[Microbiology Monographs] Plant Growth and Health Promoting Bacteria Volume 18 || || Front_matter

Microbiology MonographsVolume 18

Series Editor: Alexander SteinbuchelMunster, Germany

Microbiology Monographs

Volumes published in the series

Inclusions in ProkaryotesVolume Editor: Jessup M. ShivelyVol. 1, 2006

Complex Intracellular Structuresin ProkaryotesVolume Editor: Jessup M. ShivelyVol. 2, 2006

Magnetoreception and Magnetosomesin BacteriaVolume Editor: Dirk SchulerVol. 3, 2007

Predatory Prokaryotes – Biology, Ecologyand EvolutionVolume Editor: Edouard JurkevitchVol. 4, 2007

Amino Acid Biosynthesis – Pathways,Regulation and Metabolic EngineeringVolume Editor: Volker F. WendischVol. 5, 2007

Molecular Microbiology of Heavy MetalsVolume Editors: Dietrich H. Niesand Simon SilverVol. 6, 2007

Microbial Linear PlasmidsVolume Editors: Friedhelm Meinhardtand Roland KlassenVol. 7, 2007

Prokaryotic Symbionts in PlantsVolume Editor: Katharina PawlowskiVol. 8, 2009

Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes:Mitochondria of Anaerobic EukaryotesVolume Editor: Jan TachezyVol. 9, 2008

Uncultivated MicroorganismsVolume Editor: Slava S. EpsteinVol. 10, 2009

Microbial MegaplasmidsVolume Editor: Edward SchwartzVol. 11, 2009

Endosymbionts in ParameciumVolume Editor: Masahiro FujishimaVol. 12, 2009

Alginates: Biology and ApplicationsVolume Editor: Bernd H. A. RehmVol. 13, 2009

Plastics from Bacteria: Natural Functionsand ApplicationsVolume Editor: Guo-Qiang ChenVol. 14, 2010

Amino-Acid Homopolymers Occurringin NatureVolume Editor: Yoshimitsu HamanoVol. 15, 2010

Biology of RhodococcusVolume Editor: Hector AlvarezVol. 16, 2010

Structures and Organelles in PathogenicProtistsVolume Editor: W. de SouzaVol. 17, 2010

Plant Growth and Health PromotingBacteriaVolume Editor: Dinesh K. MaheshwariVol. 18, 2010

(Endo)symbiotic Methanogenic ArchaeaVolume Editor: Johannes H.P. HacksteinVol. 19, 2010

Dinesh K. MaheshwariEditor

Plant Growth andHealth PromotingBacteria

EditorProf. Dr. Dinesh K. MaheshwariDepartment of Botany and MicrobiologyGurukul Kangri UniversityHaridwar 249404 (Uttarakhand)[email protected]

Series EditorProfessor Dr. Alexander SteinbuchelInstitut fur Molekulare Mikrobiologie und BiotechnologyWestfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatCorrensstr. 348149 [email protected]

ISSN 1862-5576 e-ISSN 1862-5584ISBN 978-3-642-13611-5 e-ISBN 978-3-642-13612-2DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-13612-2Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York

Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935951

# Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material isconcerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publicationor parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9,1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violationsare liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply,even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protectivelaws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

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Preface

Plants provide an excellent ecosystem for microorganisms that interact with plant

cells and tissues with differing degrees of dependence. Investigation on the rela-

tionship between roots and microbiota are essential to achieve innovations in

agriculture and biotechnology. Similar to other industries, one such system is

adoption of biological agents in the form of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

(PGPB). These groups of bacteria are as effective as pure chemical on plant growth

enhancement and disease control besides managing abiotic and other stresses in

plants. Such organisms are now alternative paradigms for commercialization.

Seeing the importance of these bacteria in the protection of plant health, new

biotechnological approaches are employed regulating to develop newer and much

better microbial agents for management of the phytopathogens.

This volume of the Microbiology Monograph series has 18 chapters that cover

various facets of current scientific knowledge on PGPB that colonize the root and

rhizosphere. Bacillus- and Paenibacillus-based bioinoculant formulations have met

with great success in improving plant growth. A large number of PGPB genera on

one hand and rhizobia and few endophytes on the other promise benefit to crop

ecosystem for sustainable agriculture. A due account is provided with respect to

basic concept on plant–bacteria interaction, mineral–nutrient exchange, biofilm

formation, and bacteria inhabiting in harsh and cold tropical environment and

their role in ethylene regulation via ACC deaminase, as well as the mechanisms

of action of PGPB-mediated antifungals. In relation to plant health, the exploitation

of such beneficial bacteria may improve agriculture system with economically

sound production of human food and animal feed.

This book will be useful not only for students, teachers, and researchers but also

for those interested in agriculture microbiology, plant pathology, ecology, environ-

mental science, and agronomy.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to all the contributors for their much

needed cooperation, authoritative and up to date information organized in a befit-

ting manner. I acknowledge with thanks the assistance rendered by my research

students Abhinav, Rajat, Pankaj, and Dr. Sandeep. I am also thankful to Council of

v

Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, and Director, Uttarakhand

Council of Science and Technology (UCOST), Dehradun, India, for their support in

execution of my research projects on PGPB that served as a prelude to lay

foundation for compilation of the volume like this. I owe my special thanks to

Prof. Alexander Steinbuchel, series editor, ‘Microbiology Monographs,’ University

of Munster, Germany, for his professional advice from time to time in multifarious

manner. I extend my sincere thanks to Drs. Christina Eckey and Jutta Lindenborn

from the publisher Springer for their valuable support to facilitate completion of

this volume.

Haridwar, India Dinesh K. Maheshwari

vi Preface

Contents

Benefits of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Rhizobia

in Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Marta S. Dardanelli, S.M. Carletti, N.S. Paulucci, D.B. Medeot,

E.A. Rodriguez Caceres, F.A. Vita, M. Bueno, M.V. Fumero,

and M.B. Garcia

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: Fundamentals

and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Marcia do Vale Barreto Figueiredo, Lucy Seldin, Fabio Fernando de Araujo,

and Rosa de Lima Ramos Mariano

Potential of PGPR in Agricultural Innovations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Haluk Caglar Kaymak

Importance of Biofilm Formation in Plant Growth Promoting

Rhizobacterial Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Gamini Seneviratne, M.L.M.A.W. Weerasekara, K.A.C.N. Seneviratne,

J.S. Zavahir, M.L. Kecskes, and I.R. Kennedy

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: Constraints

in Bioformulation, Commercialization, and Future Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Naveen K. Arora, Ekta Khare, and Dinesh K. Maheshwari

Antifungal Compounds of Plant Growth Promoting

Rhizobacteria and Its Action Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

C.S. Quan, X. Wang, and S.D. Fan

Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Biocontrol

of Plant Diseases and Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Mohd. Sayeed Akhtar and Zaki A. Siddiqui

vii

Potential of Bacilli for Biocontrol and Its Exploitation

in Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Olga Susana Correa and Marcelo Abel Soria

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol

Agents Against Soil-Borne Plant Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Nico Labuschagne, T. Pretorius, and A.H. Idris

Sustainable Approaches for Biological Control of Fusarium

Wilt in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Piyush Pandey, Abhinav Aeron, and D.K. Maheshwari

Plant Growth Promoter Rhizobacteria in Plants Inhabiting

Harsh Tropical Environments and Its Role

in Agricultural Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Suikinai Nobre Santos, Vanessa Nessner Kavamura, Joao Luiz da Silva,

Itamar Soares de Melo, and Fernando Dini Andreote

Cold-Tolerant Agriculturally Important Microorganisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Pankaj Kumar Mishra, Piyush Joshi, Shekhar Chandra Bisht,

Jaideep Kumar Bisht, and Govindan Selvakumar

The Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria

in Sustainable and Low-Input Graminaceous Crop Production . . . . . . . . . 297

Stephen P. Cummings and Caroline Orr

Rice Endophytic Diazotrophic Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Janpen Prakamhang, Nantakorn Boonkerd, and Neung Teaumroong

Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp.: Potential PGPR

for Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Venkadasamy Govindasamy, Murugesan Senthilkumar, Vellaichamy

Magheshwaran, Upendra Kumar, Pranita Bose, Vikas Sharma,

and Kannepalli Annapurna

The Role of ACC Deaminase Producing PGPR

in Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

Meenu Saraf, Chaitanya Kumar Jha, and Dhara Patel

The Role of the C:N:P Stoichiometry in the Carbon Balance

Dynamics of the Legume–AMF–Rhizobium Tripartite

Symbiotic Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

Vincent M. Gray

viii Contents

Regulation of Nitrogen Assimilation in Foliar Fed Legume Plants

at Insufficient Molybdenum Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417

Marieta Hristozkova, Maria Geneva, and Ira Stancheva

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Contents ix

.

Contributors

Abhinav Aeron Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri Uni-

versity, Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India, [email protected]

Mohd. Sayeed Akhtar Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University,

Aligarh 202002, India

Kannepalli Annapurna Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research

Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India, [email protected]

Fabio Fernando de Araujo National Research and Technological Development,

Brazil University of West Paulista, UNOESTE, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Naveen K. Arora Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences and

Biotechnology, CSJMUniversity, Kanpur 208024, Utter Pradesh, India, nkarora_net@

rediffmail.com

Jaideep Kumar Bisht Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, (I.C.A.R.),

Almora 263601, Uttarakhand, India, [email protected]

Nantakorn Boonkerd School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Tech-

nology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand

Pranita Bose Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute,

New Delhi 110 012, India

M. Bueno Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas,

Fısico-Quımicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Rıo Cuarto, Ruta Nacional

N� 36, Km. 601, CP X5804BYA Rıo Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina

xi

S.M. Carletti Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan,

Rutas 5 y 7, CP 6700, Lujan Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Shekhar Chandra Bisht Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, (I.C.A.R.),


Olga Susana Correa Microbiologıa Agrıcola y Ambiental, Facultad de Agrono-

mıa, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martın 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires,

Argentina, [email protected]

Stephen P. Cummings School of Applied Sciences, University of Northumbria,

Ellison Building, NE1 8ST, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, stephen.cummings@

northumbria.ac.uk

Marta S. Dardanelli Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias

Exactas, Fısico-Quımicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Rıo Cuarto, Ruta

Nacional N� 36, Km. 601, CP X5804BYA Rıo Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina,

[email protected]

Fernando Dini Andreote Department of Soil Science, Surerior School of Agri-

culture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil,

[email protected]

S.D. Fan College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600,

China

M.V. Fumero Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias


Nacional N� 36, Km. 601, CP X5804BYA Rıo Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina

M.B. Garcia Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas,



Maria Geneva Acad. M. Popov, Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian

Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., block 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria

Venkadasamy Govindasamy Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural

Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

Vincent M. Gray School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwa-

tersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, [email protected]

xii Contributors

Marieta Hristozkova Acad. M. Popov, Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian

Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., block 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria

A.H. Idris ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, Private bag X134,

Queenswood 0121, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa, [email protected]

Chaitanya Kumar Jha Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, Gujarat

University, Ahmedabad 380 009, Gujarat, India

Piyush Joshi Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, (I.C.A.R.), Almora

263601, Uttarakhand, India, [email protected]

Vanessa Nessner Kavamura Superior School of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”,

University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental

Microbiology, Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340 – km 127.5, P.O.

Box 13820-000, Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil

Haluk Caglar Kaymak Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture,

Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey, [email protected]

M.L. Kecskes SUNFix Centre for Nitrogen Fixation, Faculty of Agriculture,

Food and Natural Resources, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,

[email protected]

I.R. Kennedy SUNFix Centre for Nitrogen Fixation, Faculty of Agriculture,

Food and Natural Resources, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,

[email protected]

Ekta Khare Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences and Biotech-

nology, CSJM University, Kanpur 208024, Utter Pradesh, India

Upendra Kumar Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Insti-

tute, New Delhi 110 012, India

Nico Labuschagne Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University

of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Rosa de Lima Ramos Mariano National Research and Technological Develop-

ment, Brazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

Vellaichamy Magheshwaran Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural


Contributors xiii

Dinesh K. Maheshwari Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri

University, Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India, [email protected]

D.B. Medeot Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas,



Itamar Soares de Melo Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Embrapa

Environment, Rodovia SP 340 – km 127.5, P.O. Box 13820-000, Jaguariuna, SP,

Brazil, [email protected]

Pankaj Kumar Mishra Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, (I.C.A.R.),


Suikinai Nobre Santos Superior School of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”,

University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental

Microbiology, Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340 – km 127.5, P.O.

Box 13820-000, Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil, [email protected]

Caroline Orr School of Applied Sciences, University of Northumbria, Ellison

Building, NE1 8ST, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

Piyush Pandey Department of Biotechnology, Division of Life Sciences, S.B.S.P.G.

Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun 248161,

Uttarakhand, India, [email protected]

Dhara Patel Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University,

Ahmedabad 380 009, Gujarat, India

N.S. Paulucci Departamento de Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias


Nacional N� 36, Km. 601, CP X5804BYA Rıo Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina

Janpen Prakamhang School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technol-

ogy, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand

T. Pretorius Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of

Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

C.S. Quan College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian

116600, China, [email protected]

E.A. Rodriguez Caceres Biotecnologıa Plantec, Avenida Cabred 1350, Open

Door, CP 6708 Lujan Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

xiv Contributors

Meenu Saraf Department ofMicrobiology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University,

Ahmedabad 380 009, Gujarat, India, [email protected]

Lucy Seldin National Research and Technological Development, Brazil Federal

University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Govindan Selvakumar Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore

560089, Karnataka, India, [email protected]

Gamini Seneviratne Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy Sri

Lanka, [email protected]

K.A.C.N. Seneviratne Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

Murugesan Senthilkumar Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural


Vikas Sharma Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute,

New Delhi 110 012, India

Zaki A. Siddiqui Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

202002, India, [email protected]

Joao Luiz da Silva Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Embrapa Envi-

ronment, Rodovia SP 340 – km 127.5, P.O. Box 13820-000, Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil,

[email protected]

Marcelo Abel Soria Microbiologıa Agrıcola y Ambiental, Facultad de Agrono-

mıa, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martın 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires,

Argentina

Ira Stancheva Acad. M. Popov, Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian Academy

of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., block 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria, ira_stancheva@

abv.bg

Neung Teaumroong School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technol-

ogy, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand,

[email protected]

Marcia do Vale Barreto Figueiredo National Research and Technological De-

velopment, Brazil Agronomical Institute of Pernambuco, IPA/CARHP, 1371, Gen.

San Martin Avenue, Recife, PE 50761-000, Brazil, [email protected]

Contributors xv

F.A. Vita Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan,

Rutas 5 y 7, CP 6700 Lujan Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

X. Wang Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science,

Dalian 116023, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing

100049, China

M.L.M.A.W. Weerasekara Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Faculty of Agricul-

ture, Saga University, Saga, Japan, [email protected]

J.S. Zavahir Geocycle (SBF), Dandenong South VIC 3174, Australia, bungali@

rediffmail.com

xvi Contributors

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[Microbiology Monographs] Plant Growth and Health Promoting Bacteria Volume 18 || || Front_matter