Mindanao Strategic Development Framework 2010-2020

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MINDANAO STRATEGICDEVELOPMENTFRAMEWORK2010-2020

National Economic and Development Authority



Mindanao Strategic Development Framework 2010-2020

MINDANAO

STRATEGICDEVELOPMENTFRAMEWORK2010-2020




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© 2010 by National Economic and Development Authority

All rights reserved. Any part o this book may be used and reproduced, provided properacknowledgement is made.


Published by:

Regional Development Of ce

National Economic and Development Authority 12 Escriva Drive, Ortigas Center, Pasig City

ISBN: 978-971-8535-25-7

For inquiries, please contact:

National Economic and Development Authority Regional Of ce XI

el Nos. (+63 82) 296-0161 / 296-0162Email: [email protected]

Regional Development Coordination Sta National Economic and Development Authority

el Nos. (+63 2) 631-3743 / 638-9307Email: [email protected]

Printed in the Philippines

Photo credits:

Elaine anBosi Balde, O.P.Milo Alto Paz Sergio Roberto Bichara

Department o Agriculture Regional Field Unit XIDavao Oriental Provincial ourism Of ceDepartment o ourism Region XIINEDA Development Inormation Sta NEDA Regional Of ce XINEDA Regional Of ce XII




Table of Contents

Preace iv

Messages v

Foreword viii

Acknowledgement ix

List o Acronyms x

Vision or Mindanao’s Development 2

Development Potentials and Challenges 4

Development Temes 16

Concluding Statement 33

Reerences 34

List o Tables and Figures

able 1. Key Socioeconomic Indicators 10

able 2. Major Agricultural Products: Philippines and Mindanao, 2008 11

able 3. Human Development Index/Rank 11

Figure 1. Map o Mindanao 1

Figure 2. Poverty Incidence, Mindanao, 2008 12

Figure 3. Mindanao’s Network o Growth Centers, 2007 13

Figure 4. Mindanao’s Network o Growth Centers, 2020 27

Figure 5. Ongoing and Proposed ransport Projects, Mindanao, 2010-2020 28



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Preface

Te MSDF denes the role o Mindanao in national development as the country’s agri-industrialcenter, a role carved out o the current and emerging unctions o the area and its potentials. Tisrole is discussed in the three parts o this document, as ollows: (a) the Vision Statement; (b) theDevelopment Challenges; and (c) the Development Temes.

Te rst part provides the Vision Statement o Mindanao by 2020. It highlights the island’seconomic and human development aspirations that are expected to be achieved, buttressed by theisland’s rich natural resources, competitive human resources, and strong public-private cooperation.

Te second part discusses the Development Challenges o Mindanao, particularly the undamentalissues and concerns restricting the development o the island. It centers on the need to harness therich resources o the island, achieve a pro-poor and inclusive economic growth, address unpeace,and strengthen good governance and partnership.

Te nal part lays out the Development Temes. Tese themes are specic and strategic interventionsin the orm o policies and/or programs, projects and activities that are expected to respond to theidentied Development Challenges and lead to the achievement o the Vision or Mindanao.




Message

I believe in the principle that we cannot grow without peace. My view on peace has not changed when it comes to the situation inMindanao. We will only achieve lasting peace i all stakeholdersengage in an honest dialogue: may they be Moro, Lumad, or Christian. It is important thateveryone rally behind our common aspiration or peace as this is the oundation or growth.

While we continue to hold talks with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, we will strive to achieveinclusive growth in Mindanao. Te Mindanao Strategic Development Framework (MSDF) denesthe agenda or Mindanao, emphasizing on harnessing its ull potentials to accelerate inclusivegrowth and reduce poverty.

I congratulate the National Economic and Development Authority and the ARMM-RegionalPlanning and Development Of ce or ormulating the MSDF which will be our instrument orachieving a peaceul and progressive Mindanao.

I ask or the support o every sector o society as we move or the attainment o our vision orMindanao.

BENIGNO S. AQUINO IIIPresident

Republic o the Philippines



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MessageMindanao holds a lot o promise or the overall growth anddevelopment o the country because o its signicant land andpopulation base and its rich natural resources. It is the biggestcontributor to the country’s total agricultural output. Te island’spotentials, however, have not been translated into sustainedsocioeconomic growth.

Te Mindanao Strategic Development Framework (MSDF) provides a road map that will harnessthe potentials o Mindanao in order to spur maximum development across the area and to ensurethat the benets o growth reach the poorest sectors o society.

Tis ramework embodies Mindanao island’s socioeconomic development vision and thrusts in thenext ten years. It outlines the regional and subregional strategies that aim to respond to existingand emerging political, social and economic development challenges. Tis document breaks groundas it portrays the distinctive role o Mindanao in national development and the peculiar attributiono the area’s regions as pillars o development.

Te MSDF does not provide guaranteed solutions to the challenges acing Mindanao. Rather, theMSDF serves as a blueprint or its regions to achieve integrated socioeconomic development orthe island.

I enjoin our partners in government, the private sector and civil society, to continue to work

together towards the attainment o the common goal or sustained peace and development inMindanao, nding convergence through the MSDF. We hope that this document can truly guidethe planners in the preparation o the successor Mindanao Regional Development Plans andcontribute signicantly to the Medium-erm Philippine Development Plan.

CAYETANO W. PADERANGA, JR.Secretary o Socioeconomic Planning




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Message Te Mindanao Strategic Development Framework was prepared inline with the mandate o the NEDA Regional Development Of ceto ormulate plans and policies on regional and local development.Consistent with our advocacy or decentralized development,the MSDF was designed to help regional institutions and localgovernments in Mindanao work in unity to seize opportunitiesthat may come with the global rebound rom the crisis and the

renewed condence under the administration o President Aquino.

It is now the task o the subnational development planners to give esh to the development themeso the MSDF. Te MSDF’s integration into the Medium-erm Philippine Development Plan,2011-2016, is equally important as this will af rm the Framework’s conormity with the nationalgoals and objectives. Linking with Mindanao’s provinces, cities and municipalities will also haveto be pursued as they prepare their development plans, investment programs and annual budgets.

While the National Government pursues the completion o the peace process, it would also needto ocus interventions on the needs o the most vulnerable and marginalized sectors to achieveharmony and sustainability o eorts. Crucial also, is the participation o the private sector andcivil society in Mindanao’s development and the entrenchment o a culture o peace.

We call on all the stakeholders to contribute to the attainment o the vision that, by the end o thedecade, Mindanaoans would have reaped the gains o development and attained a better quality o

lie nurtured by lasting peace.

AUGUSTO B. SANTOSDeputy Director-General

Regional Development Of ceNational Economic and Development Authority



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ForewordAs the premier socioeconomic planning agency o the country, itis the responsibility o NEDA to provide the overall direction ornational development. Te NEDA Board-Regional DevelopmentCommittee (NB-RDCom) was created to coordinate andintegrate regional development eorts as well as promote cross-regional and regional/local concerns. In line with its task toormulate the national ramework or regional development, theNEDA as secretariat o the NB-RDCom spearheaded the ormulation o the Mindanao StrategicDevelopment Framework (MSDF).

Te MSDF also serves as a component o the Philippine Long-erm Strategic Plan and guidesthe preparation o the Successor Medium-erm Philippine/Regional Development Plans. It buildson the initiatives under the Medium-erm Philippine Development Plan, 2001-2004 particularly Chapter 15; the Updated Mindanao Development Framework Plan, 1994-1998; and regionaldevelopment plans such as the Medium-erm Regional Development Plans, 2004-2010, theRegional Physical Framework Plans, and the Regional Development Agenda. Tese documents were ascribed as sources o stated policies and served as guide in the ormulation o this Framework.

In crating this document, interregional analyses had been employed. Consultations withthe six Mindanao Regional Development Councils (RDCs)/ARMM-Regional Economicand Development Planning Board (REDPB) and the NEDA Board-Regional DevelopmentCommittee-Area Committee or Mindanao (RDCom-Mindanao) were also undertaken, resulting

in their unanimous endorsement o the Framework. Te endorsements o the Mindanao RDCs/ARMM-REDPB af rmed the ndings in the Development Challenges and the responsiveness o the recommendations and strategies under the Development Temes. In crating this Framework,the unique and diverse demographic, physical, political and cultural endowments o each region were considered, while espousing a seamless and inclusive approach to development.

It is hoped that this Framework will be utilized by all sectors and stakeholders in order to bringlasting positive changes in the lives o the Mindanao people.

MARCELINA E. BACANIAssistant Director-General

Regional Development Of ceNational Economic and Development Authority




Acknowledgement We would like to express our sincere appreciation and thanks tothe ollowing or their valuable contributions in the ormulationo the Mindanao Strategic Development Framework (MSDF):

• Assistant Director-General Marcelina E. Bacani o the NEDARegional Development Of ce, Chairperson o the Policy Advisory Group on the MSDF ormulation, or providing thegeneral policy directions in the ormulation o the Framework and or steering the discussionsduring the consultation-workshops on the preparation o the MSDF in Davao City;

• Director Susan Rachel G. Jose and the NEDA Regional Development Coordination Sta or reviewing several drats o the document and providing technical expertise, insights andsubstantive contributions crucial in determining the nal policy directions o the document;

• Te NEDA Mindanao Regional Directors - Arturo G. Valero o Region IX, Leon M.Dacanay, Jr. o Region X, eresita Socorro C. Ramos o Region XII, Carmencita S. Cochingcoo CARAGA Region and ARMM Regional Planning and Development Of ce ExecutiveDirector Diamadel E. Dumagay, or their technical inputs and or securing the endorsementsor the document rom their respective Regional Development Councils; and the RegionalEconomic Development and Planning Board o the ARMM;

• Te NEDA Regional Of ce X or assisting NEDA Regional Of ce XI in generating the maps

that were critical in the analysis stage in the preparation o the Framework;• Te regional partners rom the public and private sectors in Mindanao or serving as key

inormants and sources o ideas and whose valuable insights and support o this documentacilitated its completion;

• NEDA Regional Of ce XI sta members, particularly Assistant Regional Director BoniacioG. Uy and the core technical sta who put together the initial drat o the MSDF; and

• NEDA Regional Of ce X Director Leon Dacanay or the technical review o the drat MSDF prior to its nalization and NEDA Development Inormation Sta or copy-editing andlayouting the MSDF.

MARIA LOURDES D. LIMRegional Director

NEDA Regional Of ce XIVice-Chair, Policy Advisory Group, MSDF



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List of Acronyms

ADB Asian Development Bank AFF Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry ARTA Anti-Red ape Act ASEAN Association o South East Asian

NationsBAS Bureau o Agricultural StatisticsBOT Build-Operate-ranserBPO Business Process Outsourcing

BPS-DTI Bureau o Product Standards o the Department o rade andIndustry

CCA Climate Change AdaptationCICT Commission on Inormation and

Communications echnology CIQS Customs, Immigration,

Quarantine and Security CSO Civil Society OrganizationsCTI Coral riangle InitiativeDA Department o AgricultureDBM Department o Budget and

ManagementDENR-MGB Department o Environmentand Natural Resources-Minesand Geosciences Bureau

DOE Department o Energy DOT Department o ourismDRR Disaster Risk ReductionDTI Department o rade and

Industry EPIRA Electric Power Industry Reorm

ActGDP Gross Domestic ProductGRDP Gross Regional Domestic

ProductGRP Government o the Republic o

the PhilippinesGVA Gross Value AddedHDI Human Development IndexHLURB Housing and Land Use

Regulatory Board

ICT Inormation andCommunications echnology

IDP Internally Displaced PersonIEC Inormation, Education and

CommunicationIP Indigenous PeoplesIPRA Indigenous Peoples’ Rights ActIRA Internal Revenue Allotment

LDC Local Development CouncilLDP Local Development PlanLGC Local Government CodeLGU Local Government UnitMARINA Maritime Industry Authority MILF Moro Islamic Liberation FrontMNLF Moro National Liberation FrontMINTELNET Mindanao elephone Network MMHCBI Muslim Mindanao Halal

Certication Board, Inc.NEDA National Economic and

Development Authority

NG National GovernmentNGO Non Government OrganizationsNIPAS National Integrated Protected

Areas SystemNSCB National Statistical Coordination

BoardNSO National Statistics Of ceNTC National elecommunications

CommissionODA Of cial Development AssistanceOTOP One-own, One-ProductPEZA Philippine Economic Zone

Authority

PLDT Philippine Long Distance elephone Company

PPP Public-Private PartnershipRDC Regional Development CouncilRORO Roll-on/Roll-o SME Small and Medium EnterpriseSUCs State Universities and Colleges





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Mindanao Strategic Development Framework 2010-2020Vision for Mindanao’s Developmen

VISIONfor Mindanao’s Development





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Development Potentials

DEVELOPMENTPOTENTIALS & CHALLENGES



Development Potentials and Challenges

Development Potentials

Mindanao’s development draws rom thepotentials and opportunities provided by theinteraction o its people, location, and physicalresources.

Te second biggest island o the country,Mindanao is home to 21.5 million people in2007, almost a quarter o the total populationo the Philippines. Some 27 indigenous culturalcommunities live in the area, together withmigrants rom Luzon and Visayas. Mindanaohas a labor orce participation rate o 65 percentand boasts o a versatile, adaptive and English-speaking workorce. Its population is relatively literate, with eight out o 10 persons able toread and write.

Mindanao holds high prospects or agri-industrial development. Most o its regions

are located outside the typhoon belt. It isendowed with eight major river basins, namely:Agusan, agoloan, Cagayan de Oro, agum-Libuganon, Davao, Buayan-Malungon, Agusand the Mindanao River – all o which couldsupply water or irrigation and other relatedneeds. One-third o its land area is devotedto agriculture. It is considered the country’sood basket, supplying over 40 percent o thecountry’s ood requirements and contributingmore than 30 percent to national ood trade. Itis also the country’s major producer o rubber,pineapple, banana and coee.

Mindanao’s large Muslim community and itstrading relationships with the east Asia, oeropportunities in the Halal industry. Progresshas been achieved with the establishment o the Muslim Mindanao Halal CerticationBoard, Inc. (MMHCBI) and the ormulation

o Halal Certication Guidelines used as basisor the Philippine National Standards on HalalFood promulgated by the Bureau o ProductStandards o the Department o rade andIndustry.

Te cultural diversity o its people andits resource-rich environment also makeMindanao one o the country’s potentialtourist destinations. Its tourism industry sharesabout 17 percent o the national tourist traf c,comprising mainly domestic tourists. Endowed with rich mineral resources,Mindanao contributed about 21 percent o thecountry’s total mining output rom 2006 to2008. Its mineral deposits are valued at $312billion or about 40 percent o the country’s totalmineral reserves o $840 billion (DENR-MGB,

2008). Te CARAGA and Davao regionscontribute the most to the national output withmore than eight percent each.

Eastern Mindanao, North Central Mindanao,Zamboanga Peninsula, and SoutheasternMindanao are considered high-interest miningareas, with rich deposits o gold, copper, iron,chromium, nickel, cobalt and manganese.

Mindanao also has vast potential or renewableenergy sources. Substantial volumes o agricultural residues are a potential source o

biomass energy; Siargao Island and DavaoOriental are ideal sites or ocean energy generation; while Surigao is a potential site or wind power.



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Improvements in the policy environment

o the telecommunications industry haveconverted inormation and communicationstechnology (IC) into a cutting-edge industry in Mindanao. Tis is now one o the island’smajor revenue and employment generators. In2008, the business process outsourcing (BPO)industry earned about US$6 million in revenuesand it is expected to generate 500,000 jobs orMindanao by end o 2009. Davao and Cagayande Oro Cities are identied as among the topten next wave cities or BPO operations andare expected to lead in positioning Mindanaoas the new IC hub among its neighbors in the

Asia Pacic Region.

Mindanao also boasts o existing cooperation

between the public and private sectors, whichhave a shared desire to oster developmentand harmony in the island through dialogueand consensus building. NGOs, civil society organizations and the business community have jointly undertaken initiatives or culturalintegration, empowerment o marginalizedgroups, provision o basic social services,economic development, and peacemaking.Eective horizontal linkages are likewiseevident, as these sectors also participate in policy-making bodies and organizations, including theRegional Development Councils (RDCs) and

Local Development Councils (LDCs).




Te undamental challenge or Mindanao is toharness its potentials in support o development. While its economy shows signs o growth, itsoutput levels remain low.

Mindanao’s gross regional domestic product(GRDP) rom 2002 to 2009 grew by 4.3percent on the average, higher than the nationaland Luzon averages o 4.2 percent and 4.0percent, respectively. Visayas grew aster at 4.6percent. Despite this growth, Mindanao’s sharein the total output o the country remains low compared to Luzon and NCR. It contributed anannual average o 18.2 percent to the country’sgross domestic product (GDP) or the sameperiod, compared with Luzon’s 64.91 percent.Visayas has a lower share at 16.9 percent.

Te persistently low output growth o

Mindanao’s economy has resulted in low income, aggravatedpoverty, and hinderedeorts to achievelasting peace. Tisis reected in theresults o the 2006Human DevelopmentIndex (HDI), whichshow that majority o the lowest-rankedprovinces are rom

Mindanao.

Development Challenges

Mindanao has to improve its capitalinvestments in order to address poverty. Whilethe percentage share o Mindanao to nationalgovernment expenditure has increased rom2003 to 2007, it is still lower compared withthat o Luzon. Tis deciency in allocationcould have been counterbalanced by othersources such as the of cial developmentassistance (ODA). However, Mindanao’s sharein ODA is also low. O the US$4,110 millioncountry’s ODA commitments in 2009 that arenot nationwide or multiregional in coverage,Mindanao accounts or only 11 percent. ODAcommitment was heavily skewed in avor o Luzon with its share o 81 percent.



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Harnessing the ull potential o Mindanao’sresources will spur its economic growth. Tismeans making initiatives to improve agriculturalproductivity; attracting investments or variouseconomic activities including mining, tourismand IC; and attaining lasting peace.

Low level o technology limits the productivity o Mindanao’s agricultural lands. Te bulk o Mindanao’s agricultural outputs consist merely o resh arm produce. Production costs arehigh due to expensive transport and productioninputs. In addition, its agricultural industry has a limited supply o skilled labor, as inagriculture, shery and orestry (AFF) andnatural resources-related courses is drastically declining.

Furthermore, the adverse eects o changingclimate patterns are threatening ood security.For instance, prolonged drought due to El Niñohas reduced harvests in certain areas. Studiesby the Department o Agriculture suggestthat total agricultural production losses or thecountry could range rom P8.09 billion under

mild El Niño conditions, to P20.46 billionunder a severe dry spell.

o attract investments, six Agri-IndustrialEconomic Zones registered with thePhilippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA)are currently operating in Mindanao. wo arelocated in Cagayan de Oro City, two in SouthCotabato, one in General Santos City, and onein Davao City. Eorts are underway to developthree others in Bukidnon, Davao City andSouth Cotabato.

Mindanao’s mining industry, despite theisland’s rich mineral deposits, has not ully taken o as production remains unstable.Mining production grew 14 percent in 2006-2007 but ell in 2007-2008 in the ZamboangaPeninsula, Davao and CARAGA. In particular,CARAGA posted a 14 percent drop in mining

Harnessing the Full Potentialof Mindanao’s Rich Resources

output rom a 76 percent growth or the sameperiod. It was only in Northern Mindanao where mining grew to 20 percent rom theprevious -5.6 percent.

o help the mining industry take o, it is crucialto create a suitable regulatory environment thatis investor-riendly and that ensures compliance with all environmental regulations. Forinstance, decentralization o approval o miningexploration permits could shorten processingtime and encourage more investments. Localgovernments also need to be urther involved,particularly in regulating small-scale miningoperations, and in monitoring and addressingenvironmental degradation and conicting landuses. At the national level, policies with respectto the mining sector (e.g., Mining Act o 1995and the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act) needto be harmonized.

As ar as tourism is concerned, the industry has relied heavily on its natural attractions toentice visitors, but has let out one possibleniche: its rich cultural heritage. In addition,

the Mindanao tourism industry has beenhampered by inrastructure inadequacies,limited investment in related services (gol,health and wellness, cruises, yachting, marinas,conerence, museums, etc.), and insuf cientaccommodation acilities.

o attract the international tourist market,accessibility to tourist destinations must beimproved, alongside amenities and travelsaety. Mindanao must employ a sustained,investment-driven strategy in all aspects o tourism – inrastructure, utilities, product

innovation and development, destinationmarketing, and human resource developmentto achieve the projected growth in tourism overthe next decade.

Te IC industry is another area that could raisethe productivity o resource-based industries.




As o 2010, Mindanao hosts our PEZA-registered I Parks, with three in Davao andone in Cagayan de Oro. Five more are beingdeveloped in Davao (2), General Santos (1) andCagayan de Oro (2). o sustain the growth o the IC industry, the PEZA needs to hostmore sites that provide low-cost real estate andadequate energy supply. Among the areas thatare initially identied or I development arein Zamboanga Peninsula and other areas inNorthern Mindanao and SOCCSKSARGEN.

Energy security is also crucial to the continued

growth o industries in Mindanao. From 2008to 2017, Mindanao’s peak demand is projectedto rise to an annual average o 4.4 percent(DOE, 2009). Unless the energy capacity o Mindanao is increased, power shortages willoccur and threaten the growth o Mindanao’s

production sectors. Climate change likewiseposes undamental threats to Mindanao’senergy security, which is largely dependenton hydropower. Dwindling water levels dueto El Niño have hampered Mindanao’s powersupply. Te situation has been aggravated by the degradation o Mindanao’s watersheds likeLake Lanao, which is the primary source orthe Agus Hydro-Electric Power Plants. In this regard, the energy-mix o Mindanao mustbe expanded by exploring alternative renewableenergy sources such as biomass, solar, wind, and

ocean power. Tis should be accompanied by eorts to address the degradation o watershedsto improve their water carrying capacity orhydropower.



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Table 1. Key Socioeconomic Indicators

Indicators Year Philippines Luzon Visayas Mindanao Mindanao Regions

Number/Distribution (%) of Population a/

2007 88,566,732(100)

49,818,331(56.25)

17,159,481(19.37)

21,586,641(24.37)

IX 3,230,094 / (3.65)X 3,952,437 / (4.46)XI 4,156,653 / (4.69)XII 3,829,081 / (4.32)XIII 2,293,480 / (2.59)

ARMM 4,120,795 / (4.65)GDP/GRDP Growth Rate ( %) at constant prices b/

2002-2009 4.2 4.0 4.6 4.3 IX 4.2X 4.8XI 4.6XII 4.0XIII 3.6

ARMM 3.12008-2009 1.1 (0.2) 3.2 3.7 IX 6.8

X 2.9XI 5.4XII 1.3XIII 2.7

ARMM 2.6GDP/GRDP Levels (in million Pesos) and GVA Distribution (%) b/

GDP/GRDP 2009 1,432,115.5 929,634.9 241,787.3 260,693.3 IX 38,196.7(100) (64.91) (16.88) (18.20) X 73,206.8

XI 67,366.6XII 50,556.3XIII 18,957.6

ARMM 12,409.4AFF 2009 18.11 8.41 3.25 6.46 IX 1.31

X 1.62XI 1.15XII 1.47XIII 0.42

ARMM 0.50Industry 2009 32.13 21.92 4.90 5.31 IX 0.47

X 1.55XI 1.62XII 1.12XIII 0.45

ARMM 0.10Services 2009 49.75 34.58 8.74 6.43 IX 0.88

X 1.94

XI 1.94XII 0.94XIII 0.46

ARMM 0.27




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Table 1. Key Socioeconomic Indicators (continued)

Indicators Year Philippines Luzon Visayas Mindanao Mindanao RegionsPoverty Incidence (% Pop'n) b/

2003 30.0 22.2 36.1 44.2 IX 49.2X 44.0XI 34.7XII 38.4XIII 54.0

ARMM 52.82006 32.9 25.3 39.8 45.5 IX 45.3

X 43.1XI 36.6XII 40.8XIII 52.6

ARMM 61.8Share to NG Expenditure Program/Special Purpose Fund (%) c/

2003 100 55 21 242007 100 52 21 272010 100 53 21 26

Share to LGU budget allocation c/

2003 100 48 24 272007 100 51 22 272009 100 53 18 29

AgriculturalProducts

Philippines(in MT)

Mindanao(in MT)

Percent Shareof Mindanao to

Philippines

Top performing region andpercent share to Mindanao

Rubber 411.00 411.00 100.0 IX 42.3Pineapple 2,909.30 1,950.80 88.3 X 51.6Banana 8,687.60 7,045.80 81.1 XI 50.5Coffee 97.40 72.70 74.6 XII 36.2

Coconut 15,319.50 9,230.70 60.3 XI 28.9Corn 6,928.00 3,670.00 53.0 X 30.7Palay 16,816.00 3,835.00 22.8 XII 32.2Mango 884.00 199.80 22.6 IX 26.6Sugarcane 26,601.40 4,981.00 18.7 X 68.7

Rank 2000 HDI 2003 HDI 2006 HDI

77 Sulu 0.294 Sulu 0.321 Sulu 0.32676 Tawi-Tawi 0.367 Maguindanao 0.384 Tawi-Tawi 0.33275 Basilan 0.405 Tawi-Tawi 0.398 Maguindanao 0.43074 Masbate 0.409 Basilan 0.429 Basilan 0.43473 Maguindanao 0.413 Masbate 0.454 Lanao del Sur 0.44572 Lanao del Sur 0.417 Zambo del Norte 0.459 Masbate 0.45771 Eastern Samar 0.436 Sarangani 0.478 Sarangani 0.47570 Western Samar 0.440 Western Samar 0.491 Eastern Samar 0.48469 Agusan del Sur 0.470 Eastern Samar 0.494 Zambo del Norte 0.48768 Sarangani 0.473 Lanao del Sur 0.494 Romblon 0.487

Table 2. Major agricultural products: Philippines and Mindanao, 2008 d/

Table 3. Human Development Index/Rank e/

Sources:a/ National Statistics Of ce d/ Bureau o Agricultural Statisticsb/ National Statistical Coordination Board e/Philippine Human Development Reportc/ Department o Budget and Management



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Addressing the Poverty Situation

Mindanao’s provinces are among the poorest inthe country. Poverty incidence increased to 45.5percent in 2006, higher than the national averageo 32.9 percent (Figure 1). Te 2006 HumanDevelopment Index (HDI) shows that seven o the 10 poorest provinces are in Mindanao andve o the poorest seven provinces are in ARMM,namely Sulu, awi-awi, Maguindanao, Basilanand Lanao del Sur. Te provinces o Sarangani(SOCCSKSARGEN) and Zamboanga delNorte (Zamboanga Peninsula) complete the listo Mindanao provinces at the bottom 10 o theHDI ranking.

Te component indices o the HDI rankings o the 10 poorest provinces show that: eight provinceshad the lowest basic enrolment rates; six provinceshad the lowest high school graduation ratios; sevenprovinces had the lowest real per capita income;and ve provinces had the lowest lie expectancy rates.

Poverty in Mindanao, as reected by the HDIrankings, may be due to the nature o employmentopportunities which are mostly short-term and

seasonal. A substantial number o people dependon subsistence agriculture. Tis has not translated intolong-term improvementand overall wellbeing o thepopulation. Low agriculturalproductivity, particularly orrice and corn, compoundsthe problem o limitedemployment opportunities. With ew value-adding agri-industrialization activitiesin the countryside, the

agriculture-based economy has ailed to lit people rompoverty.

Minimal and unsustainableeconomic growth inMindanao has also

Figure 2. Poverty Incidence, Mindanao, 2008

contributed to the ailure o anti-poverty eorts.From 2002-2009, average growth was 4.3 percent,going down to 3.7 percent in 2008-2009 – certainly not the growth pattern that would create more jobs and open up better income opportunities orthe population.

Te other side o the problem is poor access tobasic services, particularly health, nutrition and water and sanitation services, and housing. Tisis attributed to the limited capacity o serviceproviders, particularly the local government units(LGUs) in delivering these services mandatedunder the Local Government Code (LGC) o 1991.

Social inequities and peace problems have alsohindered eorts to reduce poverty in Mindanao.As o 2006, 3,847 barangays in Mindanao werereported to be in armed conict. Along with thelack o access to economic opportunities and basicservices, social inequity has been cited as a cause o unresolved conict in Mindanao. Tus, addressingthe peace situation over the long term requiressustained economic growth with bias toward

poverty alleviation.




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Improving Physical and Economic Linkages

Addressing the poverty situation

in Mindanao and harnessingthe ull potential o its resourcesor economic growth require anintegrated approach that allowsree ow o people, capital andgoods and broader access tomarkets or raw materials, nishedproducts, and services, as well asinnovative ideas and inormation. Tese will be acilitated by improvements in transportationand communication acilitiesthat will strengthen physical andeconomic linkages among theprimary and secondary growthcenters and the rural economieso Mindanao, as well as betweenMindanao and the rest o thecountry and the world.

Te primary growth centers o Mindanao arethe cities o Davao, Cagayan de Oro, GeneralSantos, Zamboanga, and Cotabato, with theirlarge population and well-developed economic

and commercial activities such as education,banking and services. Davao City, one o thecountry’s international gateways, unctions asMindanao’s major growth center. Meanwhile,the cities o Koronadal, Iligan, Pagadian, Butuanand Surigao have been identied as secondary growth centers, which unction as distributioncenters and links to the rural areas. (Figure 3)

o increase trade and passenger activitiesto and rom Mindanao, its internationaland domestic transport connections mustbe improved. Exports comprise 25 percent

o trade in Mindanao. Imports, or its part,consist mainly o manuactured goods, mineraluels, lubricants and related materials, chemicaland related products, as well as machinery andtransport equipment rom the NCR.

Figure 3. Mindanao’s network of growth centers, 2007

Mindanao’s transport system is trimodal (road-sea-air), considering its widely-dispersedislands and mountainous areas. Its airports andseaports thus need to be improved and upgraded

in order to strengthen its linkages with Luzonand the Visayas, as well as with other countries. Te road network in the island needs to becompleted as well to connect the rural areas tothe growth centers.

Te cities o Davao, General Santos andZamboanga are served by international airports. Tese cities are Mindanao’s gateways to the resto the country and its Asian neighbors. In 2005, volume o cargo has increased by about 8 percentin these three airports, with Davao having thebiggest share o 60 percent (DOC). Among

all these airports, Davao International Airportis the busiest and accounts or about 50 percento passenger traf c in Mindanao (DOC).Zamboanga’s area o inuence includes theSulu archipelago, and serves as the gateway toSoutheast Asia.



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Apart rom these international airports, themost strategic airports with large areas o inuence needing expansion and improvementinclude Zamboanga, General Santos, Cotabatoand Butuan. Te Butuan airport also needsimprovement because o its high passenger

growth rate. Butuan Airport serves the entireCARAGA region, which has been identiedas the agroorestry and mineral center o Mindanao. Its areas o inuence include theprovinces o Surigao del Sur, Surigao del Norteand Agusan del Sur.

While air trade has been picking up, 98 percento the goods to and rom Mindanao are stilltraded coastwise, mostly through the portso Davao, General Santos, Cagayan de Oroand Zamboanga (NSO, 2008). Tese cities,including Cotabato, Iligan and Surigao havebase seaports. Te coastal and island-provincesare served by secondary and government ports.Basilan, Sulu and awi-awi serve as subportsto Zamboanga City’s hub port and provideconnectivity to the smaller islands nearby. awi-awi via Bongao, or example, is closeto the BIMP-EAGA Growth Area and is apotential international gateway. Te BenoniPort connecting Cagayan de Oro City andCamiguin is another strategic port, or it is thecentral gateway to the Visayas. Te areas o inuence o these ports include provinces with

the highest poverty incidence in the country. Te Mindanao Container erminal Portin PHIVIDEC Industrial Estate, the only international container terminal in Mindanao,has also served as sub-port o entry orinternational destinations such as Japan andASEAN countries.

Te high cost o sea transport needs to beaddressed as well. Domestic cargo shipping ratesare more expensive than oreign rates (NEDA XI, 2010). Shipping rates rom Manila to China,

or example, is only US$250 per 20-ootercontainer van compared to Davao to Cebu’sUS$808 per 20-ooter container van despite theshorter distance. Tis means domestic shippingcosts o US$1.3 per nautical mile or every 20-ooter container van, which is 70 percentmore expensive than the oreign shipping rate

o only US$0.38 per nautical mile along thisparticular route. Te access o oreign-ownedships, moreover, is limited only to the base ports.

Mindanao’s road network also needsimprovement. Roads in Mindanao account or

24 percent o the national total, yet the island’spercentage o paved roads is 7 percent lowerthan the national average. Among Mindanaoregions, CARAGA had the lowest proportiono paved roads (50%) to total road length,ollowed by ARMM and Davao Region, both with 61 percent each. ARMM had the shortestroad length among Mindanao regions with only 994.6 kilometers, compared with Mindanao’saverage road length o 1,200.9 kilometers.Given such road conditions, travel time romMindanao to Luzon, through the Visayas, isabout 10 hours more than the average and thecosts o cargo shipment and human transportare about 30 and 40 percent more expensive,respectively.

Tere is a need to increase access totelecommunication acilities, particularly cellular phone services, to cover the entireisland. o date, telecommunication channelsare dependent largely on the cellular phoneservices provided by private telecommunicationscompanies and on the services o the xed lineservice providers such as PLD and Bayantel.

Trough the Mindanao elephone Network (MINELNE) project, xed line serviceshave been provided to 33 localities in all theMindanao regions covering almost all provincialcenters. In the short term, eorts should ocuson providing uninterrupted signal along arterialroad networks in Mindanao.

While Davao Region, Northern Mindanaoand the Zamboanga Peninsula were identiedas the most conducive sites or IC Hubs inMindanao. Tere may be a need to designateadditional PEZA-registered I parks to urther

boost the IC industry.




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Strengthening Governanceand Partnerships

Mindanao’s LGUs need to be encouraged tolead the development o their areas throughimproved governance, including the generation andmobilization o resources to eectively deliver basicservices and build up their economic bases. Localgovernments should actively engage the privatesector, the academe and the civil society as partnersin good governance. Tese sectors should link withconvergent economic activities to improve thedelivery o basic services and advocate or continuingpeace and development initiatives. Public-privatepartnership (PPP) must be tapped as an alternative

way or LGUs to provide public inrastructure,

community acilities and related services. However,due to lack o knowledge and aversion to the tediousprocess involved, only a ew LGUs are undertakingprojects through PPP arrangements such as theBuilt-Operate-ranser and its variants.

Good governance includes establishing an ef cientsystem that generates revenue through realisticincome projections, balanced and sustainablesource o budget, and increased ef ciency o revenue collection. Te national government has

jumpstarted revenue-generating systems to improvelocal governance, transparency and accountability

at the national and local levels, and also to supportscal prudence and discipline in the bureaucracy. odate, however, local governments, in general, mustcontinue to improve their low utilization rates orthese revenue generation and related systems.

Sustaining theGains AchievedTowards Peace

Until now, peace and stability in Mindanao has yet to be ully attained. Te conict betweenthe government and Moro secessionist rontand the armed communist movement continuesto elude lasting and just closure. Tis situationis aggravated by the presence o private armiesoperated by local warlords, as well as armedbandits.

A major source o conict in Mindanao iscompetition over the ownership and controlo the land and natural resources. Te peaceprocess with the Moro Islamic LiberationFront (MILF) and Moro National LiberationFront (MNLF) continues to be hounded by unresolved issues related to the ancestral domainagenda. Even among the dierent groups o Indigenous Peoples, concerns have been raisedon the implementation o the IPRA particularly with regard to ancestral domain claims.

Te Philippine Human Development Reporto 2005 contends these conicts have preventedeorts to achieve socioeconomic goals, particularly poverty reduction. What results is a vicious cycle:

most o Mindanao’s conict-aected provincesalready have the highest incidence o poverty inthe country; and unresolved conicts exacerbatethe situation through loss o lie and property,internal displacement, and massive rural to urbanmigration. Tese come with a severe economiccost: low levels o competitiveness, trade andtourism investments ows, and productivity,among others. Limited government resources, which are supposed to address primary concernssuch as education, health and livelihood, areurther drained by the need to respond to theseconicts.

While eorts towards resolving the conictin Mindanao have gained initial success,the challenge now is to mobilize sharedresponsibilities between the government and thecitizenry to sustain the gains in addressing thepeace situation in Mindanao.



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Development ThemesPhoto by S. W. Yang

DEVELOPMENT THEMES



Development Themes

1

Development Themes

Mindanao’s abundant physical and human resourcesshall be harnessed to promote sustainable agricultureand resource-based industries; ensure ood security;develop tourism; and improve mineral industries.As such, the ollowing major strategies shall beundertaken, namely:

Te vision o Mindanao shall be achieved and itsdevelopment challenges addressed through theollowing ve strategies: (a) sustainable resource-

Sustainable Resource-Based Industrialization

Te development o the agriculture, shery and

orestry sector in Mindanao requires, among others,modications in agricultural systems or practices andimprovement in skills and technology. ConsideringMindanao’s potentials to lead in this sector, theollowing interventions shall be initiated to improveits productivity and sustainability:

Intensify promotion of existing agri-industrial economic zones in Mindanaoand establish new ones

Agri-industrial economic zones can: (a) attractmajor oreign investments; (b) open opportunities

or access to modern agriculture technology; (c)promote backward and orward linkages betweenagriculture and processing industries; (d) pave the way or the production o high value-added productsand better quality commodities or the export market;(e) increase agricultural share in export earnings andemployment; () accelerate agri-business development

Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry Sector Development

Mindanao’s rich physical and humanresources shall be utilized to promotesustainable development in agricultureand agri-based industries, tourism, andmineral industries.

in the countryside; and (g) provide local employmentopportunities and, ultimately, generate sustainableincome (PEZA, 2010).

Eorts to promote existing agri-industrialeconomic zones in Lanao del Norte, Davao del Sur,Cagayan de Oro City, General Santos City andSouth Cotabato shall be intensied to encouragelocators. Development o new agri-industrialeconomic zones shall also be pursued, specically inCARAGA to support its wood industry; in DavaoRegion to intensiy value-adding activities or majorproduce such as banana, coconut, mango, cocoa andseaweeds; and in Bukidnon to develop new ruit- and vegetable-based processing plants and the packingindustry or its growing agri-industrial enterprises.

Mindanao will also gain rom the thriving Halalindustry. Demand or Halal-certied products worldwide has been increasing, and is estimated toescalate in the coming years. By tapping the EastAsia and Middle East markets, the Halal industry can also be a catalyst or closer economic ties withthe countries in these regions.

based industrialization; (b) growth with social equity;(c) ef cient logistics support; (d) peace building; and(e) good governance and strong partnership.



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Having a wider Muslim population base comparedto other regions in the country, ARMM shall betapped as the lead region in Halal accreditation.Related economic activities will involve certication,branding services, joint-venture opportunities andoreign direct investments.

Improve and adopt farming andprocessing technologies for high valuecommercial crops, and aim for moresustainablefishing and forestry industries

Improvement and adoption o arming andprocessing technologies o high-value commercialcrops, such as banana, pineapple, and coee shallbe pursued to increase productivity and quality. Tese shall also be supported by an expansion o credit acilities, provision o post harvest acilities,inrastructure and irrigation systems. Crop outputquality shall be improved, and by-products that willgenerate market niches in both local and exportmarkets shall be created.

Te shery industry, particularly in CentralMindanao or tuna and Zamboanga Peninsula orsardines and seaweeds, shall be boosted by steppingup the rehabilitation o the marine resources andadopting more sustainable shing technologies toensure long term competitiveness. Relevant lawslike Republic Act 9379 otherwise known as “An ActDening Hand-line Fishing, Providing EectiveRegulations Tereore and or Other Purposes,”

shall be religiously enorced to dene and harmonizeregulation mechanisms o the dierent agenciesinvolved in the management o marine resources.

Te orestry industry in Mindanao shall encouragecommunity involvement in the restoration o vital watersheds and protected areas, while providingbenets through community-based livelihoodprograms at the same time. Productivity shall beincreased through the adoption o culturally-sensitivetree-arming technologies suitable or communitiesin the uplands o CARAGA, Northern Mindanaoand Davao Regions. Watersheds such as Agusan,

agoloan, Cagayan de Oro, agum-Libuganon,Davao, Buayan-Malungon, Agus and MindanaoRiver Basins shall be restored.

Overall, this strategy will entail engaging andorganizing the upland communities, civil society

and local government units in sustainable marine,agricultural, upland and orest management.

Improve investments in research anddevelopment (R&D) and extensionservices

Research, development, and extension services relatedto agriculture, sheries, orestry and natural resourcesshall be actively pursued. Tese shall include R&Don arm production and post-harvest technology orexisting and potential export products. Focus shall begiven on the identication o crops to be culturedgiven soil and terrain suitability, raw materials, costo inputs, and their marketability. Similar attentionshall be given to developing better-engineered oodcrops that could withstand the devastating eects o climate change.

Existing consortia o research and extensionnetworks in Mindanao, led by the agriculturalresources research institutions, shall be organizedto initiate data banking on research, particularly or potential export products; hasten transer andcommercialization o technologies developed by state universities and colleges (SUCs); and improvethe complementation o private and governmentresearches.

Intensify promotion of agriculture, fisheryand forestry (AFF) and natural resources-related courses and maximize utilizationof national programs relative to AFF and

natural resources human capital build-up Tis intervention seeks to curb a shortage in uturesupply o AFF and natural resources proessionalsbrought about by the declining interest in AFF and natural resources-related courses, which wouldhave a considerable impact on the productivity anddevelopment o these sectors.

SUCs in Mindanao, the primary institutionsmandated to provide instruction, R&D and extensionservices on AFF and natural resources, shall intensiy its eorts to promote enrolment in AFF and natural

resources-related courses. Promotion o AFF andnatural resources courses in the public and secondary schools shall also be undertaken.

Eorts shall likewise be directed at ensuringmaximum utilization o national programs relative



Development Themes

1

circuits. Te shery industry shall be this circuit’sbusiness theme;

North Mindanao Tourism Circuit with Cagayan de Oro City as the international gateway

Te beaches in Camiguin and the mountains and wilderness o Northern Mindanao shall be the mainattractions o this circuit, while Cagayan de Oro City’sbustling trade, business and industrial markets shallorm part o this circuit’s business theme;

Davao Region Tourism Circuit, built around the international gateway in Davao City Mt. Apo, Mt. Hamiguitan, and the Island Garden City o Samal shall be this circuit’s central nature themes and

the primary resort destinations. Te medical, educationand IC acilities, agriculture and mining shall be thiscircuit’s business themes;

SOCCSKSARGEN Tourism Circuit composed of South and North Cotabato, Sarangani and General Santos City Mt. Apo, which SOCCSKSARGEN shares withDavao Region, and Lake Sebu shall be the main ocuso the region’s nature theme. Agriculture, and the tunaand mining industries shall be this circuit’s businessthemes; and

CARAGA Tourism Circuit with Butuan City as the gateway Surng in the beaches in the islands o Surigao delNorte and the lush orestlands o the region, one o the remaining vast stretches in the country, shall be thiscircuit’s nature theme. Forestry and mining shall be itsbusiness themes.

Optimizing the tourism highways initiative

ourism highways shall be developed andpromoted. Tis entails tightening coordination andcollaboration among the LGUs, private sector andnational government agencies in the developmento inrastructure acilities, sea and air linkages ande-commerce. Te customs, immigration, quarantineand security (CIQS) procedures among East Asiancountries and the emerging partnerships o thePhilippines with Hong Kong-Macau-Guangdong-Fujian and aiwan shall be harmonized to assist greatermobility o people, goods and services.

Developing efforts on tourism circuits

Tematic tourism shall be pursued with the concept o tourism circuits that highlight each region’s uniqueness.

Each circuit will showcase the richness o Mindanaorom Highlands to Islands and the best ways to explorethem. ourism shall have twin themes o nature andbusiness to cater to both economic and leisure objectiveso domestic and oreign tourists. ourism or businessinvolves enhancing Mindanao’s image as a venue orbusiness-related activities such as conerences andmeetings, trade airs and the like. ourism or nature,on the other hand, shall showcase the beautiul naturalsceneries o Mindanao and its rich cultural heritage

within an eco-tourism ramework o environmentally riendly and culturally-sensitive tourism activities. Teollowing are the tourism circuits and the respective

themes to be developed:

West Mindanao Tourism Circuit, built around Zamboanga as an international gateway

Tis circuit shall showcase the region’s unique culture. Te development o beach resorts, or example inDakak, may be smaller in scale than those in other

Tourism Development

to AFF and natural resources human capital build-up, like the national program on “Enhancing theDemand or AFF and natural resources throughScience and echnology”. Tis program seeksto curb the declining trend in AFF and naturalresources enrolment through direct interventions

to improve the quality o degree programs and toincrease enrolment in AFF and natural resourcescourses and allied elds.



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Demand or power in Mindanao has beensteadily increasing at an average o 4.4 percent yearly. Te existing dependable capacity o Mindanao is 1,525 megawatts (MW). It needsbetween 200 to 300 MW o additional powersupply every three years to meet the growingdemand and support the attainment o itseconomic targets. In 2009, the peak demandequaled Mindanao’s dependable capacity o power supply. Te reserve capacity is expected

to all to 7.5 percent or 84 MW short o 212MW or the 2011 requirement including a 13percent reserve level (DOE, 2009).

Based on DOE, there are still a number o barangays in Mindanao without electricity,specically in Maguindanao (12 barangays),Lanao del Sur (7 barangays) and Lanaodel Norte (4 barangays). Mindanao’s ruralelectrication shall be intensied to equal otherregions in Luzon and the Visayas. Tis willinvolve speeding up the government’s barangay electrication program in the ARMM and

achieving a 100 percent barangay electricationlevel in all Mindanao regions.

Mindanao is projected to have lower rainallin the coming years due to climate change. Tis will eventually reduce water levels, which

Energy Security

in turn will aect the hydro-power sources where Mindanao is largely dependent on. Without eective interventions, the risk o compromising the economic gains in the next10 years is high given the orecast demand. Tus, energy security will be ensured through

the ollowing strategies:

Accelerate exploration anddevelopment of renewable energysources in Mindanao

In line with Republic Act (RA) 9513 or theRenewable Energy Act o 2008, Mindanaoshall tap its renewable energy sources, suchas geothermal, hydro, biomass, ocean, windand solar energy by actively pursuing privateinvestments or their development. RA 9513 was promulgated to accelerate the explorationand development o renewable energy resourcesto achieve energy sel-reliance. Under thesaid Act, reduction o harmul emissions andincreasing utilization o renewable energy areprovided by institutionalizing the developmento national and local capabilities in the use o renewable energy systems. Te ef cient andcost-eective commercial application shallbe applied by providing scal and nonscalincentives, and establishing the necessary inrastructure and mechanisms to carry out theprovisions o the Act.

Furthermore, the development and explorationo local energy sources will involve addressingenvironmental and social acceptability issues.It will involve harmonizing the provisions o environmental laws and indigenous people’srights laws, e.g., NIPAS Act and IPRA, torespond to environmental and socioculturalconcerns o energy development. In this regard,inormation, education and communication(IEC) campaigns on the energy programsrelated to environmental issues shall beundertaken to increase the social acceptability

o energy projects.

Minerals development shall be pursued within thesocial responsibility and transparency ramework. Te general objectives o this sector shall beeectively communicated to its stakeholders

to mitigate social risks and to resolve the long-standing issues o environmental degradation andsocial ills associated with the mining industry. Te Mindanao Action Agenda on mineralsdevelopment, ormulated by Mindanao miningstakeholders in 2008, shall be implemented toaddress various issues. Tese issues include thesimplication o procedures in the acquisition o mining agreements and exploration permits, as well as exercising responsibility in undertakingmining projects.

Minerals Development



Development Themes

2

Intensify development and uti lizationof renewable, environment-friendly andclean alternative energy sources andtechnologies

Te potential benets o renewable energy shall

be recognized by increasing market awarenesso alternative energy projects, its environmentalbenets, potential contribution to energy security and rural development. Te option tobee up energy capacity through nuclear powersources shall also be explored. Nuclear energy is widely considered to be cheaper, more reliableand cleaner than ossil uels. General SantosCity was initially identied as potential site orthe development o nuclear power.

Improve transmission and distributionsystems

o improve the transmission and distributionsystems, monitoring the ef ciency andperormance o electric transmission anddistribution utilities will be stepped up.Maintaining a competitive investment climateinvolving transmission and distribution projectsshall be promoted.

Enhance energy efficiency andconservation

Energy ef ciency and conservation willinvolve advocating or the passage o relatedlaws, including the Energy Ef ciency andConservation Bill and encouraging LGUs toundertake energy conservation programs by promulgating this law through the issuance o local ordinances.

Institute enabling regulatory f rameworkto promote sustainable use ofresources

Increased investments, more ef cientagricultural production and processing,

sustainable minerals development, and inclusivegrowth, among others, shall be achieved throughpolicies, laws, rules, regulations and measuresthat encourage investments and protect theenvironment and ensure participation o localcommunities in development. Particularly, theollowing strategies shall be actively pursued:

• Formulate and implement regulations or measures or the conservation o natural resources. Tis willensure sustainable use o renewable resourcesincluding orest and minimizing the depletiono non-renewable ones including minerals. Te participation o local communities inthis regard, shall be o utmost importance asthis would necessitate changing attitudes andpractices in the use o resources;

• Rehabilitate and protect the watershed areas. Enorce the laws related to the rehabilitationo watersheds as provided or under RA 9136or the EPIRA Law. Monitoring o watershedrehabilitation eorts and managementactivities shall be increased. An Integrated Water Resource Management approach

shall be adopted to ensure sustainable watermanagement o the river basins. Tis will entailthe ormulation o master plans or these riverbasins and tapping o existing institutions that will monitor/regulate river basin management;

• Optimize the use o resources while achieving proftability through technology. Whilemulticropping has been advocated many timesover, this approach to agricultural productionhas not been ully pursued by Mindanao armers.Adequate technical and extension support, as well as viable markets and distribution channels

or multicrops, have to be provided to ensure abroader adoption o this agricultural productiontechnology. echnical support should oerarmers options to increase production but with minimal negative environmental eects,particularly in agricultural areas planted toexport crops;



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• Strengthen quality control mechanisms o the government, particularly or agricultural and fshery products to meet international standards.Internationally accepted grading standards shallbe developed and promoted, particularly orruits, vegetables, cutowers, shery, livestock

and poultry products and exploit the economieso scale in product marketing. Bigger rms shallbe encouraged to provide support to small rmsand cooperatives in the areas o packaging andmarketing services;

• Promote and support the Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) agreements among the governments o Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Fiji and the Philippines. TeCoral riangle is the global center o marinebiodiversity and one o the world’s top priorities ormarine conservation. It spans Eastern Indonesia,parts o Malaysia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, imor-Leste, Fiji and the SolomonIslands. Te designation and establishment o “priority seascape” marine reserves; legislation

and planning to curb overshing and protectthreatened species shall be pursued under thisinitiative; and • Intensiy stronger advocacy and awareness onbiodiversity conservation and protection particularly

on their critical role in providing products and servicesessential to human welare and serving as indicators o environmental health. Te development o resource-based industriesshall be accompanied with natural resourcemanagement programs to institutionalizeenvironmental protection and conservationparticularly the resources that have globalsignicance and the indicators o environmentalhealth such as presence o dugong, manta ray, giantclams, sea grasses, mangroves, and indigenousorest resources. Conservation awareness amongresource users and advocacy o related policies likethe National Integrated Protected Area System(NIPAS) or RA 7586, Wildlie Act and FisheriesAct, shall ensure the protection o environmentand sustainability o ecosystem.

Growth with Social Equity

Te challenge o ensuring that growth wouldtranslate into improved wellbeing o the peopleentails the distribution o economic gains to

people who may not easily be able to cope withtheir basic needs. Tis will require strategiesor providing services and employment to helpthese segments o the population meet theirneeds and be more productive members o society.

Basic Services Provision

In the next 10 years, ocus shall be directed atstrengthening the provision o basic services,particularly among the poor areas in Mindanao.

Te strategies shall include improvement o access to education while preserving cultureand aith, health services, water and sanitation,and improving levels o nutrition and access tohousing.

Strengthening provision o basicservices and access to employment shallbe directed to the poor to improve their

productivity and achieve better standardo living or all.

Improving access to education whilepreserving cul ture and faith

Te ocus shall be on areas with very highilliteracy levels and very low participation ratessuch as ARMM and parts o ZamboangaPeninsula and CARAGA Region. Te madaris,known as the oldest educational system inMindanao and recognized to be the single,

most important actor in the preservation o the Islamic aith and culture, shall be supported. o draw the indigenous peoples into themainstream, indigenous learning systems thatare culturally-sensitive shall be advanced incoordination with the government, the academeand the LGUs.



Development Themes

2

o increase the population’s access to betteremployment opportunities, completion o highschool education shall be made nonnegotiable.Greater investments shall then be directed atsecondary education, particularly in the ruralareas.

Promoting technical/vocationaleducation

o promote access to education and literacy,a closer look at alternative and short-terminterventions shall be considered. For instance,technical and vocational (tech/voc) educationthrough the government-mandated agenciesshall be vigorously pursued given its short-term requirements and long-term eects. ech/ voc education helps provide people with stablesources o income, and is responsive to the skillsdemanded by the labor market.

Stronger LGU support for communityhealth and nutrition

LGU provision o health and nutrition servicesmust be intensied. LGUs shall be encouragedto increase their resource allocation onimproving the health personnel-to-populationratio and quality o health services as wellas access to health insurance. In particular,reduction o inant and maternal deaths shall

be reduced through the provision o qualiedhealth personnel and quality health services. Te proposal should be parallel with a strongreerral system and broader access to hospitalcare. Te establishment o Botika ng Barangay shall be vigorously pursued by the LGUs.

Nutrition services both or the mainstreampopulation and internally displaced personsor IDPs shall be prioritized. Catch-up eortsto reduce malnutrition rate shall be sustainedthrough culturally-sensitive nutrition programs.Education and communication campaigns

at the community level shall ocus reducingmalnutrition while limiting the usual strategy o constant government dole-outs throughits eeding program. In addition, gains in theimprovement o access to sae water supply andsanitary acilities shall be sustained and led by the LGUs. Hunger mitigation interventions

shall likewise continue to be pursued or the whole Mindanao, ocusing on the priority provinces. As o 2006, seven o the 10 worstood-poor provinces, which are given priority,are rom Mindanao. Tese are Agusan del Sur,Lanao del Norte, Maguindanao, Sarangani,Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Norte, andZamboanga Sibugay.

Improving Access to Housing

Improved access to housing will be achievedthrough the provision by government o along-term mortgage shelter nance programthat eatures cost recovery and cross subsidy mechanisms. Sel-nancing/cooperative schemesor land acquisition and housing shall bedeveloped. Te design o assistance packagesshall be aordable to homeless population, without prejudice to the sustainability o housingnance. With regard to the inormal settlers,

the national government in coordination withthe LGUs shall provide lands or resettlementsites or those occupying priority inrastructureprojects and danger zones.



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Employment Generation

Eorts on employment generation in the next ten years shall be directed at developing the industry sector, including manuacturing and processingindustries, promotion o entrepreneurial and

business opportunities, and human resourcedevelopment.

Agri-industrialization in thecountryside

Industries provide various orms o employment.Mindanao shall seriously redirect its strategy rom merely exporting raw materials toprocessing and manuacturing to create moreand stable jobs and business opportunities.

Market inormation on high-demand productssuch as banana, coconut, cacao, mango, seaweeds,livestock, shing and poultry shall be madeavailable to communities through aggressiveinormation and dissemination programs. Tis will allow them to participate more actively in themarket. o support this eort, the governmentshall strengthen the telecommunicationshighway and inrastructure support.

Corporate arming, which is suited to theorientation o local communities includingex-combatants, indigenous peoples and Moro

communities, shall be pursued with moreaggressive technical assistance rom the non-government organizations and LGUs and creditsupport rom the government.

Mindanao shall participate in the global Halalood and non-ood trade to expand its marketopportunities. Mindanao shall maximize itsparticipation in this market by developing Halal-certied products ranging rom vegetables,ruits, livestock, grains, poultry, shing andorestry both in their raw and processed orms. Te communities can participate in these

opportunities through contract growing andthrough micro and small industries. In thisregard, technical services and credit supportrom the government shall be increased andmade more accessible to communities that willpursue this undertaking.

o support the growth o Halal-based industries,the technology or ensuring saety and quality shall be made available and the establishmento laboratories to support issuance o Halalcertication must be pursued by the government.Upstream and downstream industries, like

storage and transportation services, should thenbe anticipated to support the growth o thisindustry.

Te pursuit o more stable employment andthe widening o employment opportunities will hasten economic integration and will leadto a long-term solution to the armed conictsituation in Mindanao.

“ One Town, One Product”

Generation o stable employment shall bepursued through the creation o enterprises andbusinesses in rural communities. One strategy inthis regard is the development o products thatare community-based and use indigenous raw materials. Trough the One own, One Product(OOP) strategy, poverty has been alleviated inmany communities in the country.

In this regard, the key potential products shall beidentied or each community and the necessary technical, nancial and marketing support shallbe extended by the government in order to

develop the products. Mindanao shall exploreits local talent or arts, crats and urniture thatdepict its culture and aith in these products as well as processed oods and beverages. Under thisstrategy, the indigenous communities and ex-combatants are assisted in terms o employment, without them leaving their homes and amilies.

Te development o micro, small and mediumenterprises shall be key in generating moreemployment in OOP areas while ensuring thatthe local economy is growing and beneting thepoor population.



Development Themes

2

Industry clustering

Industry clustering shall be continually pursued with the objective o strengthening thesynergy among collaborating, cooperating andinterdependent industries and businesses in

Mindanao. Tis strategy ocuses on improvingbusiness prospects o individual and groupenterprises through joint undertakings in variousprograms and nancial assistance extendedat various levels o government that wouldotherwise produce marginal results i undertakenindividually.

Under this strategy, priority products areidentied and given preerence in assistance andsupport to allow them to expand its export baseand increase export market potentials. Priority products include coconut, rubber, seaweeds,ruits, oil palm, orestry and marine-basedproducts. Assistance under this strategy shallinclude capacity building o institutions involvedin the development o priority industries, linkingpotential buyers and investors, and extendingtechnological and nancial assistance.

Employment in the mining industry shallalso be made more sustainable with the activeintervention o the government. In particular,government shall help raise the consciousnesso mining rms regarding the exercise o

saety standards in mining tunnels and mineralprocessing areas, and in exercising corporatesocial responsibility in areas aected by miningactivities. Te streamlining o explorationpermits shall be prioritized to enable miningindustries to take o and improve its share inMindanao’s total output.

Another employment generator and growthdriver or Mindanao is the growing IC industry.Having vast tracts o land, a generally typhoon-ree climate, lower cost o living comparedto Luzon, and relatively high availability o

telecommunications and power acilities,Mindanao shall venture into positioning itsel as the BPO Hub in the South. As o 2010,Mindanao has a total o nine I parks; ourare existing and ve are being developed.Eorts at promoting these I parks have beenincreasing alongside the demands or BPO-

and IC-related services. Te establishmento other I parks in Zamboanga Peninsula,Northern Mindanao and SOCCSKSARGEN,shall also be undertaken. LGUs in these areasshall be encouraged to allocate the requiredbusiness lands and appropriate the required

telecommunications and electricity requirementsto make their I areas suitable or PEZAregistration. Te potential labor orce shall alsobe prepared in terms o communication skills toincrease their capacities in meeting the demandrequired or I-related jobs.

Job fi tting

One important strategy or improvingemployment prospects is by matching theacademic and skills preparation o the peopleto the manpower requirements o industries. Tis will be addressed by looking at thedemand (industries) and supply (academe) sideo job tting. At the demand side, the skillsrequirements shall be assessed by being keen onthe directions o economic growth. Forecastingthe job requirements will be based on the growtho the economy’s subsectors and advocating therequired skills through the line agencies. TeLGUs will in turn prompt the academe on theappropriate curriculum that they will oer withsupport coming rom the private sector. Tegraduates they produce would then match what

the local economy requires.Building internationally-competitivehuman resources

Mindanao’s economic uture will demand thatit broadens its competitive advantages to a largesegment o comparatively better educated andEnglish speaking workorce. Improvement o thequality o trained people across many job areasshall be assured, while constantly deepening theknowledge-base and technical skills that shall beat par with global standards.

Te education system shall provide equalopportunities to people o all ethnic and culturalbackgrounds. It will produce graduates who areunctionally literate; procient and condentin the English language; technically-skilled in



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inormation technologies and endowed with aFilipino sense o global world view.

Meeting these demands requires workers to becompetitive. Modernization o schools will thusbe widely promoted to ensure, among others,

that computerization is institutionalized both inpublic and private schools. Te Department o Education’s institutionalization o E-skwela shallbe vigorously pursued at all levels o education,including the out-o-school youth who want topursue tertiary education ater passing the onlinecomprehensive examinations.

Logistics support shall be made more ef cient by improving the tri-modal transportation systemand telecommunications acilities, ensuring energy security and increasing share rom the nationalbudget allocation. Tis approach will strengthenconnectivity and complementation among urbancenters and rural areas, with the latter benettingthe most rom the increase in market demandas economic activities and service unctions areeectively linked.

Mindanao’s external connectivity shall be improved

by opening potential gateways and upgradingexisting ones. Tis will allow Mindanao to crossinterregional and national boundaries that willincrease the inow o development opportunitiesin the area.

Te cities o Davao, General Santos, Cotabato,Zamboanga, and Cagayan de Oro shall continueto serve as the network o primary growth centersin the next decade. Iligan City shall be developedrom secondary to primary growth center.Cagayan de Oro City shall also unction as a majorprimary growth center in Mindanao in addition

to Davao City. Te cities o Koronadal, Pagadian,Butuan and Surigao shall remain as the network o secondary growth centers. Tese areas are morelinked with the primary growth centers and therural areas, thus allowing or more integrated urbanareas and dispersed economic activities (Figure 3).

Efficient Logistics Support

Tis strategy will allow the local comparativeadvantages to be maximized, aside rompromoting interregional competition that will bring about more ef cient use o local

resources. Tis should enable the network o urban centers to become more cohesive andallow the secondary urban centers to assumebigger market and service unctions.

Greater connectivity between rural areas andurban areas shall be pursued to improve theircomplementary relationship. Te rural areas willbenet rom dispersed development throughthe potential increase in the demand oragricultural products and o-arm employmentopportunities that will eventually improveincomes o the rural population.

Initiatives on the transportation industry inMindanao may include reorms that seek tostrengthen institutions involving streamliningo procedures, oering incentives and penalty systems including improvements o the legaland regulatory ramework toward promoting

ransportation andcommunication acilities shall beimproved to strengthen physicaland economic linkages amonggrowth centers and rural areas.

Te echnical Education and Skills DevelopmentAuthority (ESDA) shall step up eorts toensure that government education and skillsdevelopment programs are accessible and meetminimum industry quality standards. Tis shallbe undertaken within the Unied echnical and

Vocational Education and raining (VE)Program Registration and Accreditation System,that ensures that training programs conducted by training institutions undergo quality assuranceand compliance with minimum requirements. Te availability o tech/voc education shall beprovided both by the government and the privatesector to widen the beneciaries’ opportunitiesto avail o its programs.



Development Themes

2

Figure 4. Mindanao’s Network of Growth Centers, 2020

Internal connectivity

o acilitate greater connectivity among theMindanao regions, the establishment o theMindanao Railway System shall be pursued tosupport the anticipated increase in the volumeo passenger and cargo traf c. Te railway system is expected to be a more ef cient, reliableand aordable mode o transport. It will boostthe tourism industry and the overall economicdevelopment o Mindanao. Te railroad willconnect the growth centers o Davao, General

Santos, Iligan, Cagayan de Oro, Butuan,Zamboanga, Cotabato, Marawi, Pagadian andDipolog.

Te railway system shall be complemented with the improvement o roads connecting theregions. CARAGA Region shall be accessed

rom Davao Region with the proposed Surigao-Agusan-Compostela Valley Road. Tis route willbenet the agricultural areas and the high-interestmining areas along Eastern and SoutheasternMindanao. Tis connection is expected to bringdown the high incidence o poverty in Surigaodel Sur, Agusan del Norte, Butuan City, partso Agusan del Sur, Davao Oriental, CompostelaValley and Davao del Norte.

From Davao Region, Northern Mindanaoshall be connected by the proposed Bukidnon-

Davao del Norte Road and Misamis Oriental-Bukidnon-Davao City Road covering theNorthern-Southern Mindanao LogisticsHighway. Tese initiatives shall promote thedevelopment o the agricultural areas, open upmore opportunities and spur more aggressiveeconomic activities along these routes.

ef ciency, and levelingthe playing eld or aircompetition in the delivery o transport services. With regardto the high shipping cost, theshipping industry’s regulatory

environment shall be revisitedto lower the cost and makethe shipping industry morecompetitive. o ensureimpartiality and ef ciency in government processes,the separation o operationand regulatory unctions o transport institutions shall becontinued. In recognition o the impacts o climate changeand disasters in inrastructure,these concepts will beconsidered in the transportpolicy ramework.

Improving the Network of the Intermodal Transport System

A competitive policy environment shallbe promoted to encourage private sectorparticipation and public-private partnershipin the delivery o transport services, takinginto account the appropriate tari levels, risk-

sharing and assuring return on investments. Te peace situation should be addressed toassure stability o the investment climate andrestore private sector condence.



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ARMM’s connectivity to other regions shallbe improved with the proposed Dipolog-Oroquieta Road leading to the ZamboangaPeninsula, which links the ARMM provinceso Basilan, Sulu and awi-tawi to the rest o the country. Te road will also open more

opportunities or the high-impact mining areasin the Zamboanga Peninsula.

External connectivity

Mindanao’s external connectivity shall beurther enhanced by pursuing the improvemento the existing nautical routes and improvingsome airports that connect Luzon, the Visayasand the rest o the world to Mindanao. Tenautical routes shall improve Mindanao’s accessthrough the Visayas via the eastern, central and western coastlines making use o the ROROacilities. Te improvement o key airports shallenhance Mindanao’s links to the rest o thecountry and to the world.

From the eastern coastline, access romthe CARAGA Region shall comprise the

improvement o the RORO links o SurigaoCity and Southern Leyte ports. Te ROROconnects the eastern side o Mindanao with therest o the country via the Visayas. CARAGA’sair links shall be provided by the improvemento Butuan airport.

From the western coastline, the existing IliganCity-Dapitan City route connecting Mindanaoto Luzon through the Visayas shall be expandedto cover Zamboanga-(Siasi, Bongao-Maluso) Jolo RORO link as a missionary route. Teproposed improvement o the Bongao (Jolo)Airport and the ongoing improvement o theAwang Airport will serve Sulu Archipelago,Zamboanga Peninsula and Central Mindanao while serving as gateways to the Asia Pacicregion. Subports in awi-awi shall also beimproved to connect the island with Jolo,Basilan, Zamboanga City and Maguindanao. Tese improvements will complete the WesternNautical Highway route beneting ZamboangaPeninsula, Lanao del Sur and the islands o Jolo, Sulu, awi-awi, and Basilan.

Figure 5. Ongoing and proposed transport projects, Mindanao, 2010-2020





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Peace Building

Ensuring peace in Mindanao shall involvespecic strategies that address armed conictand, at the same time, promote human security.

o this end, the peace building ramework shallcenter on: (a) improving governance or peace;and (b) promoting inclusive peace. Tese twostrategies shall be pursued as socioeconomicinterventions that will ensure access to basicservices and means o livelihood o thoseaected by the conict are implemented.

Improving Governance for Peace

Improving governance or peace in Mindanaoshall be achieved through broadening o peacenetworks and constituencies. Representationsrom all stakeholders, i.e., government, civilsocieties, and citizens shall participate inpolicy ormulation as well as in the design,implementation and monitoring o community-based peace and development programsparticularly in conict-aected and vulnerableareas.

Te involvement o the civil society and citizensin peace governance eorts shall be aggressively encouraged to promote transparency

and accountability. Capacity building ondevelopment planning, plan implementationand monitoring, and evaluation o programs andprojects shall likewise be intensied to make the

Promoting Inclusive Peace

Initiatives on the peace process shall continueto be implemented. Strategies on this shallbe in the context o an inclusive peace process which involves multilevel and multistakeholderparticipation both in policy making andimplementation. Tis will ensure that policiesare bias-ree and peace building programs caterto the needs o the Mindanao people.

For broader participation, there should be equalopportunities or all individuals in terms o access to resources and market. Tus, addressingthe needs o the least-developed communitiesand marginalized groups (children, women, youth, disabled) shall be given priority. Policiesand programs shall ocus on improving accessto basic services like education, health andhousing; protection during armed conicts; andelimination o all orms o discrimination.

Social protection programs to be implementedshall include allocation o unds or the

membership o the indigents, e.g., tribalcommunities, IDPs and ex-combatants to thesponsored program o PhilHealth. Supportmechanisms such as access to micro nanceservices and skills development or the poor andthe vulnerable sectors shall also be promoted.

Improving governance or peacein Mindanao shall be achievedthrough broadening o peacenetworks and constituencies.

institutions and stakeholders eective partnersin the implementation o development projectsand advocacy eorts. Monitoring structuresand mechanisms shall be strengthened andinstitutionalized through the installation o the inormation support system or peace anddevelopment.



Development Themes

3

Good Governance and Strong Partnerships

Good governance shall be pursued, ocusingon greater transparency and accountability o local government units and public of cials

particularly in delivery o basic services andbuilding economic base or their territorial jurisdiction. Government partnership with theprivate sector in regional development shall bepursued.

Pursue Greater Transparency and Accountability

Greater transparency and accountability shallbe pursued through eective monitoring o national- and oreign-unded programs andprojects to increase the condence o partnerdonor organizations, the private sector and thegeneral public in Mindanao.

Te use o digital governance shall be one o the primary vehicles or curtailing grat andcorruption. Online acility in the conducto business transactions and registration,procurement and marketing shall be vigorously promoted among the national governmentagencies and the local government units toshorten transaction time, bring down the

cost o doing business, and provide eedback mechanisms. Tese will allow greater privatesector participation in the development anddecision-making processes o the government.Best practices shall be documented and models o good governance shall be advocated to encourageollowers and minimize bad governance.

ransparency and accountability shall also bereinorced by utilizing revenue-generation andrelated systems provided by the government tostreamline revenue-generation eorts that willstandardize the cost o doing business among

LGUs. Using these systems will improve theoperations o the local bureaucracy and promoteoresight and innovativeness in scal governance.

Te ormulation o local development plans(LDPs) as an instrument or increasingtransparency and greater accountability is

Optimize Revenue-Raising Powers Te Local Government Code o 1991 embodiesthe decentralization policy o the country that should be aggressively pursued to achieve

genuine empowerment or local governments.Given their scal autonomy, local governmentsshall optimize their revenue-raising powersto increase local sources not only throughtraditional tax revenues but more in non-taxrevenue generating activities. LGUs shall be weaned rom over-reliance with IRA as this runscounter to the objective o decentralization. Ontop o these, LGUs shall continue to promoteSMEs and broaden the access o organizedcommunities to micronance, especially oreconomic enterprises. Local governments shall

continue to promote alternative unding acilitiesincluding the BO schemes and its variants orits own projects and among private investors. Te provision o acilitating mechanisms, such asbetter and appealing incentives or inrastructureinvestments, will encourage the private sector toembark into these orms o nancing schemes.

Partnership with the privatesector in the provision o basic

services and inrastructureinvestments shall be strengthened.

mandated in the Local Government Code. TeLDPs provide the directions or economic andsocial development o a locality, and the LGUsare accountable to provide to the extent possible,adequate basic services to their constituents andadvance their respective localities’ interests.

Te provisions under the Anti-Red ape Act(ARA) shall be pursued in collaboration withthe Civil Service Commission. All regionalof ces and local government shall adhere tothis Act, as this is one o the most importantmechanisms in improving governance at alllevels.



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Strengthen Government Partnership with the Private Sector

Public-private partnership (PPP) shouldbe promoted in investments in publictransportation, telecommunications, power, andother local services. Government shall acilitateproject development and implementation.

Partnerships with the private sector includingcivil society organizations in the provision o basic services shall likewise be strengthened.A successul example related to this strategy isthe Adopt-a-School program which has madea big impact in improving the conditions o public schools. Initiatives o the private sectorto provide health and nutrition services shallbe encouraged and sustained to generate moreresources and boost support or governmenteorts. Private sector participation in theprovision o low cost housing or the poor as well as community-based housing and sitedevelopment activities shall be encouraged.

Private sector participation in governance shallbe ostered through their involvement in thelocal government councils. owards this end,the selection process shall be enhanced to

allow or wider participation o business, theNGOs, civil society organizations and religiousleaders particularly in the advocacy o peaceand development. Te academe and the privatebusinesses can take advantage o each other’sresources, with the ormer providing researchexpertise and the latter, unding support.

Advocate Increase of Mindanao’s Share from the National Budget

In the perspective o improving Mindanao’sshare to the national budget, it shall continually advocate or the review o the regionalallocations o national line agencies reectedin the General Appropriations Act (GAA). Te disparities observed in the allocation o the

Develop Disaster-resil ient Communities

Reducing disaster risks and enhancingcapacities for climate changeadaptation

Mindanao is blessed with good climate andeven distribution o rainall. Recently however,the rising incidence o ood has been notedin urban areas. Being located in the easternseaboard, certain areas o CARAGA are proneto ooding and landslides. Areas o CentralMindanao are prone to ooding and earthquake

hazards. Populations in the mining areas o Davao region are also vulnerable to man-madedisasters like rock alls and cave-ins. o helpmake communities become more resilient,disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures shallbe undertaken through the upgrading o institutional capacities or DRR and climatechange adaptation (CCA).

Mainstreaming of DRR/CCA insubnational land use and physicalplanning

Identication o communities and assessingtheir vulnerabilities to the occurrence o any hazard event and the identicationo appropriate mitigation and adaptationstrategies shall be undertaken and integrated inthe regional and subregional plans.

national budget among regions do not take intoaccount the levels o poverty, HDI and scarcity o resources. Advocacy shall then involve theinclusion o these parameters in determiningthe share o regional allocation rom thenational budget.

Advocacies on the use o Of cial DevelopmentAssistance (ODA) shall be directed atupholding its intended use under the ODAAct o 1996 particularly the achievemento equitable growth and development andthe preerence or rural inrastructure andcountryside development.



Concluding Statement

3

Concluding Statement

Te vision o a peaceul and socially-inclusiveMindanao with a strong, sustainable,competitive, IC-driven, agri-industrial,resource-based economy that is responsiveto local and global opportunities impliessubstantial work or all who have a stake inMindanao. Te Framework, particularly itsve development themes, provides the generalapproaches or strategies that Mindanao couldundertake in anticipation o the global rebound.

Te Medium-erm Regional DevelopmentPlans o Mindanao will spell out thespecic strategies, programs and activities insupport o the development themes raisedby the Framework. Te integration o theFramework into the Medium-erm PhilippineDevelopment Plan, 2011-2016, will reectits conormity with national development

goals and objectives and urther emphasizeMindanao’s vital contribution to the country’soverall growth.

It is important or the National Governmentto be able to come up with a purposive anddenitive policy and action plan or Mindanao.

As mentioned by the Framework, this policy and action plan should include: (a) the pursuito the Peace Process based on honest dialogueamong all the stakeholders; (b) the ocusedinterventions to address the needs o the most vulnerable and marginalized sectors in the island;and (c) ensuring environmental sustainability. o strengthen regional and national integrationand cohesiveness, Mindanao’s provinces, citiesand municipalities also need to be linkedtogether and with the rest o the country as they prepare their development plans, investmentprograms and annual budgets.

Te participation o the private sector is equally crucial or the attainment o the objectives o the Framework. Specically, the Framework prescribes an environment that invites privatecapital to contribute substantially to Mindanao’s

development and oster the entrenchment o aculture o peace.

And as envisioned, by the end o the decade, thepeople o Mindanao shall have reaped the gainso development and attained a better quality o lie nurtured by lasting peace.



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Mindanao Strategic Development Framework 2010-2020Published by:

Regional Development OceNational Economic and Development Authority 12 Escriva Drive, Ortigas Center, Pasig City

ISBN: 978-971-8535-25-7

For inquiries, please contact:

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