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CONVEGNO OPERAZIONI REMOTE CON I SAPR Rome, Casa dell’Aviatore, 15th November 2018
Col. GArn Ing. Filippo TRIGILIO
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH-AGS Program.
Directorate of Air Armaments and Airworthiness
Scope
Aim
To provide some information on military rules, RPAS military certification
and the Global Hawk Alliance Ground Surveillance (GH-AGS) Program
To share some characteristics and issues related to the RPAS military certification
OBJECTIVE
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 1/25
Military Airworthiness Rules
Military Type Certificate for RPAS
NATO GH-AGS Program
AGENDA
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 2/25
Military Airworthiness Rules
Military Type Certificate for RPAS
NATO GH-AGS Program
AGENDA
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018
Technical Regulations
Ministerial Decrees
National Law (Air Nav. Code,… )
Intl. Law (Chicago Convention)
Military Rules
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 3/25
CLASSIFICATION (DM dated 23rd June 2006) • RPAS classification is based on the energy related to weight and onboard
fuel quantity. According to a NATO case study, a 66J energy falling body is the hazard limit for a human being.
• The norm defines the following classification:
RPAS CLASS MILITARY A/C REGISTRATION
AV- STRATEGIC (MTOW>500kg)
YES
AV-TACTICAL (150kg<MTOW<500kg)
YES
AV-LIGHT (20kg<MTOW<150kg)
YES
AV-MINI/micro (MTOW<20kg)
NO
RPAS Classification
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 4/25
In order to insert a military RPAS into air navigation, following the Military Type Certificate, a DOCUMENTO TECNICO OPERATIVO (DTO) is required.
LIMITAZIONI AREE DI IMPIEGO
DTO IS AGREED BETWEEN
WORKING AREA LIMITATIONS
AERONAUTICA MILITARE
acting as
MILITARY AVIATION AUTHORITY (MAA)
ENAC
Acting as
CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY (CAA)
Military Rules
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 5/25
MILITARY TYPE
CERTIFICATE
DAAA input
RPAS recognized as aircraft (by law) (2004)
Law nr. 178
(2006) DTO-1
Technical Agreement for Operation - Air Force, Civil Regulators (ENAC, ENAV) Military Regulator (DAAA) for conflict, crisis, in segregated areas of operations
(2006)
Air Navigation Code Revision
(2006) Ministerial
Decree RPAS taxonomy and classification
Art. 743 (definition of Aircraft) RPAS Art. 745 Admitted to air navigation by DAAA
(2010) COM
(Military Law Code)
Art. 246 RPAS definition Art. 247 RPAS operation in designated areas
(2010) DTO-2
(2012) DTO-3
Expanded to cover Foreign military RPAS operations
(Diplo Clearance process)
Operation of RPAS in designated areas (corridors published in AIP)
L A W
L A W
O P S
O P S
Military Rules
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018
(2016) DTO-4
Applicable also to specific agreements No radar coverage required
6/25
FULL INTEGRATION
FLIGHT IN DESIGNATED AREAS/CORRIDORS
“SMART SEGREGATION“
SEGREGATION
2004 2020 2016 2010
Military Rules
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 7/25
Military Airworthiness Rules
Military Type Certificate for RPAS
NATO GH-AGS Program
AGENDA
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018
Struct.
Mater.
Prop.
System
Electric System
Arm & Self-prot.
SW
Avion. &
Diagn. Sys.
E3
HMI
RMS
Struct. Envir.
Flight Perf.
Hand. Qual. Arm. &
Self-prot.
…
RMS
Military Type Certification & Qualification
System Safety
A/C Cybersec.
Airworthiness
Operational Performance
MILITARY TYPE
CERTIF.
MILITARY TYPE
QUALIF.
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 8/25
Certification Process
Acquisition Contract Industrial Initiative START
Application for MTC
Application for MDOA Certification Basis/DOC/DUS
Airworthiness
Certification Program Plan
MOC Agreement
AW Matrix
MOE production
A/W Codes
Special Conditions
A/W artifacts goal
Kick off Meeting
Certification Panels
Witnessing
CP/MPTF
Final Revue – Tech Rep MTC Release
Design Org Exposition
MOP Analysis
On-Site Survey
MCVE Privileges
MDOA Recognition
International Agreement
AER.P-21
Rome, 15 November 2018 Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. 9/25
DAAA is member of the NATO FINAS (Flight In Non-segregated AirSpace) working group which developed the following standards:
• STANAG 4671 Fixed wing MTOW>150kg - Edition 2 ratified,
Edition 3 under ratification
• STANAG 4702 Rotary wing MTOW>150kg
• STANAG 4703 Fixed wing MTOW<150kg
• STANAG 4746 Rotary wing MTOW<150kg – At final stage
• Certification requirements are incremental with weight in order to guarantee
safety of the third parties AER(EP).P-2 rule is recognizing the NATO standards with some further national restrictions.
Certification Criteria
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 13/25
Predator A+ (MQ-1C)
Shadow 200 (RQ-7C)
Predator B (MQ-9A)
Certified RPAS
Strategic and Tactical RPAS
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 10/25
Strix-C (RQ-10C)
Asio-B (RQ-24A)
Strix-D (RQ-10D)
Spyball-B (RQ-25A)
IA-3 Colibrì
Certified RPAS
ScanEagle (RQ-27A)
Mini RPAS
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 11/25
Sixton-A (RQ-12A) Crex-B (RQ-26A)
Raven DDL (RQ-11C)
Crex-CC
Certified RPAS
Micro RPAS
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 12/25
Certification Basis (CB)
Requirements = f (Design Usage Spectrum)
Compliance Non-Compliance
Evidence not sufficient Design Problems
Single Point of Failure (No Fail-Safe)
Risks
Certification Criteria
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 14/25
(15;1E-4)
(150;1E-5)
(750;1E-5)
(4000;1E-6)
1,E-07
1,E-06
1,E-05
1,E-04
1,E-03
0,1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
Maximum Take-Off Weight [kg]
Cu
mu
lativ
e P
rob
abili
ty C
atas
tro
ph
ic [/
flh]
MICRO MINI LIGHT TACTICAL STRATEGIC
0,0015 / MTOW
0,0813 / (MTOW)1,36
Certification Criteria
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 15/25
Military Airworthiness Rules
Military Type Certificate for RPAS
NATO GH-AGS Program
AGENDA
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018
2009: PMOU NATO AGS PROCUREMENT
15 Nations
NATO Alliance Ground Surveillance Management Agency (NAGSMA)
GH-AGS Background
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 16/25
2010: Board of Director Decision
IT MOD – DAAA
Initial Airworthiness MTC – Military Registration
GH-AGS Background
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 17/25
2012: CONTRACT
NGISSII - NAGSMA
NGISSII SYSTEM DESIGN RESPONSIBLE- START OF CERTIFICATION ACTIVITIES
END OF CONTRACT MAY 2017 5 AIR VEHICLE ORDERED
GH-AGS Background
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 18/25
2018: CONTRACT RE-BASELINE
BY MAY 2017 NO MTC ISSUANCE DUE TO LACK OF EVIDENCES
MILESTONES IN AWC ESTABLISHED IN ORDER TO REACH NEW MTC GOAL (DECEMBER 2018)
GH-AGS Background
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 19/25
GH-AGS Overview
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 20/25
GH-AGS Overview
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 21/25
INITIAL MTC IS EXPECTED AT THE END OF 2018
RISK OF DELAY VERY HIGH
A NUMBER OF TECHNICAL ISSUES STILL OPEN
HIGH RISK OF OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS
A COMMON UNDERSTANDING AMONG NATO COUNTRIES IS NECESSARY IN ORDER TO JOINTLY ASSESS OPERATIONAL
LIMITATIONS AND ATM INSERTION RULES
Status of GH-AGS Certification
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 22/25
NATO GH AGS Operations Strategy
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 23/25
Common Airworthiness
Rules
Mutual Recognition
between MAwA
Common ATM Rules
STANAG 4671 NATO RECOGNITION PROCESS
STANAG 7234
Civil Aviation Authority
Involvement
NATO Vs EUROCONTROL
OPERAT IONS
Military Type
Certificate Air Traffic Insertion (ATI)
Diplomatic Clearance
Ferry Flight planned on February 2019
GH-AGS Ferry Flight
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018
Route Definition & Authorization
24/25
DAAA Military Aviation Autority
Limitations
• DAAA contribute to 13 years of safe RPAS Operations
• Pillars for safe RPAS Operations:
RPAS Technical Reliability
Suitable Technology
Procedures • For the future, address RPAS design at the early stages
CONCLUSION
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program. Rome, 15 November 2018 25/25
CONVEGNO OPERAZIONI REMOTE CON I SAPR Rome, Casa dell’Aviatore, 15th November 2018
Col. GArn Ing. Filippo TRIGILIO Directorate of Air Armaments and Airworthiness
Military rules on RPAS certification. The NATO GH AGS Program.