Mississippi State University

Intro to Electrical & Computer Engineering

Power System Application Laboratory

(PSAL)September 25, 2003

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratory, Inc.

SEL Project

Motivation

• Brief Overview of power engineering

• Show that power engineering relates to many areas of ECE

• Show that power engineering has high tech applications of technology

• Educate & Recruit ECE students in the area of power

Power =

Utility

Power > Utility

Our Society Requires Energy

12%more

25%more

35%more

44%more

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2005 2010 2015 2020

By 2020, U.S. Electricity Needs Will Increase by 44%

Source: U.S. Department of Energy

50% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Coal

20% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Nuclear Energy

16% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Natural Gas

7% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Hydroelectric

3% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Oil

2% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Renewables

The Main Interconnections of the U.S. Electric Power Grid

Power Flow

Power Substation

High Voltage Transmission Lines

Transmission Substation

Power Plant

Undergraduate Power Related Courses:

Fundamentals of Energy Systems

Power Transmission

Power Distribution

High Voltage

Insulation Coordination in Electric Power Systems

Power Systems Relaying and Controls

For more information:

Website: www.ece.msstate.com

What is Protective Relaying?

Protective Relaying is one of several features of the power system design that is concerned with minimizing damage to equipment and interruptions to service when

electrical failures occur.

Primary Function: Cause the prompt removal of any element of a power system when it starts to operate in any abnormal manner

Secondary Function: Provide indication of the location and type of failure

Types of Protective Relays

• Electromechanical

• Solid State

• Digital (Microprocessor)

Protective Relay Requirements

• Measure Power System Voltage, Current, and Breaker Position

• Detect Power System Fault– Short circuit via overcurrrent, current differential,

impedance, undervoltage, etc.

• Trip Breaker– Isolate fault portion of the power system

• Communicate with Computer Systems• Communicate with Humans

Protective Relay Requirements

• Dependable – Always operates for power system faults in the zone of

protection

• Secure– Does not operate during normal power system

conditions or for faults outside the zone of protection

• Fast– Detects and clears faults in milliseconds

• Accurate– << 5% error over a wide range of fault conditions

 Generating Demonstrations and Laboratories

Using A Power Relaying Test System

Mike Collum, Schweitzer Engineering Labs (SEL)

Noel N. Schulz,

Haibin Wang,

Yanfeng Gong,

Nick Amann, &

Derrick Cherry

Mississippi State University

Allison Robinson,

Mississippi School of Math & Science

(MSMS)

System Data Flow DiagramSystem Data Flow Diagram

All the Data flows are bi-directional

• Use PC to change the setting or get results from Adaptive Multi-Channel Source (AMS) through serial communication link

• AMS & Relay interact via serial communication

Check out…

Broken Relays

Demos