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Module Objectives
This module will enable students to recall• information about the history of CMMI• fundamentals of model-based process improvement• benefits of process improvement• concepts related to CMMI implementation
Participants will have an opportunity to gain familiarity with process definition
SM
Topics
Process Improvement Concepts
Fundamentals of Model-Based Process Improvement
CMMI Development
Benefits of Process Improvement
CMMI Model Representations and Basic Concepts
Improvement Based on CMMI Models
Defining Processes
Summary
General Definition of Process
A process is a set of practices performed to achieve a given purpose;it may include,tools,methods,materials and/or people.
Quality Leverage Points
While process is often described as a leg of the process-people-technology triad, it may also be consider the “glue” that unifies the other aspects.
PEOPLE Everyone realizes the importance
of having a motivated,quality work
force but even our finest people
can’t perform at their best when
PROCESS TECHNOLOGY the process is not understood or
Major determinants of product cost, operating “at its best.”Schedule,and quality
Why Focus on Process?
Process provides a constructive,high-leverage focus• as opposed to a focus on people
- Your work force, on the average, is as “good” as
it is trained to be.
- Working harder is not the answer.
- Working smarter, through process, is the answer• as opposed to a focus on technology
- Technology applied without a suitable roadmap
will not result in significant payoff.
- Technology provides the most benefit in the
context of an appropriate process roadmap.
The Process Management PremiseThe quality of a system is highly influenced by
The quality of the process used to acquire, develop,
And maintain it.
This premise implies a focus on processes as well
As on products.• This is a long-established premise in manufacturing• Belief in this premise is visible worldwide in quality
movements in manufacturing and service industries
(e.g., ISO standards).
Topics
Process Improvement Concepts
Fundamentals of Model-Based Process Improvement
CMMI Development
Benefits of Process Improvement
CMMI Model Representations and Basic Concepts
Improvement Based on CMMI Models
Defining Processes
Summary
Early Process Improvement
The theories of process management are a synthesis of the concepts of Deming, Crosby, Juran, and others.
Over the past 30 years, these theories have been used to address problems common to many organizations.
Solutions have been discovered, but a gap existed between the state of the practice and the state of theart.
Many of these concepts have been used to buildprocess-improvement models.
What Is a Process Model?
A model is a structured collection of elements that
describes characteristics of effective processes.
Processes included are those proven by experience to
be effective.
How Is a Model Used?
A model is used• to help set process improvement objectives and
priorities• to help ensure stable, capable, and mature
processes• as a guide for improvement of project and
organizational processes• with an appraisal methodology to diagnose the
state of improvement efforts
Why Is a Model Important?
A model provides• a place to start• the benefit of a community’s prior experiences• a common language and a shared vision• a framework for prioritizing actions• a way to define what “improvement” means for your
organization
“All models are wrong; some are useful.”
-George Box
Multiple Models
The SEI, ISO, EIA, and other organizations have
Generated models• based on widely-accepted practices• with a proven history of benefits
These successful efforts generated a number of
Related models.
Related Models
Model Related models
Software CMM Software AcquisitionCMM
(SA—CMM)
Team Software Process
(TSP)
People CMM (P-CMM)
PersonalSoftwareProcess
(PSP)
Systems Engineering Capability Model
(SECM)
ISO 9000 series ISO/IEC 12207
ISO 10011
Topics
Process Improvement Concepts
Fundamentals of Model-Based Process Improvement
CMMI Development
Benefits of Process Improvement
CMMI Models Representations and Basic Concepts
Improvement Based on CMMI Models
Defining Processes
Summary
Why Use CMMI?
CMMI provides guidance for improving your
organization’s processes and your ability to
manage the develoment,acquisition,and
Maintenance of products or services.
CMMI places proven approaches into a structure that
- helps your organization exrmine the effectiveness
- establishes priorities for improvement
- helps your implement these improvements
CMM Intergration Project
The CMMI Intergration Project was formed to• build an initial set of intergrated models• establish a framework to enable intergration of future models• Create an associated set of appraisal and training productsSource models severing as the starting point for CMMIWhere• SW-CMMI (software) V2.0 Draft C• EIA/IS-731 (systems engineering)• IPD-CMM (intergrated product development) V 0.98
SM
The CMMI Product Team
Membership from• Industry• U.S. government• Software Engineering Institute
Membership characterisitics• Average of about 21 years experience• from organizations with soild process improvement cr
edentials
Development Strategy
Base the models contents on current best practies as represented in widely-accepted soyrce models.
Conduct public reviews of the models.
Conduct pliots of the products suite prior to officialProduct release.
Update the product suite based on feedback from pilotsand reviewers.
Release v 1.0 of the rpoduct suite.
Update the product suite based on feedback from users.
Release v 1.1 of the updated product suite.
The CMMI Product Suite
A framework for generating integrated products to
support product and process improvement• reference models• training products• appraisal methods
These products share• common terminology• common components
CMMI Models
Model options systems + software engineering• systems + software engineering + integrated product and process development (IPPD)• systems + software engineering + integrated product and process development + supplier sourcing(SS)Representation options• staged• continuousThis course will address models that include systems and software engineering, IPPD, and suppliersourcing.
Special CMMI Terminology
Each body of knowledge related to produst or porcess
development in CMMI is considered a discipline.
Software engineering,systems engineering,intergrated
Product and process development,and supplier
Sourcing are all considered disciplines.
Intergration Means Organization ChangeAs product complexity increases,the need for
multidisciplinary work groups also grows.
Real organization change is required for an intergrated
engineering apporach to succeed.
Proccesses cannot simply be intergrated on paper.
Break on Through to the other Side
When an organization moves to
CMMI, it acknowledges a
business need to improve
management processes and
place the focus where it
belongs:
on process and product.