8/7/2019 Middle Childhood Hand Outs

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Middle Childhood

developmental period that occurs between the ages of 5and 10 years

children are more independent and physically active thanearly childhood development

physical development takes place because of heredity,nutrition, normal developmental variation and physicalactivity

children can perform increasingly complex task (i.e. ridinga bicycle, dancing and playing sports or musicalinstruments) because of the progression in muscularstrength, hand-eye coordination

development of initiative or guilt according to Erickson

desire to copy the adults around them and take initiativeto play situations

using of the word ´WHY?µ in exploring the world

stage involved in the classic ´Oedipal struggleµ and resolvethrough ´social role identificationµ.

Oedipal struggle

  a stage where the child experiences an erotic attachmentto one parent and hostility toward the other parent

  comes from the Greek myth about Oedipus who killed hisfather and married his mother without realizing it. Oedipushad been abandoned at birth and was found and adoptedby a nation which later was at war with Oedipus· nation ofbirth of which his father was king. Oedipus, in battle, killedhis father without realizing that he was his father, and thenmarried the King·s Queen who was his mother, again,without realizing that she was his mother. When Oedipusdiscovered the truth, he put himself in exile and gouged hiseyes out.

  boys want to get rid of their father and marry their

mother; girls want to get rid of their mother and marrytheir fathers ² ́ Electra Complexµ

  the dynamic sees a recrudescence around adolescencewhen the teenager becomes competitive with the same sexparent and usually gets along better with the opposite sexparent.

  ´Kids need to know their place.µ

´We cannot get away from the assumption that man's sense of guiltsprings from the Oedipus complex and was acquired at the killing of the father by the brothers banned together.µ (Freud, 1930) 

frustration over natural desires and goals may lead to guilt.

most significant relationship is with the family basic

"  Family life is the source of the greatest human happiness. Thishappiness is the simplest and least costly kind, and it cannot be

 purchased with money. But it can be increased if we do two things:if we recognize and uphold the essential values of family life and if we get and keep control of the process of social change so as tomake it give us what is needed to make family life perform itsessential functions.´ - Robert J. Havighurst

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

Growth

children grow at a slow consistent rate before reaching a

large growth spurt during adolescence.

Skeletal and Muscular

average weight increase: 5 to 7 pounds a year.

average height increase: 2 to 3 inches a year

muscle mass increases as baby fat decreases, the legs

become longer, and the body trunk becomes slimmer.

strength gradually increases due to heredity and exercise

doubling their strength, during these years. Because of a

greater number of muscle cells boys are usually stronge

than girls.

Motor Skills

motor skills become smoother and more coordinated than

in early childhood, (i.e. they are able to master running

skipping, bicycle riding, and skating)

  Gross motor skills - mastery of large muscle

movements.

  Fine motor skills - dealing with dexterity.

  Boys will usually out perform girls in gross moto

skills, whereas girls typically perform better than

boys in fine motor skills. As children get olde

they become more aware of their bodies, and

more able to control their physical movements.

Children are able to keep their attention longer, and have

less distracting body movement.

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

School

Childhood Stress

the separation from parents or guardian

Adjustment in the beginning of school

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Children and Parental Roles

dealing with adjusting to children finding themselves

attending school, and becoming more independent

praising and disciplining their children

Peers

challenged with the issue of being accepted in their schoo

environment

Television and Violence

Becoming an Individual

children are developing their individual selves, and finding

their place and belonging

self-esteem is a key factor in development throughout l ife