING Section forfunctional description of operation.

*Model HF23l-Directional Coupler, 1.8 - 30MHz,50-52 Ohms,2KW.

13

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SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30SIGNALCRAFTERS MODEL 30

PARTS LISTSPECIFIC AnONS (CONT)

ELECTRICAL (Cont):The following list of parts is provided for your informationshould repair or replacement parts be required.

Part Numbers:

Manufacturers Code.

Listed below are, manufacturer's cod~s used in this parts listfor your ease in identifying the various replacement parts.The code appears in parenthes~s after the description.

Part numbers listed are those of the applicable manufacturerand in most cases are standard off-the-shelf items, availablethrough a well stocked distributor.

Allen-BradleyBussman Mfg.Belden CorporationCentra1abCTSFairchild SemiconductorIllinois Capacitor SalesITT SemiconductorKemetMouser ElectronicsMotorola Semiconductor Products, Inc.National SemiconductorsSignaJcrafters, Inc.SwitchcraftH.H.Smith Co.Texas Instruments Semiconductor Division

AOO!BOOlB002C002C003F00210011002K001M002M003NOO!SOOlS002S004TOOl

2- Female, RCA Type, phono connectors, output toSignalcrafters Model 51, Relay Box, 12 volts a.c., 250milliamperes max.

2 _ Female, RCA Type, phono connectors, output toremote, Power and/or SWR indicators, 0-1 Volt d.c. -10K Ohms, internal resistance. Output to SignalcraftersModel 40, Audio - Tuner for audible tune-up indication.

Dimensions:Width - 8-1/2 in. (21.6 cm),Height - 4-1/2 in. (10.8 cm),Depth - 5 in. (12.7 cm), (Directional Coupler NOT inplace).7 in. (17.8 cm), ( Directional Coupler, installed).

MECHANICAL:

Color: Two-tone epoxy finish, Gray/Charcoal, with brushedAluminum trim.

Power Requirements:120 Volts a.c., 60 Hz (Domestic Model 30), 120/240 Volta.c., 50/60 Hz (Export Model 30E).

Connectors:2 _ Male, RCA Type, phone connectors, (mating withconnectors on Directional Coupled, input toSWR/Power Meter.

Weight:

5 Ibs (2.27 kg).

Note: For other mechanical parts it is recommended that theunit be returned to the Factory for service.

1415

~GNALCRAFTERSMODEL30REFERENCE PART . DESCRIPTION OTYDESIGNATION NUMBER REO

CRI,2,3,4 IN914 SEMICONDUCTOR,DIODE,SILICON (1002) 4

CR5,6,7,8 IN4002 SEMICONDUCTOR,DIODE,SILICON,POWER (f002) 4CI,2,4,6,7 21EWOOI CAPACITOR,CERAMIC DISC,O.OOI Uf,lOD VDCW.(M002) 5

C3 21EW005 CAPACITOR,CERAMIC DISC,O.005 Uf,lOO VDCW (M002) I

C5 T363B685 CAPACITOR,ELECTROLYTIC,TANTALUM,6 UF 120X,MD35AS 35 VDCW (KDDI) I

C8 21EWOIO CAPACITOR,CERAMIC DISC,O.OI UF,IOO VDCW (M002) I

Cg T362B226 CAPACITOR,ELECTROLYTIC,TANTALUM,22 UF 120X.M006AS 6 VDCW (KOOI) I

CIO,ll 477RAR016A CAPACITOR,ELECTROLYTIC,ALUM.,470 UF,I6 VDCW(IDOl) 2

CI2,13 DDI02G CAPACITDR,CERAMIC OISC,O.OOI UF,GMV,IDOO VDCW(C002) 2

CI4 21EWD20 CAPACITOR,CERAMIC DISC,O.02 UF,IOO VDCW (MD02) I

Fl AGC-I/4 FUSE,CARTRIDGE,I/4 AMP (BOOI) I

F2 AGC-3/4 FUSE,CARTRIDGE,3/4 AMP (BODI) I

JI,2 3502-FP CONNE CTDR, RECEPTACLE, FEMALE, RCA TYPE, PHDNO3,4 (S002) 4

MI S40101 METER,RF POWER,SPECIAL,3 SCALES,O-20,O-200,0-2000 (Slgnalcrafters,lnc - SOOI) I

M2 S40102 METER,SWR/REFLECTION COEFFICIENT,SPECIAL(Slgnalcrafters,lnc. - SOOI) I

PI 17237 CONNECTOR,PLUG,AC,3-PRONG,MOLDED,6 FT.LONGGRAY VINYL (B002) I

P2,3 3502 CONNECTOR ,PLUG,MALE ,RCA TYPE, PHONO (S002) 2

P4 1576 CONNECTOR,FEMALE,I/4 IN.SPADE LUG,CRIMP (S004) 1QI,2 2N3904 SEMICONDUCTOR,TRANSISTOR,SILICON (TOOl) 2

Q3,4 2N5457 SEMICONDUCTOR,TRANSISTOR,SILICON (M003) 2

RI,2,3,4 CBI045 RESISTOR,FIXEO,COMP,IOOK OHMS t5X,1/4W (AOOI) 4

R5,6,22,23 CBIB25 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,I,800 OHMS t5X,1/4W (AOOI) 4

R7 CBI545 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,I30K OHMS t5X,1/4W (AOOI) I

R8 NOT ASSIGNEDR9,I0 CB4745 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,470K OHMS 15X,1/4W (AOOI) 2

Rll CBI845 RESISTOR,fIXED,COMP,I80K OHMS t5X,1/4W (AOOI) I

16


REFERENCE PART DESCR IPTI ON OTYDESIGNATION NUMBER REO

R12,17.35 CB1055 RESISTOR.FIXED,COMP.I MEGOHM 15~.1/4W (AOOI) 3

RI3,I5 CB2035 RESISTOR,FIXEO,COMP.20K OHMS 15~,1/4W (AOOI) 2

R14.18 C89115 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,9io OHMS 15~,1/4W (AODI) 2

RI6,20 C81035 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,IOK OHMS 15~,1/4W (AOOI) 2

RI9 NOT ASSIGNEDR21 CBI545 RESISTOR.FIXED,COMP,150K OHMS 15~.1/4W (AOOI) I

R24,25.26 C81515 RESlSTOR.FIXED,COMP,150 OHMS, 15~,1/4W (AOOI) 3

R27 375Y-504 RESISTOR,VARIABLE,CERMET,500K OHMS (C003) I

R28,32 375Y-I04 RESISTOR,VARIABLE,CERMET,IOOK OHMS (C003) 2

R29 375Y"254 RESISTOR,VARIABLE,CERMET,250K OHMS (C003) I

R30 375Y-I03 RESISTOR,VARIABLE,CERMET,IOK OHMS (C003) I

R31 375Y-503 RESISTOR,VARIABLE,CERMET,50K OHMS (C003) I

R33 CB2235 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,22K OHMS 15~,1/4W (AOOI) I

R34 CB6835 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,68K OHMS 15~,1/4W (AODI) I

R36 GB4715 RESISTOR,FIXED,COMP,470K OHMS, 15~,IW (AOOI) I

S1.2,3.4.5,6 AI0070 SW ITCH, PUSH-BUTTON, 6 STA liON, LOCKI NG,MECHANICAL FLAGS (Signalcrafters,lnc ••SOOI) I

TBI 1089 STRIP,TERMINAL (S004) I

TB2 864 STRIP,TERMINAL (S004) I

Tl AIOO09 TRANSFORMER,POWER,I20V AC,50/60HZ PRIMARY,12-0-12 V SECONDARY (Signalcrafters,lnc.-SOOI) I

UI DF-955 SEMICONDUCTOR,INTEGRATED CIRCUIT,SPECIAL,CUSTOM POWER METER (Signalcrafters,lnc ••SDDI) I

U2 LM324N SEMICONDUCTOR, INTEGRATED CIRCUIT,QUAD DP AMPL,(NOOI) I

U3 LM741CN SEMICONDUCTOR,INTEGRATED CIRCUIT,SINGLE OPAMPL (NDOI) I

VRI IN4739A SEMICONDUCTOR,DIODE,ZENER,9 V,15~,IW (MOD3) I

VR2 LM7805CT SEMICONDUCTOR, INTEGRATED CIRCUIT,VOLTAGE .REGULATOR,t5~ (NOOI) I

Xfl,2 HKP FUSEHOLDER,PANEL MOUNTING (BOOI) 2NOTE

OIRECTIONAl COUPLER IS NOT FIELD REPAIRABLE. INTIlE EVENT Of TROUBLE UNIT MUST BE RETURNED TOFACTORY FOR REPAIR AND RECAlIBRATIllH.

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

The' Schematic Diagram, Figure 6, illustrates the circuitconfiguration of the Model 30 SWR/Power Meter. Theschematic diagram is invaluable for trouble-shooting shouldthe need arise. The schematic diagram together with theparts list should . enable a technician to make repairs to theSWR/Power Meter should it ever be necessary. TheDirectional Coupler is not field repairable and should bereturned to the factory for repair and recalibration if atrouble should result.

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FIGURE 6

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....,.IZO vOL'B &C

50""'",

21

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MODEL30 - Signalcrafters