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Microcontroller based Brilliant Head protector utilizing
GSM &GPRS
Thiagarajan Y¹, Manivannan R¹, Gabriel Gomes de Oliveira², Yuzo Iano², Kuraldasan T² and
,Lokaraj A²
¹Sri Venkateshwaraa college of engineering and Technology, Puducherry, India
²State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Abstract-The possibility of building up this proposed model originates from social duty towards the general public. The absence of quick Medical aid and Crisis therapeutic administrations amid mishap is the prime reason for death in a more significant part of instances of mishaps. One of the principle explanations behind this might be the late landing of an emergency vehicle, no individual at the spot of mishap to give data to the emergency vehicle. This idea of taking the obligation of society brought about our proposed model "Microcontroller based brilliant head protector utilizing GSM and GPRS." The point of this proposed model structure is to educate the dependable people at the most punctual about the mishap with the goal that they can take normal activities to spare the life of the harmed individual. Our proposed framework comprises of Arduino as Microcontroller, GSM for calling reason, GPRS for the following reason and principally Sensors to identify the mishap. Our proposed framework distinguishes the mishap and sends an instant message alongside a voice message inside a moment to the enrolled number.
Keywords - Arduino, Smart helmet, GSM, GPRS, Microcontroller
1. INTRODUCTION
India has the highest number of street mishap passing in the world, according to a WHO
report. As per an overview of India, around 698 accidents were happening because of
bicycle crashes every year [2]. The purposes behind the mishaps might be some such as
speeding, smashed driving, rash driving, structure absconds, rash driving, and so forth [3].
Sometimes, the individual harmed in Mishap may not be straightforwardly in charge of the
mishap, it might be the blame of some other rider, however toward the day's end it's both
the drivers associated with the mishaps which are going to endure. On the off chance that
mishap is one reason, at that point, another purpose behind passings is the absence of quick
Emergency treatment and Crisis Therapeutic Administrations [4]. As indicated by a similar
review about a large portion of the harmed individuals bite the dust because of the absence
of treatment in legitimate time, the late landing of the emergency vehicle, no individual at
the spot of mishap to give data to the emergency vehicle [5]. This is what the running
circumstance in our everyday life, an idea of discovering a few answers for this issue think
of this thought of giving the data about mishap as quickly as time permits and in TIME....!!!!
Since after untouched issues a great deal, if everything is done in time, at any rate, we can
spare a large portion of the lives that are lost because of bicycle mishaps. Along these lines,
this idea of assuming liability of society came to our framework "Microcontroller based
shrewd head protector utilizing GSM and GPRS." In India, more significant part of
individuals leans toward bikes as contrasted with other types of the vehicle because of
straightforwardness and low cost. There is extensive dismalness and mortality because of
two-wheeler street auto collisions. Riders are at the danger of enduring an awful cerebrum
damage if they are in a mishap. Henceforth Protective caps are of significant significance
to stay away from passings due to extreme head wounds. So to maintain a strategic distance
from mishaps and energize individuals to wear cap, proposed plan is to be presented that
incorporates,
1. Microcontroller (Arduino) 2. GSM
3. GPRS 4. Sensors
So here proposed system require Arduino (ATmega328)microcontroller, different
sensors used to detect an accident, interfacing of GSM technology (Arduino GSM Shield)
to give information by sending message and also include GPRS location in the message
which is sending to registered number will have perfect location about where and when the
accident occurred.
As Figure 1 gives the clear thought of what the framework point is, what the framework
need to do is, what is the essential objective of the framework.
As Figure 2 appears, The square chart of the framework which comprises;
1. The rider wearies IR (Infrared) sensor used to distinguish a protective cap or not.
2. Vibration sensor used to distinguish vibrations of the protective cap at the point when
mishap happen.
3. Tilt sensor used to gauge flat tilting position of head protector.
4. NC (Ordinarily Associated) sensor used to guarantee that the head protector was
associated with a bicycle or not.
5. GPRS to recognize the area of the mishap [10].
6. An instant message is sent through GSM organize.
7. What's more, the main part; Modules and different parts of the framework are midway
controlled utilizing a smaller scale controller Arduino (Atmega328).
The IR sensor is present in the head protector and guarantees that the rider is wearing a
cap or not? If indeed, at that point no issue; yet assuming no at that point is to send a flag
to Arduino and Arduino send a message containing data about the mishap and area of
mishap.
B. Vibration Sensor
The vibration sensors set in better places of the protective cap where the likelihood of
hitting is more. The vibration sensor is set in the head protector with the end goal that it
identifies vibrations of the protective cap. At the point when the rider crashes, the head
protector hits the ground, and the vibration sensor recognizes the vibrations that are made
when the head protector hits the ground and afterward the Arduino send a message
containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.
C. Tilt Sensor
The Tilt sensor set in the head protector and estimating even tilting position of the
protective cap. If the sensor gets progression, at that point, it sends a flag to Arduino and
communicate something specific containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.
D. NC (Normally Connected) Sensor
The NC sensor used to
guarantee that the head protector is associated with a bicycle or not. NC sensor put on a
bicycle along these lines, one end of it is associated with protective cap utilizing wire and
the second one with Arduino board. The opposite side of the two finishes of NC sensors are
associated together, if both ends are disengaged, at that point, it will send a flag to Arduino
and Arduino will send an SMS containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.
The Arduino GSM shield as appeared in figure 10. The Arduino GSM Shield chips away
at a 5V Working voltage which provided from the Arduino Board and the Association with
Arduino Uno on pins 2, 3 (Programming Sequential) and 7 (reset).
The most common version of Arduino is Arduino UNO. The Arduino Uno is a
microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. Interfacing with sensors, compact is easy.
It has 14 digital input/output pins. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller. We just have to directly connect it to a computer with a USB cable or
power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
As we can see the flowchart of proposed system design in figure12, it shows that the
system starts with two-wheeler's lock "ON."As the lock is in ON condition, it will read the
status of all the four sensors (IR, Vibration, Tilt and NC sensor). In IR Sensor if it will detect
>10mV at IR receiver then it will know that rider has not worn Helmet (Yes signal), In
Vibration if it read the impact >5 threshold value it will know that helmet is deflected (Yes
signal); In Tilt if it detects continuity then it will know that helmet is horizontally tilted (Yes
signal); and In NC if path breaks then it will know that helmet is far away from the bike
(Yes signal).
In these scenario if adder detect two or more than two sensor’s yes signal; then it will
give active signal to Arduino Atmega328 controller which will perform the assigned work
that it has to track the GPRS location data of vehicle immediately; Send text message and
voice message to registered number (Ambulance, Police Station, Family members).
Until adder detect two or more than two sensor’s yes signal; it will merely read the all
sensors output. And also until the text message and voice message sent, it will continuously
track helmet’s GPRS location data which enhances system accuracy.
IV. OUTCOMES
Figure : 14 Hardware setup
Figure : 14 Hardware setup
Figure : 13, 14, and 15 shows the hardware implementations for the proposed design.
Figure: 16 and 17 shows the text and voice message outcome of the proposed system
V. CONCLUSION
This proposed system includes these features – High accuracy, Cost efficient, giving
information about accident within a minute, Facilities to call ambulance automatically at
the time of the accident with greater efficiency. This proposed system is useful for the
accident occurring in the rural area where no facilities to help like police, crowd, and
ambulance."Without proper action at a proper time, danger awaits us with a bigger face."
We must act on time when a person is injured. We need to understand how precious the
lives of people are and what importance first-aid carries in saving these precious lives.
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