Miladyâ€™s Standard Nail Technology

Milady’s Standard Nail Technology

History and Opportunities

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— Robert CushingAmerican Colonel

“The fact is that to do anything in the world worth doing, we must not stand back shivering and thinking of the cold and danger, but jump in and scramble

through as well as we can.”


Objectives

• Describe the origins of personal beautification.• Name the advancements made in nail

technology during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

• List the career opportunities available to a licensed nail technician.


History

• Brief history – Cosmetology encompasses a broad range of specialty areas.

• Cosmetology – is defined as the art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair.

• Nail technology – is the art and science of beautifying and improving the nails and skin of the hands and feet.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

ACTIVITY: Divide the students into groups and have them brainstorm about all the qualities and skills they believe are required of nail technicians and what they have observed during their own visits to a salon. Ask for a volunteer to act as the “scribe,” and record their responses on the flip chart or board. You may want to supplement their ideas with the following: - Advice giver - Expert in practical skills - Nail art designer - Trustworthy - Businessperson - Self-promoter - Poised and well-groomed - Effective communicator - Current with technologies and procedures NOTE: Be sure to have a small token reward for the volunteer to demonstrate that volunteering is rewarded and painless.


Early History

• Cosmetology is one of the oldest professions in the world.

• Archaeological studies reveal cosmetology practice as early as the Ice Age, more than 10,000 years ago.

• Implements varied:– Sharpened flints and oyster shells– Bone, animal sinew, and strips of hide


Early History, cont’d.

• Pigments used to color hair, skin, and nails:– Roots and berries– Tree bark and leaves– Herbs and nuts– Minerals and insects

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Many of these pigments and colorations are still used today.


Egyptians

• Queen Nefertiti – 1400 B.C.– Stained nails red, wore lavish makeup

• Queen Cleopatra – 50 B.C.– Stained nails rust-red, built personal cosmetics

factory

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Egyptians were the first we know of to use cosmetics for beautification, religious ceremonies, and preparation of the deceased for burial. The first evidence of nail care was prior to 3000 B.C. in Egypt and China. Egyptians created makeup for their eyes, lips, and skin, and henna stained their hair and nails a rich, warm red. Military commanders stained their nails and lips in matching colors before important battles. Queen Nefertiti: In 1400 B.C., she used henna paste to stain her nails a deep red and wore lavish makeup designs, using custom-blended essential oils as signature scents. Queen Cleopatra: In 50 B.C., she preferred a rust-red nail hue and even built a personal cosmetics factory next to the Dead Sea.


Egyptians, cont’d.

Egyptians wore elaboratehairstyles and cosmetics.

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Chinese

• Shang Dynasty: 1600 B.C.– Chinese aristocrats stained nails crimson or ebony.

• Chow Dynasty: 1100 B.C.– Royal families wore gold and silver nails.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Shang Dynasty: During the Shang Dynasty (1600 B.C.), Chinese aristocrats rubbed a tinted mixture of gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg whites onto their nails to turn them crimson or ebony. Chow Dynasty: Throughout the Chow Dynasty (1100 B.C.), very long gold and silver nails were reserved for royal families. Commoners caught wearing royal colors were punished by death.


Greeks

• Golden Age: 500 B.C. – Hairstyles became highly developed art.– The Greeks used perfumes and cosmetics in

religious rites.– They built elaborate baths.– Women wore white lead on faces, kohl on eyes, and

vermilion on cheeks and lips.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Greeks: During the Golden Age (500 B.C.), hairstyling became a highly developed art. The Greeks used perfumes and cosmetics in religious rites, grooming, and for medicinal purposes. They built elaborate baths and used excellent methods for dressing hair and caring for the skin and nails. Women wore white lead on their faces, kohl on their eyes, and vermilion on their cheeks and lips. The red pigment was made by grinding cinnabar, a mineral that is the chief source of mercury, to a fine powder. It was mixed with ointment or dusted on the skin, the same way we do with modern-day cosmetics.


Romans

• Used lavish fragrances and cosmetics• Used facials made of milk and bread or wine,

corn, flour, or fresh butter• Mixed chalk and white lead for cosmetics• Hair color indicated class in society.• Noblewomen wore red.• Middle-class women wore blond.• Poor women wore black.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The Romans made lavish use of fragrances and cosmetics. They used facials made of milk and bread or fine wine. Other facials were made of corn, flour, and milk or fresh butter. A mixture of chalk and white lead was used as a facial cosmetic. Romans developed methods for bleaching and dyeing hair. Hair color indicated class in society. Noblewomen wore red; middle-class women wore blond; poor women wore black.


Middle Ages

• 476 A.D. to 1450 A.D.• Wore towering headdresses• Wore intricate hairstyles• Used cosmetics on skin and hair• Colored lips and cheeks, but not eyes

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Middle Ages: Began in 476 A.D. and lasted until about 1450. Tapestries, sculptures, and artifacts show towering headdresses, intricate hairstyles, and the use of cosmetics on skin and hair. Women wore colored makeup on their cheeks and lips, but not their eyes.


Renaissance

• Transition from medieval to modern history• Men and women wore elaborate, elegant

clothing.• Fragrance and cosmetics were used.• Lip, cheek, and eye coloring was discouraged.• Hair was dressed with ornaments or

headdresses.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The Renaissance: A period when Western civilization made the transition from medieval to modern history. Men and women wore elaborate, elegant clothing. Fragrances and cosmetics were used. Highly colored preparations for lips, cheeks, and eyes were discouraged. Hair was carefully dressed and adorned with ornaments or headdresses.


Victorian Age

• 1837 to 1901• An austere and restrictive period• Masks and packs were made of honey, eggs,

milk, oatmeal, fruits, veggies, and other natural ingredients.

• Women pinched their cheeks and bit their lips for color.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The Victorian Age: 1837 to 1901. This was one of the more austere and restrictive periods in history. Women used masks and packs of honey, eggs, milk, oatmeal, fruits, vegetables, and other natural ingredients. Women pinched their cheeks and bit their lips to induce natural color rather than use cosmetics.


Twentieth-Century Trends

• 1908: Max Factor cosmetics• 1910: Flowery manicure products• 1917: Buffing and clear polish• 1920s: Advertising grew to $25 million

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Twentieth Century: Motion pictures allowed viewers to see celebrities with flawless complexions, beautiful hairstyles, and manicured nails. The era of industrialization brought new prosperity, and all forms of beauty began to follow trends. Trends 1908: Max Factor began manufacturing and selling makeup to movie stars that wouldn’t crack or cake, even under hot studio lights. 1910: Flowery Manicure Products invented the emery board. 1917: Buffing products and clear polish were invented and used. 1920s: Cosmetic advertising grew from $2.5 million in 1915 to $25 million in 1925. Total sales for cosmetics and toiletries grew from $8.6 million in 1909 to $33.5 million in 1920.


Twentieth-Century Trends, cont’d.

• 1930s: Charles Revson introduced nail lacquers• 1940s: Aerosol cans invented• 1950s: Tube mascara introduced• 1960s: Paper nail wraps created

Presenter

Presentation Notes

1930s: Charles Revson introduced nail lacquers in a variety of colors in 1932. 1940s: Aerosol cans were invented. Shiny lips came into vogue. Nail polish applications omitted the lunula and sometimes the nail tip. 1950s: Tube mascara was introduced. Weekly salon appointments boomed. Red nail lacquer was popular. The decade eventually produced frosted, pastel colors and hot oil manicures. 1960s: Paper nail wraps protected nail tips. Detached natural nail tips were reaffixed using model airplane glue and strands of cotton. Frosted nail shades and hot oil manicures continued to be popular.


Twentieth-Century Trends, cont’d.

• 1970s: Monomer liquid and polymer powder, French manicure, ridge filler, square-shaped nails introduced

• 1980s: Nail art• 1990s: Day spas, spray

guns, and spa pedicures introduced

Presenter

Presentation Notes

1970s: Monomer liquid and polymer powder nail services were introduced. Artificial nail tips applied with cyanoacrylate adhesive were invented. Jeff Pink invented the French manicure. Ridge filler was offered on the market. Square-shaped nails came into vogue (made popular by Cher). 1980s: Nail art with decals, jewels, metallic strips, and hand-drawn art became popular. Acrylic nails continued to improve. 1990s: Day spas were born. Spray guns were used. Creative Nail Design introduced the spa pedicure.


Other Notable Achievements

• UV gel systems• Color UV gel and monomer/polymers• Nail care services reached a high.• Pedicure demand peaked.• Career choices soared.• Nail enhancement performance improved.• Polish became safer and longer-lasting.


Twenty-First Century

• UV gel enhancements grow.• Nail polish formulations evolve.• Foot and skin care products grow.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Twenty-first century: Nail care becomes part of the client’s grooming ritual. UV gel enhancements grow: Growth is a result of adhesion capabilities, thinness of application, permanent shine properties, and no-color formulations. Nail polish formulations evolve: Formulations embody chip-resistant, fade-resistant characteristics and safer ingredients. Implements are greatly improved. Foot and skin care products grow: Scrubs, masks, and serums that address dryness, dullness, and skin-aging issues are produced.


Nail Tech Career Paths

• Technician in a traditional salon

• Technician in a med spa• Technician in a medical

setting• Salon management

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Career Paths for a Nail Technician Nail Technician in a Traditional Salon: Luxurious manicures and pedicures, nail-strengthening treatments, nail enhancements, UV gel nail services, and silk and fiberglass nail wraps. Nail Technician in a med spa: Reflexology, aromatherapy, and specialty treatments. Medical Setting: Possibilities include podiatry and medical offices, veterans’ hospitals, and other medical facilities. Salon Management: Opportunities include inventory manager, retail sales manager, department head, special events manager, assistant manager, general manager, and salon owner.


Additional Career Choices

• Product educator• Distributor sales representative• Freelance editor for photo shoots/films• School instructor• Product developer• Product marketing• Public relations

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Additional Career Choices Product educator Distributor sales representative 3. Freelance editor for photo shoots and films School instructor Product development Product marketing Public relations: To learn more about all types of salon business models and resources for advanced education, see Chapter 20.


Review

• What are the origins of personal beautification?• Name the advancements made in nail

technology in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

• List some career opportunities available to licensed nail technicians.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Clearly, opportunities for a successful career in the field of nail technology have never been better. There are more jobs available than there are technicians to fill them. You can be very successful if you are dependable, ambitious, willing to work hard, and motivated to develop the technical skills and personal characteristics necessary to achieve success. The positive behaviors necessary to achieve your desired level of success will not develop overnight. It is essential that you begin practicing success behaviors and patterns while you are in school so that you will be more competitive when you enter the workforce in a few short months. 1. What are the origins of personal beautification? ANSWER: The origins of personal beautification are found in ancient cultures. Ancient ruins and archaeological excavations have given us proof that even in prehistoric times, men and women were interested in making themselves more attractive. Paintings, sculptures, and the written word are the means by which we can study the practices of personal beautification—including nail grooming—by early cultures. 2. Name the advancements made in nail technology during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. ANSWER: In the early twentieth century, the invention of motion pictures coincided with an abrupt shift in American attitudes. This era also signaled the onset of industrialization, which brought a new prosperity to the United States, and all forms of beauty began to follow trends. The first half of the twentieth century introduced commercial nail-buffing products, the first nail lacquers, and the invention of the emery board. The second half of the twentieth century to present day, witnessed the invention of Juliette wraps, liquid monomer and polymer powder nail enhancements, UV gel nail enhancements, silk and fiberglass wraps, plastic nail tips, improved adhesives and resins, and the popularity of in-salon manicures and pedicures plus nail art. The first spa treatment for the hands and feet—to be performed by nail technicians—was introduced in 1998. Natural nail strengthening products and systems have become both extensive and specific to clients’ particular nail conditions. All state-of-the-art manicure tools are now ergonomically designed. 3. List some of the career opportunities that are available to licensed nail technicians. ANSWER: Career opportunities for licensed nail technicians include: Services--Full-service nail technician, natural nail specialist; nail enhancement specialist; pedicurist, and medical nail technician. In-Salon Business--Educator/education manager; inventory manager; retail sales manager; department head; special events manager; salon assistant and general manager. Other Career Choices--- Product educator for a manufacturer or distributor; distributor sales representative; freelance editorial nail technician for photo shoots, films, and more; beauty school instructor/supervisor; product development; product marketing and public relations


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Miladyâ€™s Standard Nail Technology