Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain · PDF fileMid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project ... wasted due to poor marketing ... in the district by Plan International. This report was

Mid-term review ofMilk Value Chain ProjectVehari

Evaluation & Research ReportNRSP-MER/2011-I

National Rural Support ProgrammeIslamabad, Pakistan

We warmly thank NRSP’s – Plan Milk Value Chain Project team in district Vehari and Livestock section at NRSP head office who supported the MER team at NRSP head office during the survey and for the provision of all required information.

Evaluation & Research Report - MER/2011-IMid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari

Prepared by: Sharafat Sherazi, Ghaffar Paras, Hamza HassanReviewed by: Rachel AbbeySupervised by: Muhammad Tahir Waqar (Programme Manager - MER)

Design & Layout: Mansoor Abid

All rights reserved, but development organisations which are working in the rural areas specially non-profit organisations working for capacity building can use this material for the benefit of poor rural communities. It is requested that please acknowledge the effort made by NRSP. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording for the commercial or profit making purpose or otherwise without the written permission of the National Rural Support Programme.

Copyright © National Rural Support Programme - March 2011

Table of Contents

Executive summary 1Background 2Introduction 3 Vehari Baseline findings/project rationale (Plan International and Intercooperation) 3 Project Objectives 5Impact Assessment: Objectives and methodology 7 Assessment Objectives 7 Methodology 7Findings and Analysis 8 Institutional assessment of FMCs 8 FMC Records 8 Institutional sustainability 8 Member participation 9 Milk collection (quantity) 9 Milk collection and storage (quality) 10 Amjad Majid: FMC Unit Manager 11 Sadia Ashraf: training on the milk value chain 12Assessment of services by NRSP 13 Training on Feed and Fodder Practices 13 Feed and fodder services 14 Vaccination and de-worming services 15 Impacts of the PMVCP on the quality and quantity of milk 16 Summary of PMVC Project Progress 17Case Studies 18 Sabir Maqbool: running of the feed mixer 18 Abdul Sattar: provision of fodder seeds 19 Farman Ali: improvement in milk quality and quantity 19Conclusion and Recommendations 21 SWOT Analysis 21 Participant feedback and recommendations 23

List of Annexures

Annex 1: List of selected villages for Survey 25Annex 2: List of individuals and answered questions of the survey 26Annex 3: FMC questionnaire 33

List of Tables

Table 1: Breakdown of MVCP components 5Table 2: Targets against achievements 17

List of Figures

Figure 1: % of members supplying milk to FMCs 9Figure 2: Milk collection by FMCs in litres 9Figure 3: FMC formation against performance 10Figure 4: Adoption of silage/ feed and fodder practices post-training 14Figure 5: Utilisation of the feed mixer 15Figure 6: Feedback on vaccination and de-worming services 16Figure 7: Improvements in milk collected (quality and quantity) 16Figure 8: Summary of participant feedback 23

Table of Conetnts

Acronyms

AIT Artificial Insemination Technician BZU Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityEB East BankFGD Focus group discussionFMC Farmer Milk CooperativeGDP Gross Development ProductHYV High Yield Variety HS Haemorrhagic SepticaemiaINGO International Non-Governmental OrganisationIC Inter CooperationLEAD Love Education and the Aspiration to change Destinies MER Monitoring Evaluation and Research MS MicrosoftNRSP National Rural Support ProgrammePMVCP Plan Milk Value Chain ProjectPI Plan InternationalPSC Poverty Score CardPRSP Punjab Rural Support ProgrammeSWAT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats UC Union CouncilUMB Urea Molass Block VVW Village Veterinary WorkerWB West Bank

DefinitionsDhoodi – milk collection agentChiller – refridgerator unit for the storage of milk

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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari

Executive Summary

Agriculture is the largest sector in Pakistan contributing 21% to GDP and employing 45% of the national workforce.1 Pakistan is now the forth largest milk producing country in the world. The livestock industry constitutes 53% of all agricultural activities,2 within this sector, Punjab produces the largest share at around 60%. Milk processing and supply in Punjab is dominated by large companies from the private sector. These companies operate through collection centres or dhoodis (milkmen) which offer payment to farmers based on the quantity and quality of milk collected.3 Dhoodis also collect milk for household level distribution. This system means that the collection of milk is controlled by middlemen leaving farmers open to exploitation. District Vehari in Southern Punjab was selected to pilot the EU funded “Milk Value Chain Project (MVCP)” with activities commencing in May 2010. Plan International designed the MVCP with the objective of improving the system of milk production, collection and management among low income earning livestock farmers. The PMVCP entailed the setting up of 100 Farmer Milk Cooperatives (FMCs) to improve the system of milk management, the provision of training in feed, fodder, livestock care and livestock breeding services, vaccination for livestock, and the distribution of chiller units.

Conducted over May and June 2011, this study collected information through 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) with FMCs constituting 47% of the total cooperatives formed at this time, and a survey of 75 beneficiaries. FMC members stated there to have been a major improvement in both the quality and quantity of milk produced. 83% of FMC members noted an improvement by 0.5-1 litre of milk per shift being produced and 7% indicated an improvement of 2-2.5 litres. Members believe this to be the result of better feed, fodder and veterinary services. 99% of participants in the vaccination and de-worming programme are fully satisfied with the services evidenced in the reduced use of antibiotics for livestock.

The study indicates that overall, 50% of FMC members are selling milk to FMC Units and that 53% of FMCs are collecting more than 400 litres of milk on a daily basis. One of the central reasons for this was found to be low levels of mobilisation with this being separated from other project components. This strategy meant that staff did not form a close link with communities, normally built up through the mobilisation process. The use of multiple organisations in this case also meant that activities were not coordinated as a complete package but carried out separately with progress varying for different activities across different FMCs. The poor were also not focused upon for the provision of services. This can again be connected to poor levels of mobilisation during the project. This report concludes that if participant feedback is taken into account in future planning and implementation, that this is an excellent project with strong chances of being successfully replicated in other areas also.

1 Government of Pakistan, Pakistan Economic Survey, 2009-102 Ibid3 In some areas milk collection centres are also used but this was not found to be the case in the areas investigated in Southern Punjab

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Background

Agriculture is the largest sector in Pakistan contributing 21% to GDP and employing 45% of the national workforce.4 The sector also indirectly contributes to the economy through forward and backward linkages in the form of raw materials, pesticides and machinery. Despite the fact that, due to a lack of investment, overall growth in the agricultural sector has been falling for the past three decades, the livestock industry continues to grow. As the single largest contributor to the agricultural sector, the livestock industry constitutes 53% of all agricultural activities and 11% to GDP.5 Now being the fourth largest milk producing country in the world, Pakistan produces 33 billion tons of milk annually.6 Within this sector, Punjab produces the largest share at around 60%. The Government of Pakistan aims for the livestock sector to improve food security, assist in poverty alleviation, and add to foreign exchange earnings. It plans to further develop the sector through improvements in service delivery to be driven by public-private partnerships.

Milk processing and supply in Punjab is dominated by large companies from the private sector such as Nestle, Milkpak, Olpers and Hala. These companies operate through dhoodis (milkmen) which offer payment to farmers based on the quantity and quality of milk collected.7 Quality indicators include fat content, purity, and bacteria. Dhoodis also collect milk for household level distribution. This system means that the collection of milk is controlled by middlemen (the dhoodis) leaving farmers open to exploitation and with little control over pricing. Situated within Southern Punjab and with a daily milk production of 2.18 million litres8 (comprising 73% buffalo milk and 26% cow milk), district Vehari was selected to pilot the “Milk Value Chain Project (MVCP)” with project activities commencing in May 2010.

4 Government of Pakistan, Pakistan Economic Survey, 2009-105 Ibid6 Pakistan Dairy Development Company, (2006), The White Revolution: Dhoodh Darya, white paper on Pakistan’s Dairy Sector, Lahore, Pakistan7 In some areas milk collection centres are also used but this was not found to be the case in the areas investigated in Southern Punjab8 Pakistan Economic Survey 2007-08

Overview of Milk Value Chain in Pakistan

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Introduction

In early 2010, Plan International in coordination with Intercooperation, conducted a baseline survey and found that 88% of farms fell into the category of a small herd (1-4 animals), higher than in other parts of Punjab. The Plan team concluded that the lack of coordination between these small and scattered holders was making milk collection difficult to manage and expensive. The baseline also found that milk was largely being wasted due to poor marketing infrastructure and the use of dhoodis and contractors who do not have the appropriate facilities for milk handling. Further results from the baseline are detailed in the section on profiling.

The MVCP aims to increase income levels through improving the quality and quantity of milk produced by smallholder farmers and to raise levels of nutrition through increased milk consumption in the home. Plan International designed the MVCP with the objective of improving the system of milk production, collection and management among low income earning livestock farmers. The MVCP had six major components comprising: feed and fodder practices with nutritional deficiencies in livestock being a primary cause of low milk productivity, veterinary services with a large number of livestock in the area suffering from parasitic infections, family nutrition services, the milk management system and marketing, livestock breeding services and the distribution of goats to the destitute. All components are to be carried out through 100 FMCs formed in the district by Plan International.

This report was conducted through 15 FGDs carried out with FMCs in Vehari, alongside this a survey was carried out with 75 individual farmers to assess levels of participation and obtain more detailed feedback on each project component. The reporting period was from March to May 2010. The first section of this report begins with an institutional assessment of Farmer Milk Cooperatives (FMCs), sections two and three focus on two components of the project: the feed and fodder training and the provision of veterinary services. The report concludes with a summary of findings, participant feedback and recommendations.

Vehari Baseline findings/ project rationale (Plan International and Intercooperation)

Comprising three tehsils which include: Vehari, Burewala, Malsi and 89 Union Councils (UCs) district Vehari is situated within southern Punjab on the right bank of the River Sutluj. Its population of 2.15 million is primarily based in rural areas. The land area is 4,364 kms2 of which 90% is under cultivation.

Farm size and composition

The average farm size per household is 3.78 acres, almost all of which is cultivable. This is confirmed by the 2006 Pakistan Livestock Census that finds dairy farming in district Vehari to be dominated by smallholders. Livestock herds comprised mixed animals with each

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household holding an average of five animals. The price of animals is very high. Farmers grow fodder as well as grazing animals on field bunds/ road sides or canal banks. 94% of farms were owned by men and 6% by women.

Productivity

Productivity per animal was low, mainly due to poor livestock care, breeding and management practices. Seasonal fluctuations further compound the problem which is partly attributed to the scarcity of green fodder and partly to the predominance of buffalos in dairy production. The use of supplementary feeds is limited and the quality of feed is generally poor due to adulteration and high pricing. Livestock health services were poor. Animals are regularly vaccinated against hemorrhagic septicemia and foot and mouth disease although a large number of farmers remain with limited access to other vaccination programmes; mainly conducted by the public sector.

The marketing and sale of milk

Between 60% to 70% of milk produced is sold depending on location and access. The majority of the milk produced is consumed as raw milk or converted into ghee. Up to 70% of milk was marketed through dhoodis. The remaining 30% was collected by processing plants. The dhoodis are the main intermediaries linking milk farmers in rural areas with consumers in urban centres. Dhoodis handle milk in a crude way with a typical dhoodi owning a few metallic containers or plastic drums in which he transports milk to shopkeepers or khoya (condensed milk) makers. Farmers and consumers claim that dhoodis use improper measurements and adulteration in order to maximise profit margins. Milk companies have introduced a more organised system of milk collection providing chillers at the farm level and using refrigerated carriers. This has provided competition to dhoodis improving the prices farmers are able to obtain for milk. For this model to be cost effective, this is aimed at larger farms only. Farmers remained uncoordinated meaning that price negotiations took place between individuals rather than cooperatives which would have more bargaining power.

Market actors in the value chain and share of milk price

Introduction

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Challenges

The central challenge faced by the dairy industry in district Vehari is the lack of coordination between the large number of small and scattered holders. This makes milk collection difficult and expensive. There is also a significant wastage of milk due to poor marketing infrastructure and the dominance of dhoodis who do not have appropriate facilities for milk handling and the prevalence, malpractices by marketing agents.

Project Objectives

The central objective of the project is to increase the incomes of small scale livestock farmers in Vehari. This will be achieved by coordinating farmers to sell milk in bulk to the market rather than as individuals to dhoodis increasing their bargaining power. The quality and quantity of milk produced will be improved through better feed and livestock care, storage facilities and equipment for testing milk quality will also be supplied.

Table 1: Breakdown of MVCP components

Component Organisation ActivityImprovement in Livestock Breeding

PRSPArtificial insemination of livestock for improved breedingAwareness raising sessions in all FMCs regarding best breeding practices.

Feed and Fodder Services

NRSP

3,000 FMC’s members are to be trained, by relevant experts, regarding fodder production, crop residue enrichment, supplementary feeding and water access. Water troughs and fodder mixers will be installed in each of the 100 selected FMCs. The project team will assist rural communities to establish demonstration plots (fodder plots) to introduce improved fodder varieties and modern cultivation practices.15 barns to be constructed inclusive of biogas plants.

Livestock Veterinary Services

NRSP

The project team will train 3,000 FMC members on curative and preventive measures through different veterinary services. All livestock are to be vaccinated Only members will receive the de-worming facility for their livestock. 200 FMC members will be trained on vaccination.

Milk Management System and Marketing

LEAD

100 FMCs in the selected project villages are provided cooling tanks which will help to maintain the quality of milk for which a better price from the retailers may be obtained. All stakeholders including FMC members and other suppliers (dhoodis) are provided trainings on cleanliness and best supply practices for milk management. Training to 400 female FMC members in value chain awareness is also included and 300 individuals will be provided trainings on the technical and financial management of milk produced.

Introduction

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Component Organisation ActivityFamily Nutrition NRSP

An awareness campaign on “Milk as a Food Supplement” is included. 200 technicians trained on milk quality testing

Distribution of Goats Plan

2,000 beetal goats will be distributed to 400 beneficiaries identified as the poor and vulnerable (5 Goats to each beneficiary) including all women. All 400 beneficiaries will be provided training in value addition and best livestock management practices.

The duration of this project is 18 months. The overall financial layout of the project is 2.18 million euros.

Introduction

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Impact Assessment: objectives and methodology

This study assesses the progress and impact for two of the three components of the MVCP that the NRSP is working on: feed and fodder and veterinary practices initiated in May 2010. Family nutrition services are not covered under this study being at the very initial stages only.

Assessment Objectives

The assessment has four central objectives: • To verify participation levels and obtain feedback on each of the project components. • To measure the impact of feed and fodder services on individuals/ FMC members. • To measure the impact of veterinary services on individuals/ FMC members. • To measure the institutional capacity of FMCs.

Methodology

The MVCP is a district level project; focusing on 100 villages across three tehsils in Vehari. Two questionnaires were developed for the survey, one for the assessment of individual FMC members and another for the institutional assessment of FMCs. The questionnaires were shared and finalised with the MVC Project team at the NRSP Head Office. Two survey teams were established consisting of staff from both NRSP Head Office and the project office in Vehari. The surveys were conducted from March 24, 2011 to March 30, 2011. Primary data was collected via FGDs. Random sampling was used with 15 villages selected or 15% of the total number of villages included in the project. These villages include 15 FMCs (list provided in Annex-1). 75 FMC members (5 from each FMC) were selected for individual interviews (listed in Annex-2).

It should be noted that this is a mid-term evaluation and that the MVC Project is still in progress. Many FMCs therefore require further capacity building. Some members interviewed also joined their FMCs late and had not yet participated in the project trainings; this should be taken into account when measuring project impact to date.

Focus group discussion with FMC, Vehari

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Findings and Analysis

Institutional assessment of FMCs

Plan International is carrying out the process of social mobilisation constituting the formation of FMCs in 100 project villages in Vehari. The average FMC size is 38 members with the largest comprising 60 and smallest 31. FMCs were found to be relatively inclusive with 59% men and 41% women. The institutional assessment of these has been broken down into FMCs capacity for record keeping, milk collection, institutional sustainability and maintenance.

FMC records

The MVCP is at the early stages of the project with activities still underway/ being initiated. A high number of meetings and good record keeping is therefore expected at this stage with mobilisation levels expected to be strong. According to FMC members, over 50% of FMCs are conducting meetings fortnightly; the main agenda of these meetings includes

discussions to increase membership, milk pricing, and feedback from members on services provided in the MVC Project. Problems were found in record keeping comprising the Milk Record Register, Resolution Register and receipts provided by the milk collecting company. 20% of FMCs were found to have no proper records available at the unit. Reasons behind this include lost records and the fact that Plan International is still in the process of issuing these. In some cases, FMCs are recording the collection of milk on rough pages with FMC resolutions constituting the only record of meetings. This needs to be looked into and addressed with appropriate registers, formats and training provided.

Institutional sustainability

The central objective of the project is to create sustainable cooperatives that FMC members and non-members can sell milk to as an alternative to the system of local dhoodis. This is to enable small livestock farmers to obtain a higher price per unit of milk. The running cost of each FMC Unit is approximately Rs. 24,000 per

Milk purchase register

FMC progress review meeting

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month which includes utility charges, and salaries. All charges are being paid by Plan International until project completion. In to be order sustainable, each FMC Unit needs to make a profit margin of Rs. 2 on each litre of milk it buys and must collect almost 400 litres of milk on a daily basis. Three indicators are explored in this section in relation to FMC sustainability. These are: member participation in terms of the percentage of members selling milk to the FMC, milk collection (the quantity of milk collected from FMC members) and milk quality looking into the quality of milk collected and the storage facilities for this, the numbers that have had milk rejected are also analysed.

Member participation

53% of FMCs were found to be sustainable collecting milk from 80% or more members on a regular basis. The remaining 47% of FMCs need to be looked into with only 50% of members in this regularly supplying / selling milk to FMC Units. The major reason for this, according to the FMC members, is the fluctuating usage of milk at household level. Some also stated that the chiller (used for the safe storage of milk) was situated too far from their houses increasing the risk of milk spoiling during transport.

All FMC Units surveyed are saving Rs. 2 on each litre of milk purchased. No relation was found between FMC size and performance in any of the indicators analysed (member participation, milk collection, savings, and quality).

Milk collection (quantity)

53% of FMCs are collecting a sustainable amount of milk on a daily basis e.g. 400 litres or more (shown in figure 2). From these, two FMCs are managing to collect up to 600 litres on daily basis and are requesting another chiller from Plan International. This is now under consideration. The reasons given for those not collecting a sustainable amount include a lack of motivation among members, the rejection of milk from milk collecting companies further lowering motivation levels (40% of FMCs have had milk rejected), and

Figure 1: % of members supplying milk to FMCs

Figure 2: Milk collection by FMCs in litres


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villagers being in debt to dhoodis. This last aspect highlights the need to include dhoodis in this project in some areas rather than the focus on bypassing these altogether. The process of social mobilisation also needs to be looked into with levels of participation expected to be higher due to project activities being recently initiated/ still in process.

The two highest performing FMCs, Arian and Sardar were both formed in month one and three of the project. Both these FMCs are

collecting milk from 80% of their members, they have never had milk rejected by companies, they have a relatively high amount of savings at Rs. 50,000 and Rs. 90,000, and both are collecting more than 500-600 litres of milk on a daily basis.

However, these two high performing FMCs were found to be exceptions with no correlation found between FMC performance and the date of FMC formation/ maturity levels (see figure 3). The survey sample of 15 is not large enough to confirm this with total livestock numbers also not recorded. It is suggested that a later evaluation be also conducted to compare performance levels post-project completion.

Milk collection and storage (quality)

As part of the process of milk quality testing, milk collection companies check levels of fats and the temperature of milk before purchasing it or calculating price per litre. If the milk quality or temperature is not appropriate, it may be rejected. In these cases, FMCs have to absorb the loss. According to project staff, some FMCs are turning off the chiller units to reduce utility costs, this is leading to a higher number of rejections and larger losses. The survey indicated that milk from almost 40% of FMCs has been rejected once or twice by milk collection companies with temperature cited as the reason behind this. When milk is

Dhoodis transporting milk

Figure 3: FMC formation against performance

Chiller unit for milk storage


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rejected, FMCs sell their milk to other milk processors/ companies in the area at a lower price. 40% of FMCs have developed linkages with milk processing companies other than the regular milk collection company. There was no connection found in the survey sample between FMCs that had milk rejected and the formation of linkages with alternative smaller milk companies and vice versa (often willing to buy lower quality milk for a lower price). Encouragingly, 2-3% of FMCs have also developed linkages with local dealers of fodder and fertilisers in order to purchase these in bulk.

Abdul Majid: FMC Unit Manager

Abdul Majid, is the president of FMC Sardar Milk Corporation in village 453-EB of tehsil Burewala. He lives in a modest three-room house with his wife and eight children. One of his daughters suffers from disability and he found it difficult to provide for the family and ensure that she received proper medical treatment. Prior to becoming the FMC president Majid was a farmer. His land consists of three and half acres on which he grows vegetables. His annual income was one lakh and he says that he and his family were living hand to mouth.

When the MVCP was initiated in his village the community members agreed on Majid as the president of the FMC. His position required him to keep track of all the members and ensure the proper collection of milk and maintenance. Although technical work wasn’t his expertise, with time his knowledge increased and the FMC members are happy with his performance. In the beginning, it was also difficult for him to give time to FMC activities but he later shared his farming activities with others in his family and managed it well. According to Majid, the amount of milk collected was very low at the initial stages of the FMC but as villagers learned about FMC activities, this amount rapidly increased. Majid states that initially there were a lot of trust issues amongst the communities towards the project but attitudes changed as the community saw the benefits of the project; “Now people feel the system is better, organised and efficient instead of having to deal with middlemen”.

Presently, the FMC has 30 members, 35% of which are women, with a number of non-members selling milk to FMC on daily basis also. Majid believes that, “The participation of women in the FMC is encouraging. The cooperative continuously works to increase membership in order to increase milk collection”. The total amount of milk collected on a daily basis from this FMC is around 550 litres. The FMC currently needs a second chiller for the storage of milk with the present capacity of the one provided by the MVCP being 500 litres. Majid states that the FMC overall

FMC Sardar - review meeting


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has made gains of Rs. 50,000 per month. The FMC ensures that everyone saves Rs.2 from every litre of milk which contributes towards its savings. Majid himself owns livestock and has also received training in their feed and fodder under the project where he learnt methods of better fodder making etc. The project also provided vaccination for livestock and Majid states that this has significantly cut livestock diseases in the village. “This year only one animal caught a disease and that was because it was outside of the village premises and had not received the vaccination.”

Sadia Ashraf: training on the milk value chain

Sadia Ashraf is a member of FMC Arain Milk Corporation in village 573-EB of tehsil Vehari. Sadia participated in the training on the milk Value Chain under the PMVC Project. This

training was designed to improve her skills and now she is able to make better quality sweets, cheese, butter and other milk-based products to sell.

Sadia says, “before I took the training, I used to throw away the spoilt milk now I use this. My family were very surprised the first time I managed to make cheese from spoilt milk”. Sadia plans to start business selling milk-based products which she believes will significantly increase her income. She is now sharing her skills with other women and girls in the area.

FMC Arain Milk Corporation


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Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services

NRSP is implementing three components of the MVCP: feed and fodder trainings/ inputs, veterinary services and family nutrition. Due to the later initiation of activities to enhance family nutrition, the first two components relating to feed and fodder and veterinary services are analysed in this section only. This section also includes a summary of progress on these.

Training on Feed and Fodder Practices

NRSP is training 3,000 FMC members, 30 from each FMC in: • the introduction, importance and preparation of balanced rations • the use of agricultural by-products in animal feed • hay and silage making • range management for improving forage for animals • the introduction of fodder trees • the introduction of high yielding varieties (HYV) of fodders • the importance of flush rations in sheep/goat production • the use of urea in animal feeding-precautions and control • the use of urea-molasses blocks • the use of concentrates/supplements in animal feed • the feeding of livestock when fodder is scarce

Trainings have been initiated in 76% of FMCs with 45% (2,683) of members so far trained. From those trained, 100% of participants state that their skills have improved as a result of the trainings. Members report that they are now also sharing the information gained during the trainings with the other villagers in the area (74% of those trained reporting doing this). Trainings on silage making were felt to be particularly important given the frequent shortage of fodder in the area affecting the production of milk. It is important to note that at the time of this report trainings were ongoing in many areas and had only recently been completed in others meanings that many FMC members had not yet had time to implement the practices learned during these activities.

Survey results showed that 12% of FMC members have so far adopted or experimented with methodologies and techniques covered under the trainings. This has helped to improve both the quality and quantity of milk produced from livestock for these. Another 18% state that this is not needed as they have adequate financial resources for this. However, 68% have not

Feed and fodder training

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yet experimented with any techniques learnt from the trainings stating that fodder shortages tend to occur in the next season. 3% state that further guidance/ trainings are still needed on this. Refresher courses and information brochures for those already trained may also be an option for filling knowledge gaps. Women farmers in particular spoke openly about the need for more sessions to be provided demonstrating the practical application of feed and fodder practices. Those that have not received the trainings to date, state that this

is primarily because trainings have not yet been initiated in their FMCs or that they joined after the start of the training cycle.

Feed and fodder services

The feed and fodder component includes the distribution of fodder seeds to 200 FMC members, the distribution of 2,900 urea molasses blocks (a high protein concentrated feed), the construction of 100 water troughs and the provision of 100 feed mixers. Two members from each FMC are being provided with fodder seeds and to date seeds have been provided for 95 demonstration plots.

100% of those surveyed are fully satisfied with the quality of these seeds and many have already used them. However, 47% of beneficiaries indicated that the seeds were not provided according to the appropriate season. The target for the distribution of molasses blocks has been surpassed with 3,430 provided. Progress on the construction of water troughs has been relatively slow with 28 constructed to date. This area needs to be looked into against the set project timelines and barriers to progress identified and addressed.

80 feed mixers have to date been provided with the target of one mixer being provided to each FMC to facilitate the provision of quality fodder for farmers at village level. On average, 64% of members in each FMC are using this service. 92% of those reporting major increases in the quantity of milk produced were also found to be using the feed mixer provided under the MVCP. Reasons behind non-usage are that in some FMCs the mixer had not yet been installed, others were not satisfied with the quality of fodder being produced, it is also time consuming for livestock to adapt to a new variety of fodder and 1% of members

Figure 4: Adoption of silage/feed and fodder practices post-training

Water trough provided under the PMVCP


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indicated that they are not utilising the feed mixer due to the cost of this fodder type. There was no relation found between those that had undertaken training on feed and fodder and utilisation of the feed mixer. Figure 5 shows details of usage.

Vaccination and de-worming services

Plan International’s baseline survey revealed that poor health conditions of livestock are a major cause of low productivity levels for livestock in district Vehari. Frequent diseases/ conditions affecting livestock include: foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia – HS (a bacterial disease), and livestock worms. The veterinary component includes vaccination, de-worming, the training of Village Veterinary Workers (VVWs) and the construction of model barns (shelters for livestock) and biogas plants in all project villages. Vaccination campaigns are being initiated in all 100 villages of the MVC Project. Due to budgetary constraints, only FMC members are receiving the de-worming services.

Currently the second round of vaccinations and de-worming is taking place with a third round to follow this. As of March, 2011, 25,538 (1,277 beneficiary HHs) livestock have been vaccinated and 6,743 de-wormed with 90 drenching guns distributed. The construction of the 15 model barns (inclusive of biogas plants) is yet to start although seven resolutions have been passed to build these. 200 VVWs have been trained, two from each project village meaning that the project target for this has been met. Although most VVWs have received tool kits, there were a small number of cases where these had not been received after the trainings were completed.

According to the survey results, 99% of beneficiaries are fully satisfied with the vaccination and de-worming services carried out by NRSP. This is reported by FMC members to have resulted in a major reduction of livestock diseases, improvements in milk productivity, the quality of this and reduced the rate of mortality among livestock. Only one FMC member indicated that she didn’t need/ want her livestock to be vaccinated or de-wormed. The main reasons for this were recent mortalities of livestock in some villages which she believed to have been caused by the vaccinations. It is difficult to judge the reasons for these cases which were fortunately small

Figure 5: Utilisation of the feed mixer

VVW showing drenching gun for de-worming


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in number. This member was also noted not to have particpated in trainings or to be using the feed mixer service, it is advised to ensure that full information on the benefits of these components reaches all FMC members.

The baseline revealed that farmers were using antibiotics for their livestock which research shows as being dangerous for the health of livestock and as having negative impacts on productivity. 40% of FMCs indicated, during the FGDs, that villagers are still utilising

antibiotics to treat their livestock. The main reasons for this are the lack of awareness of some farmers, and the usage of antibiotics by some livestock doctors to treat diseases.

Impacts of the MVCP on the quality and quantity of milk

The purpose of the veterinary and feed and fodder components, was to improve the quality and quantity of milk being produced from livestock. 14 people surveyed have not utilised the training and fodder services due to these not yet being initiated in their FMC, lack of interest or perceived cost and are not included in the analysis. One person was found not to have participated in any service; this person has therefore been excluded from the survey findings relating to impact. Survey results revealed that according to 52% of FMC members there has been a major improvement in the quality of milk produced, 39% reported a medium improvement and 7% claimed to have experienced minor improvements. However, it should be noted that no specific form of measurement was provided on how to measure improvements in milk quality so this aspect is determined by farmers’ own perceptions only. However, the general finding that milk quality had significantly improved was confirmed by technicians working at FMC Units that observed an increase in milk fats. It is suggested in future surveys that this is evaluated according to the

Figure 6: Feedback on vaccination and de-worming services

Figure 7: Improvements in milk collected (quality and quantity)

MVC participant using best practices from feed and feeder training


17


payment received per litre of milk as the most reliable determinant of this. 16% of FMC members reported a major increase in milk production (increase by 1.5-2 litres) per shift – evening or morning. 41% also indicated a medium level of change amounting to an increase of 1 litre, and 42% of farmers reported an increase of 0.5 litres per shift. No FMC member reported not to have experienced an increase in milk production. All information analysed was cross-checked from FMC Unit managers (technicians and milk collectors). Milk collectors at FMC Units also reported farmers taking an increased quantity of milk to FMC Units despite having the same number of livestock. This evidence indicates that veterinary and feed and fodder services had a positive impact both on milk productivity and quality signalling the achievement of a major objective of the MVCP.

Summary of PMVC Project Progress

A summary of targets against achievements for all NRSP components is provided in table two.

Table 2: Targets against achievements

Sr ActivityOverall project targets

Targets as of Mar,

2011

Achievements as of Mar,

2011

% Achievements

As of Mar, 2011

Overall project achieve-ments

Remarks

Veterinary Services1 1st and 2nd round of

Vaccination in selected Villages

300 125 122 98% 41%

1st and 2nd round of de-worming in selected Villages

300 125 72 58% 24%

2 Training of VVWs 200 200 200 100% 100%3 Construction of Model

Barns/Biogas plants15 15 0% 0%

Feed and Fodder Services1 Training of FMC

members in improved feed & fodder practices, silage making

3,000 2,400 2,683 112% 89% Male = 1,937 Female = 746

2 Farm Inputsi) Distribution of fodder seeds for demonstration plots

100 100 95 95% 95%

ii) Distribution of UMBs 2,900 2,900 3,430 118% 118%3 Installation of Feed

Grinder/Mixers (Mini Feed Mill)

100 90 80 89% 80%

4 Construction of Water Troughs

100 100 28 28% 28%

5 Distribution of Farm Instruments (Drenching Guns)

100 100 90 90% 90%


18


Case Studies

Sabir Maqbool: running of the feed mixer

Sabir Maqbool, a 35 year old father of three, resides in village 573-EB of tehsil Vehari. Sabir lives in a joint family system where he is the main bread earner. Prior to his work on the project, he earned his income running a small poultry farm. He also owned livestock supplementing his income through the sale of milk. Sabir wanted to find a way to raise his income without compromising the time he spends on livestock rearing.

When he was informed by the NRSP social organisers about the Plan International project he regarded it as an opportunity to improve his financial situation and improve his technical knowledge of livestock nurturing. He quickly became a member of the FMC Arian Milk Cooperative. The FMC recommended him for the job of Feed Mixer Manager. Sabir provided the land whilst all other costs including the construction, and the provision of the mixer machine were paid by Plan International. The organisation also provided him with training

to efficiently run the machine. Alongside this, Sabir received training in livestock feeding where he learnt how to increase the quantity of milk produced from his livestock through improvements in their feed. Prior to this training, his livestock produced 15 litres of milk per day; this has since increased to between 20 and 25 litres. Previously he was making Rs.25,000 from the sale of milk from his livestock, now he is making Rs.35,000.

For the past 5 months Sabir has been running the feed mixer in his area which is being utilised by 30 to 35 people, including 22 FMC members. He himself is also actively involved in mobilising people in his area to utilize the feed mixer in order to receive quality fodder for their livestock. He charges a reasonable amount for the usage of the feed mixer and has been able to introduce new types of fodder (e.g for poultry etc). “Originally villagers had to travel 7 to 8km outside the village to be able to receive the service of a feed mixer, having this facility here is extremely convenient, it saves people both time and money”. Sabir earns an average of Rs.6,000 to Rs.7,000 from the feed mixer every month. Alongside the increased income he is making from the sale of milk, Sabir and his family have seen a substantial increase in their income since the start of the project. “I am prioritising my children’s education from the extra profit I am making; I want to ensure that my children receive the best education and I have also encouraged my younger brother who had left his studies to help earn income for the family to now re pursue his education”.

Sabir Maqbool using the MVC feed mixer

19


Abdul Sattar: provision of fodder seeds

Abdul Sattar is a 35 year old father of four. He lives in tehsil Burewala where he works as a farmer. Abdul works very hard to ensure that he provides for his children. He used to travel 250kms from his village to purchase seeds for his land from Faisalabad.

At the start of the MVCP, Abdul was forwarded by other FMC members to receive 4kgs of fodder seeds (barseen) under the project. Through this input he was able to save the cost and time spent on both travel and the cost of the seeds. He first tested the seed to observe the resulting crop. Abdul is happy with the seeds and says they are better than the ones he was formally using. He believes that these improved fodder seeds will also have a positive impact on his livestock and the quality of milk produced. Abdul also participated in the feed and fodder training. He plans to preserve the seeds from the recent sowings for the next harvest. “This time I sowed the seeds on an area of four-kanal but next time I will sow more to further increase my income and savings”.

He receives Rs.46 on each litre of milk he provides to the FMC from which Rs. 2 on every litre is kept for saving for the running costs of the FMC. “Our community should trust NRSP as it is our qaumi idara and they have been very helpful for our livelihood”. The income he earns from the FMC and the good quality fodder seeds have enabled him to generate a reasonable income for himself and his family. Abdul has now enrolled his daughter into elementary school. He has suggested that the NRSP also provide a grant for a paneer (cheese) machine for the FMC which will be of great benefit to its members.

Farman Ali: improvement in milk quality and quantity

Farman Ali is a young farmer living in tehsil Burewala. He is unmarried but provides for his household of five people. His two brothers are in the civil service and support the family financially. Farman takes care of the family farm and livestock.

Farman became an active member of the FMC World Mission and participated in the feed and fodder training under the project. Farman believes that the training he received

Abdul Sattar working in his fodder field

Farman Ali demonstrating techniques for milk testing

Case Studies

20


was very helpful. Since he completed this five months ago, Farman has altered the way he feeds his livestock including a fodder supplement also. Since implementing these practices, Farman notes that the family livestock have started producing an extra litre of milk per day per animal. “I was really surprised by the difference in productivity that changing feeding practices can make. I am very satisfied with the project and I am now helping other villagers access this facility also”. The new feeding practices are also more cost effective enabling the family to make savings.

Farman participated in a second training on silage making, or urea molasses blocks (UMBs), provided under the MVCP. He is now producing silage at home with his neighbors. He also makes use of the water trough installed in the village for livestock through the project. “At first I was not motivated to do more things by myself, I was content with the fact that my brothers were earning for us, now I am an active member of the FMC and use my spare time to mobilise the local community”. Farman now wants to pursue higher education and he is currently preparing for his matriculation exam.

Case Studies

21


Conclusion and Recommendations

SWOT Analysis

A SWOT analysis has been completed indicating the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats on this project.

Project strengths: • The well organised milk collection system, in the form of FMC Units, is one of the strongest areas of the MVC Project. Participants are using many of the services made available under the project with a noticeable improvement in livestock management practices. 97% of farmers reported an increase both the quality and quantity of milk being produced noticeably increasing income levels. • As of March, 2011 three bid sessions have taken place between FMCs and milk processing companies. During these sessions the average price received increased from Rs. 25 to Rs. 46 per litre. • Farmers, villagers and FMC members are expressing a lot of interest in taking part and managing FMC activities. Their skills and capacities have been greatly improved as a result of the MVCP.

Project Weaknesses: • It has been identified that no training manual was distributed to trainers on the topic of ‘Feed and Fodder Practices’. NRSP trainers provided the sessions according to their own experiences. This may be the reason why only 5% of members trained in silage making experimented with this. 12% of the trainees complained about the training being very short with few practical activities and some have requested further trainings. It would be useful to develop a set contents for this. • Another concern is the capacity of the chillers provided by Plan International to FMCs. Up to 500 litres of milk can be stored in these chillers but almost 14% of FMCs are collecting more than this and storing the extra milk in cans or large milk pots; which is affecting the quality of milk. Larger chillers cannot be provided due to these needing a three phase electricity connection rather than the single one needed at present. Many FMCs have therefore requested a second chiller, the number of those requesting this is likely to rise as the project progresses. • FMCs complained that teams from Plan International arrive late for community or FMC meetings. Communities, villagers and FMC members argued that it is very difficult for them to arrange meeting times taking time out from farming activities, lateness further extends the time needed for these meetings. • Dhoodis have been neglected in this project, awareness raising sessions to sensitise them that the delivery of quality milk to the communities is their social responsibility is not enough. There have been cases where dhoodis have sold spoilt milk to FMCs who experienced losses as a result of this. We understand that there is also a


22


provision to train 200 dhoodis in hygienic milk handling but further work may need to be completed on this. Presently the role of dhoodis in this project is that of a divider but they need to be utilised as a means of connecting people in the value chain. • In some cases the poor have been neglected in this project. Due to the initiation of this project, the price of milk has risen from Rs. 25 to Rs. 46 in a number of project villages which has greatly affected the destitute. It is understood that Plan International intends to counter this through the provision of 2,000 goats to the poorest, particularly women. • It has been observed during the survey that in most FMCs only prominent, rich or large farmers are managing the FMC Unit and other activities with these established on the land of wealthier farmers and these therefore in receipt of the monthly rent paid by Plan International. This is diluting the original focus of this project on poor farmers. Greater efforts should have been made to ensure that poorer farmers were placed in key positions on FMC Units and that their land was used for these. • There are issues regarding the selection of beneficiaries that receive seeds. In some cases, farmers with 8-10 livestock and substantial land under cultivation have received 3-4kgs of barseen seeds provided for the demonstration plots. The poorest are again being neglected in this.

Opportunities: • The major areas that the MVC Project has helped to overcome are the: improper methods of milk collection, wastage of milk, and the dominant role of doodhis in the villages. Farmers are clearly obtaining real benefits from this project which is potentially very sustainable. If implemented correctly there are strong chances that this could be replicated in other parts of Punjab. • The MVC Project has the potential to attract other donors including the Government of Pakistan, ASF and PPAF. • If implemented on a long term basis, this project can greatly help in decreasing levels of poverty within project villages.

Threats: • The MVC Project is causing a continuous rise in the price of milk in the project villages. This can potentially have a significantly negative impact upon the destitute. • The increase in the price of milk is directly proportional to the increase in milk being sold by farmers to FMCs. This practice is causing farm households to consume less milk at home which may have a negative impact on levels of child nutrition within these households. • The FMC Units can only continue working if they collect 400 litres or more of milk yet almost 47% of FMCs are not collecting this amount. These FMCs


23


need to increase their collection of milk if they are to be sustainable in the long term • Dhoodis are still a threat to the implementation of project activities. It was identified in some villages that dhoodis have started offering the same price of milk as that paid to FMC Units by the milk processing companies. Dhoodis also have the advantage that they collect the milk directly from peoples’ homes.

Participant feedback and recommendations

In the main, FMC members were happy with the MVCP. 45% of members stated they were fully satisfied with all project activities and a further 29% stated they had no suggestions for improvements. The remaining 26% of members made the following suggestions (as summarised in figure 8): • A notable number of FMC members surveyed expressed a desire to take low interest microcredit for agriculture/ livestock purposes. • Project staff and one FMC member reported that due to load-shedding and other costs, chillers are turned off for a significant amount of time affecting the quality of milk. One member has requested a geyser to be provided with this to increase the quality/ price of milk. • A small number of members complained that the staff carrying out the vaccination of livestock should provide more support and information on the care of livestock following this activity. • FMC members provided trainings on feed and fodder practices have concerns over the allowed timeframe (1-1.5 hours) and quality of these. Many stated that the training was too short and no practical sessions were carried out for silage making. This is currently being reviewed by the NRSP project team for further action with discussions on the development/ distribution of a training manual to make these trainings more extensive. • De-worming activities were made available for the livestock of FMC members only, other non-members would also like to avail this service. It is understood that this has so far being restricted due to funding constraints so may be an option for future initiatives in this area.

If feedback and recommendations are implemented this promises to be a highly successful project with strong chances of replication. It is understood that the NRSP is now in discussions with PPAF to extend the MVC project in other districts of Southern Punjab.

Figure 8: Summary of participant feedback



Annexes

25


Annex 1: List of Selected Villages for Survey

District Teshil UC Clusters Village No# HHVehari Vehari 10 KARWAN 573 EB 293Vehari Vehari 19 CHANAN 83 WB 633Vehari Vehari 17 SANJHI 40 WB 980Vehari Burewala 74 CHANAN 303 EB 417Vehari Burewala 65 KARWAN 116 E.B 330Vehari Burewala 68 KARWAN 453 EB 600Vehari Vehari 26 SUTLUJ 62 K.B 467Vehari Burewala 88 KARWAN 427 E.B 493Vehari Vehari 26 SUTLUJ Tibbi 160Vehari Burewala 86 CHANAN 112 E.B 400Vehari Mailsi 51 SANJHI 145 W.B 683Vehari Vehari 14 SUTLUJ 77 W.B 267Vehari Vehari 21 SUTLUJ MozaMohal 200Vehari Vehari 22 CHANAN Dad Kamera 633Vehari Burewala 84 CHANAN 373 E.B 600

Annexes

26


Ann

ex 2

: Lis

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Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices

Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices

Q. 2 Skills Improved

Q. 3 Training Experience shared

Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized

Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm

Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement

Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement

Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.

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d K

amee

raFa

khar

Zam

anM

Ham

zaTr

aine

dN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dSk

ills

Impr

oved

Shar

edN

ot

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1.

5 Li

tres

IAQ

-27

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri22

Daa

d K

amee

raM

uham

mad

Yar

MSh

araf

atTr

aine

dN

ot N

eede

dSk

ills

Impr

oved

Shar

edN

ot

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-28

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri22

Daa

d K

amee

raM

azha

r Ahm

edM

Shar

afat

Trai

ned

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Skill

s Im

prov

edSh

ared

Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-29

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri22

Daa

d K

amee

raM

uham

mad

Asif

MH

amza

Trai

ned

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

dN

ot

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

inor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-30

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri22

Daa

d K

amee

raM

uham

mad

N

adee

mM

Ham

zaTr

aine

dN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dSk

ills

Impr

oved

Not

Sha

red

Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-31

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

Tibb

iM

uham

mad

Han

ifM

Shar

afat

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-32

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

Tibb

iM

umta

z K

han

MSh

araf

atN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-33

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

Tibb

iG

hulla

mRa

sool

MH

amza

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

inor

Im

prov

emen

tM

inor

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

28


Que

s.

IDD

ate

Dis

tric

tTe

hsil

UC

Vill

age

Ben

. Nam

eG

ende

rIn

terv

iew

er










IAQ

-34

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

Tibb

iZ

ulfiq

arM

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dN

ot U

tliliz

ed

Serv

ices

Not

Utli

lized

Se

rvic

esSe

rvic

es

not u

tilise

d

IAQ

-35

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

Tibb

iG

hulla

mYa

sinM

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Min

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-36

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62-K

BZ

ahoo

r Ahm

edM

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-37

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62-K

BM

uham

mad

Zaf

arM

Shar

afat

Trai

ned

Nee

d G

uida

nce

Skill

s Im

prov

edSh

ared

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-38

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62-K

BN

azar

Hus

sain

MSh

araf

atN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-39

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62-K

BM

uham

mad

H

ussa

inM

Shar

afat

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-40

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62-K

BZ

awar

Ahm

edM

Shar

afat

Trai

ned

Not

Nee

ded

Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

dU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-41

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri21

Moh

alK

huda

Bakh

shM

Shar

afat

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-42

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri21

Moh

alM

uzaf

farH

ussa

inM

Ham

zaN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-43

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri21

Moh

alA

mir

Hus

sain

MH

amza

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-44

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri21

Moh

alH

aq N

awaz

MSh

araf

atN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-45

3/26

/201

1Ve

hari

Veha

ri21

Moh

alM

uham

mad

Ta

nvee

rM

Ham

zaN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1.5

Litre

s

IAQ

-46

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a87

427-

EB

Soob

anBi

biF

Gha

ffar

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

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Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t2

Litre

s

IAQ

-47

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a87

427-

EB

Muh

amm

ad

Yaqo

obM

Gha

ffar

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-48

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a87

427-

EB

Tariq

Mas

ood

MH

amza

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1.5

Litre

s

IAQ

-49

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a87

427-

EB

Zah

idIq

bal

MH

amza

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-50

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a87

427-

EB

Nisa

rIqb

alM

Shar

afat

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

29


Que

s.

IDD

ate

Dis

tric

tTe

hsil

UC

Vill

age

Ben

. Nam

eG

ende

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terv

iew

er










IAQ

-51

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

116

EB

Ghu

llam

Qad

irM

Gha

ffar

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

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Trai

ned

Not

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Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-52

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

116

EB

Muh

amm

ad A

liM

Shar

afat

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

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Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Min

or

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-53

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

116

EB

Muh

amm

ad Ir

shad

MSh

araf

atN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Min

or

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-54

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

116

EB

Haj

i War

isM

Shar

afat

Not

In

itiat

edN

ot T

rain

edN

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Trai

ned

Not

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Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-55

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

116

EB

Muh

amm

ad It

tefa

qM

Ham

zaN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

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Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-56

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a68

453-

EB

Zah

oorE

lahi

MH

amza

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-57

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a68

453-

EB

Muh

amm

ad

Youn

asM

Ham

zaTr

aine

dN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dSk

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Impr

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Not

Sha

red

Not

U

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-58

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a68

453-

EB

Usm

an A

hmed

MH

amza

Trai

ned

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

dU

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ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-59

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a68

453-

EB

Ash

faq

Ahm

edM

Shar

afat

Trai

ned

Not

Nee

ded

Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

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ot

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-60

3/27

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a68

453-

EB

Abd

ul S

atta

rM

Shar

afat

Trai

ned

Not

Nee

ded

Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

dU

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ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-61

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a84

373-

EB

Ghu

llam

Raso

olM

Soha

ilN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Inst

alle

dSa

tisfie

dM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-62

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a84

373-

EB

Muh

amm

ad S

adiq

MG

haff

arN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

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Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Inst

alle

dSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-63

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a84

373-

EB

Akh

laq

Ali

MG

haff

arN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

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ot

Inst

alle

dSa

tisfie

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ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-64

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a84

373-

EB

Muh

amm

ad S

ajja

dM

Gha

ffar

Not

In

itiat

edN

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rain

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Trai

ned

Not

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Not

In

stal

led

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-65

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a84

373-

EB

Muh

amm

ad A

kram

MG

haff

arN

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Inst

alle

dSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-66

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

112-

EB

Muh

amm

ad S

hoai

bM

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

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Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-67

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

112-

EB

Qaz

imH

ussa

in`

MH

amza

Trai

ned

Not

E

xper

imen

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Skill

s Im

prov

edN

ot S

hare

dU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

30


Que

s.

IDD

ate

Dis

tric

tTe

hsil

UC

Vill

age

Ben

. Nam

eG

ende

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terv

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er










IAQ

-68

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

112-

EB

Naj

ma

FH

amza

Trai

ned

Exp

erim

ente

dSk

ills

Impr

oved

Shar

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

2 Li

tres

IAQ

-69

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

112-

EB

Salm

aF

Ham

zaTr

aine

dN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dSk

ills

Impr

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Shar

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1.5

Litre

s

IAQ

-70

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a86

112-

EB

Hafi

z M

uham

mad

Fa

rman

MG

haff

arTr

aine

dN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

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ills

Impr

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Shar

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

IAQ

-71

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a74

303-

EB

Muh

amm

ad

Hus

sain

MH

amza

Trai

ned

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Skill

s Im

prov

edSh

ared

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

IAQ

-72

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a74

303-

EB

Muh

amm

ad A

nwar

MH

amza

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

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ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-73

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a74

303-

EB

Jave

riaF

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Min

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Min

or

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

IAQ

-74

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a74

303-

EB

Nav

eeda

Bibi

FH

amza

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Util

izin

gSa

tisfie

dM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

IAQ

-75

3/28

/201

1Ve

hari

Bure

wal

a74

303-

EB

Khu

rshi

dBib

iF

Ham

zaN

ot

Trai

ned

Not

Tra

ined

Not

Tr

aine

dN

ot T

rain

edU

tiliz

ing

Satis

fied

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

inor

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

31


List

ans

wer

ed q

uest

ions

of t

he s

urve

y (F

MC

Leve

l)

Que

s. ID

Dat

eD

istric

tTe

hsil

UC

Vill

age

FMC

Nam

eTo

tal

Mem

bers

hip

Mal

e (M

embe

rs)

Fem

ale

(Mem

bers

)D

ate

of

Form

atio

nIn

terv

iew

erQ

. 1: M

ilk

Col

lect

ion

Q. 2

: Sou

rce

of

Milk

Q. 3

: % o

f M

embe

rs

Brin

g M

ilk

Q. 4

: Milk

Re

ject

ed

Q. 5

: Pe

r KG

Sa

ving

Q. 6

: FM

C’s

Tota

l Sa

ving

s

FAQ

-128

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

7430

3EB

Nat

iona

l FM

C40

2515

1/7/

2010

Gha

ffar

≤ 4

00

Litre

sN

on-M

embe

rs80

% F

MC

M

embe

rsRe

ject

ed2

Rs≤

25,

000

Rs

FAQ

-228

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

8437

3EB

Al-R

ehm

an

FMC

3220

121/

10/2

010

Ham

za≤

100

Li

tres

Non

-Mem

bers

Hal

f FM

C

Mem

bers

Nev

er2

Rs≤

25,

000

Rs

FAQ

-328

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

8611

2EB

Wor

ld

Miss

ion

FMC

3014

161/

10/2

010

Gha

ffar

≤ 3

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

80%

FM

C

Mem

bers

Nev

er2

Rs≤

50,

000

Rs

FAQ

-425

-03-

2011

Veha

riVe

hari

1477

WB

Rosh

an

Paki

stan

FM

C42

3210

1/7/

2010

Gha

ffar

≤ 3

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

All

FMC

M

embe

rsN

ever

2 Rs

≤ 5

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-527

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

6845

3EB

Sard

ar

FMC

3020

101/

7/20

10Sh

araf

at≤

600

Li

tres

Land

Lor

ds/N

on-

Mem

eber

s80

% F

MC

M

embe

rsN

ever

2 Rs

≤ 5

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-627

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

8611

6EB

Joya

FM

C48

3414

1/6/

2010

Gha

ffar

≤ 4

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

All

FMC

M

embe

rsN

ever

2 Rs

≤ 5

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-727

-03-

2011

Veha

riBu

rew

ala

8742

7 E

BBa

ba F

arid

3120

1127

-10-

2010

Ham

za≤

400

Li

tres

Land

Lor

ds/N

on-

Mem

eber

sH

alf

FMC

M

embe

rsN

ever

2 Rs

≤ 4

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-826

-03-

2011

Veha

riVe

hari

21M

ohal

Kam

lana

3930

927

-09-

2010

Ham

za≤

400

Li

tres

Non

-Mem

bers

Hal

f FM

C

Mem

bers

Nev

er2

Rs≤

30,

000

Rs

FAQ

-926

-03-

2011

Veha

riVe

hari

26Ti

bbi

Cha

nan

Saw

era

4025

1527

-07-

2010

Shar

afat

≤ 2

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

Hal

f FM

C

Mem

bers

Reje

cted

2 Rs

≤ 3

1,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-10

27-0

3-20

11Ve

hari

Veha

ri26

62 K

BK

hush

bu64

3232

26-0

7-20

10H

amza

≤ 2

00

Litre

sN

on-M

embe

rsH

alf

FMC

M

embe

rsN

ever

2 Rs

≤ 4

8,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-11

26-0

3-20

11Ve

hari

Veha

ri22

Daa

d K

amer

aN

eeliB

ae40

2515

26-1

1-20

10H

amza

≤ 2

00

Litre

sN

on-M

embe

rsH

alf

FMC

M

embe

rsRe

ject

ed2

Rs≤

25,

000

Rs

FAQ

-12

26-0

3-20

11Ve

hari

Mal

si51

145

WB

Ali

438

517/

10/2

010

Gha

ffar

≤ 4

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

80%

FM

C

Mem

bers

Reje

cted

2 Rs

≤ 2

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-13

26-0

3-20

10Ve

hari

Veha

ri19

83 W

BA

l-Fal

ah35

287

17-0

9-20

10G

haff

ar≤

400

Li

tres

Land

Lor

ds/N

on-

Mem

eber

sA

ll FM

C

Mem

bers

Reje

cted

2 Rs

≤ 5

0,00

0 Rs

FAQ

-14

26-0

3-20

10Ve

hari

Veha

ri17

40 W

BA

rooj

3018

122/

5/20

10G

haff

ar≤

300

Li

tres

Land

Lor

ds/N

on-

Mem

eber

sH

alf

FMC

M

embe

rsRe

ject

ed2

Rs≤

35,

000

Rs

FAQ

-15

25-0

3-20

10Ve

hari

Veha

ri10

573

WB

Aria

n 30

2010

1/5/

2010

Shar

afat

≤ 5

00

Litre

sLa

nd L

ords

/Non

-M

emeb

ers

80%

FM

C

Mem

bers

Nev

er2

Rs≤

90,

000

Rs

32


Que

s. ID

Q. 7

: Fr

eque

ncy

of F

MC

M

eetin

gs

Q. 8

: FM

C

Reco

rd

Stat

us

Q. 9

: Li

nkag

esQ

. 10:

Sila

ge

Mak

ing

Q. 1

1:

Prov

ision

of

See

ds

Q. 1

2:

Utli

zatio

n of

See

ds

Q. 1

3:

Qua

lity

of

Seed

s

Q. 1

4: T

imel

y Pr

ovisi

on o

f Se

eds

Q. 1

5: F

eed

Mix

er B

eing

U

tiliz

ed b

y M

embe

rs

Q. 1

6:

VV

Ws

Trai

ned

Q. 1

7: D

ecre

ase

in D

iseas

es/

Mor

talit

y

Q. 1

8: U

sage

of

Ant

i-bi

otic

s

Q. 1

9:

Impr

ovem

ent i

n M

ilk Q

ualit

y

Q. 2

0:

Impr

ovem

ent i

n M

ilk Q

uant

ity

Q. 2

1:

Impr

ovem

ent

in P

er A

nim

al

Prod

uctiv

ity

FAQ

-1M

onth

lyIm

prop

erN

oN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dPr

ovid

edU

tiliz

edSa

tisfie

dN

o37

%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eRe

duce

d/U

sing

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-2D

aily

Prop

erN

oTr

aini

ng N

ot

Initi

ated

Prov

ided

Util

ized

Satis

fied

Prov

ided

Ti

mel

yN

ot In

stal

led

Trai

ned

Maj

or D

ecre

ase

Not

Usin

g M

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

FAQ

-3M

onth

lyPr

oper

No

Exp

erim

ente

dPr

ovid

edU

tiliz

edSa

tisfie

dN

o50

%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eRe

duce

d/U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

FAQ

-4Fo

rtni

ghtly

Prop

erYe

sN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dN

ot

Prov

ided

Not

Pr

ovid

edN

ot

Prov

ided

Seed

s Not

Pr

ovid

ed33

%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

FAQ

-5Fo

rtni

ghtly

Prop

erYe

sN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dPr

ovid

edU

tiliz

edSa

tisfie

dPr

ovid

ed

Tim

ely

30%

Trai

ned

Maj

or D

ecre

ase

Not

Usin

g M

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

FAQ

-6M

onth

lyIm

prop

erN

oTr

aini

ng N

ot

Initi

ated

Not

Pr

ovid

edN

ot

Prov

ided

Not

Pr

ovid

edSe

eds N

ot

Prov

ided

47%

Trai

ned

Maj

or D

ecre

ase

Not

Usin

g M

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

0.5

Litre

FAQ

-7Fo

rtni

ghtly

Prop

erN

oTr

aini

ng N

ot

Initi

ated

Prov

ided

Util

ized

Satis

fied

Prov

ided

Ti

mel

y90

%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-8M

onth

lyPr

oper

No

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Prov

ided

Util

ized

Satis

fied

Prov

ided

Ti

mel

y10

0%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-9W

eekl

yPr

oper

No

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Not

Pr

ovid

edN

ot

Prov

ided

Not

Pr

ovid

edSe

eds N

ot

Prov

ided

37%

Not

Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eRe

duce

d/U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-10

Fort

nigh

tlyPr

oper

No

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Not

Pr

ovid

edN

ot

Prov

ided

Not

Pr

ovid

edSe

eds N

ot

Prov

ided

100%

Trai

ned

Maj

or D

ecre

ase

Redu

ced/

Usin

gM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1.

5 Li

tres

FAQ

-11

Fort

nigh

tlyPr

oper

No

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Not

Pr

ovid

edN

ot

Prov

ided

Not

Pr

ovid

edSe

eds N

ot

Prov

ided

Rece

ntly

In

itiat

edTr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-12

Fort

nigh

tlyPr

oper

Yes

Not

E

xper

imen

ted

Prov

ided

Util

ized

Satis

fied

Prov

ided

Ti

mel

y30

%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1 Li

tre

FAQ

-13

Fort

nigh

tlyIm

prop

erYe

sN

ot

Exp

erim

ente

dPr

ovid

edU

tiliz

edSa

tisfie

dPr

ovid

ed

Tim

ely

Def

activ

eTr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eRe

duce

d/U

sing

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

tM

ediu

m

Impr

ovem

ent

1.5

Litre

s

FAQ

-14

Fort

nigh

tlyPr

oper

Yes

Exp

erim

ente

dPr

ovid

edN

ot

Util

ized

Ye

t

Not

U

tiliz

ed

Yet

Prov

ided

Ti

mel

y10

0%Tr

aine

dM

ajor

Dec

reas

eN

ot U

sing

Maj

or

Impr

ovem

ent

Med

ium

Im

prov

emen

t0.

5 Li

tre

FAQ

-15

Wee

kly

Prop

erYe

sE

xper

imen

ted

Prov

ided

Util

ized

Satis

fied

No

83%

Trai

ned

Maj

or D

ecre

ase

Redu

ced/

Usin

gM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

tM

ajor

Im

prov

emen

t1

Litre

33


Annex 3: FMC questionnaire

PMVCP-Impact Assessment Questionnaire (FMC Level)

Section A - Basic Information Date: District: Tehsil: UC: Village: FMC: Members(M/F): Formation(Date): Interviewer:

Section B - Institutional Assessment 1) What is the total average daily milk collection by FMC? a) ≤ 100 Litres b) ≤200 Litres c) ≤ 300 Litres d) ≤ 400 Litres e) ≤500 Litres d) ≤ 600 Litres

2) What are the sources of milk being collect by FMC? a) FMC Members b) FMC Non-Members/Farmers c) Land Lords d) Milk Men e) Others: 3) What percentage of FMC members do bring milk to FMC on daily basis? a) ≤ 20% b) ≤ 40% c) ≤ 60% d) ≤ 80% e) ≤ 100 % 4) Has ever the milk been rejected by milk collecting Company? a) Yes b) No If yes; then what were the reasons?

5) What is the per Liter savings by FMC on collected Milk? a) Rs. 1 b) Rs. 2 c) Rs. 3 d) Rs. 4 e) Others: 6) What is the total present savings of FMC (Specify in Rs)?: 7) What are the sources of income for FMC (other than FMC savings)? a) Value addition b) Grant Support from Plan/Project c) Selling Milk d) Others:_____________________

8) What is the frequency of FMC meetings? a) Daily b) Weekly c) Fortnightly d) Monthly e) Others:

Annexes

34


9) Is the FMC level records being maintained? a) Yes b) No

If yes; then specify:

10) How and what roles and responsibilities have been distributed in FMC (specify)?

11) Has FMC developed linkages? a) Yes b) No

If yes; then specify:

12) What do you know about the IEC materials provided in PMVC Project?

Section C - Feed and Fodder Component

13) How many percentage of FMC members were provided training on Silage making and Feed/Fodder practices (Male/Female)?

14) What percentage of FMC members have adopted Silage making/Feed and Fodder practices (M/F)?

15) How many percentage of members were provided Fodder seeds (Male/Female)?

16) How many percentage of members utilized Fodder seeds (Male/Female)?

17) Are FMC members satisfied with the quality of seeds provided? a) Yes b) No

If No; then explain:

18) Were the Fodder seeds provided timely? a) Yes b) No

19) Is the Feed Mixer Running/being utilized? a) Yes b) No

If yes; then how many Members and Non-Members are utilizing the feed mixer (Male/ Female)?

Annexes

35


Section D - Veterinary Component

20) Is Vaccination and De-worming initiated in the village? a) Yes b) No

If yes; then how many percentage of members are facilitated (Male/Female)?

21) How many Village Veterinary Workers (VVWs) have been trained in the village (M/F)?

22) How many animals VVWs Vaccinated in the village? 23) Are FMC/Villagers/Farmers satisfied with the services of VVWs? a) Yes b) No

If No; then explain why?

24) Is there any decrease in livestock diseases? a) Yes b) No

If Yes/No; then explain:

25) Is there any decrease in livestock Mortality? a) Yes b) No


26) Is any FMC member using antibiotics for Livestock? a) Yes b) No

If Yes/No; then explain (How many members/Why):

Section E - Other Details

27) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk quality? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement

28) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk productivity? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement

Annexes

36


28.1) If there is improvement in Milk productivity; then what is the average increase in milk productivity of per animal? a) 0.5 Liter b) 1 Litre c) 1.5 Litres d) 2 Litres e) Others:

What plan do FMC has for future sustainability?

Comments of FMC on PMVC Project:

Comments of Interviewer about FMC:

Annexes

37


PMVCP-Impact Assessment Questionnaire (Individual Level)

Section A - Basic Information

Date: District: Tehsil: UC: Village: Beneficiary (Name): Members(M/F): Gender: Interviewer: Section B - Assessment

1) Have you adopted Silage making and Feed/Fodder practices? a) Experimented b) Not Experimented c) Not Trained d) Not Needed e) Need Guidance If Yes/No; then explain:

2) Did the training on Silage/Feed and Fodder practices helped improve your skills and capacity? a) Improved b) No


3) Did you share the experience of training on Silage/Feed and Fodder practices with Villagers/Non-Member/Farmers etc. a) Shared b) Not Shared c) Not Trained If Yes; then explain:

4) Are you utilizing the service of Feed Mixer in the village? a) Utilizing b) Not Utilizing c) Not Satisfied d) Costly e) Not Installed If No; then explain why?

Annexes

38


5) Are you satisfied with Vaccination and De-worming services provided in the village? a) Yes b) No

If No; then explain why?

6) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk quality? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement

7) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk productivity? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement

7.1) If there is improvement in Milk productivity; then what is the average increase in milk productivity of per animal? a) 0.5 Liter b) 1 Litre c) 1.5 Litres d) 2.0 Litres e) 2.5 Litres Others: Section C - Other Details

Comments of Beneficiary:

Comments of Interviewer:

1. Value Chain Analysis, Livestock Sector (Dairy) in District Vehari Punjab. Plan International and Inter Cooperation.

Annexes

Documents

Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain · PDF fileMid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project ... wasted due to poor marketing ... in the district by Plan International. This report was