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MODEL WatErshED MastEr pLan anD pLanning tOOL –WatEr QuaLity anD npDEs rEguLatiOns iMpLEMEntatiOnPACE performed a watershed-wide analysis of the San Gabriel/Coyote Creek watersheds (and is currently preparing plans for the remaining watersheds located in Orange County) to illustrate how to implement new various control measure re-quirements to mitigate hydromodification on new developments. These measures include low impact development (LID), hydromodification control, and treatment control to address hydrologic conditions of concern (HCOC), and support long-term watershed masterplanning goals. The planning process involved a multi-step process of characterizing and analyzing the wa-tershed and sub-surface conditions utilizing sophisticated GIS mapping tools. The project effort resulted in a dynamic planning tool that is accessible by County staff and property owners and provides watershed-specific support for integrating water quality, hydromodification, water supply and habitat protection issues as part of selecting and designing BMPs to meet the requirements of the County’s Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP). Specifically, this planning tool provides information related to infiltration feasibility and hydromodification susceptibility at the watershed and sub-watershed scale that will help inform BMP selection and design for a proposed project. Infiltration feasibil-ity and hydromodification susceptibility are fundamental factors in the selection and sizing of BMPs to meet the requirements of the MWQMP and TGD.
Specific features of the watershed management planning tool include:• Regional watershed application of new MS4 criteria• Watershed information mapping database characteristics and constraints to assist site specific user• Identification of areas with Hydrologic Conditions of Concern (HCOC) for default basis• Technical foundation for site assessment screening using infiltration LID• Identification of areas with ability to participate in regional / subregional BMPs opportunities• Subwatershed plans and strategies planning /process•Technical guidance for demonstrating equivalent water quality benefits compared to onsite facilities
WatErshED CharaCtEriZatiOn / Mapping tOOLs
A GIS database will help to characterize the physical resources that provide the foundation for an understanding of watershed characteristics. This will assist in the planning process to support identification of project opportunities and constraints, while guiding effective watershed planning implementation.
Topographic Relief
Hydrologic Soil Types Depth to Groundwater
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Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Newport BayWatershed
Santa Ana River Watershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
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SoilsHydrologic Group
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Watershed inventory / Characterization• Technical foundation for site assessments• Identification of opportunity / constraints
– Hydrologic Characteristics– Drainage Facilities Inventory– Water Supply– Geologic Constraints
Data sources• Multiple Agencies
Limitations• Funding Resources/Level of Accuracy/Availability
Regional Channel Types
Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Newport BayWatershed
Santa Ana River Watershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
CHANNEL TYPES
8,500 0 8,5004,250
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FIGURE 4.1COYOTE CREEK/SAN GABRIEL CREEKWATERSHED INFILTRATION HYDROMODIFICATION MANAGEMENT PLAN
Nikki "Hoopz" Alexande
LegendEarth (Unstable)Earth (Stabilized)Stabilized
WatErshED DELinEatiOn DrainagE FaCiLitiEs / Mapping tOOLs
Urban Drainage Facilities Regional Database
Urban Drainage Facilities Regional Database
Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Newport BayWatershed
Santa Ana River Watershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
E03
A08
B01
A04
A06
A01
A02
B01
A03
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B02
A07
C01
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REGIONAL FLOOD FACILITIES
8,500 0 8,5004,250
Feet
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FIGURE 2.7COYOTE CREEK/SAN GABRIEL CREEKWATERSHED INFILTRATION HYDROMODIFICATION MANAGEMENT PLAN
Legend
Regional Flood Facilities
Local Storm Drains
Urban Drainage Facilities Mapping Database
Urban Drainage Facilities Mapping Database
COnstraint CharaCtEristiCs FOr hyDrOMODiFiCatiOn anD LiD
Watershed hydromodification mapping characterizes all major channels or reaches within a given watershed as “susceptible” or “not susceptible” to hydromodification and includes delineations of the tributary area to each susceptible channel reach. Hydro-modification is defined as the physical response of stream channels to changes in catchment runoff and sediment yield caused by land use modifications. The maps are intended to be used as the default basis for determining whether a susceptible channel segment exists downstream of the project a part of determining whether HCOCs exist.
hydromodification susceptibility Mapping tool
Channel Erodibility Data• Watershed mapping / subareas• 100-year floodplains• Hydrography• Lakes / reservoirs / basins• Storm drains• Channel locations / types / materials
– Verification with aerial photographs– Extent of digital channel data
• In-stream structures
Watershed Erosion• Erosion potential
Data issues• Quality of data• Conflicts / inconsistencies
Limitations• Verification required in downstream
Hydromodification Susceptibility – Erosion Potential
Watershed Surface Soils – Erosion Potential
Hydromodification
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4.3.2
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Potential Areas of Erosion, Habitat, &Physical Structure Susceptibility
Channel TypeEarth (Unstable)
Earth (Stabilized)
Stabilized
COnstraint CharaCtEristiCs FOr hyDrOMODiFiCatiOn anD LiD
Infiltration feasibility maps are intended to provide a preliminary planning level assessment of those infeasibility criteria that can be mapped meaningfully at a watershed or sub-watershed scale. The maps identify areas where infiltration is clearly infeasible to avoid the need for small projects to conduct site-specific testing that is unlikely to be necessary.
infiltration Feasibility assessment Mapping tool
infiltration Limitations / Constraints• Soil permeability• Depth to shallow groundwater• Groundwater protection / Contamination• Landslides• Sewer systems high I/I zones• Liquefaction hazard zones
Low Permeability Soils
Potential Landslide Areas
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Newport BayWatershed
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Potential Landslide Areas
rEgiOnaL WatErshED OppOrtunitiEs anD pLanning stratEgiEs
A key role to watershed planning is to identify potential opportunities for regional and subregional stormwater management facilities that can play a critical role in meeting water quality, hydromodification, water supply, and/or habitat goals within the watershed rather than relying on individual site-specific treatment. Future subwatershed analysis can tier off this regional facility planning effort to develop subwatershed control strategies in compliance with the MS4 Permit. Subwatershed BMP facilities identified as part of this initial screening process are intended to serve as the planning and implementation tool for developing a subwatershed control approach, demonstrating that stormwater requirements and watershed objectives are still met based on scientifically based and technically sound analysis.
process for implementing subregional /regional Facility strategies
Generalized Steps1. Select opportunity locations2. Develop subwatershed plans and supporting analysis3. Implement regional/subregional facilities and administer participation
Facility implementation and prioritization also depends on variety of factors including (1) maximizing water quality benefits, and (2) timing opportunities of projects (i.e. development forecasts).
Site Factors• Physical characteristics• Ownership considerations• Receiving water conditions• Watershed characteristics• Development forecasts• Stakeholder input
subwatershed plan Minimum Elements1. Develop Subwatershed control strategy2. Conceptual facility plans and design criteria3. Estimate facility capacity and expected performance4. Establish criteria for project participation5. Describe implementation plan
– Funding mechanism– Schedule– Monitoring / Operations /Maintenance
Open Space Areas with ExistingRetarding Basins
Resulting Potential Regional Sites
Contributing Watershed - Regional Sites
Infiltration Constraints Physiographic Constraints
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Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Newport BayWatershed
Santa Ana River Watershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
0 8,500 17,000Feet
LegendSubbasin OutlinesPotential BMP Opportunities
REGIONAL/SUBREGIONAL BMP OPPORTUNITIESWATERSHED INFLUENCE ZONES
FIGURE 7.1COYOTE CREEK/SAN GABRIEL CREEKWATERSHED INFILTRATION HYDROMODIFICATION MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Newport BayWatershed
Santa Ana River Watershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
B01-08
B01-04 B01-11B01-19
B01-17
B01-22 B01-31 B01-46
B01-54
B01-58
B01-62
B02-02B01-15
B01-13 B01-20
B01-25B01-47
B01-45
B01-50B01-52
B01-57
A03-19
A03-21
A03-23
A03-25
A04-01
A03-16
A03-15
B01-34
A03-11
A03-09A03-08
A03-07
A03-14
A03-13
A03-05A03-04
A03-03
B02-05
B01-26B01-05
B01-39
A01-01
C01-03
B01-12
B01B03
B01B06
B01B07
A06B01
B01-48
B01B05
B01-07
A03-10
B02-04B02-03
B02-01
B01-09
B01-01
B01-16
C01-01
B01B02
B01B04
LegendSubbasin Outlines
B01-57
Potential BMPBMP Contributing Area
REGIONAL/SUBREGIONAL BMP OPPORTUNITIESWATERSHED INFLUENCE ZONES
FIGURE 7.2COYOTE CREEK/SAN GABRIEL CREEKWATERSHED INFILTRATION HYDROMODIFICATION MANAGEMENT PLAN
0 8,500 17,000Feet!I
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CypressRe ta rd ing
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Re ta rd ingBasin
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LEGENDPotential BMP Locations
Existing Retarding Basin
Open Area
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
CypressRetarding
Basin
LosAlamitos
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LEGENDPhysiographic BMP Constraints
Potential BMP LocationsExisting Retarding Basin
Open Area
Potential BMP Location Removed
Anaheim Bay-Huntington HarborWatershed
Santa Ana RiverWatershed
Los Angeles County
San BernardinoCounty
CypressRetarding
Basin
LosAlamitos
RetardingBasin
RaymondRetarding
Basin
CrescentRetarding
Basin
Placent iaRetarding
Basin
Gi lber tRetarding
Basin
RossmoorRetarding
Basin
0 8,000 16,000Feet
LEGENDPotential BMP Locations
Existing Retarding Basin
Open Area
Potential BMP Location Removed
ORANGE COUNTYORANGE COUNTY
LOS ANGELES COUNTYLOS ANGELES COUNTY
LOS
ANGELES
COUNTY
LOS
ANGELES
COUNTY
FULLERTON
ANAHEIM
SEALBEACH
BREA
BUENA PARK
PLACENTIA
CYPRESS
LOSALAMITOS
LA PALMA
BREA
LA HABRA
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LEGENDCity Boundaries
PCPI Results0 - 1011 - 2021 - 3031 - 4041 - 50
ORANGE COUNTYORANGE COUNTY
LOS ANGELES COUNTYLOS ANGELES COUNTY
LOS
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LOS
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COUNTY
FULLERTON
ANAHEIM
SEALBEACH
BREA
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PLACENTIA
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LOSALAMITOS
LA PALMA
BREA
LA HABRA
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LEGENDCity Boundaries
Subbasins
PCPI Results0 - 1010 - 20 20 - 3030 - 4040 - 50
Implementation planning should also emphasize the strategic location of BMPs that have been chosen to maximize the pollutant reduction within a watershed. An approach using a GIS-based tool can provide guidance for the systematic prioritizing of BMP projects to optimize pollutant reduction in a cost effective manner. The tool employs different weighting factors to assess high pollutant loading based on pollutant generation and watershed impairments. The methodology will generate a numerical scoring system to determine the subwatershed priority index based on the annual commutative pollutant loading tributary to a specific facility and weighted based on watershed specific impairments for the different pollutants to provide a relative importance within the watershed.
rEgiOnaL BMp iMpLEMEntatiOn priOritiZatiOn
Methodology for analysis of Determination of regional BMp prioritization
• Analysis similar to Geosyntec SBPAT• Smaller subwatershed parcels of 40 acres• Computation of annualized area weighted pollutant load for different constituents landuse based
– Runoff Coefficients– Pollutant EMCs– 85th percentile 24-hour depth
• Normalize between high to low valueCopper
Zinc
Overall Pollutant Loading Results
Subbasin Pollutant Loading Results
17520 nEWhOpE strEEt, suitE 200 | FOuntain VaLLEy, CaLiFOrnia 92708 • 714.481.7300 | WWW.paCEWatEr.COMAdditional Offices: Scottsdale • Beijing • Moscow
gis WatErshED sitE pLanning tOOL
Identify Site
1
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Regional Facility & Drainage Facilities
Site BMP InformationSite Subwatershed Location
Regional Infiltration Constraints
Receiving Waters Flowpath
An interactive GIS mapping tool was developed to assist general public located within the watershed to be able to utilize the information database about their specific site and readily provide information in a format that would (1) answer specific questions about their site related to MS4 permit requirements and applying the WQMP, (2) assist in providing the required design information for BMP facilities, and (3) identifying the regional BMP which could be uti-lized to mitigate their particular site.
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