MLA Style for MLA Style for Bibliographies and Bibliographies and CitationsCitations

A Brief Introduction.A Brief Introduction.

Primary RulePrimary Rule

Include the least amount of information Include the least amount of information that will allow your readers to find the that will allow your readers to find the precise work you used.precise work you used.

BooksBooks

Last, First. Title. City: Publisher, Year.Last, First. Title. City: Publisher, Year.

Examples:Examples:Allende, Isabel. Retrato en Sepia. Barcelona: Allende, Isabel. Retrato en Sepia. Barcelona:

Plaza Janés, 2000.Plaza Janés, 2000.

---. Portrait in Sepia. Trans. Margaret Sayers ---. Portrait in Sepia. Trans. Margaret Sayers Peden. New York: Harper Collins, 2001.Peden. New York: Harper Collins, 2001.

Essays in BooksEssays in Books

Last, First. “Essay Title.” Book Title. Ed. First Last, First. “Essay Title.” Book Title. Ed. First Last. City: Publisher, Year. Pages.Last. City: Publisher, Year. Pages.

Example:Example:Navarro Tejero, Antonia and Manuel Cabello Pino. Navarro Tejero, Antonia and Manuel Cabello Pino.

“Magic Realism in Arundhati Roy and Isabel “Magic Realism in Arundhati Roy and Isabel Allende: The Experience of Dislocation.” Allende: The Experience of Dislocation.” Figures of Figures of Belatedness: Postmodernist Fiction in EnglishBelatedness: Postmodernist Fiction in English. Ed. . Ed. Javie Gascueña Gahete and Paula Martín Salván. Javie Gascueña Gahete and Paula Martín Salván. Córdoba, Spain: Universidad de Córdoba, 2006. Córdoba, Spain: Universidad de Córdoba, 2006. 225-37. 225-37.

ArticlesArticles

Last, First. “Article Title.” Last, First. “Article Title.” Journal TitleJournal Title volume.issue volume.issue (year): pages.(year): pages.

NoteNote: Do not include the issue number if the journal is : Do not include the issue number if the journal is paginated continuously. Include it if you’re not sure. paginated continuously. Include it if you’re not sure.

Example:Example:Lagos, María Inés. “Female Voices from the Borderlands: Isabel Lagos, María Inés. “Female Voices from the Borderlands: Isabel

Allende’s Allende’s PaulaPaula and and Retrato en SepiaRetrato en Sepia.” .” Latin American Literary Latin American Literary ReviewReview 30.60 (2002): 112-127. 30.60 (2002): 112-127.

Online-Only or HTML Full Online-Only or HTML Full Text ArticlesText Articles

Last, First. "Article Title." Last, First. "Article Title." Journal TitleJournal Title volume.issue (year): pages if paginated. date. volume.issue (year): pages if paginated. date. <URL>. <URL>.

Example:Example:Foley, Barbara. "'Lepers in the Acropolis': Liberalism, Foley, Barbara. "'Lepers in the Acropolis': Liberalism,

Capitalism, and the Crisis in Academic Labor." Capitalism, and the Crisis in Academic Labor." Contemporary LiteratureContemporary Literature 39 (1998): 317-335. 39 (1998): 317-335. ProQuestProQuest. 20 April 2007. . 20 April 2007. <http://proquest.umi.com/>. <http://proquest.umi.com/>.

Adding AnnotationsAdding Annotations

After the last element of the bibliographic After the last element of the bibliographic entry, write a short paragraph describing entry, write a short paragraph describing the work and its relevance to your the work and its relevance to your research.research.

Formatting the Formatting the BibliographyBibliography

Titled “Works Cited.” (title centered)Titled “Works Cited.” (title centered) Hanging indentsHanging indents Double spaced, just like the body of the Double spaced, just like the body of the

paper.paper. Alphabetical by author’s last name. If Alphabetical by author’s last name. If

there is no author, use the title instead.there is no author, use the title instead. Capitalize all major words in titles.Capitalize all major words in titles.

Primary RulePrimary Rule

The rule of least information, plus The rule of least information, plus the rule of least confusion and the rule of least confusion and greatest readability.greatest readability.

Citing Quotations, Citing Quotations, Paraphrases, and IdeasParaphrases, and Ideas

(last name, page number; last name, page (last name, page number; last name, page number).number).

Include a shortened title if last name alone is Include a shortened title if last name alone is not enough to uniquely identify the work.not enough to uniquely identify the work.

Place at the end of a sentence, before the Place at the end of a sentence, before the period, unless that’s confusing.period, unless that’s confusing.

Example:Example:(Allende “Portrait,” 278)(Allende “Portrait,” 278)

Questions?Questions?

Either about MLA style or about your Either about MLA style or about your research.research.