MLA

2/23/2012

The Wealthy

• About 3% of the Population

• Old vs. New Money

• An Endogamous culture

Learning Objectives

• Critically analyze social problems by identifying value perspectives and applying concepts of sociology, political science, and economics;

• Use knowledge and analyses of social problems to evaluate public policy, and to suggest policy alternatives, with special reference to questions of social justice, the common good, and public and individual responsibility.

Opportunities to discuss course content

• Today- At study abroad table in Ragsdale

• Monday – 10:00-1:00

Readings

Required Civil Rights (Chapter 11)

Optional Racial and Ethnic Inequality (Chapter 3) Kendall

PAPER 1

About the paper

The major part of this course is the development of a 12-15 page paper in which you will analyze a current, controversial social problem, review public policy related to this problem, present both sides of the argument, and compare/contrast your own solution. The paper will be completed in three stages.

Paper One• Background of the Social Problem,• Due 3/1/2012• Submit Papers in two ways

– In Class on 3/1/2012 (grade of zero if you fail to do this)

– On turnitin.com by 11:59 p.m on 3/1 (5 pt deduction if you fail to do this

• The paper you turn into class is your graded paper

• No late papers

Paper 1 Specifics

• Must be in MLA format– Header– Page numbers– Margins– Internal citations– Works Cited Page

• 5-6 pages in length plus works cited page• 10 citations needed

Paper I Format

The Paper RubricComponents• Introduction• Scope of the problem• Origin Causes• History and Background• Current Policy

MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION STYLE

What is MLA?MLA (Modern Language Association) style formatting is essential for doing well in American Dilemmas

What does MLA regulate?

MLA regulates:

Document Format

In-text citations

Works Cited

(a list of all sources

used in the paper)

THINGS TO UNDERSTAND ABOUT MLA

Format: General Guidelines• Double-space everything

• Use 12 pt. Times New Roman font (or similar font)

• Leave only one space after punctuation• Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides• Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-

inch• Page Numbers on all pages

Formatting the 1st Page• No title page

• Double space everything

• In the upper left corner of the 1st page, list your name, your instructor's name, the course, and date

• Center the paper title

• Create a header in the upper right corner at halfinch from the top and one inch from the right of the page (include your last name and page number)

Sample 1st Page

IN THE BODY OF THE PAPER

In-Text Citations: the Basics

• MLA uses parenthetical citations

• Parenthetical citations depend on the medium (e.g. Print, Web, DVD)

• Parenthetical citations also depend on the source’s entry on the Works Cited page

How to cite an AuthorIn-text Example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous

overflow of powerful feelings" (263).

Or

Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of

powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263). Wordsworth extensively explored

the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Corresponding Works Cited Entry:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford

U.P., 1967. Print.

How to cite an author

In-text Example:

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as "symbol-using animals" (3).

Human beings have been described as "symbol-using animals" (Burke 3).

Corresponding Works Cited Entry:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays

on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of

California P, 1966. Print.

With Unknown Author

In-text Example:

We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region

has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to

monitor and study environmental change . . .” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6).

Corresponding Works Cited Entry:

“The Impact of Global Warming in North America.”

GLOBAL WARMING: Early Signs. 1999. Web. 23 Mar.

2009.

Other In-Text Citations

Classic & Literary Works with Multiple Editions

In-text Example:

Marx and Engels described human history as marked by class struggles

(79; ch. 1).

Authors with Same Last Names

In-text Example:

Although some medical ethicists claim that cloning will lead to designer

children (R. Miller 12), others note that the advantages for medical

research outweigh this consideration (A. Miller 46).

Other In-Text Citations

Work by Multiple Authors

In-text Examples:

Smith, Yang, and Moore argue that tougher gun control is not needed in the

United States (76).

The authors state "Tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second

Amendment rights" (Smith, Yang, and Moore 76).

Jones et al. counter Smith, Yang, and Moore's argument by noting the current

spike in gun violence in America compels law makers to adjust gun laws (4).

Other In-Text Citations

Sources from the Internet

In-text Example:

One online film critic stated that Fitzcarraldo is "...a beautiful and terrifying critique of

obsession and colonialism" (Garcia, “Herzog: a Life”).

Corresponding Works Cited Entry:

Garcia, Elizabeth. "Herzog: a Life." Online Film Critics

Corner. The Film School of New Hampshire, 2 May

2002. Web. 8 Jan. 2009.

Formatting Short QuotationsIn-text Examples:

According to some, dreams express "profound aspects of personality" (Foulkes 184),

though others disagree.

According to Foulkes's study, dreams may express "profound aspects of personality"

(184).

Is it possible that dreams may express "profound aspects of personality" (Foulkes 184)?

Cullen concludes, "Of all the things that happened there / That's all I remember" (11-

12).

Formatting Long QuotationsIn-text Example:

Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her

narration:

They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room,

and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping

it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing

his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on

quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was

obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and

inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78)

WORKS CITED

Works Cited vs. Bibliography

• Works Cited– Includes only things cited or appearing in the text

• Bibliography– Everything you used for the paper– Even stuff that didn’t make the final cut

MLA USES A WORKS CITED

Works Cited Page: The BasicsSample Works Cited page:

Works Cited Page: BooksBasic Format:

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication:

Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

Examples:

Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York:

Penguin, 1987. Print.

Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to

Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, 2000. Print.

Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. New York: St.

Martin's, 1997. Print.

---. The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Carbondale:

Southern Illinois UP, 1993. Print.

Works Cited Page: PeriodicalsArticle in a Magazine Format:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical Day Month Year:

pages. Medium of publication.

Example:

Buchman, Dana. "A Special Education." Good Housekeeping

Mar. 2006: 143-8. Print.

Article in Scholarly Journal Format:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year):

pages. Medium of publication.

Example:

Duvall, John N. "The (Super)Marketplace of Images: Television

as Unmediated Mediation in DeLillo's White Noise." Arizona

Quarterly 50.3 (1994): 127- 53. Print.

Works Cited Page: WebWeb Source Format:

Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). “Article

Name.” Name of Site. Version number. Name of

institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor

or publisher). Date of last update. Medium of publication.

Date of access.

Works Cited Page: WebExamples:

Bernstein, Mark. "10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.”

A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites. A

List Apart Mag., 16 Aug. 2002. Web. 4 May 2009.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory.

Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. Web. 10 May 2006.

"How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow.com. eHow,

n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2009.

Racial and Ethnic Inequality

Terms to Know

• Prejudice

• Discrimination

They are not the Same thing

Sources of P&D

• Ethnocentrism

• Economic Competition

• Stereotyping

Exclusion

• Limiting full participation

Segregation

• De Jure

• De Facto

Expulsion

• Native Americans

• Japanese

Genocide- discrimination at its worst

Discrimination based on Sexual Orientation

• Not based on a visibly ascribed status

• Not counted in the U.S. Census

Homophobia

• What it is it?

• What are the results

Legal Protections

• Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Prevention Act

• Lawrence v. Texas (2003)

Legal Restrictions

• Don’t Ask Don’t Tell (repealed)

• Defense of Marriage Act

• The laws in Texas

The Future of DOMA

• Candidate Obama

• In 2011, the Justice Department stopped defending DOMA.

State Laws

Age Discrimination

• Work and Retirement

• Age discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

• Work Place discrimination

Racial and Ethnic Inequality

Race and Ethnicity

• Not the Same

• Race is biological

• Ethnic groups are cultural

African Americans

• Largest non-white racial group in the U.S.

• First African Americans arrived in 1619

• No other group experienced Slavery in America

Dred Scott vs Sanford

• Involved a slave suing for his freedom

• Court ruled that he had no standing to sue

• Set the groundwork for the Civil War

The Ending of Slavery

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

Racial Discrimination after Reconstruction

• Very Common throughout the U.S.

• De Facto in the North

• De Jure in the South (Black Codes/Jim Crow Laws)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• Court ruled in favor of de jure segregation

• Equal protection of the law did not apply to non-political equality or to the actions of states.

The Development of Civil Rights Policy

• Initial Goals

• The Role of Public Opinion

The Role of the 14th Amendment

• Original Purpose

• State Segregation

Brown Case (1954)

• Class action suit involving 4 states

• Court struck down De Jure segregation

• Resistance to The Decision

The Current Racial Balance of Schools

• De Facto Segregation Rules the Day

• Federalism and Funding are the reasons.

Civil Rights act of 1964

• Adds Teeth to the Brown Decision

• Ends Segregation through Law

• Cross-Cutting legislation regarding federal funding

Voting Rights act of 1965

• Ends State attempts to deny suffrage to African-Americans

• African Americans vote at almost the same rates as Whites today.