8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

1/15

Map Layout

A Brief History of Cartography

Sample Maps ArcGIS Layout Exercise

MIT - 1.963: Environmental Engineering Applications of GIS

9/20/04

Credits : Christian Adams

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

2/15

A History of Cartography First Maps6200BC -Catal-Hyuk Map Wall Painting

Assyria map of Mesopotamia (2500 B.C.)on a clay tablet. (interpretation)600BC - Babylonia first map with worldsurrounded by the sea and heavenly bodies(interpretation )6 th century B.C. - first Greek map ascribed to

Anaximander no details survivePlato first to put earth as sphere- 400BCErasthosthenes- 250BC-measures the Earthscircumference accurately concept of grids450 BC - First Map in western literature:Herodotus

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

3/15

Ancient Middle Ages

Eskimos in Canadian ArcticBedouin tribesmen in Arabian desert South Asia 8 to 6 th B.C.

Middle Ages and RenaissanceWorld Exploration Europe,Asia,N.AfricaWorld Map - Fra Mauro ,Venice (1447)1st Atlas Geography Bologna (1477)

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

4/15

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

5/15

History (continued)

Jerusalem (1660s) Royal Observatory at Greenwitchestablished (1675) prime meridianNew England (1685) Dutch Nova Scotia (1771) Upper Missouri Basin (1882) Indians

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

6/15

Big Steps

Work starts on the GreatTrigonometrical Survey of India (1802)First photos from a plane (1908)

Sydney (1922) Robinsons Aeroplane MapSputnik (1957), NASA (1958)

ArcInfo (1981) ESRI

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

7/15

Design & LayoutIntended Audience

multiple designs are possible!

Map Purpose, Intended Messagevisual hierarchy of map elementsappropriate projection

judicious use of decorations (dont diminish content)Media, Resolution, and Viewing Distance

adjust type and line sizes to suitadjust colors to media & test maps in final media

Designbalance empty spaces in layoutavoid unthinking use of boxes around map elements

refine alignment to clean up map designexperimentation and critique in improving design

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

8/15

Elements of a MapMain Map ViewLocator MapTitle and Subtitles

LegendsScale Indicator

Orientation IndicatorGraticule

Explanatory TextSource NoteNeatlines

Projection infoPublisher, year, etc.

Charts, Tables,Photos & GraphsLables

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

9/15

National Parks -

Great Smokey Mountains

Carolina (1732)Carolinas (1861)Tennessee Roadless Areas (1979)Great Smokey Mountains Nat. Park

USGS Quad (1964)Great Smokey Mountains Nat. Park

Trail Map (1997)

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

10/15

National Parks - Grand Canyon

Rio Colorado (1858) shaded relief USGS (1873)Panorama from Pt. Sublime (1882)Geology (1882)National Park (1926) relief

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

11/15

National Parks - YellowstoneGeology (1878)Radar Mosaic (1968)Fire Damage (1988)

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

12/15

United States Atlases1870

River SystemsRain

1880Rainfall

1890

Railroad System1970General Reference

PrecipitationMonthly Precipitation

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

13/15

US Environmental DataMaine Coast Wetlands (1979) - NWIIrrigated Agricultural Land (1987)Water Withdrawls (1990) 3DImpaired Waters TexasBoston Population

DotsCirclesDensity

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

14/15

Baltimore HarborWatershed Management StudySWMM ModelNonpoint Source ModelingFigures

Chapters 1-3Chapters 4-5

Appendix C

8/9/2019 Mit Gis Lec3

15/15

Layout ExercisesESRI Virtual Campus

Sign in and establish an accountPenn State Edition: Cartographic DesignFirst Module Free: Big Picture DesignHand in printouts for Extra CreditOther modules & courses available through MIT

Lab Exercise 3Due next week Make it look professional!creative layout rewarded