Microsoft® Official Course

Module 12

Monitoring, Managing, and Recovering AD DS

Module Overview

Monitoring AD DS

Managing the AD DS Database•AD DS Backup and Recovery Options for AD DS and Other Identity and Access Solutions

Lesson 1: Monitoring AD DS

Understanding Performance and Bottlenecks

Overview of Monitoring Tools

Performance Monitor

Data Collector Sets•Demonstration: How to Monitor Performance

Understanding Performance and Bottlenecks

•Key system resources:• CPU

• Disk

• Memory

• Network

•A bottleneck is a resource that is currently at peak utilization

Overview of Monitoring Tools

Windows Server 2012 provides the following tools to help with monitoring performance issues:• Task Manager• Resource Monitor• Event Viewer• Performance Monitor

Performance Monitor

You can use Performance Monitor to view current performance statistics or historical data gathered by using data collector sets

Data Collector Sets

•You can use data collector sets to gather performance-related information

•Data collector sets can contain the following types of data collectors:• Performance counters• Event trace data• System configuration information

Demonstration: How to Monitor Performance

In this demonstration, you will see how to:•Create a data collector set•Create a disk load on the server•Analyze the resulting data in a report

Lab A: Monitoring AD DS

•Exercise 1: Monitoring AD DS with Performance Monitor

Logon Information

Virtual machine: 10969A-LON-DC1User name: Adatum\AdministratorPassword: Pa$$w0rd

Estimated Time: 40 minutes

Lab Scenario

Last month, the only domain controller in the Cambridge branch office failed. You now are required to monitor AD DS to help identify problems before they become critical.

Lab Review

•When analyzing the performance of a domain controller, aside from the AD DS–specific counters in Performance Monitor, what other factors can influence domain controller performance?

Lesson 2: Managing the AD DS Database

Overview of the AD DS Database

Managing the Database with NtdsUtil.exe

Restartable AD DS

Demonstration: Performing Database Management•Managing AD DS Snapshots

Overview of the AD DS Database

The AD DS database holds all domain-based information in four or more partitions

AD DSDatabase

DomainController

Schema Partition

ApplicationPartitions (optional)

ConfigurationPartition

Domain Partition

Managing the Database with NtdsUtil.exe

•Manage and control single master operations •Perform AD DS database maintenance:• Perform offline defragmentation• Create and mount snapshots• Move database files

•Clean domain controller metadata:• Domain controller removal or demotion while not connected to domain

•Reset Directory Services Restore Mode: password• set dsrm

Restartable AD DS

•Use the Services console to start or stop AD DS

•Three states of AD DS:• AD DS Started• AD DS Stopped• Directory Services Restore Mode

• It is not possible to perform a system state restore while AD DS is in Stopped state

Demonstration: Performing Database Management

In this demonstration, you will see how to:•Stop AD DS•Perform an offline defragmentation of the AD DS database•Check the integrity of the AD DS database•Start AD DS

Managing AD DS Snapshots

•Create a snapshot of AD DS with NTDSUtil•Mount the snapshot with NTDSUtil•Expose the snapshot:

• Right-click the root node of Active Directory Users and Computers, then and choose Connect to Domain Controller

• Enter serverFQDN:port

•View read-only snapshot:• Cannot directly restore data from the snapshot

•Recover data:• Connect to the mounted snapshot, and then export/reimport objects’

attributes with LDIFDE• Restore a backup from the same date as the snapshot• Manually reenter data

Lesson 3: AD DS Backup and Recovery Options for AD DS and Other Identity and Access Solutions

Reanimating Deleted Objects

Configuring the Active Directory Recycle Bin

Demonstration: Implementing the Active Directory Recycle Bin

Backup Technologies

Backup and Recovery Tools

AD DS Backup and Recovery

Backup Options for AD CS

Backup Options for AD RMS•Backup Options for AD FS

Reanimating Deleted Objects

• Deleted objects are recovered through tombstone reanimation

• When an object is deleted, most of its attributes are cleared

• Authoritative restore requires AD DS downtime

Live

Tombstoned

Physically Deleted

Garbage Collection

Delete

ReanimateTombstone/

Authoritative Restore

Configuring the Active Directory Recycle Bin

•Active Directory Recycle Bin provides a way to restore deleted objects without AD DS downtime

•Uses Active Directory module for Windows PowerShell or the Active Directory Administrative Center to restore objects

Live Deleted

Garbage Collection

Delete

Undelete/Authoritativ

eRestore

Recycled

Recycle PhysicallyDeleted

Deleted Object

Lifetime

RecycledObject Lifetime

Demonstration: Implementing the Active Directory Recycle Bin

In this demonstration, you will see how to:•Enable the Active Directory Recycle Bin•Create and then delete test accounts•Restore deleted accounts

Backup Technologies

•The VSS backup technology solves data consistency issues by creating shadow copies

•You can use streaming backups for older applications that are not VSS-aware

Backup and Recovery Tools

•Windows Server Backup•Windows Azure Online Backup•Data Protection Manager

AD DS Backup and Recovery

• Nonauthoritative or normal restore:• Restore domain controller to previously known good state

• Domain controller updates by using standard replication from partners

• Authoritative restore: • Restore domain controller to previously known good state

• Mark objects that you want to be authoritative

• Domain controller updates from its up-to-date-partners

• Domain controller sends authoritative updates to its partners

• Full server restore: • Typically performed in Windows Recovery Environment

• Alternate location restore

Backup Options for AD CS

Windows Server

Backup

CA

Certutil.exe Tool

DPM

C:/

Backup Options for AD RMS

•Back up private keys and certificates

•Ensure that the AD RMS database is backed up regularly

•Export templates to back them up

•Run AD RMS server as a virtual machine, and perform full server backup

Backup Options for AD FS

• %systemdrive%\ADFS• System state

• Servers running AD FS components must be backed up based on the information in the following table:Components Files to back up

Federation Service •TrustPolicy.xml file• Web.config and other files under %SystemRoot%\ADFS• System state• Custom transform module (.dll) and related files• Applicationhost.config

Web Application Proxy • Web.config and other files under %SystemRoot%\ADFS• System state • Applicationhost.config

AD FS Web Agent • %SystemRoot%\ADFS• System state

Lab B: Recovering Objects in AD DS

Exercise 1: Backing up and Restoring AD DS•Exercise 2: Recovering Objects in AD DS

Logon Information

Virtual machines: 10969A-LON-DC110969A-LON-DC2

User name: Adatum\AdministratorPassword: Pa$$w0rd

Estimated Time: 60 minutes

Lab Scenario

You were notified yesterday that one user account was deleted by accident. A few days ago, additional user accounts were deleted accidentally. You want to recover these accounts.

It is your responsibility to ensure that the directory service is backed up. Today, you noticed that last night's backup did not run as scheduled. You therefore decided to perform an interactive backup. Shortly after the backup, a domain administrator accidentally deletes the IT OU. You must recover this OU.

Lab Review

When you restore a deleted user, or an OU with user objects, by using authoritative restore, will the objects be exactly the same as before? Which attributes might not be the same?• In the lab, would it be possible to restore these deleted objects if they were deleted before Active Directory Recycle Bin has been enabled?

Module Review and Takeaways

•Review Question