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Ulrich Kohn, CISSP
Technical Marketing Director
Mitigating Security Risk in Practical vCPE
Solutions
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.2
Protection Is Becoming a Challenge
Multiple reasons why security is a key concern
• Attackers: from script kiddies to organized crime and intelligence services
• Increased sophistication: advanced persistent threats (APT), bootkit-based threats
• Disruptive technologies: control/data plane separation; virtualization; open versus proprietary
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.3
NFV: Opportunity or Threat to Network Security?
Managed security services is a $20 to $30bn market – KEEP THE BALANCE
• Immediate activation of security safeguards
• Security analytics• PaaS and security offload,
pooling of security expertise• Application isolation, micro-
segmentation, central control
• Image, patch management
Opportunities
• Larger attack surface, high-value targets
• Higher system complexity• Shared resources, common
hypervisor• From proprietary to open
protocols• Out-of-country processing
(compliance)
Challenges
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.4
Vodafone VPN+ Multi-Vendor Demonstrationat Mobile World Congress, February 2016
Automated site activation including firewalling
Use Case 1:
Automated scale-in and scale-out
Use Case 2:
DDos prevention with analytics
Use Case 3:
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.5
Some Attack Vectors
Virtualised Network Functions (VNFs)
Management and
orchestration
VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF
NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)
Virtual Compute
Virtual Storage
Virtual Network
Virtualisation Layer
Hardware Resources
Compute Storage Network
Disgruntled employee
Hypervisor and controllerattacks
Customer portal, public APIse.g. DDoS
Backdoor to hypervisor, control software
Rogue VNF, noisy neighbor, malicious code
Social engineering
Spoofing, sniffing, MITM
Compromise remote debugging/test
interfaces
Increased complexity, human error
Rootkit
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.6
OpenStack Security Controls
• Keystone authentication and token-based authorization
• TLS for accessing APIs
• SSH for VM management / system-level communication; SSH key injection with VM creation
• Multi-tenant capability
• Traffic isolation by VLANs, Linux name spaces, security groups (Neutron, Nova); port/tenant based: address filter, firewall, NAT
• Availability zones
• Sanitization of released storage space
Network
Horizon
Dashboard
ImagesObjectStorage
VolumeService
ComputeService
Keystone
IdentityService
Virtual Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
NeutronGlanceSwiftCinderNova
API, Authentication, Network, Images, Volums, Objects
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.7
vCPE Use Case – Edge NFV
Enterprise
Metro NetworkCarrier Ethernet
Communication Service Provider
vRouter
FSP 150 ProVM with integrated server
CoreIP-MPLS
Servers e.g. video
vFirewallvIDS
Challenges with OpenStack in a distributed compute environment
• OpenStack optimized for DC applications within security perimeter
• vCPE Use case: internal OpenStack interfaces connect over public networks
• End point in untrusted environment (CSP view)
• Present implementations do not provide comprehensive security controls*
*Source: NFV Interoperability Evaluation, NIA/EANTC report on LightReading.com; Dec. 2015
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.8
A BT Perspective:Securing Openstack Over the Internet
Source: “How NFV is different from Cloud: Using Openstack for Distributed NFV”, Peter Willis, BT; SDN and OF World Congress, Düsseldorf, Oct 2015.
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.9
Risk Mitigation in Edge NFV
Virtual Compute
Network
VNF VNF
VNF VNF
vir
tual
vir
tual,
physic
al
Risk mitigation with OpenStack security controls
Security appliances such as IDS/IPS, firewalls but also service assurance functions
Security additions to DPDK e.g. experimental Crypto API (Release 2.2), keep alive signaling, new performance management functions
Encryption per virtual connections and/or bulk encryption
Trusted platform module, hardware security modules for secure boot, key integrity
Lower layer encryption becomes essential security control
CPE device
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.10
Security Assurance in Edge NFV
Open OS/Hyperv.
X86 Server
perf. assurance
hardened SW/HW
OpenStack in box
HW acceleration
tamper resistant
assura
nce level Hardened Server
FSP 150vSE
Hybrid ServerFSP 150 ProVM
COTS Server
Open OS/Hyperv.
X86 Server
perf. assurance
hardened SW/HW
HW encryption
Open OS/Hyperv.
X86 Server
functionality
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.11
Security Work of Selected Standard Bodies and Industry Alliances
• ETSI NFV ISG: “NFV Security; Problem Statement”, ETSI GS NFV-SEC 001, October 2014 + SEC 00x releases in 2015
• OpenStack Foundation: “OpenStack Security Guide“; best practices and implementation guide for securing an OpenStack implementation
• ONF: “Principles and Practices for Securing Software-Defined Networks”, January 2015, ONF TR-511
• ONOS: Security response process, security emergency team
• OPNFV security-related projects such as Moon, Barbican
Standard bodies and industry alliances focus on security
© 2016 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.12
Securing Edge NFV Devices
• OpenStack in distributed compute
environments calls for additional security
controls
• Defense in depth for mitigating attack
surface in NFV-centric networks
• Pure-player software and hybrid edge
NFV devices for different levels of security
assurance
ADVA Optical Networking - your expert in edge NFV
Thank You
IMPORTANT NOTICE
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