MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, - observatory.egnatia.gr

http://observatory.egnatia.gr

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monitoring of egnatia motorways’ spatial impacts

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND PUBLIC WORKS


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The Egnatia Motorway is one of the largest road projects under construc-tion in the last years in Europe, and is included among the priority proj-ects of Trans-European Transport Networks. The 670 km long motorway crosses Northern Greece horizontally, connects the most major urban centres of the region, links 4 harbours and 6 airports, serves 15 indus-trial zones and a lot of other business areas (commercial centres, logistics etc), and serves an abundance of tourist regions and cultural places.

Consequently, the Egnatia motorway:

structure of Northern Greece,

-sibilty of natural and cultural environment, the mobility and the net-working of cities and settlements, and influences the land uses and land values,

Greece in Central and South-eastern Europe, and via its vertical axes functions as a collector route for Pan-European Corridors IV (Berlin - Sofia - Thessaloniki), IX (Helsinki - Alexandroupolis) and X (Vienna - Belgrade - Thessaloniki) all end at the Egnatia Motorway.

Acknowledging the wider importance of the motorway project, EGNA-TIA ODOS A.E. established and operates the Observatory of the Egnatia Motorway, that provides monitoring and reporting of the motorway’sspatial impacts.

Based on documented scientific methods and the development of modern infrastructure of information systems, the Egnatia MotorwayObservatory collects, processes, and provides valid and updated dataconcerning:

and services,

and the intraregional inequalities,

network, and

A TOOL AT THE SERVICE OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

The Egnatia motorway Observatory monitors, and informs about the spatial impacts of Egnatia motorway in socio-economic growth and territorial cohesion, in spatial structure and planning, in housing development and networking of settlements, in transport systems and mobility, as well as in the environment.

The Observatory is developed as a strategic tool providing information and support services to regional development and spatial planning policies and programmes. The results, the reports and more generally the produced material of the Observatory are avail-able to citizens and interested agencies and institutions via the Internet, but also via print publications, booklets, special events etc.


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ORGANISATION – PRODUCTION

Τhe Egnatia Motorway Observatory is the only observatory of transport and spatial impacts, with a permanent organization and operation, in Greece. It is an organisa-tion with a scientific/technical structure, capable of providing valid and updated information and documentation for the motorway’s spatial impacts, beyond the usual statistical reports. By creating the Observatory and incorporating it in the existing structure of EGNATIA ODOS A.E. the maximum possible compatibility and complementarity with the other activities of the company is achieved, and at the minimum possible cost, as the existing human resources and equipment are uti-lized in a more rational and effective way.

The Observatory develops specialized know-how on Information Systems for Spa-tial Data Management and Indicator Monitoring that enables the recording, calcu-lation, and monitoring of various indicators, as well as their geographical analysis.

The Observatory Information System includes the operation of a website on theInternet (http://observatory.egnatia.gr) through which Observatory products arepresented and diffused. An electronic library and a database with supporting ma-terial and metadata have also been developed.

Applications(GIS software etc.)

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EGNATIA ODOS A.E. Information Technology (IT)

data products


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https://intranet.egnatia.gr

http://www.egnatia.eu



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The Observatory bases the monitoring and study of the Egnatia motor-way’s spatial impacts on a system of indicators, by applying scientifically documented specifications, methods, and analysis tools used in current European practice. The system of indicators is developed towards full compliance with the latest know-how in spatial impacts assessment of transport and Trans-European Networks (i.e. EEA-TERM, ESPON proj-ects).

Thus, this indicators system is not static – it undergoes a constant review and is being adapted to new requirements, and scientific developments. The system comprises aproximately 50 indicators. These indicators pro-vide information and analysis of the status of development, societal, en-vironmental, and transport characteristics of the areas affected by the Egnatia motorway and its vertical axes. For operational reasons and in correspondence with the categories of spatial impacts, the indicators are classified in three large groups: (a) socio-economic & spatial plan-ning, (b) environmental, and (c) transportation indicators.

For each indicator the following are drafted:

(a) The Technical Bulletin providing the scientific and technical – meth-odological specification for calculating the indicator.

(b) The Calculation Manual describing each step of the calculation andmonitoring method.

(c) The Results Factsheet, presenting the processed results of each in-dicator.

The combined assessment and evaluation of indicator results is carriedout around four basic parameters related to the main objectives of EU policy:

(1) mobility and accessibility,

(2) economic and social cohesion,

(3) balance and networking of settlements, and

(4) quality of environment.

The Egnatia Observatory was examined by the research institute NordRegio as a case study for the implementation of the ESDP (European Spatial Planning Perspective) in the context of the ESPON programme (European Spatial Planning Observatory Network - project 2.3.1: Application and effects of the ESDP in Member States, 2007, URL: http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/243/366/index_EN.html)

THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS


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Socio-Economic and & Spatial Planning Indicators

Benefited population

SET02 Market Size

SET03 Work Force

SET04 Growth and prosperity level (GDP per head)

SET05 Unemployment rate

SET06 Accessibility of transport modes

SET07 Accessibility of industrial areas

SET08 Accessibility of sites of cultural & tourist interest

SET09 Population change

SET10 Urban population changes

SET11 Hierarchy of urban centres

SET12 Population density

SET13 Composition of production by industry sector (GVA)

SET14 Composition of employment by industry sector

SET15 Foreign trade

SET16 Urban landuse changes

SET17 Industrial and commercial landuse changes

SET18 Real estate changes

SET19 Business location

SET20 Enterprise development

Transportation Indicators

TRA01 Traffic volume (AADT)

TRA02 Traffic composition

TRA03 Person Movements

TRA04 Travel-time

TRA05 Time-distance

TRA06 Freight (transport of goods)

TRA07 Annual Vehicle kilometres

TRA08 Road safety

TRA09 Level of service

TRA10 Road network density

TRA11 Traffic Volume on National Road

TRA12 Trans-border movements

TRA13 Intermodal transport

TRA14 Characteristics of Vehicle Movements

TRA15 Passenger Journeys by alternative transport modes

Environmental indicators

ENV01 Population exposed to traffic noise

ENV02 Air pollution

ENV03 Cohesion - fragmentation of settlements

ENV04 Tunnel air quality

ENV05 Landscape restoration

ENV06 Fragmentation of natural areas

ENV07 Land use changes

ENV08 Proximity to protected areas

ENV09 Crossings with surface waters


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Each indicator has specific spatial application levels that are the IMPACT ZONES of the EGNATIA MOTORWAY.


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Egnatia motorway constitutes the main axis facilitating combined transport growth, as well as of manufacturing, commercial and tourist activities in its impact zone. It considerably decreases the time-distances between cities, terminal stations and transit centres.

The Traffic Department (Direction of Operation, Sectorof Operation and Maintenance) of EGNATIA ODOS A.E. isthe basic traffic data source for the Observatory’s trans-portation indicators. Since 1997, EGNATIA ODOS A.E. hasaunched a traffic count program with systematic traffic

counts performed on the Egnatia Motorway corridor andts Vertical Axes. The traffic count collection and process-ng system developed, is an integrated system that will

ultimately comprise 65 stations in total. A TRAFFIC FORE-CASTING MODEL has also been developed, to provide anabundance of traffic data, forecasts and analyses concern-ng the Egnatia Mainline and its Vertical Axes.

TotplciiuCai

time-distance

from to before Egnatia with Egnatia

Igoumenitsa Kipi 11 hours, 30’ 6 hours, 10’

Igoumenitsa Ioannina 1 hour, 45’ 45

Ioannina Thessaloniki 5 hours 2 hours, 15’

Thessaloniki Kavala 2 hours, 15’ 1 hours, 15’

Kavala Alexandroupoli 2 hours, 20’ 1 hours, 15’

Alexandroupoli Kipi 25’ 15’


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INTERREGIONAL ANNUAL AVERAGE TRAFFIC VOLUME, 1993 AND 2006

Region of Destination and OriginTraffic Volume Percent Change

1993 - 2006

Central Macedonia – East Macedonia and Thrace 148.50 %

Central Macedonia –West Macedonia 176.70 %

Central Macedonia – Epirus 134.50 %

Total 160.50 %

152%

130%

207%

145%

41%

92%

185%

66%

251%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

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Ioann

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Kozan

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Kavala

Xanthi

Komoti

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Average Annual Traffic Volume percent change between Thessaloniki andother cities 1993-2006

Data Source: Ministry of Environment, Physical Planning and Planning Works, 1993 & EGNATIA ODOS A.E. - Operation & Maintenance Division - Traff ic Department


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The Egnatia motorway:

Greece and EU (such as the Regions of Epirus, Western Macedonia and Thrace) and as a result,

-bility, and provides the backbone for a new polycentric model of spatial growth,

planning, changing the conditions in the transportation systems, in attracting investments, in allocation of activities, and in regional policy,

-sibilty of natural and cultural environment, the mobility and the networking of cities and settlements, and influences the land uses and land values,

route for the Trans-European Transport Networks, through the vertical axes.


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Changes in the area around the Egnatia motorway, Ioannina I/C, 1998-2007:

67 new enterprises

426 new jobs, of which:

68% in commerce

16% in transport – storage

5% in hotels – restaurants etc

5% in constriction

5% social services

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

700%

STATUTORY VALUES MARKET VALUES

MAXIMUM PERCENT CHANGE 1998 AND 1999 - 2007

THESSALONIKI AREA -

IOANNINA AREA - I/C 05IOANNINA

KOMOTINI AREA - I/C 38EAST KOMOTINI


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GDP per capita in the impact zone of the five regions is 14,524€, equivalent to the 71.6% of the EU 27 average (2006, Eurostat data).

Ioannina, Grevena and Thesprotia Prefectures had the highest growth rate in the period 1995-2006 (GDP in mill. of € and constant prices), while Karditsa, Imathia and Drama Prefectures had the lowest.

Unemployment rate in the impact zone of the five Regions was 9.15%, which is higher that the country’s unemployment rate. (2007 Eurostat data).

61% of the population in the five-region zone is employed in the services sector, 20.6% in the industry sector and 18.4% in the agriculture sector. The percentage of employment in the primary and secondary sectors in the five-region zone, is higher that the country’s respective employment rates, while in the tertiary sector it is lower (2004 Eurostat data).

The ratio of exports to imports in the zone of the five regions is 0.53 while the national ratio is 0.29, which reveals that Northern Greece is mainly export-oriented (2007 Greek National Statistics Agency data).

Data Source: EUROSTAT and Greek National Statistics Agency, May 2009.

Prefectures: GDP/habitat in PPS as a percentage of the European Union average, (EU27), 2006

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The Egnatia Motorway impact zone, including the five regions of East Macedonia & Thrace, Central Macedonia, West Macedonia, Epirus and Thessaly, represents:

the total national product).

irrigated land,

country.

In the decade 1991-2001 the total population increase in the zoneof the five regions is 6.7%. The respective population increase forthe prefectures of Thessaloniki and Xanthi is higher than 10%. Thefour large urban centres of the region of Thrace (Alexandroupolis,Xanthi, Orestiada and Komotini) show impressive increase (16.9%- 32.1%)


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Before the Egnatia Motorw ay and verticle axisAfter the Egnatia Motorw ay and verticle axis

Level of of settlements fragmentation before and after the Egnatia Motorway and 5 verticle axis

The Observatory collaborates with the Department of Environment, (Directory of Maintenance, Sector of Operation and Maintenance), of EGNATIA ODOS A.E. which monitors air, noise and water pollution, during the operation of the motorway. Under this collaboration a special project, regarding the measurement and mapping of Road Traffic Noise is currently under way, according to Directive 2002/49/EC. The operation of the motorway has led to the bypass of many existing settlements, improving the quality of life by reducing the percentage of population exposed to traffic noise. For the calculation of environmental indicators the Observatory also works with the Department of Environment and Landscape Restoration (Design Directory, Sector of Works) of the EGNATIA ODOS A.E.


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Recent reports and Working Papers

“6th indicators results report”

“Transport policy and territorial cohesion – The case of the Egnatia motorway in Northern Greece”

“Possession rate of vehicles and basic developmental indicators in the impact zone of Egnatia motorway, Greece”

“Pilot study of land use and land value changes in 3 selected urban areas in the direct impact zone of the Egnatia motorway”

“Enterprise development in the Egnatia motorway’s impact zone”

“Determination and Analysis of Functional Urban Regions, based on daily commuting: the role of Egnatia motorway”

“1st spatial impacts report of Egnatia motorway: mobility - cohesion - balance – environment”

“The Regions on the path of Egnatia motorway: up-to-date socio-economic profile”

Current research studies

The role of Egnatia motorway in polycentric growth in its impact zone.

Study of transport Indicators: commercial transportation, intermodaltransport, mobility in the cross-border stations, mobility with alter-native means of transport.

Study of Egnatia motorway impacts on the accessibility of other means of transport (harbours, airports, railway stations), develop-ment zones (industrial and manufacturing areas, technological parksetc), and tourist locations.

Study of land-use and land-value changes, as well as of enterprises’ location, around 15 interchanges of Egnatia motorway.

Measurement and mapping of road traffic noise across the popu-lated areas on the axis of Egnatia motorway.

Observatory Web site:


In the period from 06/06/2005 to 30/05/2009 the web site has 5.497.665 hits that correspond to:

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND PUBLIC WORKS


6th km Thessaloniki - ThermiP.O. Box 60030570 01 Thermi, Thessalonikitel: +30 2310 470362fax: +30 2310 475 937 e-mail: [email protected]

Egnatia Odos Observatory

EGNATIA ODOS A.E.

© EGNATIA ODOS Α.Ε. 2009

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MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, - observatory.egnatia.gr