MLS 2B - GROUP 4 - POVERTY.pdf

MLS 2-B ( GROUP 4 ) ENOC ELECCION TENEFRANCIA GALANTO OLIVARES

POVERTY

Poverty is when a familys income fails to meet a federally established threshold that differs across countries.

It is measured with respect to families and not the individual, and is adjusted for the number of persons in a family.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

Survey

a representative sample of people

are asked to answer questions

on their income and spending.


United Nations Poverty Index

combines measures such as life expectancy, literacy, long term unemployment and relative income.


Budget Standard Approach

a poverty line is calculated based on the cost of a specific basket of goods and services that are considered by experts, to represent a basic living standard.


Social Security Poverty Line

when lowest level of social welfarepayment is used as equivalent to a poverty line.


Food Ratio Method

where the poor are distinguished from the non poor by the proportion of their money spent on necessities such as food, clothes and shelter.

POVERTY THRESHOLD

- the annual per capita income required or the amount to be spent to satisfy nutritional requirements (2000 calories) and other basic needs.

POVERTY THRESHOLD

FE = actual food expenditure of families within the +/-ten percentile of the food threshold TBE = total basic expenditure of families within the +/- ten percentile of the food threshold.

POVERTY THRESHOLD

Types of Poverty

Absolute Poverty

Relative Poverty

Situational Poverty

Generational or Chronic Poverty

Absolute Poverty

Chronic lack of basic food, clean water, health and housing Experience lot of child deaths from preventable diseases like cholera and water-contamination related diseases.

Absolute Poverty

This type of poverty is usually long term in nature Often handed to them by generations before them.

Relative Poverty

This kind is usually in relation to other members and families in the society.

Cannot afford vacations, or cannot buy presents for children at Christmas, or cannot send its young to the university.

They have access to government support for food, water, medicine and free housing but they are still considered poor because the rest of the community have access to superior services and amenities.

Situational Poverty

People or families can be poor because of some adversities like earthquakes, floods or a serious illness.

Sometimes, people can help themselves out of this situation quickly if they are given a bit of assistance.

Generational or Chronic Poverty

This is a more complicated type of poverty.

This is when poverty is handed over to individuals and families from generations before them.

People in this type of poverty are usually trapped in its causes.

Have no access to tools that will get them out of this situation.

History

War & political instability

National Debt

Corruption

National economy

Income distribution

Causes of poverty

High population growth

Rural to urban migration

Tragedy

Low wages

Discrimination in the workplace

Individual circumstances and characteristics

Causes of poverty

no school or education

child labor to help the parents

lack of basic hygiene

transmission of diseases

homelessness

teenage pregnancy

early marriage on girls

prostitution on girls

Individual

Effects of Poverty

Crippling accidents due to unsafe working environments

Violence and crime

Poor housing

The poor in slum areas dispose their household garbage and even human wastes.

Community

Effects of Poverty

High Infant Mortality and Annual Death Rate

Increased risk of war

Low economy

Country

Effects of Poverty

STATISTICAL UPDATES

World Updates

Source : World Bank, World Development Indicators.

STATISTICAL UPDATES

ASIA Updates (www.worldbank.org.ph)

STATISTICAL UPDATES

Philippines Updates

Poorest place:

Located in

Mindanao

Least poorest :

Luzon

SOURCE : National Statistics Coordination Board

STATISTICAL UPDATES

Philippines Updates (National Statistics Coordination Board)

STATISTICAL UPDATES

Philippines Updates (National Statistics Coordination Board)

Lanao - 68.9%

Apayao - 59.8%

Eastern Samar - 59.4%

Maguindanao - 57.8%

Zamboanga del Norte 50.3%

Davao Oriental - 48%

Ifugao - 47.5%

Sarangani - 46.5%

Negros Oriental- 45.3%

Masbate - 44.2%

North Cotabato - 43.9%

Northern Samar- 43.7%

Bukidnon - 43.3%

Lanao del Norte - 42.5%

Sultan Kudarat - 41.6%

POOREST Province in the Philippines in the first 6 month of the Year 2012

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty Level

10. TOGO REASONS :

lack of sustainable political system lack of leadership qualities in their rulers

and many more which lead them to this situation

Its income per capita is 898 dollars which is below the poverty line


9. MALAWI

It is one of the poorest countries of the world due to certain reasons one of them is the poor communication system.

Its income per capita is 860$

REASONS :


8. SIERRE LEONE REASONS:

Its income per capita is below the poverty line and still it is considered to be one of the best exporters of the world.


7. ERITREA REASON:

Eritrea is an African country and its economy is based on agriculture. Metal is one main thing that this country exports in the world.

Its income per capita is 777 dollars.


6. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

REASONS: Its main economy is based on agriculture.

The main reasons for its economic downfall is lack of honesty of their rulers with their public, lack of good administration, different diseases are growing in this region and AIDS is one of them.

Its income per capita is 767 dollars.


5. BURUNDI REASONS: Having a population greater than its economy.

lack of good political system

high rate of corruption.

They dont have enough food for its whole population so they are dying of hunger.

Its income per capita is 614 $


4. NIGER REASONS:

Having a great issue of gender discrimination making it a very hard place for women to survive.

It is one of the land locked countries and has income per capita below the poverty line.


3. LIBERIA REASON:

This country has faced many civil wars and the one happened in 1989 not destroyed its whole economy

Income per capita of 49$.


2. ZIMBABWE REASONS:

Faced many civil wars

Corrupt leaders which made this countrys economic situation worst.


1. CONGO Congo commonly known as DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLIC OF CONGO comes at the top of this list of TOP POOREST COUNTRY OF THE WORLD.

Its a Central African country having a capita per income of 348$ and its reasons for its economic downfall is the same as the reasons stated above.

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Employment generation

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Drawing on various social institutions to fund poverty fighting programs

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Transparency in government spending

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Cancelling

impossible to repay

world debts

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Prioritizing programs that target fundamental human rights

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Taxing the rich more and the poor less

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Building self-sufficient economies

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Education

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Involvement of the media

SOLUTION TO POVERTY

Microfinancing

Documents

MLS 2B - GROUP 4 - POVERTY.pdf