Lang Level Rec Track Time EnglishSpa 1 1 1 0:01 Introduction. How to use this course.

Spa 1 1 1 4:40

Spa 1 1 2 0:01Spa 1 1 2 3:47 possibleSpa 1 1 2 3:52 probableSpa 1 1 2 3:57 it isSpa 1 1 2 4:03 It is possible.Spa 1 1 2 4:25 It is probable.Spa 1 1 2 4:40 It is terrible.Spa 1 1 2 4:53 It is acceptable.Spa 1 1 2 5:22 for meSpa 1 1 2 5:47 for youSpa 1 1 2 5:56 It is for me.Spa 1 1 2 6:02 Use 'no' to make negative sentences.Spa 1 1 2 6:05 It is not.Spa 1 1 2 6:09 It is not for you.Spa 1 1 2 6:47 It is not for you, it is for me.Spa 1 1 2 7:01 It is not possible for me.Spa 1 1 2 7:17 It is possible for you.Spa 1 1 2 7:31 It is acceptable for me.Spa 1 1 3 0:01 You can ask a question using inflection.Spa 1 1 3 0:08 It is acceptable for you.Spa 1 1 3 0:24 Is it acceptable for you?Spa 1 1 3 1:05 Isn't it acceptable for you?Spa 1 1 3 1:18 whySpa 1 1 3 1:32 Why isn't it acceptable for you?Spa 1 1 3 1:51 Inflection is not necessary if you use a question word like 'why' (¿por qué?).Spa 1 1 3 2:16 like that / that waySpa 1 1 3 2:38 It is like that.Spa 1 1 3 2:47 It is not like that.Spa 1 1 3 2:54 It is not possible that way.Spa 1 1 3 3:05 It is not acceptable for me that way.Spa 1 1 3 3:30 Why isn't it acceptable for you that way?

Spa 1 1 3 4:23Spa 1 1 3 5:01 I'm sorry (I feel it)Spa 1 1 3 5:25 I'm sorry but...Spa 1 1 3 5:36 I'm sorry but it is not acceptable for me that way.Spa 1 1 3 5:56 I'm sorry but it is not possible that way.

Spa 1 1 4 0:01 Key endings: English -ent and -ant endings become -ente and -ante in Spanish.Spa 1 1 4 0:19 differentSpa 1 1 4 0:33 importantSpa 1 1 4 0:50 It is important for me.Spa 1 1 4 1:00 It is not different that way.Spa 1 1 4 1:30 It is very good.Spa 1 1 4 1:48 It is not very good.Spa 1 1 4 1:54 It is not very different that way.Spa 1 1 4 2:22 But it is very important for me.

This course teaches standard Spanish. There's a slight difference in pronunciation between Castilian Spanish, spoken in parts of Spain, and the Spanish spoken everywhere else in that 'c' before 'e' or 'i' and 'z' are pronounced like 'th' in English. Everywhere else they will be pronounced 's'.

Similarity between Spanish and English. Active vocabulary is small: 500-1500 words. Key endings: words ending in -ible and -able are pronounced differently but often have the same meaning.

-o verb ending expresses 'I', so there's no need to use the Spanish for 'I' (yo). If you do use 'yo', then it makes it more emphatic: 'I am sorry'.

Spa 1 1 4 2:37Spa 1 1 4 3:30 restaurantSpa 1 1 5 0:01 I haveSpa 1 1 5 0:20 Remember: -o verb ending expresses 'I'Spa 1 1 5 0:37 I don't haveSpa 1 1 5 1:06 I have it.Spa 1 1 5 1:20 I don't have it.Spa 1 1 5 1:42 I wantSpa 1 1 5 2:22 I want it.Spa 1 1 5 2:34 I don't want it that way.Spa 1 1 5 2:46 I needSpa 1 1 5 3:27 I need it.Spa 1 1 5 3:34 I don't need it.Spa 1 1 5 3:48 nowSpa 1 1 5 3:57 'h' is not pronounced in Spanish.Spa 1 1 5 4:45 I want it but I don't need it now.Spa 1 1 6 0:01 constantSpa 1 1 6 0:33 evidentSpa 1 1 6 0:43 urgentSpa 1 1 6 0:54 'g' before 'e' and 'i' is pronounced like 'ch', as in Scottish 'loch'.Spa 1 1 6 1:20 It is very urgent.Spa 1 1 6 1:31 I need it now, it is very urgent.Spa 1 1 6 2:19 you haveSpa 1 1 6 2:49 What?Spa 1 1 6 2:59 What do you have?Spa 1 1 6 3:29 What do you have for me now?Spa 1 1 6 4:47 You have it.Spa 1 1 6 4:55 Do you have it?Spa 1 1 6 5:03 You don't have it.Spa 1 1 6 5:11 Don't you have it?Spa 1 1 6 5:24 Don't you have it for me now?Spa 1 1 6 5:36 Why don't you have it for me now, because I need it now?Spa 1 1 6 5:50 becauseSpa 1 1 7 0:02 I wantSpa 1 1 7 0:28 I don't want it.Spa 1 1 7 0:51 you wantSpa 1 1 7 1:15 What do you want?Spa 1 1 7 1:55 You want it.Spa 1 1 7 2:24 Do you want it?Spa 1 1 7 2:37 Why don't you want it that way?Spa 1 1 7 3:00 to knowSpa 1 1 7 3:14 I want to know.Spa 1 1 7 3:26 I don't want to know.Spa 1 1 7 3:36 I want to know why you don't have it for me now.Spa 1 1 8 0:01 I canSpa 1 1 8 0:31 you canSpa 1 1 8 0:42 to do / to makeSpa 1 1 8 0:55 to do like that

Spa 1 1 8 1:16Spa 1 1 8 2:02 What do you want to do now?

Spa 1 1 8 2:33 When a word ends in a consonant, the stress will be placed on the last syllable.Spa 1 1 8 2:54 to eat

There is only one stressed syllable per word in Spanish. When a word ends in a vowel, the stress will usually be on the penultimate syllable, so 'importante'.

'c' before 'e' and 'i' (for example, hacer) is pronounced 'th' in Castilian Spanish, but in Latin America and some parts of Spain it is pronounced 's'.

Spa 1 1 8 3:10 somethingSpa 1 1 8 3:15 I want something.Spa 1 1 8 3:26 I have something for you.Spa 1 1 8 4:06 I want to eat.Spa 1 1 8 4:19 I want to eat something now.Spa 1 1 8 4:46 I am hungry.Spa 1 1 8 5:32 I want to eat something now because I'm hungry.Spa 1 1 8 6:23 What do you want to eat?Spa 1 1 8 6:54 You are hungry.Spa 1 1 8 7:02 Are you hungry?Spa 1 1 8 7:09 Are you hungry? Do you want to eat something now?Spa 1 1 8 7:34 Why don't you want to eat?Spa 1 1 9 0:01 Key ending: English words ending in -ary end in -ario in Spanish.Spa 1 1 9 0:19 necessarySpa 1 1 9 0:25 It is not necessary for me now because I don't need it.Spa 1 1 9 1:58 I'm sorry but I don't have it and I don't want it because I don't need it now.Spa 1 1 9 2:17 andSpa 1 1 9 2:44 contrarySpa 1 1 9 2:52 on the contrarySpa 1 1 9 2:57 vocabularySpa 1 1 10 0:01 to seeSpa 1 1 10 0:12 Pronunciation of Spanish 'v' is the same as 'b'.Spa 1 1 10 1:21 to see itSpa 1 1 10 1:43 I want to see it.Spa 1 1 10 1:48 I don't want to see it.Spa 1 1 10 2:10 Do you want to see it?Spa 1 1 10 2:22 Why don't you want to see it?Spa 1 1 10 2:56 I canSpa 1 1 10 3:14 you canSpa 1 1 10 3:21 I cannot see it.

Spa 1 1 10 3:30Spa 1 1 10 4:01 Can you see it?Spa 1 1 10 4:38 You can see it.Spa 1 1 10 5:01 What can you see?Spa 1 1 10 5:14 Why can't you see it?Spa 1 1 10 5:50 to do / to makeSpa 1 1 10 6:19 to do itSpa 1 1 10 6:46 I don't want to do it that way.Spa 1 1 10 6:59 Because I cannot do it.Spa 1 1 10 7:14 Why can't you do it?Spa 1 1 10 7:43 I want to know why you can't do it that way.

Spa 1 1 11 0:01Spa 1 1 11 0:29 differenceSpa 1 1 11 0:36 importanceSpa 1 1 11 0:43 influenceSpa 1 1 11 0:48 preferenceSpa 1 1 11 0:59 the differenceSpa 1 1 11 1:11 a differenceSpa 1 1 11 1:19 What difference?Spa 1 1 11 1:29 the preferenceSpa 1 1 11 2:01 a preferenceSpa 1 1 11 2:09 What preference?Spa 1 1 11 2:20 Do you have a preference?Spa 1 1 11 2:36 What preference do you have?

If there are two or more consecutive verbs in a sentence, the second and subsequent verbs will be in the full form (the 'to' form in English, i.e. the infinitive).

Key endings: words in English ending in -ence and -ance end in -encia and -ancia in Spanish.

Spa 1 1 11 2:51 For what restaurant do you have a preference?Spa 1 1 11 3:20 tonightSpa 1 1 11 3:39 It is for tonight.Spa 1 1 11 3:53 For what restaurant do you have a preference tonight?Spa 1 1 12 0:01 Where?Spa 1 1 12 0:09 Where do you want to eat?Spa 1 1 12 0:28 the dinnerSpa 1 1 12 0:53 to dineSpa 1 1 12 1:30 Where do you want to have dinner (to dine) tonight?Spa 1 1 12 2:05 Key ending: words ending in -tion in English end in -ción in Spanish.Spa 1 1 12 2:42 conditionSpa 1 1 12 2:55 positionSpa 1 1 12 3:05 reservationSpa 1 1 12 3:21 the reservationSpa 1 1 12 3:27 a reservationSpa 1 1 12 3:39 Do you have a reservation for me for tonight?Spa 1 2 1 0:37 the conditionSpa 1 2 1 0:42 a conditionSpa 1 2 1 0:48 What condition?Spa 1 2 1 1:03 Key ending: words ending in -ation in English end in -ación in Spanish.Spa 1 2 1 1:44 What reservation?Spa 1 2 1 1:59 ofSpa 1 2 1 2:04 the confirmation of the reservationSpa 1 2 1 2:21 Do you have the confirmation of the reservation for me for tonight?Spa 1 2 1 3:13 kind / typeSpa 1 2 1 3:18 What type (kind) of reservation do you have for me for tonight?Spa 1 2 1 4:01 What kind of reservation do you want?

Spa 1 2 2 0:01Spa 1 2 2 0:32 translationSpa 1 2 2 0:44 I need a translation.Spa 1 2 2 1:16 Can you make a translation for me?

Spa 1 2 2 1:40Spa 1 2 2 1:42 Will you make a translation for me.Spa 1 2 2 2:21 pleaseSpa 1 2 2 3:00 Will you please do it for me.Spa 1 2 2 3:24 Can you do it for me today?Spa 1 2 2 3:45 todaySpa 1 2 2 5:17 explanationSpa 1 2 2 5:30 to giveSpa 1 2 2 5:45 Will you give an explanation.Spa 1 2 2 6:01 Can you give an explanation?

Spa 1 2 3 0:01Spa 1 2 3 0:21 formationSpa 1 2 3 0:37 to formSpa 1 2 3 0:47 to conformSpa 1 2 3 1:12 to confirm

Spa 1 2 3 1:25Spa 1 2 3 2:10 to speakSpa 1 2 3 2:17 to eatSpa 1 2 3 2:23 to comeSpa 1 2 3 2:28 to leave

Key ending: nouns ending in -ion in English are the same in Spanish (-ión). There are nearly 1200 of them. One exception is the word for 'translation'.

'puede' is used both for 'can you?' (question) and 'will you please' (polite request). The difference is in the inflection.

Verbs that are derived from nouns that are similar in English and Spanish will also be similar. To make the verb in Spanish, you just add -ar to the English.

The whole form of a verb, the infinitive, is expressed with 'to' in English (for example, to eat). In Spanish, it is expressed in an ending. There are three types of verbs: -ar (hablar), -er (comer), -ir (venir).

Spa 1 2 3 2:40 All Spanish verbs have an -r at the end, so the stress is on the last syllable.Spa 1 2 3 2:51 Spanish words which end in a consonant are stressed on the last syllable.

Spa 1 2 3 3:04

Spa 1 2 3 3:49

Spa 1 2 3 4:13

Spa 1 2 3 4:53Spa 1 2 3 5:38 MeridaSpa 1 2 3 6:11 MexicoSpa 1 2 3 7:15 situationSpa 1 2 3 7:22 impressionSpa 1 2 3 7:46 What impression do you have of the situation?Spa 1 2 4 0:01 like that / that waySpa 1 2 4 0:10 Words stressed in defiance of the 'NOSE' rule: así 'like that', aquí 'here'.Spa 1 2 4 0:20 hereSpa 1 2 4 0:51 Will you make a reservation for me.Spa 1 2 4 1:25 Can you make a reservation for me?Spa 1 2 4 1:36 Why can you not (can't you) make a reservation for me?Spa 1 2 4 2:20 to seeSpa 1 2 4 2:25 to knowSpa 1 2 4 2:45 I want to know it.Spa 1 2 4 2:57 I want to see it.Spa 1 2 4 3:10 to see itSpa 1 2 4 3:12 to see youSpa 1 2 4 3:20 to see themSpa 1 2 4 3:28 to see them (feminine)Spa 1 2 4 3:50 I want to see them.Spa 1 2 4 4:01 I want to see them. (all women)Spa 1 2 4 4:20 I want to see you.Spa 1 2 4 4:39 to see me

Spa 1 2 4 4:50Spa 1 2 5 0:01 to understandSpa 1 2 5 0:11 to understand itSpa 1 2 5 0:19 to understand youSpa 1 2 5 0:27 to understand themSpa 1 2 5 0:33 to understand them (all ladies)Spa 1 2 5 0:46 to understand meSpa 1 2 5 0:54 Can you understand me?Spa 1 2 5 1:18 Why can't you understand me?Spa 1 2 5 2:08 to say / to tellSpa 1 2 5 2:42 to tell itSpa 1 2 5 2:53 to tell youSpa 1 2 5 2:59 to tell meSpa 1 2 5 3:04 Will you tell me.Spa 1 2 5 3:26 Why can't you tell me now?Spa 1 2 5 3:53 to buySpa 1 2 5 4:05 I want to buy something here.Spa 1 2 5 4:22 What do you want to buy here?Spa 1 2 5 5:49 Why don't you want to buy it?

Spanish words which end in a vowel are stressed on the penultimate syllable: tengo, quiero, necesito, importante, restaurante.

Two consonants are exceptions to the rule that words ending in a consonant are stressed on the last syllable: -n and -s. Words ending in -n and -s are stressed on the penultimate syllable, the same as for vowels.

Michel's 'NOSE' rule: words ending in -n, -s or any vowel are stressed on the penultimate syllable, words ending in any other consonant are stressed on the last syllable.

Words that are stressed in defiance of the 'NOSE' rule have a written accent to show the stress: Mérida, México, reservación, condición, posición, situación, impresión.

There are two types of 'me': 'mí' as in 'para mí' (for me) and 'me' as in 'verme' (to see me).

Spa 1 2 6 0:01 expensiveSpa 1 2 6 0:11 It is very expensive.Spa 1 2 6 0:37 Do you have it?Spa 1 2 6 0:46 Why don't you have it for me?Spa 1 2 6 1:03 to haveSpa 1 2 6 1:23 I want to have it because I need it.Spa 1 2 6 2:19 I have to / I mustSpa 1 2 6 2:47 Add 'que' to the verb 'tener' to make 'must' or 'have to'.Spa 1 2 6 3:13 I have to do it.Spa 1 2 6 3:30 to leaveSpa 1 2 6 3:37 I have to leave.Spa 1 2 6 3:58 soonSpa 1 2 6 4:04 I have to leave soon.Spa 1 2 6 4:25 you have to / you mustSpa 1 2 6 4:33 You have to do it.Spa 1 2 6 4:43 When?Spa 1 2 6 4:49 When do you have to do it?Spa 1 2 6 5:36 to tell itSpa 1 2 6 5:42 to tell youSpa 1 2 6 5:47 to tell meSpa 1 2 6 5:57 Will you tell me.Spa 1 2 6 6:17 Can you tell me?Spa 1 2 6 6:46 Will you tell me why you cannot do it that way.Spa 1 2 7 0:01 Key ending: words ending in -ical in English end in -ico in Spanish.Spa 1 2 7 0:13 politicalSpa 1 2 7 0:18 economicalSpa 1 2 7 0:22 philosophicalSpa 1 2 7 0:30 logicalSpa 1 2 7 0:50 It is not logical but it is very practical that way.

Spa 1 2 7 1:20Spa 1 2 7 1:35 the political situationSpa 1 2 7 2:19 the economical situationSpa 1 2 7 2:51 in SpainSpa 1 2 7 2:57 in MexicoSpa 1 2 7 3:05 in Argentina

Spa 1 2 7 3:20Spa 1 2 8 0:01 How much?Spa 1 2 8 0:08 Don't confuse 'cuánto' (how much) with 'cuándo' (when).Spa 1 2 8 0:22 Will you tell me how much it is.Spa 1 2 8 0:32 And I want to buy it.Spa 1 2 8 0:49 because I need itSpa 1 2 8 1:01 And I want to have it.Spa 1 2 8 2:04 if it is not very expensiveSpa 1 2 8 2:08 ifSpa 1 2 8 2:38 I amSpa 1 2 8 2:50 occupied / busySpa 1 2 8 3:03 I am busy. (masculine)Spa 1 2 8 3:22 I am busy. (feminine)Spa 1 2 8 3:34 tiredSpa 1 2 8 3:45 I am tired. (masculine)Spa 1 2 8 4:00 I am tired. (feminine)Spa 1 2 8 4:10 to be marriedSpa 1 2 8 4:40 I am not very busy today. (feminine)

To say 'the political situation' in Spanish, you say 'the situation political' (la situación política). 'político' changes to 'política' because situación is a 'la' word (feminine). In Spanish, you make a distinction between masculine (Roberto) and feminine (Roberta).

What impression do you have of the political and economical situation in Spain right now?

Spa 1 2 8 5:00 I am not very busy today. (masculine)Spa 1 2 9 0:01 you areSpa 1 2 9 0:05 You are busy.Spa 1 2 9 0:24 Are you busy now? (feminine)Spa 1 2 9 0:38 Are you busy now? (masculine)Spa 1 2 9 1:21 to beSpa 1 2 9 1:47 'está' (with an accent) means 'you are' but 'esta' means 'this'.Spa 1 2 9 2:02 this houseSpa 1 2 9 2:10 tableSpa 1 2 9 2:12 this tableSpa 1 2 9 2:33 Where are you now?Spa 1 2 9 2:53 How?Spa 1 2 9 3:00 How are you?Spa 1 2 9 3:17 Add 's' to make plurals in Spanish: buenos dias.Spa 1 2 9 3:22 hello / good day (good days)Spa 1 2 9 4:50 Are you tired? (masculine)Spa 1 2 9 5:02 Are you tired? (feminine)Spa 1 2 10 0:01 I am goingSpa 1 2 10 0:51 toSpa 1 2 10 1:02 I am going toSpa 1 2 10 1:32 I am going to eat now.Spa 1 2 10 1:42 I am going to buy it.Spa 1 2 10 1:49 I am not going to buy it because it's very expensive.Spa 1 2 10 2:15 I am going to tell you.Spa 1 2 10 2:38 lateSpa 1 2 10 2:47 very lateSpa 1 2 10 2:55 It is very late.Spa 1 2 10 3:24 more or lessSpa 1 2 10 4:11 later (more late)Spa 1 2 10 4:32 to beSpa 1 2 10 4:41 I am going to be here later.Spa 1 3 1 0:25 I am going to do it.

Spa 1 3 1 0:35 I am not going to do it now because I am going to be very busy today. (feminine)Spa 1 3 1 1:12 I am going to be very busy today. (masculine)Spa 1 3 1 1:44 to callSpa 1 3 1 2:14 I am going to call you later.Spa 1 3 1 2:49 Can you/will you call me later.Spa 1 3 1 3:31 at what time (hour)Spa 1 3 1 3:37 At what time can you call me?Spa 1 3 1 4:04 I am going to call you.Spa 1 3 1 4:18 you are goingSpa 1 3 1 4:29 you are going toSpa 1 3 1 4:57 At what time are you going to call me?Spa 1 3 1 5:46 At what time are you going to be here tonight?Spa 1 3 1 6:16 Where are you going to be later?

Spa 1 3 2 0:01Spa 1 3 2 0:41 You are going to do it.Spa 1 3 2 0:50 He is going to do it.Spa 1 3 2 0:55 She is going to do it.

Spa 1 3 2 1:03Spa 1 3 2 1:13 When are you going to do it?Spa 1 3 2 1:28 Where is he?

For all verbs, the form for 'you' is the same for 'he/she/it'. For example: 'you are going to' (va a) also means 'he/she/it is going to'.

Use a clarifier if it is not clear whom you are talking about. For example, '¿Dónde está?' could mean 'Where are you?' or 'Where is he/she/it?'. You can add 'él' (he), 'ella' (she) or 'usted' (you) to make it clear (¿Dónde está el/ella/usted?).

Spa 1 3 2 1:50 Where are you?Spa 1 3 2 2:17 Where is she?Spa 1 3 2 2:20 He is going to be here soon.Spa 1 3 2 2:39 She is going to be here soon.Spa 1 3 2 2:51 What do you want?Spa 1 3 2 3:12 What does he want?Spa 1 3 2 3:40 What does she want?Spa 1 3 2 3:48 What do you have?Spa 1 3 2 3:55 What does he have?Spa 1 3 2 4:01 What does she have?Spa 1 3 2 4:12 What do you have?

Spa 1 3 2 4:37Spa 1 3 3 0:01 readySpa 1 3 3 0:10 I am ready.Spa 1 3 3 0:22 I am ready. (feminine)Spa 1 3 3 0:40 Are you ready? (feminine)Spa 1 3 3 0:48 Are you ready? (masculine)Spa 1 3 3 0:56 At what time (hour) are you going to be ready? (masculine)Spa 1 3 3 1:40 At what time are you going to be ready? (feminine)Spa 1 3 3 2:01 At what time is it going to be ready?

Spa 1 3 3 2:32Spa 1 3 3 4:44 Will you tell me when it is going to be ready.Spa 1 3 4 0:01 all / everythingSpa 1 3 4 0:11 Everything is going to be ready for you today.Spa 1 3 4 1:10 nothingSpa 1 3 4 1:35 tomorrow

Spa 1 3 4 1:40Spa 1 3 4 2:42 He is ready.Spa 1 3 4 3:06 She is ready.Spa 1 3 4 3:19 Everything is ready.Spa 1 3 5 0:17 It is possible.Spa 1 3 5 0:47 It is ready.Spa 1 3 5 1:07 There are two verbs in Spanish for 'to be' - 'estar' and 'ser'.

Spa 1 3 5 1:55

Spa 1 3 5 2:37Spa 1 3 5 3:26 I amSpa 1 3 5 3:31 I am

Spa 1 3 5 3:38 'estar' expresses how one is or where one is, not permanent characteristics.Spa 1 3 5 3:55 'ser' expresses permanent characteristics: who one is or what one is.Spa 1 3 5 4:36 How is he?Spa 1 3 5 4:41 How is she?Spa 1 3 5 4:47 Where are you?Spa 1 3 5 5:06 Where is he?Spa 1 3 5 5:10 Where is she?Spa 1 3 5 5:15 Where is it?Spa 1 3 5 5:29 I don't know.Spa 1 3 5 5:35 I knowSpa 1 3 5 5:42 I know it.Spa 1 3 5 5:48 I don't know it.

Use 'usted/él/ella' either as a clarifier or for emphasis (What do you have? ¿Qué tiene usted?).

I want to know at what time it is going to be ready because I need it and I want to have it today if it is possible.

Nothing is going to be ready for you today, but everything is going to be ready tomorrow.

'estar' expresses 'to be' as a state of being: how one is, where one is. The word 'estado' from 'estar' means 'state' (los Estados Unidos, United States).

'ser' can also be a noun: 'el ser' means 'the being' (el ser humano, the human being). 'ser' expresses the characteristics of who one is and what one is.

Spa 1 3 5 6:00 I don't know.Spa 1 3 5 6:04 I don't know where it is.Spa 1 3 6 0:01 'ser' and 'estar': continuedSpa 1 3 6 0:07 How is Pablo today?Spa 1 3 6 0:14 He (Pablo) is a sick person.Spa 1 3 6 0:36 sickSpa 1 3 6 0:42 He (Pablo) is sick today.Spa 1 3 6 1:43 SundaySpa 1 3 6 1:52 to arriveSpa 1 3 6 2:15 drunkSpa 1 3 6 2:22 to lookSpa 1 3 6 2:25 Pablo is drunk.Spa 1 3 6 3:12 Pablo is a drunk.Spa 1 3 6 3:26 dressedSpa 1 3 6 3:38 well dressedSpa 1 3 6 3:43 He (Pablo) is well dressed today.

Spa 1 3 6 4:27Spa 1 3 6 5:11 I am a professor.Spa 1 3 6 5:29 I am ready.

Spa 1 3 6 5:45Spa 1 3 6 6:20 cleverSpa 1 3 6 6:29 I am clever.Spa 1 3 6 6:36 He is clever.Spa 1 3 6 6:45 She is clever.Spa 1 3 6 6:54 She is ready.Spa 1 3 7 0:01 to speakSpa 1 3 7 0:25 to buySpa 1 3 7 0:28 to take

Spa 1 3 7 0:35Spa 1 3 7 1:00 confirmSpa 1 3 7 1:17 Will you/can you confirm the reservation for me.Spa 1 3 7 1:40 to prepareSpa 1 3 7 1:50 Will you/can you prepare the dinner for me.Spa 1 3 7 2:30 Will you/can you accept the condition.Spa 1 3 7 2:59 much / very muchSpa 1 3 7 3:03 many thanks

Spa 1 3 7 3:16Spa 1 3 8 0:01 Definition of verb, adjective and noun

Spa 1 3 8 2:20

Spa 1 3 8 2:40 Any word in front of which you can place 'am' or 'is' is an adjective: happy, proud.

Spa 1 3 8 2:58

Spa 1 3 8 3:49

Spa 1 3 8 4:47 There are three types of verbs in Spanish: -ar, -er and -ir. Most verbs end in -ar.

Spa 1 3 8 5:43Spa 1 3 8 5:57 to speak

Notice the difference between es bien vestido 'he is always well dressed' and está bien vestido 'he is well dressed today'.

'listo' has two meanings: 'ready' and 'clever'. 'ready' is not a permanent characteristic, so you use 'estar'. 'clever' is a permanent characteristic, so you use 'ser'.

For verbs that are derived from nouns that are similar in Spanish and English, such as words ending in -ion, you just need to add -ar at the end.

I want very much to accept the condition, but I am sorry I cannot accept it because it is not acceptable for me that way.

Any word in front of which you can place the article 'the' is a noun: the happiness, the pride, the situation, the condition.

Any word in front of which you can place 'to' is a verb: to be, to have, to go, to see. Verbs are the backbone of a language. If you know how to handle the verbs, you know how to handle the whole language.

The 'to' form of a verb (infinitive) is expressed in an ending in Spanish that always ends in 'r'.

All verbs end in 'r' in the 'to' form, which means that the one single stress will be at the end.

Spa 1 3 8 6:06 to buySpa 1 3 8 6:13 to understandSpa 1 3 8 6:24 to eatSpa 1 3 8 6:29 to do / to makeSpa 1 3 8 6:41 to say / to tellSpa 1 3 8 6:51 to prepareSpa 1 3 8 6:59 to acceptSpa 1 3 9 0:01 to comeSpa 1 3 9 0:17 with meSpa 1 3 9 0:36 with youSpa 1 3 9 0:38 with himSpa 1 3 9 0:40 with herSpa 1 3 9 0:47 Will you/can you speak Spanish with me.

Spa 1 3 9 1:06Spa 1 3 9 1:42 Can you come with me.Spa 1 3 9 2:07 If another verb follows a verb of coming and going, use 'a' (as in 'voy a').Spa 1 3 9 3:23 Can you come see it with me tonight.Spa 1 3 10 0:01 to goSpa 1 3 10 0:56 I want to go see it with you.Spa 1 3 10 1:50 I must go see it.Spa 1 3 10 2:24 I must speak with you.Spa 1 3 10 3:10 I am sorry but I cannot see you today because I am going to be very busy.Spa 1 3 10 4:09 I must buy it.Spa 1 3 10 4:57 I cannot buy it because it's very expensive.Spa 1 4 1 0:08 Where it is?Spa 1 4 1 0:17 How much is it?Spa 1 4 1 0:48 to findSpa 1 4 1 1:00 I cannot find it.Spa 1 4 1 1:28 I don't know where it is.Spa 1 4 1 1:41 Will you/can you tell me where it is because I cannot find it.

Spa 1 4 2 0:25Spa 1 4 2 1:52 Exceptions to the present tense rule: estoy, esta, voy, va.Spa 1 4 2 3:22 I buy / I am buyingSpa 1 4 2 3:53 I buy it. / I am buying it.Spa 1 4 2 4:07 I am not buying it. / I don't buy it.Spa 1 4 2 4:17 to sellSpa 1 4 2 4:26 I am selling it.Spa 1 4 2 5:24 I am not selling it.Spa 1 4 2 5:39 to understandSpa 1 4 2 5:46 I understandSpa 1 4 2 6:12 I understand it very well.Spa 1 4 2 6:31 I don't understand it very well.Spa 1 4 2 7:14 I understand it.Spa 1 4 2 7:23 I don't understand it.Spa 1 4 2 7:29 I don't understand you.Spa 1 4 2 8:05 you understandSpa 1 4 2 8:28 You understand it.Spa 1 4 2 8:39 Do you understand it?Spa 1 4 2 8:50 Why don't you understand it?Spa 1 4 2 9:07 Do you understand me?Spa 1 4 2 9:20 You understand me.Spa 1 4 2 9:29 Why don't you understand me?Spa 1 4 3 0:01 to sell

Whenever there are two or three consecutive verbs, the second or third verb will be in the full form of the verb with the 'r' at the end (the infinitive). So 'can you speak' in Spanish is 'can you to speak' (puede hablar).

Stress in the present tense is on the syllable before last (the penultimate syllable). If there are only two syllables, you stress the first syllable.

Spa 1 4 3 0:08 I am selling it.Spa 1 4 3 0:31 I am not selling it. / I don't sell it.Spa 1 4 3 3:25 You are selling it.Spa 1 4 3 3:36 Why don't you sell it?Spa 1 4 3 3:55 to writeSpa 1 4 3 4:10 I am writingSpa 1 4 3 4:23 everyday (all the days)Spa 1 4 3 4:32 I am writing everyday.Spa 1 4 4 0:01 I like (it pleases me)Spa 1 4 4 0:36 I like to see it.Spa 1 4 4 0:56 But I don't like to do it.Spa 1 4 4 1:19 I like to go see it.Spa 1 4 4 2:02 I like very muchSpa 1 4 4 2:58 I like very much to write.Spa 1 4 4 6:09 you like (it pleases you)Spa 1 4 4 6:28 Do you like?Spa 1 4 4 6:41 I like to write.Spa 1 4 4 6:57 I am writing / I writeSpa 1 4 4 7:04 you write / he writes / she writesSpa 1 4 4 7:12 Why don't you write to me?Spa 1 4 5 0:01 to knowSpa 1 4 5 0:07 you knowSpa 1 4 5 0:16 Do you know where it is?Spa 1 4 5 0:25 Why don't you know it?Spa 1 4 5 0:45 to do / to makeSpa 1 4 5 0:50 Why don't you do it?Spa 1 4 5 1:14 to leaveSpa 1 4 5 1:26 At what time (hour) are you leaving?

Spa 1 4 5 1:50 English 'am/is + -ing' is usually expressed with just the present tense in Spanish.Spa 1 4 5 2:46 At what time do you leave?

Spa 1 4 5 3:30Spa 1 4 5 3:53 I am leaving.Spa 1 4 5 5:03 What are you doing today?Spa 1 4 5 5:15 What are you doing tonight?Spa 1 4 5 5:28 What are you doing? (right now)Spa 1 4 5 5:56 What are you writing?Spa 1 4 5 6:20 What are you writing? (right there)Spa 1 4 6 0:01 to say / to tellSpa 1 4 6 0:07 What are you saying?Spa 1 4 6 0:12 For 'you are saying', 'e' in decir becomes 'i' in 'dice'.

Spa 1 4 6 1:00Spa 1 4 6 1:38 I am sorry but I don't understand what you are saying.Spa 1 4 6 2:38 I don't know what you want.Spa 1 4 6 3:00 That's not what I want.Spa 1 4 6 3:31 What do you want?Spa 1 4 6 3:41 What do you want to say?Spa 1 4 6 3:58 The combination of 'want' and 'say' in Spanish means 'to mean'.Spa 1 4 6 4:27 I don't understand very well what you mean.Spa 1 4 6 5:25 You don't understand what I mean.Spa 1 4 6 6:05 because that's not what I meanSpa 1 4 7 0:17 I speakSpa 1 4 7 0:32 to prepareSpa 1 4 7 0:40 I am preparing it.

The Spanish -ing tense expresses what you are doing right now. -ing becomes -iendo (saliendo). 'Estoy saliendo' means 'I am in the process of leaving right now'.

'what' at the beginning of a sentence is 'qué'. In the middle of a sentence, 'what' is 'lo que'.

Spa 1 4 7 1:28 But I don't accept it.

Spa 1 4 7 1:43Spa 1 4 7 3:37 On both tracks for 'I', after you push down you will surface on -o.Spa 1 4 7 4:00 I am preparingSpa 1 4 7 4:14 I am accepting it.

Spa 1 4 7 4:34Spa 1 4 7 4:56 you are leavingSpa 1 4 7 5:03 you are doingSpa 1 4 7 5:10 you are writingSpa 1 4 7 5:21 you are saying

Spa 1 4 7 5:34 On the -ar track for 'you/he/she/it', after you push down you will surface on -a.Spa 1 4 7 6:37 you speak / he speaks / she speaks / it speaksSpa 1 4 7 6:46 Do you speak English?Spa 1 4 8 0:01 who / whomSpa 1 4 8 0:09 Who speaks English here?Spa 1 4 8 0:21 nobodySpa 1 4 8 0:39 Nobody speaks English here.Spa 1 4 8 1:03 everybody (all the world)Spa 1 4 8 1:26 Everybody speaks Spanish.Spa 1 4 8 1:50 Why don't you speak Spanish with me?Spa 1 4 8 2:23 I am buying it.Spa 1 4 8 2:45 I don't buy it.Spa 1 4 8 2:58 I am not buying it.Spa 1 4 8 3:05 Why don't you buy it?Spa 1 4 8 4:00 Endings in Spanish, even unstressed, need to be very clear.Spa 1 4 8 4:58 I don't know why I am not buying it.Spa 1 4 8 5:36 Why don't you sell it?Spa 1 4 8 6:00 I am not selling it because I don't want to sell it.Spa 1 4 9 0:03 I speakSpa 1 4 9 0:15 you speak / he speaks / she speaks / it speaks

Spa 1 4 9 0:45 For 'they', you just add an 'n' after 'a' or 'e' depending on which track you are on.Spa 1 4 9 0:49 they speakSpa 1 4 9 1:14 they understandSpa 1 4 9 1:43 They are doing it.Spa 1 4 9 1:59 They are buying it.Spa 1 4 9 2:19 They are selling it.Spa 1 4 10 0:01 The same 'n' you use for 'they' also goes for 'you all' (you plural).Spa 1 4 10 0:25 Why don't you sell it?Spa 1 4 10 1:57 Why don't you sell it? (talking to several people)Spa 1 4 10 2:56 Why don't you do it?Spa 1 4 10 3:15 Why don't you all do it?Spa 1 4 10 3:42 Why don't they do it?Spa 1 5 1 0:06 Review of the present tense of all verbs.Spa 1 5 1 0:40 to speakSpa 1 5 1 0:52 to eatSpa 1 5 1 1:00 to understandSpa 1 5 1 1:10 to comeSpa 1 5 1 1:17 to leaveSpa 1 5 1 1:36 to do / to makeSpa 1 5 1 1:40 to say / to tellSpa 1 5 1 1:47 In the present tense, you push down on (stress) the penultimate syllable.Spa 1 5 1 2:36 I want

There are three types of verbs: -ar, -er and -ir. They are divided into two categories or 'tracks': the -ar track (hablar, comprar, preparar) and the -er/-ir track (comprender, escribir, hacer, salir).

On the -er/-ir track for 'you/he/she/it', after you push down you will surface on -e.

Spa 1 5 1 2:43 you wantSpa 1 5 1 3:26 I canSpa 1 5 1 3:47 I speakSpa 1 5 1 4:01 I don't speakSpa 1 5 1 4:20 I understandSpa 1 5 1 4:28 I don't understandSpa 1 5 1 4:34 you understandSpa 1 5 1 4:41 Do you understand it?Spa 1 5 1 4:48 Do you understand me?Spa 1 5 1 5:01 Don't you understand me?Spa 1 5 1 5:10 Why don't you understand me?Spa 1 5 1 5:39 they understand

Spa 1 5 1 5:50Spa 1 5 1 8:19 you speakSpa 1 5 2 0:01 All vowel sounds, even unstressed, have to come out very clearly. aSpa 1 5 2 0:17 aSpa 1 5 2 0:53 eSpa 1 5 2 1:06 iSpa 1 5 2 1:13 o (obey)Spa 1 5 2 1:31 u (food)Spa 1 5 2 1:57 For 'I' on both tracks you surface on 'o'.

Spa 1 5 2 2:18Spa 1 5 2 2:37 I am goingSpa 1 5 2 2:43 I amSpa 1 5 2 2:51 I am (from 'ser')Spa 1 5 2 3:08 I give

Spa 1 5 2 3:29 One exception where there is no 'o' at all for the 'I' form is the verb 'to know'.Spa 1 5 2 3:37 I knowSpa 1 5 3 0:12 Why don't you buy it?Spa 1 5 3 0:52 I am selling it.Spa 1 5 3 1:01 Why don't you sell it?Spa 1 5 3 2:07 Why don't you sell it? (plural)Spa 1 5 3 2:17 They are not selling it.Spa 1 5 3 2:50 Why don't you buy it?Spa 1 5 3 3:03 They are not buying it.Spa 1 5 3 3:15 Why don't you (all) buy it? (plural)

Spa 1 5 4 0:01Spa 1 5 4 1:05 For 'tú' you hook on 's' to 'a' or 'e' at the end of the verb.Spa 1 5 4 1:37 Do you speak English? (to Roberto or Roberta)Spa 1 5 4 2:06 Why don't you speak Spanish with me? (to Roberto or Roberta)

Spa 1 5 4 3:30Spa 1 5 4 3:55 Speak Spanish with me!Spa 1 5 5 0:01 Buy the book!Spa 1 5 5 0:15 this book

Spa 1 5 5 0:24 'this' is 'este' for 'el' nouns (este libro) and 'esta' for 'la' nouns (esta noche).Spa 1 5 5 0:47 this night (tonight)Spa 1 5 5 0:52 this houseSpa 1 5 5 0:56 this tableSpa 1 5 5 2:00 If you take out the 't' in 'este' and 'esta', then you have 'that'.Spa 1 5 5 2:15 that book

In the present tense, for 'they' you add -an for the -ar track and -en for the -er/-ir track.

There are only a few exceptions in the entire Spanish language where you don't have a clear 'o' for the 'I' form. There are four exceptions where you have 'oy' instead of 'o'.

In Spanish, you have two words for 'you'. With family members and friends, you may switch from the use of 'usted' to 'tú'.

If you switch tracks in the present tense (from 'a' to 'e' or 'e' to 'a'), that gives you the imperative (the command).

Spa 1 5 5 2:20 that tableSpa 1 5 5 2:29 If you want to say 'this' without a noun, use 'esto'.Spa 1 5 5 2:39 I want to see this.Spa 1 5 5 2:45 I am going to buy this.Spa 1 5 5 2:53 I want to see that.Spa 1 5 5 3:27 Why don't you buy this book?Spa 1 5 5 4:02 Buy that book!Spa 1 5 5 4:46 He is not buying it.Spa 1 5 5 5:16 Don't buy it!Spa 1 5 6 0:03 Why don't you sell it?Spa 1 5 6 0:16 Don't sell it.Spa 1 5 6 1:08 Don't sell it! (plural)Spa 1 5 6 1:27 Don't sell it. (Roberto)Spa 1 5 6 3:13 Buy that book.Spa 1 5 6 3:27 Don't buy it, it's not good.Spa 1 5 6 4:01 Don't buy it. (plural)Spa 1 5 6 4:13 Don't buy it. (Roberto)

Spa 1 5 7 0:01Spa 1 5 7 0:44 Buy it!Spa 1 5 7 1:34 Buy it! (plural)Spa 1 5 7 3:47 Buy them!Spa 1 5 7 4:40 Don't hook the pronoun onto the verb in the negative command.Spa 1 5 7 4:43 Don't buy them!Spa 1 5 7 5:01 to takeSpa 1 5 7 5:07 Why don't you take it?Spa 1 5 7 5:28 Don't take it!Spa 1 5 7 5:49 Take it!Spa 1 5 7 6:08 Eat it! It is very good.Spa 1 5 7 6:23 delicious

Spa 1 5 8 0:01Spa 1 5 8 0:52 we speakSpa 1 5 8 1:04 to speakSpa 1 5 8 1:57 I want to speak with you.Spa 1 5 8 2:23 We are doing it.Spa 1 5 8 3:08 we eatSpa 1 5 8 3:25 we are leavingSpa 1 5 8 3:31 we are comingSpa 1 5 8 3:37 we are sellingSpa 1 5 8 4:04 we are writingSpa 1 5 8 4:14 we haveSpa 1 5 8 4:35 We are not doing it.Spa 1 5 8 4:43 We do not do it that way.Spa 1 5 8 5:06 We are telling you.Spa 1 5 9 0:01 The verb 'ir' (to go) is an exception: 'we go' is 'vamos'.Spa 1 5 9 0:08 we goSpa 1 5 9 0:38 they are going to / you all are going toSpa 1 5 9 0:51 you are going to (Roberto)Spa 1 5 9 1:00 we are going toSpa 1 5 9 1:05 We are going to leave soon.Spa 1 5 9 1:20 to arriveSpa 1 5 9 1:31 At what time are we going to arrive in Madrid?Spa 1 5 9 2:26 Why don't you do it, Roberta?Spa 1 5 9 2:45 I haveSpa 1 5 9 2:50 go-go verbs: some verbs add a 'g' before the 'o' in the 'I' form.Spa 1 5 9 3:22 I come

If you use the positive command with a pronoun (me, him, it), hook the pronoun onto the end of the verb.

For 'we' the verb ending is -mos. Whenever you want to use 'we', go to the whole verb, drop the 'r' and add -mos.

Spa 1 5 9 3:46 I'm leavingSpa 1 5 9 4:12 to put

Spa 1 5 9 4:29Spa 1 5 9 4:52 I putSpa 1 5 9 5:00 I am putting it here.Spa 1 5 9 5:20 I supposeSpa 1 5 10 0:01 'to do' and 'to say'Spa 1 5 10 0:19 to doSpa 1 5 10 0:22 to say / to tellSpa 1 5 10 0:34 I doSpa 1 5 10 0:39 I tellSpa 1 5 10 1:13 I am doing it.Spa 1 5 10 1:18 I am telling you.Spa 1 5 10 1:40 to bringSpa 1 5 10 1:49 I am bringingSpa 1 5 10 1:53 I am bringing it.Spa 1 5 10 2:04 I am putting it.Spa 1 5 10 3:03 Where are you putting it?Spa 1 5 10 3:25 Where are you all putting it?Spa 1 5 10 3:51 Where are you putting it? (Roberta)Spa 1 5 10 4:16 We are putting it here.Spa 1 5 11 0:01 The go-go verbs turn ga-ga in the imperative.Spa 1 5 11 0:25 Come with me!Spa 1 5 11 0:39 Don't leave!Spa 1 5 11 0:50 Don't leave! (plural)Spa 1 5 11 1:17 Don't leave! (Roberto)Spa 1 5 11 1:32 Don't put it here.Spa 1 5 11 1:53 Put it here!Spa 1 5 11 2:32 Can you put it here.

Spa 1 6 1 0:01Spa 1 6 1 1:02 Bring it!Spa 1 6 1 1:20 Bring me something!Spa 1 6 1 1:34 Don't put it here.Spa 1 6 1 2:19 thereSpa 1 6 1 2:22 hereSpa 1 6 1 2:26 Put it there!Spa 1 6 1 2:44 Don't put it here, put it there.Spa 1 6 1 3:13 I am doing it.Spa 1 6 1 3:20 Do it!Spa 1 6 1 3:30 Don't do it!Spa 1 6 1 3:48 Say it in Spanish!Spa 1 6 1 4:00 Tell me!Spa 1 6 1 4:16 Don't tell me now.Spa 1 6 1 4:30 Don't tell me. (Roberta)Spa 1 6 1 4:39 to callSpa 1 6 1 4:59 Call me later.Spa 1 6 1 6:27 Call me! (Roberto/Roberta)

Spa 1 6 1 6:35Spa 1 6 2 0:01 to haveSpa 1 6 2 0:08 we haveSpa 1 6 2 0:38 you haveSpa 1 6 2 0:46 they haveSpa 1 6 2 0:54 you have (Roberto)

Verbs in English with -pose will be formed with -poner in Spanish: 'to oppose' oponer, 'to suppose' suponer, 'to compose' componer.

Review of go-go verbs: salgo, tengo, pongo, vengo, hago, digo, supongo, tengo, traigo.

There is only one occasion when you don't switch tracks in the imperative: in the positive imperative to Roberto or Roberta you don't switch tracks and you don't use the 's'.

Spa 1 6 2 1:10 I have

Spa 1 6 2 1:30Spa 1 6 2 2:54 to comeSpa 1 6 2 3:01 we are comingSpa 1 6 2 3:07 he is comingSpa 1 6 2 3:24 they are comingSpa 1 6 2 3:29 you are coming (Roberto)Spa 1 6 2 3:34 I am comingSpa 1 6 2 3:48 to beginSpa 1 6 2 3:55 I am startingSpa 1 6 2 4:22 You are starting / he is starting / she is starting / it is startingSpa 1 6 2 5:04 Start!Spa 1 6 2 5:07 At what time are you starting?Spa 1 6 2 5:20 At what time are you all starting?Spa 1 6 2 5:35 At what time are you starting? (Roberta)Spa 1 6 2 5:48 At what time do we start?Spa 1 6 3 0:01 to begin / to startSpa 1 6 3 0:13 I am startingSpa 1 6 3 0:32 At what time are you starting? / At what time is it starting?Spa 1 6 3 0:54 the filmSpa 1 6 3 0:58 to thinkSpa 1 6 3 1:06 I thinkSpa 1 6 3 1:18 What do you think?Spa 1 6 3 1:31 What do you think of the situation?Spa 1 6 3 1:49 we thinkSpa 1 6 3 2:27 I plan on leaving soon. (in Spanish: I think to leave soon)Spa 1 6 3 2:43 When do you plan on leaving?Spa 1 6 3 2:57 to understand

Spa 1 6 3 3:15Spa 1 6 3 3:35 to understandSpa 1 6 3 3:44 I understandSpa 1 6 3 4:09 I don't understand it.Spa 1 6 3 4:15 I don't understand you.Spa 1 6 3 4:20 I don't understand you. (Roberta)Spa 1 6 3 4:33 Do you understand me? (Roberta)Spa 1 6 3 4:50 We don't understand.

Spa 1 6 3 5:00Spa 1 6 3 5:27 I wantSpa 1 6 3 5:33 you want / he wantsSpa 1 6 3 5:37 they wantSpa 1 6 3 5:45 you want (Roberto/Roberta)Spa 1 6 3 5:52 you all wantSpa 1 6 3 6:21 to wantSpa 1 6 3 6:26 we want

Spa 1 6 4 0:01Spa 1 6 4 0:42 I canSpa 1 6 4 0:50 you can / he canSpa 1 6 4 0:55 they can / you all canSpa 1 6 4 1:00 you can (Roberto/Roberta)Spa 1 6 4 1:22 to be able (can)Spa 1 6 4 2:13 we canSpa 1 6 4 2:27 the powerSpa 1 6 4 2:48 to find

'e' in the second syllable before last (tener) becomes 'ie' (tiene) when you push down in the present tense, except in the 'I' form (tengo).

In 'comprender', the e is locked between 'r' and 'n'. This holds up the 'e' and it doesn't cave in (comprende, not compriende)

If you see 'ie' in the present tense, you can deduce that the 'to' form is formed with 'e'.

'o' in the syllable before last becomes 'ue' when you push down in the present tense.

Spa 1 6 4 3:07 I findSpa 1 6 4 3:27 I don't find it.Spa 1 6 4 3:40 to rememberSpa 1 6 4 3:46 I rememberSpa 1 6 4 4:11 to come backSpa 1 6 4 4:39 I am coming back soon.Spa 1 6 4 4:53 At what time are you coming back?Spa 1 6 4 5:12 Are you all coming back?Spa 1 6 4 5:15 At what time are you coming back, Roberta?Spa 1 6 4 5:27 We are coming back soon.Spa 1 6 4 5:46 to regressSpa 1 6 5 0:01 to lift upSpa 1 6 5 0:45 I am lifting it up.Spa 1 6 5 0:57 Why don't you lift it up?Spa 1 6 5 1:18 I am lifting myself up. (I am getting up.)Spa 1 6 5 1:52 We are getting up. (We lift ourselves up.)Spa 1 6 5 1:56 usSpa 1 6 5 2:51 You are getting up. (Roberto)Spa 1 6 5 3:04 At what time are you getting up? (Roberta)Spa 1 6 5 3:17 Use 'se' for 'himself/herself/yourself/themselves'.Spa 1 6 5 3:35 He is getting up.Spa 1 6 5 3:46 At what time are you getting up?Spa 1 6 5 4:02 At what time are you all getting up?Spa 1 6 5 4:16 They are getting up soon.Spa 1 6 5 4:33 I am going to get up soon.Spa 1 6 5 5:02 I have to get up.Spa 1 6 5 5:20 We are going to get up soon.Spa 1 6 5 5:51 We have to get up.Spa 1 6 5 7:14 At what time do we have to get up?Spa 1 6 6 0:01 to remainSpa 1 6 6 0:13 to giveSpa 1 6 6 0:25 to stay (to remain oneself)Spa 1 6 6 0:43 I am stayingSpa 1 6 6 0:58 I am not stayingSpa 1 6 6 1:13 How much time? / How long?Spa 1 6 6 1:17 timeSpa 1 6 6 1:23 I don't know how long I am staying.Spa 1 6 6 2:21 I don't know how long I am going to stay.Spa 1 6 6 2:51 I don't know how long I can stay.Spa 1 6 6 3:34 We are staying.Spa 1 6 6 3:51 We are going to stay a few days.Spa 1 6 6 3:56 a few days

Spa 1 6 6 4:46Spa 1 6 6 5:13 the handSpa 1 6 6 5:29 the problemSpa 1 6 7 0:01 there is / there areSpa 1 6 7 0:23 peopleSpa 1 6 7 0:30 the peopleSpa 1 6 7 0:39 many peopleSpa 1 6 7 0:45 There are many people here.Spa 1 6 7 0:54 There is no problem.Spa 1 6 7 1:17 I don't know how long we are going to stay here.Spa 1 6 7 2:10 still (still more)Spa 1 6 7 2:15 still a little moreSpa 1 6 7 2:28 late

Usually words ending in 'a' are 'la' words. 'día' is an exception (el día). Words ending in 'o' are 'el' words. 'mano' is an exception (la mano). Words ending in 'ma' are 'el' words (el problema).

Spa 1 6 7 2:37 laterSpa 1 6 7 2:41 a little laterSpa 1 6 7 2:56 'todavía' is also used in the negative sense for 'yet'.Spa 1 6 7 3:07 I don't know yet. (Still I don't know.)Spa 1 6 7 3:24 Still I don't know how long I am going to stay.Spa 1 6 8 0:07 we seeSpa 1 6 8 0:14 We see it.Spa 1 6 8 0:24 He doesn't see it. / You don't see it.Spa 1 6 8 0:34 I seeSpa 1 6 8 0:46 They see it.Spa 1 6 8 0:58 We see ourselves.Spa 1 6 8 1:07 We don't see ourselves.

Spa 1 6 8 1:16Spa 1 6 8 1:38 We see each other.Spa 1 6 8 1:47 At what time do we meet? (At what time do we see each other?)Spa 1 6 8 2:03 At what time do we meet tomorrow?Spa 1 6 8 2:18 The present tense is widely used in Spanish to talk about the future.Spa 1 6 8 2:36 I call you later.

Spa 1 6 8 3:57Spa 1 6 8 4:20 I will call you tomorrow. (I call you tomorrow.)Spa 1 6 8 4:53 I am buying them.Spa 1 6 8 5:12 I am saying it.Spa 1 6 8 5:17 I am telling you.Spa 1 6 8 5:24 I am telling you. (Roberto/Roberta)Spa 1 6 8 5:34 I am calling you.Spa 1 6 8 5:40 I am calling you. (Roberto)Spa 1 6 8 5:47 I call you tomorrow.Spa 1 6 8 6:01 'going' is also frequently used to talk about the future.Spa 1 6 8 6:13 I am going to call you tomorrow.Spa 1 6 9 0:01 We are staying a few days.Spa 1 6 9 0:21 We are going to stay a few days.

Spa 1 6 9 0:35

Spa 1 6 9 1:03

Spa 1 6 9 2:00Spa 1 6 9 2:36 I will speakSpa 1 6 9 3:18 I will eat later.Spa 1 6 9 3:29 I will buy it.Spa 1 6 9 3:39 I will sell it.Spa 1 6 9 4:15 to takeSpa 1 6 9 4:19 I will take it.Spa 1 6 9 4:31 For 'I will' you add -ré, and for 'we will' you add -remos.Spa 1 6 9 4:55 We will take it.Spa 1 6 9 5:13 I will start (commence)Spa 1 6 9 5:23 we will startSpa 1 6 9 5:30 I will eatSpa 1 6 9 5:35 we will eatSpa 1 6 9 5:39 I will speak with youSpa 1 6 9 5:48 we will speakSpa 1 6 10 0:02 to wait / to hopeSpa 1 6 10 0:06 I will waitSpa 1 6 10 0:23 we will waitSpa 1 6 10 0:44 I am staying

'ourselves' in Spanish has two meanings: it can mean 'we see ourselves' but it also means 'we see each other'.

If you use the present tense to talk about the future, you need to use words such as mañana, la semana que viene (next week), etc.

At what time do we meet tomorrow? (At what time do we see each other tomorrow?)

At what time are we going to see each other tomorrow? / At what time are we going to meet tomorrow?

How to construct the future tense: for 'I will' you use the whole verb and hit the ending of the verb with -ré.

Spa 1 6 10 2:11 I am staying here tomorrow.Spa 1 6 10 2:34 I will staySpa 1 6 10 2:43 I am going to stay.Spa 1 7 1 0:16 I am going to start.Spa 1 7 1 0:31 I am going to buy it.Spa 1 7 1 0:48 We are going to buy it.Spa 1 7 1 1:09 I am going to call you later.Spa 1 7 1 1:24 We will call you later.Spa 1 7 1 1:53 At what time will you call me?Spa 1 7 1 2:18 At what time are you going to call me? (to a couple)Spa 1 7 1 2:50 They are going to call me later.Spa 1 7 1 3:15 At what time will you call me? (Roberta)Spa 1 7 1 3:44 You are going to call me.Spa 1 7 1 3:57 You are going to call me. (to several people)Spa 1 7 1 4:06 You are going to call me. (Roberto)Spa 1 7 1 4:13 They are going to call me.Spa 1 7 1 4:28 We are going to call you.Spa 1 7 2 0:12 I am stayingSpa 1 7 2 0:18 we are stayingSpa 1 7 2 0:34 they are stayingSpa 1 7 2 0:43 she is stayingSpa 1 7 2 0:52 I am not stayingSpa 1 7 2 1:01 I am going to stay.Spa 1 7 2 1:12 How long are you going to stay? (señor)Spa 1 7 2 1:52 How long are you going to stay? (to a couple)Spa 1 7 2 2:33 I don't know yet how long we are going to stay.Spa 1 7 2 3:52 I will staySpa 1 7 2 4:06 we will staySpa 1 7 2 4:30 We are going to stay.Spa 1 7 3 0:01 Review of the future tense.

Spa 1 7 3 0:22Spa 1 7 3 0:46 I will buy it.Spa 1 7 3 0:54 We will buy it.Spa 1 7 3 1:08 He will buy it.Spa 1 7 3 1:14 You will buy it. (señor)Spa 1 7 3 1:20 Where will you buy it? (to several people)Spa 1 7 3 1:41 Where will you buy it? (Roberto)Spa 1 7 3 1:54 They won't buy it because it is too expensive.Spa 1 7 3 2:10 too / too muchSpa 1 7 3 3:03 I will be here.Spa 1 7 3 3:35 We will be here tomorrow.Spa 1 7 3 3:55 He will be here.Spa 1 7 3 4:06 It will be ready for you tomorrow.Spa 1 7 3 4:35 They will be here soon.Spa 1 7 3 4:48 They are going to be here soon.Spa 1 7 3 5:22 it will beSpa 1 7 3 5:50 It won't be possible.Spa 1 7 3 6:12 I will go see it.Spa 1 7 3 7:01 We will go see it.Spa 1 7 3 7:21 we will goSpa 1 7 3 7:24 We will go see it.Spa 1 7 4 0:01 Go-go verbs in the future tense need a 'd' before -re (-dre).Spa 1 7 4 0:25 I will haveSpa 1 7 4 0:38 we will haveSpa 1 7 4 0:43 he will have / you will have (señor)Spa 1 7 4 0:52 they will have / you all will have

For 'he/she/it will' and 'you will' add -rá. For 'they will' add -rán and for 'you will' (Roberto) add -rás.

Spa 1 7 4 0:56 you will have (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 1:09 I will leaveSpa 1 7 4 1:20 we will leaveSpa 1 7 4 1:28 he will leaveSpa 1 7 4 1:31 they will leave / you all will leaveSpa 1 7 4 1:39 you will leave (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 2:11 I will putSpa 1 7 4 2:17 we will putSpa 1 7 4 2:20 they will put / you all will putSpa 1 7 4 2:25 you will put (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 2:32 For 'digo' and 'hago' drop the 'go' and add -ré.Spa 1 7 4 2:53 I will doSpa 1 7 4 2:57 we will doSpa 1 7 4 3:01 he will doSpa 1 7 4 3:05 they will doSpa 1 7 4 3:09 you will do (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 3:12 I will tell you later. (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 3:24 I will tellSpa 1 7 4 3:54 I will tell it.Spa 1 7 4 4:05 I will tell you.Spa 1 7 4 4:33 We will tell you.Spa 1 7 4 4:42 He will tell you.Spa 1 7 4 4:49 He will tell me.Spa 1 7 4 5:00 When will you tell me? (señor)Spa 1 7 4 5:11 When will you tell me? (Roberto)Spa 1 7 4 5:24 When will you all tell me?

Spa 1 7 5 0:31 The conditional (would) follows the same pattern as 'will', but the ending is -ría.Spa 1 7 5 1:41 It will be necessary.Spa 1 7 5 1:56 It would be necessary.Spa 1 7 5 2:21 It wouldn't be necessary.Spa 1 7 5 2:30 It wouldn't be possible that way.Spa 1 7 5 2:49 I will do it.Spa 1 7 5 3:02 I would do it.Spa 1 7 5 3:17 I wouldn't do it that way.Spa 1 7 5 3:32 They wouldn't do it.Spa 1 7 5 3:46 Why wouldn't you do it, Roberto?Spa 1 7 5 4:15 I will tell you.Spa 1 7 5 4:27 I wouldn't tell you.Spa 1 7 5 4:52 He wouldn't tell me.Spa 1 7 5 5:27 He won't leave today.Spa 1 7 5 6:26 He wouldn't leave.Spa 1 7 5 6:39 He will have it for you.Spa 1 7 5 7:06 But he wouldn't have it today.Spa 1 7 6 0:01 I like (it pleases me)Spa 1 7 6 0:43 I don't like to stay here.Spa 1 7 6 1:09 you like (it pleases you)Spa 1 7 6 1:20 You like? (Do you like?)Spa 1 7 6 1:37 we like (it pleases us)Spa 1 7 6 2:00 I would like (it would please me)Spa 1 7 6 2:43 I would like to see you.Spa 1 7 6 2:55 I would like to go see it with you.Spa 1 7 6 3:45 to sendSpa 1 7 6 3:57 He is sending it.Spa 1 7 6 4:14 Whenever you have two pronouns, the personal pronoun comes first.Spa 1 7 6 4:16 He is sending it to me.Spa 1 7 6 4:53 He is not sending it to me today.

Spa 1 7 6 5:24 But he will send it to me tomorrow.Spa 1 7 6 6:14 He is going to send it to me tomorrow.Spa 1 7 6 7:51 You can also use the present tense to talk about the future.Spa 1 7 6 8:00 He is sending it to me tomorrow.Spa 1 7 6 9:12 He wouldn't send it to me today.Spa 1 7 7 0:03 I am sending it.Spa 1 7 7 0:14 I am sending you something.Spa 1 7 7 0:27 I am sending you something. (Roberta)Spa 1 7 7 0:39 I am sending it to you. (Roberta)Spa 1 7 7 0:55 I am sending them to you. (Roberto)

Spa 1 7 7 1:35Spa 1 7 7 2:54 I am sending it to you. (señor)Spa 1 7 7 3:04 I am going to send it to you. (señor)

Spa 1 7 7 3:27 'Voy a mandárselo' means 'I am going to send it to you señor/him/her/them'.

Spa 1 7 7 4:14 Sometimes you need a clarifier: Voy a mandárselo a usted, a él, a ella mañana.Spa 1 7 7 5:53 Will you/can you send it to me.Spa 1 7 7 7:03 Can you send it to him.Spa 1 7 8 1:05 I would like to see it.Spa 1 7 8 1:23 Another expression for 'I would like' is 'quisiera' (I may/I might want).Spa 1 7 8 1:52 I might want to see it.

Spa 1 7 8 2:00Spa 1 7 8 3:07 It won't be necessary.Spa 1 7 8 4:28 It wouldn't be necessary.

Spa 1 7 9 0:01Spa 1 7 9 2:20 to liveSpa 1 7 9 2:28 lived

Spa 1 7 9 2:44

Spa 1 7 9 3:35Spa 1 7 10 0:07 I have bought something.Spa 1 7 10 0:20 We have bought.Spa 1 7 10 0:25 If you want to say 'we have bought it', the 'it' comes first.Spa 1 7 10 0:28 We have bought it.Spa 1 7 10 0:46 He has bought it.Spa 1 7 10 0:57 He has not bought it.Spa 1 7 10 1:06 Where have you bought it?Spa 1 7 10 1:39 He has sold it.

Spa 1 7 10 2:00Spa 1 7 10 2:36 I have done it.Spa 1 7 10 2:44 We have done it.Spa 1 7 10 3:07 He has told me.Spa 1 7 10 3:13 You have not told me.Spa 1 7 10 3:24 I have told you.Spa 1 8 1 0:06 to wait

Whenever you have the combination of 'le' and 'lo', you change the 'l' of 'le' to an 's' and you make it 'se lo'. The 'se' doesn't mean 'oneself' in this case. So 'se lo' means 'it to you'.

Different ways to express the same thought: quiero verlo, me gusta verlo, me gustaría verlo, quisiera verlo.

How to form the past tense (I have bought something). The past participle depends on which track you are on. On the -ar track, you dive into -ado (hablar - hablado). On the -er track, you dive into -ido (salir - salido). For example: comer - comido, vender - vendido, comprar - comprado, tomar - tomado.

In Spanish, there are two verbs for 'to have'. The verb 'to have' is the diving board you need to dive into the past, which in this case is 'haber' and not 'tener'.

To obtain the different forms of 'haber', take the future tense ending, drop the r and add a silent 'h'. In the future you have: -ré, -remos, -rá, -rán, -rás. For 'haber' you will have: he, hemos, ha, han, has.

There are a few exceptions when you're 'diving'. For example, the diving part of 'hacer' is 'hecho'.

Spa 1 8 1 0:18 I am waitingSpa 1 8 1 1:17 I want to find out where it is.Spa 1 8 1 2:08 you are waiting / he is waiting / she is waitingSpa 1 8 1 3:39 Why are you waiting?Spa 1 8 1 4:42 Why don't you wait?Spa 1 8 2 0:34 I am awaiting you.Spa 1 8 2 0:49 I am awaiting you. (Roberto/Roberta)Spa 1 8 2 1:24 He is waiting for you. / She is waiting for you.Spa 1 8 2 1:28 They are waiting for me. (They are awaiting me.)Spa 1 8 2 2:11 Why are you all waiting?Spa 1 8 2 2:32 Why are you waiting for me? (Roberto/Roberta)Spa 1 8 2 3:09 we are waitingSpa 1 8 2 3:28 Why don't you wait for me? (señor)Spa 1 8 2 3:53 Why don't you wait for me? (Roberto)Spa 1 8 2 4:08 Why don't you wait for me? (to several people)Spa 1 8 2 4:22 Wait!Spa 1 8 2 4:37 a little momentSpa 1 8 2 4:44 Wait for me here! (Await me here!)Spa 1 8 3 0:01 We are waiting for you.Spa 1 8 3 0:11 To say 'shall we wait for you?' just use the inflection to a question.Spa 1 8 3 0:15 Shall we wait for you?

Spa 1 8 3 0:40Spa 1 8 3 1:19 we are waitingSpa 1 8 3 1:24 Let's wait!Spa 1 8 3 1:32 Let's wait here.Spa 1 8 3 1:41 We are buying it.Spa 1 8 3 1:50 We are not buying it.Spa 1 8 3 1:59 Let's not buy it.Spa 1 8 3 2:15 We are selling it.Spa 1 8 3 2:40 Let's sell the house.Spa 1 8 3 2:52 Don't wait for me.Spa 1 8 3 3:17 Wait for me!Spa 1 8 3 4:23 I have waitedSpa 1 8 3 4:41 I have leftSpa 1 8 3 5:14 Review of the -ing tense.Spa 1 8 3 5:29 I am waiting. (right now)Spa 1 8 3 5:48 I am waiting for you. (I am right now in the process of waiting for you.)Spa 1 8 3 5:57 I am doing it.Spa 1 8 3 6:07 I am doing it. (I am right now in the process of doing it.)

Spa 1 8 4 0:18Spa 1 8 4 1:50 The w-ing tense: to express was/were + -ing you use -aba on the -ar track.Spa 1 8 4 2:17 I was waitingSpa 1 8 4 2:21 I was speakingSpa 1 8 4 2:30 I was buying it.Spa 1 8 4 2:37 I was preparing it.Spa 1 8 4 2:43 On the other track (-er/-ir), you use -ía.Spa 1 8 4 2:56 I was leavingSpa 1 8 4 3:03 I was eatingSpa 1 8 4 3:08 I was doing it.Spa 1 8 4 3:16 I was buying it.Spa 1 8 4 3:41 I was selling it.Spa 1 8 4 4:12 He was preparing it.Spa 1 8 4 4:21 You were preparing it. (señor)Spa 1 8 4 4:36 You were preparing it. (Roberto)Spa 1 8 4 4:43 They were preparing it.

'let's' (let us) expresses a command. If you want to say 'let's wait' in Spanish, you have to change track from -amos to -emos.

Past tense with -ing: I was doing it, I was waiting. Whenever you have -ing preceded by 'was' or 'were', it's the past tense with -ing.

Spa 1 8 4 4:59 I was doing it.Spa 1 8 4 5:22 He was doing it.Spa 1 8 4 5:29 You were doing it. (señor)Spa 1 8 4 5:37 You were doing it. (Roberto)Spa 1 8 4 5:49 They were doing it.Spa 1 8 4 5:57 He was telling me.Spa 1 8 4 6:10 I have not understood what you were saying.

Spa 1 8 5 0:01

Spa 1 8 5 0:48Spa 1 8 5 1:57 He did it everyday.Spa 1 8 5 2:34 done / madeSpa 1 8 5 2:58 You can also dive after 'to be'.Spa 1 8 5 3:03 It is done.Spa 1 8 5 3:10 I have done it.Spa 1 8 5 3:20 I have prepared it.Spa 1 8 5 3:41 Dinner is prepared.Spa 1 8 5 4:01 I have accepted the condition.Spa 1 8 6 0:14 I have told you.Spa 1 8 6 0:22 You haven't told me.Spa 1 8 6 0:41 Why haven't you told me?Spa 1 8 6 0:59 Another exception in diving is the verb 'to see': 'ver' becomes 'visto'.Spa 1 8 6 1:25 I have seen it.Spa 1 8 6 1:40 I haven't seen it yet.Spa 1 8 6 2:00 Another exception is the go-go verb 'to put': 'poner' becomes 'puesto'.Spa 1 8 6 2:11 Where have you put it? (Roberto)Spa 1 8 6 2:25 We have put it here.Spa 1 8 6 2:37 to forgetSpa 1 8 6 3:09 I won't forget it.Spa 1 8 6 3:39 sureSpa 1 8 6 3:44 I am sure.Spa 1 8 6 3:55 I am sure that we won't forget it.Spa 1 8 6 4:21 I didn't forget it.Spa 1 8 7 0:01 to leaveSpa 1 8 7 0:05 to leave something behindSpa 1 8 7 0:26 messageSpa 1 8 7 0:39 I have left a message for you.Spa 1 8 7 1:09 to spend timeSpa 1 8 7 1:22 We have spent much time.Spa 1 8 7 1:43 We have not spent much time.Spa 1 8 7 2:09 That is a very good idea.Spa 1 8 7 2:48 It is not a bad idea.Spa 1 8 7 3:06 How much time did you spend? (Roberto)Spa 1 8 7 3:32 to preferSpa 1 8 7 3:36 I preferSpa 1 8 7 3:50 I prefer staying here.Spa 1 8 8 0:01 to feel likeSpa 1 8 8 0:37 I feel like staying here.Spa 1 8 8 0:52 I feel like being here with all of you.Spa 1 8 9 0:01 I would like to see it.Spa 1 8 9 0:14 I would like to make a reservation.Spa 1 8 9 0:49 How long do you plan on staying?Spa 1 8 9 1:14 to askSpa 1 8 9 1:23 I would like to ask you.Spa 1 8 9 2:05 I would ask you later.Spa 1 8 9 2:20 I will ask you later.

The w-ing tense (-aba, -ía) in Spanish expresses a straight line in the past. It is used for short and long periods in the past.

The w-ing tense also expresses a broken line in the past, such as 'I used to do it' or 'I did it very often / all the time'.

Spa 1 8 9 2:31 I am going to ask you later.

Spa 1 8 9 3:10 I am going to call you later to ask you if you can come see it with us tonight.Spa 1 8 9 3:45 I will call you later.

Spa 1 8 9 4:20Spa 1 8 10 0:01 At what time do we arrive tomorrow?

Spa 1 8 10 0:40Spa 1 8 10 1:17 I've just left.Spa 1 8 10 1:30 'acaba de' means 'he has just ...'.Spa 1 8 10 1:34 He has just left.

Spa 1 8 10 1:44Spa 1 8 10 2:11 I have just seen it.Spa 1 8 10 2:53 I have just arrived here two days ago.Spa 1 8 10 3:43 I have just arrived here two weeks ago.Spa 1 8 10 5:03 Conclusion.Spa 2 1 1 0:01 Introduction to the Advanced course.

Spa 2 1 1 1:51Spa 2 1 1 2:09 to buySpa 2 1 1 2:14 I am buying it.Spa 2 1 1 2:25 I don't buy it because it's very expensive.Spa 2 1 1 2:40 Why don't you buy it? (señor)Spa 2 1 1 3:04 Why aren't you buying it?Spa 2 1 1 3:18 There are two categories of verbs: -ar and not -ar.Spa 2 1 1 4:04 to understandSpa 2 1 1 4:08 I understandSpa 2 1 1 4:19 to understandSpa 2 1 1 4:23 I understand it.

Spa 2 1 1 4:30Spa 2 1 1 5:08 you understandSpa 2 1 1 5:15 Why don't you understand me?Spa 2 1 1 5:31 Why don't you understand me? (to Roberto/Roberta)Spa 2 1 1 5:46 Why don't you understand me? (to several people)Spa 2 1 1 6:04 They don't understand me.Spa 2 1 1 6:17 He is preparing it for me.Spa 2 1 2 0:01 He is (right now) preparing it for me.

Spa 2 1 2 0:45Spa 2 1 2 0:57 He is preparing it. (if you put the 'lo' up front)Spa 2 1 2 1:13 Why don't you do it?Spa 2 1 2 1:22 Why aren't you doing it? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 2 1:34 Why don't you do it? (all of you)Spa 2 1 2 1:45 He is doing it right now.Spa 2 1 2 2:18 He is leaving (right now).Spa 2 1 3 0:01 I don't understand what you are saying.Spa 2 1 3 0:44 to say / to tellSpa 2 1 3 1:10 They are telling me.Spa 2 1 3 1:41 Why don't you tell me? (to several people)Spa 2 1 3 1:55 Why don't you tell me? (to Roberto)Spa 2 1 3 2:18 We are telling you.Spa 2 1 3 2:43 Why don't you understand me?Spa 2 1 3 3:28 to startSpa 2 1 3 3:41 Why don't you start? (señor)

'para' means 'for', but in front of a verb it means 'in order to'. For example: 'in order to know' is 'para saber'.

'acabo de' + infinitive means 'I have just ...'. For example, 'I have just seen it' is 'acabo de verlo'.

'hace' (it makes) is also used for 'ago'. For example, 'acaba de salir hace diez minutos' is 'he has just left ten minutes ago'.

Review of the present tense. The key to the present tense is to stress the syllable before last.

If you push down on an 'e' it splits, or 'caves in', to 'ie': entender - entiendo. 'comprender' does not split because it's held up by 'pr' and 'nd'.

Spanish -ing tense: -ando is the -ing on the -ar track and -iendo is the -ing on the other track.

Spa 2 1 3 4:08 Why don't you start? (to several people)Spa 2 1 3 4:40 I am starting now.Spa 2 1 3 4:48 Why don't you start? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 3 5:04 Why don't you start? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 3 5:24 I am not buying it.Spa 2 1 3 5:30 Why don't you buy it? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 3 5:44 Why don't you all buy it?Spa 2 1 3 5:54 We are buying it.

Spa 2 1 4 0:01Spa 2 1 4 1:25 You are not buying the house. / He is not buying the house.Spa 2 1 4 1:39 Buy the house!Spa 2 1 4 1:53 Don't buy it!Spa 2 1 4 2:03 Don't buy it! (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 2:10 Don't buy it! (to a couple)

Spa 2 1 4 2:23 In the positive command, the pronoun (the 'lo' etc.) is hooked on to the verb.Spa 2 1 4 2:39 Buy it!Spa 2 1 4 3:07 Buy it! (to several people)Spa 2 1 4 3:17 Don't buy them! (to several people)Spa 2 1 4 3:35 Don't buy them! (to Roberto)

Spa 2 1 4 3:55Spa 2 1 4 4:17 Buy it! (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 4:26 to callSpa 2 1 4 4:37 I am calling you.Spa 2 1 4 4:48 I am calling you. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 4:57 He is calling me.Spa 2 1 4 5:05 Why don't you call me? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 5:16 Why don't you all call me?Spa 2 1 4 5:26 We are calling you.Spa 2 1 4 5:37 We are calling you. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 5:51 Call me tomorrow.Spa 2 1 4 6:04 Don't call me today!Spa 2 1 4 6:31 Don't call me today. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 4 7:14 Call me!Spa 2 1 4 7:30 Call me! (to señor/señora/señorita)Spa 2 1 5 0:01 go-go verbs have -go in the present tense for 'I'.Spa 2 1 5 0:15 to haveSpa 2 1 5 0:24 you haveSpa 2 1 5 0:46 We don't have it.Spa 2 1 5 1:10 I haveSpa 2 1 5 1:13 I have it.Spa 2 1 5 1:17 I don't have it.Spa 2 1 5 1:25 I have to / I mustSpa 2 1 5 1:33 I have to see it.Spa 2 1 5 1:56 you say / you tellSpa 2 1 5 2:03 I tellSpa 2 1 5 2:15 I am telling you. (señor)Spa 2 1 5 2:23 I am telling you. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 5 2:29 Why don't you tell me? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 5 2:38 Why don't you tell me? (to a couple)Spa 2 1 5 3:08 to comeSpa 2 1 5 3:16 'v' and 'b' have the same sound, pronounced with your lips.Spa 2 1 5 3:24 She is coming with us.Spa 2 1 5 3:43 we are coming

The key sounds for the present tense are: 'a' on the -ar track and 'e' on the -er/-ir track. If you switch tracks (from 'a' to 'e' and 'e' to 'a'), you are in the command tense (the imperative).

In the positive command to Roberto, you don't switch tracks, you just drop the 's'.

Spa 2 1 5 3:54 I am comingSpa 2 1 5 4:20 to do / to makeSpa 2 1 5 4:25 What are you doing?Spa 2 1 6 0:01 to knowSpa 2 1 6 0:07 Do you know it?Spa 2 1 6 0:15 Do you know it? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 6 0:26 Why don't you know it? (to several people)Spa 2 1 6 0:37 We know it.Spa 2 1 6 0:44 I knowSpa 2 1 6 0:52 I know it.Spa 2 1 6 0:58 I don't know it.

Spa 2 1 6 1:05Spa 2 1 6 1:25 to know somebodySpa 2 1 6 1:50 I knowSpa 2 1 6 2:01 I don't know him.Spa 2 1 6 2:14 I don't know her.Spa 2 1 7 0:01 Do you know Pedro?Spa 2 1 7 0:10 Use of the personal 'a'Spa 2 1 7 0:35 Do you know my friend?Spa 2 1 7 0:47 Do you know Madrid?Spa 2 1 7 0:52 I don't know him.Spa 2 1 7 1:02 I don't know it.Spa 2 1 8 0:01 go-go verbsSpa 2 1 8 0:14 I am saying / I am tellingSpa 2 1 8 0:20 I am doing / I am makingSpa 2 1 8 0:30 I am doing it.Spa 2 1 8 0:36 I have it.Spa 2 1 8 0:44 I am telling you. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 8 0:55 I am comingSpa 2 1 8 1:03 to leaveSpa 2 1 8 1:08 I am leavingSpa 2 1 8 1:11 I am leaving tomorrow.Spa 2 1 8 1:19 At what time are you leaving?Spa 2 1 8 1:50 to putSpa 2 1 8 1:57 I am puttingSpa 2 1 8 2:02 I am putting it here.Spa 2 1 8 2:09 Where are you putting it?Spa 2 1 8 2:21 Why don't you put it here? (Roberto)

Spa 2 1 8 2:38Spa 2 1 8 2:59 I supposeSpa 2 1 8 3:08 to bringSpa 2 1 8 3:26 I am bringing it.Spa 2 1 8 3:37 to hearSpa 2 1 8 3:46 I am hearingSpa 2 1 9 0:01 All the go-go verbs change to ga-ga in the command tense.Spa 2 1 9 0:19 Come with me!Spa 2 1 9 0:29 Don't leave!Spa 2 1 9 0:38 Don't leave! (Roberto)Spa 2 1 9 0:49 Don't leave! (to several people)Spa 2 1 9 1:04 Tell me!Spa 2 1 9 1:10 Don't tell me!Spa 2 1 9 1:17 Tell it to me!Spa 2 1 9 1:20 Whenever you have two pronouns, the personal one comes first.Spa 2 1 9 2:06 Don't tell it to me!Spa 2 1 9 2:17 Tell it to him!

In Spanish, there are two verbs for 'to know'. One is for general knowledge (saber), the other is for acquaintance with a person or place (conocer).

Verbs containing 'poner' correspond to English verbs with -pose: componer (to compose), oponer (to oppose), suponer (to suppose)

Spa 2 1 9 2:53 Don't tell it to him, tell it to me.Spa 2 1 9 3:21 Don't do it!Spa 2 1 9 3:44 Don't do it! (Roberto)Spa 2 1 9 3:56 Don't do it! (all of you)Spa 2 1 9 4:07 Do it! (all of you)Spa 2 1 9 4:46 I want to do it.Spa 2 1 9 4:51 I can do it.Spa 2 1 9 5:00 I cannot do it.Spa 2 1 9 5:07 I am doing it. (I am right now in the process of doing it.)Spa 2 1 9 5:47 Do it!Spa 2 1 9 6:17 I am not doing it.Spa 2 1 9 6:39 Why don't you do it? (Roberto)Spa 2 1 9 6:50 Why don't you all do it?Spa 2 1 9 7:19 Don't do it now.Spa 2 1 9 7:45 Don't put it there.Spa 2 1 9 7:56 Bring it.Spa 2 1 9 8:12 Bring me something.Spa 2 1 9 8:22 Bring it to me.Spa 2 1 9 8:33 Don't bring it to me today because I don't need it today.Spa 2 1 9 9:26 I hear it.Spa 2 1 9 9:38 Hear it!Spa 2 1 9 9:46 Tell it to me, don't tell it to him.Spa 2 1 9 11:59 But don't tell it to him today.

Spa 2 1 10 0:01Spa 2 1 10 1:15 Tell it to me.Spa 2 1 10 1:24 Don't tell it to me. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 1:36 Don't tell it to me. (to several people)Spa 2 1 10 2:02 Tell it to me. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 2:13 Come with me. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 2:29 Have it.Spa 2 1 10 2:47 Put it here. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 2:58 Don't put it there, put it here. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 3:44 Don't leave. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 10 3:57 Don't leave. (all of you)

Spa 2 1 11 0:01

Spa 2 1 12 0:01Spa 2 1 12 1:56 It is important that you be here.Spa 2 1 12 3:02 It is important that you call me.Spa 2 1 12 3:28 It is important that you all call me.Spa 2 1 12 3:47 It is very important for you (Roberta) to call me later.Spa 2 1 12 4:21 It is not necessary that you wait for me.Spa 2 1 12 5:00 to write

Spa 2 1 13 0:01Spa 2 1 13 0:24 to studySpa 2 1 13 1:12 Why don't you write to me?Spa 2 1 13 1:31 Write to me!Spa 2 1 13 1:50 Because it's very important that you write to me.

Spa 2 1 14 0:01Spa 2 1 14 0:34 I love you. (I want you.)Spa 2 1 15 0:01 What do you want me to write to him?

With the go-go verbs in the positive command to Roberto, you drop the -go altogether.

How and when to use the subjunctive (command tense). The command tense has the same 'push' as the present tense. It's rarely used in English. In the sentence 'it is important that you be here', 'be' is subjunctive.

The subjunctive is used quite a lot in Spanish. To form the subjunctive you just switch tracks, from 'a' to 'e' and from 'e' to 'a'. It is used to express doubt or uncertainty.

Words in Spanish never start with 'sc', 'st' or 'sp'. There's always an 'e' at the beginning: 'esc', 'est', 'esp'

In Spanish, you cannot say 'I want you to write to me'. You have to say 'I want that you write to me'.

Spa 2 1 15 1:11 I want you to do it.Spa 2 1 15 1:30 I want you to do it. (Roberto)Spa 2 1 15 1:43 I want all of you to do it. (to several people)Spa 2 1 15 2:01 What do you want me to do?Spa 2 1 15 2:29 Why don't you want me to tell it to him?Spa 2 1 15 3:34 I think that he can do it.Spa 2 1 15 4:19 I don't think he can do it.Spa 2 1 15 4:48 I want you to call me later.Spa 2 1 15 5:03 I want you to write to me.Spa 2 1 15 5:19 He wants me to send it to him.Spa 2 2 1 0:05 Review of the future tenseSpa 2 2 1 1:47 I will buy it.Spa 2 2 1 2:08 We will buy it.Spa 2 2 1 2:27 He will buy it.Spa 2 2 1 2:35 They will buy it.Spa 2 2 1 2:41 You will buy it. (Roberto)Spa 2 2 1 2:47 I will write to you.Spa 2 2 1 3:28 He will write to you.Spa 2 2 1 3:36 We will write to you.Spa 2 2 1 3:52 You will write to me.Spa 2 2 1 4:07 You will write to me. (Roberto)Spa 2 2 1 4:18 They won't write to me.Spa 2 2 1 4:28 to takeSpa 2 2 1 4:34 I won't take it.Spa 2 2 1 4:43 We will take it.Spa 2 2 1 4:51 They won't take it.

Spa 2 2 2 0:01 To form the future of the go-go verbs: add a 'd' before the usual future endings.Spa 2 2 2 0:47 I will haveSpa 2 2 2 1:00 I will leaveSpa 2 2 2 1:05 we will leaveSpa 2 2 2 1:08 they will leaveSpa 2 2 2 1:12 you will leave (Roberto)Spa 2 2 2 1:21 I will comeSpa 2 2 2 1:26 we will comeSpa 2 2 2 1:30 you will come (Roberto)Spa 2 2 2 1:38 to sellSpa 2 2 2 1:44 I will sellSpa 2 2 2 1:48 I will sell it.Spa 2 2 2 2:16 I will putSpa 2 2 2 2:19 I won't put it here.

Spa 2 2 3 0:01Spa 2 2 3 0:20 I will call you tomorrow.Spa 2 2 3 1:47 I call you tomorrow.Spa 2 2 3 2:04 I call you tomorrow. (Roberto)Spa 2 2 3 2:13 to stay / to remain oneselfSpa 2 2 3 2:25 I am stayingSpa 2 2 3 2:35 we are stayingSpa 2 2 3 2:44 he is stayingSpa 2 2 3 2:54 they are stayingSpa 2 2 3 3:00 you are staying (Roberto)Spa 2 2 3 3:14 I am going to stay.Spa 2 2 3 3:31 I want to know how long you are going to stay.Spa 2 2 3 3:57 I will stay here a few days.Spa 2 2 4 0:01 'decir' and 'hacer' in the future tense

There are three ways to express the future tense in Spanish: I will call you tomorrow (Le llamaré mañana), I'm going to call you tomorrow (Voy a llamarle mañana), I call you tomorrow (Le llamo mañana)

Spa 2 2 4 0:46 I will tellSpa 2 2 4 0:54 I will doSpa 2 2 4 1:05 I won't do it.Spa 2 2 4 1:13 I will tell you later why we won't do it.Spa 2 2 4 1:51 He won't tell me.Spa 2 2 4 2:07 He won't tell me why he won't do it.Spa 2 2 5 0:49 Make a reservation.Spa 2 2 5 0:59 Make a reservation. (Roberto)Spa 2 2 5 2:03 Do it.

Spa 2 2 6 0:01Spa 2 2 6 0:06 riverSpa 2 2 6 0:46 I would leaveSpa 2 2 6 1:03 we would leaveSpa 2 2 6 1:37 He would do it.Spa 2 2 6 2:00 I wouldn't do it.Spa 2 2 6 2:06 They wouldn't do it.Spa 2 2 6 2:12 We wouldn't do it.Spa 2 2 6 2:29 I wouldn't tell you why we wouldn't do it.Spa 2 2 6 3:09 to waitSpa 2 2 6 4:05 he will waitSpa 2 2 6 4:12 he wouldn't waitSpa 2 2 6 4:26 to prepareSpa 2 2 6 4:35 I will prepare it.Spa 2 2 6 5:04 He wouldn't prepare it.Spa 2 2 6 5:31 I likeSpa 2 2 6 5:42 I like to see it.Spa 2 2 6 5:49 I don't like to do it.Spa 2 2 6 6:00 I would like to see it.Spa 2 2 6 6:17 I would like to see you.Spa 2 2 7 0:06 I have spoken

Spa 2 2 7 0:16Spa 2 2 7 2:04 I have boughtSpa 2 2 7 2:15 I have bought it.Spa 2 2 7 2:22 We have bought it.Spa 2 2 7 2:31 They have bought it.Spa 2 2 7 2:41 He has sold it.Spa 2 2 7 2:51 we have eatenSpa 2 2 7 3:00 he has leftSpa 2 2 8 0:04 The simple past (without diving): 'I bought it' instead of 'I have bought it'Spa 2 2 8 0:27 I spokeSpa 2 2 8 0:32 In the simple past, the stress is on the last syllable: 'past is last'.Spa 2 2 8 1:07 I took it.Spa 2 2 8 1:14 I calledSpa 2 2 8 1:22 I acceptedSpa 2 2 8 1:31 I didn't accept it.Spa 2 2 8 1:37 I bought it.Spa 2 2 8 3:02 I waitedSpa 2 2 8 3:08 I will waitSpa 2 2 8 3:46 He spoke / you spoke / she spokeSpa 2 2 8 4:05 I speakSpa 2 2 8 4:23 I am buying it.Spa 2 2 8 4:35 He bought it.

To go into the 'woulds' you use 'ría'. The same 'r' that you hit for 'will', you also hit for 'would'.

For the past tense with 'have', as in 'I have spoken', use 'haber' (the diving board from which you dive into the past). For -ar verbs you dive into -ado, but if it is not an -ar verb you dive into -ido. The endings for 'haber' are like the endings for 'will' (-ré, -remos, -rá, -rán, -rás), but you replace the 'r' with 'h': he, hemos, ha, han, has.

Spa 2 2 8 4:59 I soldSpa 2 2 8 5:23 I leftSpa 2 2 8 5:29 she left / you leftSpa 2 2 8 5:33 I understoodSpa 2 2 8 5:36 he understood / you understoodSpa 2 2 9 0:01 Endings for the simple past (-é and -ó, and -í and -ió)Spa 2 2 9 0:40 He sold itSpa 2 2 9 0:46 I didn't sell it.Spa 2 2 9 1:11 Why didn't you buy it? (señor)Spa 2 2 9 1:21 Why did you sell it?Spa 2 2 9 1:52 Why didn't you sell it?Spa 2 2 9 2:06 to loseSpa 2 2 9 2:10 I lost it.Spa 2 2 9 2:18 When did you lose it?Spa 2 2 9 2:24 At what time did you leave?Spa 2 2 9 2:32 When did you arrive?Spa 2 2 9 2:42 I called you yesterday.Spa 2 2 9 3:07 YesterdaySpa 2 2 9 3:16 last nightSpa 2 2 9 3:26 He called me last night.Spa 2 2 9 3:44 I call myselfSpa 2 2 9 4:38 He called you.Spa 2 2 9 5:39 to startSpa 2 2 9 5:45 I startedSpa 2 2 9 5:50 At what time did you start?Spa 2 2 9 6:34 At what time are you leaving? (all of you)Spa 2 2 9 6:43 At what time did you leave? (señor)Spa 2 2 9 6:52 I didn't eat.Spa 2 2 9 6:59 Why didn't you eat?Spa 2 2 9 7:21 I called you this morning.Spa 2 2 9 7:44 At what time did you call me?Spa 2 2 9 8:23 He is calling you.Spa 2 2 9 8:32 He called me.Spa 2 2 9 8:52 Why didn't you call me?Spa 2 2 9 9:03 I wrote to you.Spa 2 2 9 9:15 He wrote to me.Spa 2 2 9 9:26 Why didn't you write to me?Spa 2 2 9 9:41 I saw it.Spa 2 2 9 10:03 I didn't see it.Spa 2 2 9 10:08 Did you see it?Spa 2 2 9 10:17 I didn't understand it.

Spa 2 2 10 0:01 For 'they' and 'you all' the ending for the simple past on the -ar track is -aron.Spa 2 2 10 0:27 they spokeSpa 2 2 10 0:35 They called me.Spa 2 2 10 0:46 At what time did you call me? (to a couple)Spa 2 2 10 0:59 they arrivedSpa 2 2 10 1:08 At what time did you arrive? (to a couple/several people)Spa 2 2 11 0:01 I arrived here two hours ago.Spa 2 2 11 0:13 For 'ago' you say 'it makes': haceSpa 2 2 12 0:01 They didn't arrive yet. (They still didn't arrive.)

Spa 2 2 12 0:33 For 'they' and 'you all' the ending for the simple past on the -er/-ir track is -ieron.Spa 2 2 12 1:00 they leftSpa 2 2 12 1:06 At what time did you leave? (to several people)Spa 2 2 12 1:17 they didn't eatSpa 2 2 12 1:26 They wrote to me.

Spa 2 2 12 1:38 They spoke to me.Spa 2 2 12 2:07 I am not stayingSpa 2 2 12 2:14 I stayedSpa 2 2 12 2:31 he stayedSpa 2 2 12 2:44 he didn't staySpa 2 2 12 2:50 they stayed

Spa 2 2 13 0:01Spa 2 2 13 0:23 you spoke (Roberto)Spa 2 2 13 0:38 At what time did you call me? (Roberto)Spa 2 2 13 1:06 Why didn't you call me? (Roberto)

Spa 2 2 13 1:19Spa 2 2 13 1:30 At what time did you leave? (Roberto)Spa 2 2 13 1:42 Why didn't you sell it? (Roberto)Spa 2 2 13 1:57 Why didn't you sell it? (señorita)Spa 2 2 13 2:11 Why didn't you sell it? (to several people)Spa 2 2 13 2:29 They sold it.Spa 2 2 13 2:55 He didn't buy it.Spa 2 2 13 3:10 They bought it.

Spa 2 2 14 0:01Spa 2 2 14 0:22 we spokeSpa 2 2 14 0:40 we speakSpa 2 2 14 1:06 we are arriving / we arriveSpa 2 2 14 1:19 we arrivedSpa 2 2 14 1:30 We arrived yesterday.Spa 2 2 14 1:42 We arrive tomorrow.Spa 2 2 14 2:01 you left (Roberto)Spa 2 2 14 2:10 we leftSpa 2 2 14 2:21 we leave / we are leaving

Spa 2 2 14 2:34Spa 2 2 14 2:50 we soldSpa 2 2 14 3:15 we are sellingSpa 2 2 14 3:32 we eat / we are eatingSpa 2 2 14 3:38 we ate

Spa 2 2 15 0:01Spa 2 2 15 1:39 I did / I madeSpa 2 2 15 2:26 I did it.Spa 2 2 15 2:32 He did it.Spa 2 2 15 2:40 He didn't do it.Spa 2 2 15 2:45 Why didn't you do it?Spa 2 2 15 2:53 I didn't do it.Spa 2 2 15 3:19 He made a reservation for us.Spa 2 2 15 4:06 I toldSpa 2 2 15 4:35 I told you.Spa 2 2 15 4:41 He told me.Spa 2 2 15 4:48 He told me that he didn't do it.Spa 2 2 15 6:00 Why didn't you tell me?Spa 2 2 15 6:13 Why didn't you tell it to me?Spa 2 2 15 6:34 Why didn't you tell it to him?Spa 2 2 15 7:52 I put (past)Spa 2 2 15 8:14 he putSpa 2 2 15 8:25 Where did you put it?Spa 2 2 16 0:01 to be able

For 'you, Roberto/Roberta' the ending for the simple past on the -ar track is -aste.

For 'you, Roberto/Roberta' the ending for the simple past on the -er/-ir track is -iste.

For 'we' the ending for the simple past is just -mos. So for -ar and -ir verbs the simple past is the same as the present.

For 'we' in the past you either have -amos or -imos. For -er verbs you use -imos, so there is a difference between the simple past and the present.

go-go verbs in the past all follow the same pattern, which is different from other verbs. They don't follow the 'past is last' rule.

Spa 2 2 16 0:41 I couldn't do it.Spa 2 2 16 1:09 He couldn't do it.Spa 2 2 16 1:36 I couldSpa 2 2 16 1:50 to wantSpa 2 2 16 1:56 I wantedSpa 2 2 16 2:08 I wanted it.Spa 2 2 16 2:13 He wanted it.Spa 2 2 16 2:47 wineSpa 2 2 16 2:58 he cameSpa 2 2 16 3:02 He came with wine.Spa 2 2 16 3:15 I cameSpa 2 2 16 3:37 I hadSpa 2 2 16 4:15 he hadSpa 2 2 16 4:35 I wasSpa 2 2 16 4:48 he wasSpa 2 2 16 6:03 they putSpa 2 2 16 6:08 you put (Roberto)Spa 2 2 16 6:15 we putSpa 2 2 16 6:33 they didSpa 2 2 16 6:40 you did (Roberto)Spa 2 2 16 6:45 we didSpa 2 2 16 7:04 you came (Roberto)Spa 2 2 16 7:08 we cameSpa 2 2 16 9:59 they cameSpa 2 3 1 0:13 they couldSpa 2 3 1 0:18 we couldSpa 2 3 1 0:23 you could (Roberto)Spa 2 3 1 0:28 he couldn'tSpa 2 3 1 0:45 They told me.Spa 2 3 1 1:40 Why didn't you tell me? (to a couple)Spa 2 3 1 1:53 They didn't tell me.Spa 2 3 1 1:59 They came with me.Spa 2 3 1 2:08 They didn't have it.Spa 2 3 1 2:35 He didn't want it.Spa 2 3 1 2:44 They wanted it.Spa 2 3 1 2:54 You wanted it. (Roberto)Spa 2 3 1 3:06 We didn't want it.Spa 2 3 2 0:01 Review of the 'diving' pastSpa 2 3 2 0:41 I have bought it.Spa 2 3 2 1:12 I have not bought it.Spa 2 3 2 1:56 Where have you bought it? (Roberto)Spa 2 3 2 2:34 Where did you buy it?Spa 2 3 2 3:38 He has not sold it.Spa 2 3 3 0:01 He would buy it.Spa 2 3 3 0:16 I wouldn't buy it.Spa 2 3 3 0:32 They wouldn't buy it.Spa 2 3 3 1:18 You wouldn't buy it. (Roberto)Spa 2 3 3 1:28 We wouldn't buy it.Spa 2 3 4 0:01 go-go verbs with 'will' and 'would'Spa 2 3 4 0:46 He won't leave.Spa 2 3 4 0:52 He wouldn't leave.Spa 2 3 4 1:01 We won't leave.Spa 2 3 4 1:24 We would not leave.Spa 2 3 4 1:41 I would put it here.Spa 2 3 4 2:30 We will put it here.Spa 2 3 4 2:39 We wouldn't put it here.Spa 2 3 4 2:54 He wouldn't come with us.

Spa 2 3 4 3:07 He wouldn't sell it.Spa 2 3 4 3:33 He would come here with us and he would sell it.Spa 2 3 5 0:01 'hacer' and 'decir' with 'will' and 'would'Spa 2 3 5 0:31 I will do it.Spa 2 3 5 0:55 We wouldn't do it.Spa 2 3 5 1:06 We won't do it.Spa 2 3 5 1:21 I will tell you later.Spa 2 3 5 1:42 He wouldn't tell me.Spa 2 3 5 2:04 We wouldn't tell you.Spa 2 3 5 2:27 I will have it for you.Spa 2 3 6 0:01 to goSpa 2 3 6 0:23 I am going to do it.Spa 2 3 6 0:54 He is going to do it.Spa 2 3 6 0:59 They are going to do it.Spa 2 3 6 1:07 We are going to do it.Spa 2 3 6 1:27 I will go.Spa 2 3 6 1:33 I will go toSpa 2 3 6 1:38 I will go to see it.Spa 2 3 6 1:44 I wouldn't go.Spa 2 3 6 1:52 We wouldn't go.Spa 2 3 7 0:06 I will be able to do it.Spa 2 3 7 0:26 He won't be able to do it.Spa 2 3 7 0:43 He wouldn't be able to do it.Spa 2 3 8 0:01 'can you ...?' vs. 'could you ...?' for polite requestsSpa 2 3 8 0:54 Can you tell me / Will you tell meSpa 2 3 8 1:05 Can you tell me/ Will you tell me where it is.Spa 2 3 8 1:21 Could you tell me where it is?Spa 2 3 8 1:46 Could you come with me?Spa 2 3 8 2:01 Can you wait for me? / Will you wait for me.Spa 2 3 8 2:24 Could you wait for me?Spa 2 3 9 0:01 Use of 'deber'Spa 2 3 9 1:35 I must do it now.Spa 2 3 9 1:44 You must do it.Spa 2 3 9 1:57 I have to do it.Spa 2 3 9 2:35 How much is it?Spa 2 3 9 2:46 How much does it cost?Spa 2 3 9 2:55 How much do I owe?Spa 2 3 9 3:16 I will have to do it.Spa 2 3 9 3:43 I will have to do it. (from deber)Spa 2 3 9 3:55 I would have to do it.Spa 2 3 9 4:35 You should tell me. (Roberto)Spa 2 3 10 0:13 I have sold it.Spa 2 3 10 0:25 I would have sold it.Spa 2 3 10 1:22 I wouldn't have sold it.Spa 2 3 11 0:01 'diving' forms: some verbs that don't dive into -ado and -idoSpa 2 3 11 0:38 made in SpainSpa 2 3 11 1:06 I have done it.Spa 2 3 11 1:26 I haven't done it.Spa 2 3 11 1:34 I wouldn't have done it.Spa 2 3 11 2:14 I have told you.Spa 2 3 11 2:36 He has told me.Spa 2 3 11 2:43 I would have told you.Spa 2 3 11 2:58 to seeSpa 2 3 11 3:03 seenSpa 2 3 11 3:18 I haven't seen it.Spa 2 3 11 3:34 We would have seen it.Spa 2 3 11 3:46 I would have gone (with you).

Spa 2 3 11 4:49 It would have been possible.Spa 2 3 11 5:11 It wouldn't have been possible that way.Spa 2 3 12 0:23 I am doing it.Spa 2 3 12 0:38 I am doing it every day.

Spa 2 3 12 1:07Spa 2 3 12 1:36 I was speakingSpa 2 3 12 1:43 he was speakingSpa 2 3 12 1:49 she was speakingSpa 2 3 12 1:58 you were speaking (señor)Spa 2 3 12 2:02 they were speakingSpa 2 3 12 2:44 they were callingSpa 2 3 12 3:02 they were buyingSpa 2 3 12 3:10 they were sellingSpa 2 3 12 3:21 They were doing it.Spa 2 3 12 3:29 They were telling me.Spa 2 3 12 3:39 We were telling you.Spa 2 3 12 3:51 We were doing it.Spa 2 3 13 0:14 I was goingSpa 2 3 13 0:58 I was going to do it.Spa 2 3 13 1:19 I was not going to tell you that I was going to do it.Spa 2 3 13 2:09 He was going to be here.Spa 2 3 13 2:58 You have not told me that you were going to arrive today.Spa 2 3 13 3:26 I would have waited for you.Spa 2 3 14 1:07 He told me. / You told me.Spa 2 3 14 1:16 You didn't tell me.Spa 2 3 14 1:25 You didn't tell me. (Roberta)Spa 2 3 15 0:01 Simple past forms: tener - tuve, estar - estuve, haber - hubeSpa 2 3 16 0:01 Simple past forms: hacer - hice/hizo/hicieron/hiciste/hicimosSpa 2 3 16 1:15 they hadSpa 2 3 16 1:27 you had (Roberto)Spa 2 3 16 1:30 we hadSpa 2 3 16 1:46 they saidSpa 2 3 16 2:21 We told you.Spa 2 3 16 2:34 You didn't tell me that you were going to arrive today.Spa 2 3 16 3:01 You didn't tell me that you were going to arrive today. (Roberta)Spa 2 3 16 3:32 I would have waited for you.Spa 2 3 16 3:51 I would have waited for you. (Roberta)Spa 2 3 17 0:11 I was waitingSpa 2 3 17 0:22 I was waiting for you. (I was awaiting you.)Spa 2 3 17 0:29 I was awaiting you. (Roberto)Spa 2 3 17 0:35 He was waiting for me.Spa 2 3 17 0:46 How to identify the w-ing tenseSpa 2 3 17 1:57 He was doing it.Spa 2 3 17 2:21 I was telling you.

Spa 2 3 17 2:30Spa 2 3 17 4:40 He did it every day.Spa 2 3 17 4:55 he is speakingSpa 2 3 17 6:41 he spokeSpa 2 3 17 7:02 he spoke (very often / every day)Spa 2 3 18 1:02 He did it this morning.Spa 2 3 18 2:20 He told me every day.Spa 2 3 18 2:36 He put it here.Spa 2 3 18 2:51 He put it here every day.Spa 2 3 18 3:34 I cannot see it.

In Spanish, the past with -ing is expressed with -aba on the -ar track and with -ía on the other track.

The w-ing tense is used more in Spanish than in English. It expresses a line in the past. It could be a straight line (I was doing it) or a broken line (I used to do it).

Spa 2 3 18 3:42 I don't know where it is.Spa 2 3 18 4:07 He put it here this morning.Spa 2 3 18 4:56 He was telling me.Spa 2 3 19 0:01 Use of the simple ('dot') past for 'saber'Spa 2 3 19 1:04 I knew / I found outSpa 2 3 19 1:10 he knewSpa 2 3 19 1:13 they knewSpa 2 3 19 1:18 you knew (Roberto)Spa 2 3 19 1:23 we knewSpa 2 3 19 1:36 Use of the simple ('dot') past for 'ir'Spa 2 3 19 2:11 I wentSpa 2 3 19 2:26 I went to see it last night.Spa 2 3 19 2:47 He went to see it.Spa 2 3 19 3:02 they wentSpa 2 3 19 3:19 he wentSpa 2 3 19 3:26 you went (Roberto)Spa 2 3 19 3:29 we wentSpa 2 3 19 3:34 We went to see it.Spa 2 3 20 0:01 'ser' (to be) has the same simple ('dot') past form as 'ir'.Spa 2 3 20 0:40 It was possible.Spa 2 3 20 0:58 was (in the w-ing)Spa 2 3 20 2:13 was (in the 'dot' past)

Spa 2 3 21 0:01Spa 2 3 21 1:49 I used to knowSpa 2 3 21 2:18 I didn't know you were going to arrive today.Spa 2 3 21 3:24 I didn't have the time.Spa 2 3 21 3:36 I was very busy.

Spa 2 3 22 0:01 It is in the nature of some verbs that their past tense is usually a 'line' (querer)Spa 2 3 22 0:12 I wantedSpa 2 3 22 0:56 I wanted to do it.Spa 2 3 22 1:11 I would want

Spa 2 4 1 0:06Spa 2 4 1 0:50 He wanted to do it.Spa 2 4 1 1:03 They wanted to do it.Spa 2 4 2 0:30 I might wantSpa 2 4 2 2:26 I would like to do it.Spa 2 4 2 2:38 I would want to do it.Spa 2 4 2 3:47 I would like to do it.Spa 2 4 3 0:12 I could do it.

Spa 2 4 3 0:34Spa 2 4 3 3:40 Will you please ...

Spa 2 4 4 0:01Spa 2 4 4 0:05 You have to wait here.Spa 2 4 4 0:26 You have to wait for me.Spa 2 4 4 0:44 You don't have to wait.Spa 2 4 4 1:34 You must not wait.Spa 2 4 4 3:58 I needSpa 2 4 4 4:27 You don't need to wait.Spa 2 4 5 1:10 I wanted to see it.

It is in the nature of some verbs to express a 'line' in the past (saber, tener, estar).

'I would want' is also used for 'I would like'. 'me gustaría' or ' quisiera' are often used instead of 'querría'.

It is important to have a sharpened awareness of your own language: 'will you tell me' does not express the future tense in English, it's a polite request.

Another example of the importance of having a sharpened awareness of your own language: 'you don't have to wait' does not mean 'you must not wait', so it's not 'no tiene que esperar' but 'no es necesario que espere'.

Spa 2 4 5 1:13Spa 2 4 5 3:00 would be ableSpa 2 4 5 3:59 Could you tell me?Spa 2 4 5 5:08 I couldn't see it.Spa 2 4 5 6:00 I couldn't do it.

Spa 2 4 6 0:01Spa 2 4 6 1:55 if I knewSpa 2 4 6 2:07 If I had the time, I would do it.Spa 2 4 6 3:34 if I were thereSpa 2 4 6 4:05 I would tell youSpa 2 4 6 4:42 I was havingSpa 2 4 7 0:40 I had sold it.Spa 2 4 7 2:36 they hadSpa 2 4 7 2:44 if I had sold itSpa 2 4 7 3:38 if I had seen itSpa 2 4 7 3:56 I would have bought it.Spa 2 4 7 4:41 If I had known it, I would have told you.Spa 2 4 8 1:09 I might do itSpa 2 4 8 1:43 If I knew it, I would tell you.Spa 2 4 9 0:01 'would' and 'would have'Spa 2 4 9 1:14 I would do it.Spa 2 4 9 3:05 I would buy it.Spa 2 4 9 3:26 I would have bought it.Spa 2 4 10 0:01 I was buying it.Spa 2 4 10 0:25 He was selling it.Spa 2 4 10 2:21 He has sold it.Spa 2 4 10 2:34 We have sold it.Spa 2 4 10 2:42 They have sold it.Spa 2 4 10 2:53 They were selling it.Spa 2 4 10 3:33 if I sold itSpa 2 4 10 4:56 I might have sold it.Spa 2 4 10 5:29 if I had been there last nightSpa 2 4 10 7:01 I would have seen it.Spa 2 4 10 7:13 And I would have bought it.Spa 2 4 10 7:32 I might have bought it.Spa 2 4 11 0:24 I don't think that he may come.Spa 2 4 11 0:46 I am not sure.Spa 2 4 11 0:55 (at that moment) I wasn't sure.Spa 2 4 11 1:03 (a line) I wasn't sure.Spa 2 4 11 1:23 I didn't know that he might come.Spa 2 4 12 0:01 The expression 'ojalá' is used with the subjunctive.Spa 2 4 12 0:36 I hope thatSpa 2 4 12 0:41 Hopefully (that) he may come.Spa 2 4 13 0:01 Review of 'poder' in the pastSpa 2 4 13 0:41 to look forSpa 2 4 13 0:49 I was looking for it.Spa 2 4 13 1:10 I lost it and I was looking for it but I couldn't find it.Spa 2 4 14 1:18 I had bought it.Spa 2 4 14 1:50 if you had called me last nightSpa 2 4 14 2:05 and if you had told meSpa 2 4 14 2:34 that you were going to arrive todaySpa 2 4 15 0:01 Exceptions in the w-ing tense: iba (ir), era (ser), veía (ver)Spa 2 4 15 0:48 I would have waited for you.Spa 2 4 15 1:04 I would have made a reservation.Spa 2 4 15 1:20 We would have dined.

'could' in English means both 'was able' and 'would be able'. 'podría' is 'could' if it is not clearly in the past.

Formation of the past subjunctive from the 'they' form of the simple past (-aron and -ieron). The past subjunctive is used after 'if'.

Spa 2 4 15 1:34 We would have gone to see it.Spa 2 4 15 1:59 It would have been very interesting.Spa 2 4 16 0:01 If I had known it, I would have done it.Spa 2 4 16 1:09 I might have done it.Spa 2 4 16 2:37 I wouldn't have been able to do it.Spa 2 4 17 0:01 would have to (should)Spa 2 4 17 1:09 could haveSpa 2 4 17 1:18 should haveSpa 2 4 17 2:33 You should have told me.Spa 2 4 17 2:42 You could have told me.Spa 2 4 17 2:48 He would have told me.Spa 2 4 17 4:02 You should have done it.Spa 2 4 17 4:39 He would tell me.Spa 2 4 18 0:01 Advice on reading in Spanish.

German Review Ttrack TtracknrN 1 1

N 1 2

N 2 1posible Y 2 2probable Y 2 3es Y 2 4Es posible. Y 2 5Es probable. Y 2 6Es terrible. Y 2 7Es aceptable. Y 2 8para mí Y 2 9para usted Y 2 10Es para mí. Y 2 11

N 2 12No es. Y 2 13No es para usted. Y 2 14No es para usted, es para mí. Y 2 15No es posible para mí. Y 2 16Es posible para usted. Y 2 17Es aceptable para mí. Y 2 18

N 3 1Es aceptable para usted. Y 3 2¿Es aceptable para usted? Y 3 3¿No es aceptable para usted? Y 3 4¿por qué? Y 3 5¿Por qué no es aceptable para usted? Y 3 6

N 3 7así Y 3 8Es así. Y 3 9No es así. Y 3 10No es posible así. Y 3 11No es aceptable para mí así. Y 3 12¿Por qué no es aceptable para usted así? Y 3 13

N 3 14lo siento Y 3 15Lo siento, pero... Y 3 16Lo siento, pero no es aceptable para mí así. Y 3 17Lo siento, pero no es posible así. N 3 18

N 4 1diferente Y 4 2importante Y 4 3Es importante para mí. Y 4 4No es diferente así. Y 4 5Es muy bueno. Y 4 6No es muy bueno. Y 4 7No es muy diferente así. Y 4 8Pero es muy importante para mí. Y 4 9

N 4 10restaurante Y 4 11tengo Y 5 1

N 5 2no tengo Y 5 3Lo tengo. Y 5 4No lo tengo. Y 5 5quiero Y 5 6Lo quiero. Y 5 7No lo quiero así. Y 5 8necesito Y 5 9Lo necesito. Y 5 10No lo necesito. Y 5 11ahora Y 5 12

N 5 13Lo quiero pero no lo necesito ahora. Y 5 14constante Y 6 1evidente Y 6 2urgente Y 6 3

N 6 4Es muy urgente. Y 6 5Lo necesito ahora, es muy urgente. Y 6 6tiene, Usted tiene Y 6 7¿Qué? N 6 8¿Qué tiene? Y 6 9¿Qué tiene para mí ahora? Y 6 10Lo tiene. Y 6 11¿Lo tiene? Y 6 12No lo tiene. Y 6 13¿No lo tiene? Y 6 14¿No lo tiene para mí ahora? Y 6 15¿Por qué no lo tiene para mí ahora, porque lo necesito ahora? Y 6 16porque Y 6 17quiero N 7 1No lo quiero. Y 7 2quiere Y 7 3¿Qué quiere? Y 7 4Lo quiere. Y 7 5¿Lo quiere? Y 7 6¿Por qué no lo quiere así? Y 7 7saber Y 7 8Quiero saber. Y 7 9No quiero saber. Y 7 10Quiero saber por qué no lo tiene para mí ahora. Y 7 11puedo Y 8 1puede Y 8 2hacer Y 8 3hacer así Y 8 4

N 8 5¿Qué quiere hacer ahora? Y 8 6

N 8 7comer Y 8 8

algo Y 8 9Quiero algo. Y 8 10Tengo algo para usted. Y 8 11Quiero comer. Y 8 12Quiero comer algo ahora. Y 8 13Tengo hambre. Y 8 14Quiero comer algo ahora porque tengo hambre. Y 8 15¿Qué quiere comer? Y 8 16Tiene hambre. Y 8 17¿Tiene hambre? Y 8 18¿Tiene hambre? ¿Quiere comer algo ahora? Y 8 19¿Por qué no quiere comer? Y 8 20

N 9 1necesario Y 9 2No es necesario para mí ahora porque no lo necesito. Y 9 3Lo siento, pero no lo tengo y no lo quiero porque no lo necesito ahora. Y 9 4y Y 9 5contrario Y 9 6al contrario Y 9 7vocabulario Y 9 8ver Y 10 1

N 10 2verlo Y 10 3Quiero verlo. Y 10 4No quiero verlo. Y 10 5¿Quiere verlo? Y 10 6¿Por qué no quiere verlo? Y 10 7puedo N 10 8puede N 10 9No puedo verlo. Y 10 10

N 10 11¿Puede verlo? Y 10 12Puede verlo. Y 10 13¿Qué puede ver? Y 10 14¿Por qué no puede verlo? Y 10 15hacer N 10 16hacerlo Y 10 17No quiero hacerlo así. Y 10 18Porque no puedo hacerlo. Y 10 19¿Por qué no puede hacerlo? Y 10 20Quiero saber por qué no puede hacerlo así. Y 10 21

N 11 1diferencia Y 11 2importancia Y 11 3influencia Y 11 4preferencia Y 11 5la diferencia Y 11 6una diferencia Y 11 7¿Qué diferencia? Y 11 8la preferencia Y 11 9una preferencia Y 11 10¿Qué preferencia? Y 11 11¿Tiene una preferencia? Y 11 12¿Que preferencia tiene? Y 11 13

¿Para qué restaurante tiene una preferencia? Y 11 14esta noche Y 11 15Es para esta noche. Y 11 16¿Para que restaurante tiene una preferencia esta noche? Y 11 17¿Dónde? Y 12 1¿Dónde quiere comer? Y 12 2la cena Y 12 3cenar Y 12 4¿Dónde quiere cenar esta noche? Y 12 5

N 12 6condición Y 12 7posición Y 12 8reservación Y 12 9la reservación Y 12 10una reservación Y 12 11¿Tiene una reservación para mí para esta noche? Y 12 12la condición Y 13 1una condición Y 13 2¿Qué condición? Y 13 3

N 13 4¿Qué reservación? Y 13 5de Y 13 6la confirmación de la reservación Y 13 7¿Tiene la confirmación de la reservación para mí para esta noche? Y 13 8tipo Y 13 9¿Qué tipo de reservación tiene para mí para esta noche? Y 13 10¿Qué tipo de reservación quiere? Y 13 11

N 14 1traducción Y 14 2Necesito una traducción. Y 14 3¿Puede hacer una traducción para mí? Y 14 4

N 14 5Puede hacer una traducción para mí. Y 14 6por favor Y 14 7Puede hacerlo para mí por favor. Y 14 8¿Puede hacerlo para mí hoy? Y 14 9hoy N 14 10explicación Y 14 11dar Y 14 12Puede dar una explicación. Y 14 13¿Puede dar una explicación? Y 14 14

N 15 1formación Y 15 2formar Y 15 3conformar Y 15 4confirmar Y 15 5

N 15 6hablar Y 15 7comer Y 15 8venir Y 15 9salir Y 15 10

N 15 11N 15 12

N 15 13

N 15 14

N 15 15

N 15 16Mérida N 15 17México Y 15 18situación Y 15 19impresión Y 15 20¿Que impresión tiene de la situación? Y 15 21así N 16 1

N 16 2aquí Y 16 3Puede hacer una reservación para mí. Y 16 4¿Puede hacer una reservación para mí? Y 16 5¿Por qué no puede hacer una reservación para mí? Y 16 6ver Y 16 7saber N 16 8Quiero saberlo. Y 16 9Quiero verlo. Y 16 10verlo N 16 11verle N 16 12verlos N 16 13verlas N 16 14Quiero verlos. Y 16 15Quiero verlas. Y 16 16Quiero verle. Y 16 17verme Y 16 18

N 16 19comprender Y 17 1comprenderlo Y 17 2comprenderle Y 17 3comprenderlos Y 17 4comprenderlas Y 17 5comprenderme Y 17 6¿Puede comprenderme? Y 17 7¿Por qué no puede comprenderme? Y 17 8decir Y 17 9decirlo Y 17 10decirle Y 17 11decirme Y 17 12Puede decirme. N 17 13¿Por qué no puede decirme ahora? Y 17 14comprar Y 17 15Quiero comprar algo aquí. Y 17 16¿Qué quiere comprar aquí? Y 17 17¿Por qué no quiere comprarlo? Y 17 18

caro Y 18 1Es muy caro. Y 18 2¿Lo tiene? N 18 3¿Por qué no lo tiene para mí? Y 18 4tener Y 18 5Quiero tenerlo porque lo necesito. Y 18 6tengo que Y 18 7

N 18 8Tengo que hacerlo. Y 18 9salir Y 18 10Tengo que salir. Y 18 11pronto Y 18 12Tengo que salir pronto. Y 18 13tiene que Y 18 14Tiene que hacerlo. Y 18 15¿Cuándo? Y 18 16¿Cuándo tiene que hacerlo? Y 18 17decirlo Y 18 18decirle Y 18 19decirme Y 18 20Puede decirme. Y 18 21¿Puede decirme? Y 18 22Puede decirme por qué no puede hacerlo así. Y 18 23

N 19 1político Y 19 2económico Y 19 3filosófico Y 19 4lógico Y 19 5No es lógico pero es muy práctico así. Y 19 6

N 19 7la situación política Y 19 8la situación económica Y 19 9en España Y 19 10en México Y 19 11en Argentina Y 19 12

¿Qué impresión tiene de la situación política y económica en España ahora? Y 19 13¿Cuánto? Y 20 1

N 20 2Puede decirme cuánto es. Y 20 3Y quiero comprarlo. Y 20 4porque lo necesito Y 20 5Y quiero tenerlo. Y 20 6si no es muy caro Y 20 7si Y 20 8estoy Y 20 9ocupado Y 20 10Estoy ocupado. Y 20 11Estoy ocupada. Y 20 12cansado / cansada Y 20 13Estoy cansado. Y 20 14Estoy cansada. Y 20 15casado Y 20 16No estoy muy ocupada hoy. Y 20 17

No estoy muy ocupado hoy. Y 20 18está Y 21 1Está ocupado. Y 21 2¿Está ocupada ahora? Y 21 3¿Está ocupado ahora? Y 21 4estar Y 21 5

N 21 6esta casa Y 21 7mesa Y 21 8esta mesa Y 21 9¿Dónde está ahora? Y 21 10¿Cómo? Y 21 11¿Cómo está? Y 21 12

N 21 13buenos días Y 21 14¿Está cansado? Y 21 15¿Está cansada? Y 21 16voy Y 22 1a Y 22 2voy a Y 22 3Voy a comer ahora. Y 22 4Voy a comprarlo. Y 22 5No voy a comprarlo porque es muy caro. Y 22 6Voy a decirle. Y 22 7tarde Y 22 8muy tarde Y 22 9Es muy tarde. Y 22 10más o menos Y 22 11más tarde Y 22 12estar N 22 13Voy a estar aquí más tarde. Y 22 14Voy a hacerlo. Y 23 1

No voy a hacerlo ahora porque voy a estar muy ocupada hoy. Y 23 2Voy a estar muy ocupado hoy. Y 23 3llamar Y 23 4Voy a llamarle más tarde. Y 23 5Puede llamarme más tarde. Y 23 6¿A qué hora? Y 23 7¿A qué hora puede llamarme? Y 23 8Voy a llamarle. N 23 9va Y 23 10va a Y 23 11¿A qué hora va a llamarme? Y 23 12¿A qué hora va a estar aquí esta noche? Y 23 13¿Dónde va a estar más tarde? Y 23 14

N 24 1Va a hacerlo. N 24 2Va a hacerlo. Y 24 3Va a hacerlo. Y 24 4

N 24 5¿Cuándo va a hacerlo? Y 24 6¿Dónde está él? Y 24 7

¿Dónde está usted? Y 24 8¿Dónde está ella? Y 24 9(Él) va a estar aquí pronto. N 24 10(Ella) va a estar aquí pronto. N 24 11¿Qué quiere? Y 24 12¿Qué quiere él? Y 24 13¿Qué quiere ella? Y 24 14¿Qué tiene? N 24 15¿Qué tiene él? Y 24 16¿Qué tiene ella? Y 24 17¿Qué tiene usted? Y 24 18

N 24 19listo Y 25 1Estoy listo. Y 25 2Estoy lista. Y 25 3¿Está lista? Y 25 4¿Está listo? Y 25 5¿A qué hora va a estar listo? Y 25 6¿A qué hora va a estar lista? Y 25 7¿A qué hora va a estar listo? Y 25 8

Y 25 9Puede decirme cuándo va a estar listo. Y 25 10todo Y 26 1Todo va a estar listo para usted hoy. Y 26 2nada Y 26 3mañana Y 26 4

Nada va a estar listo para usted hoy, pero todo va a estar listo mañana. Y 26 5Él está listo. Y 26 6Ella está lista. Y 26 7Todo está listo. Y 26 8Es posible. N 27 1Está listo. Y 27 2

N 27 3

N 27 4

N 27 5estoy N 27 6soy N 27 7

N 27 8N 27 9

¿Cómo está él? Y 27 10¿Cómo está ella? Y 27 11¿Dónde está (usted)? Y 27 12¿Dónde está él? Y 27 13¿Dónde está ella? Y 27 14¿Donde esta? Y 27 15No sé. Y 27 16sé Y 27 17Lo sé. Y 27 18No lo sé. Y 27 19

Quiero saber a qué hora va a estar listo porque lo necesito y tengo que tenerlo hoy si es posible.

No sé. Y 27 20No sé dónde está. Y 27 21

N 28 1¿Cómo está Pablo hoy? Y 28 2Pablo es enfermo. N 28 3enfermo Y 28 4Pablo está enfermo hoy. N 28 5domingo Y 28 6llegar Y 28 7borracho Y 28 8mirar Y 28 9Pablo está borracho. Y 28 10Pablo es borracho. Y 28 11vestido Y 28 12bien vestido Y 28 13Pablo está bien vestido hoy. Y 28 14

N 28 15Soy profesor. Y 28 16Estoy listo. N 28 17

N 28 18listo Y 28 19Soy listo. Y 28 20Él es listo. Y 28 21Ella es lista. Y 28 22Ella está lista. Y 28 23hablar Y 29 1comprar Y 29 2tomar Y 29 3

N 29 4confirmar N 29 5Puede confirmar la reservación para mí. Y 29 6preparar Y 29 7Puede preparar la cena para mí. Y 29 8Puede aceptar la condición. Y 29 9mucho Y 29 10muchas gracias Y 29 11

Y 29 12N 30 1

N 30 2

N 30 3

N 30 4

N 30 5

N 30 6

N 30 7hablar N 30 8

Quiero mucho aceptar la condición, pero lo siento no puedo aceptarlo (aceptarla) porque no es aceptable para mí así.

comprar N 30 9comprender N 30 10comer N 30 11hacer N 30 12decir N 30 13preparar N 30 14aceptar N 30 15venir Y 31 1conmigo Y 31 2con usted Y 31 3con él Y 31 4con ella Y 31 5Puede hablar español conmigo. Y 31 6

N 31 7Puede venir conmigo. Y 31 8

N 31 9Puede venir a verlo conmigo esta noche. Y 31 10ir Y 32 1Quiero ir a verlo con usted. Y 32 2Tengo que ir a verlo. Y 32 3Tengo que hablar con usted. Y 32 4Lo siento, pero no puedo verle hoy porque voy a estar muy ocupado. Y 32 5Tengo que comprarlo. Y 32 6No puedo comprarlo porque es muy caro. Y 32 7¿Dónde está? N 33 1¿Cuánto es? Y 33 2encontrar Y 33 3No puedo encontrarlo. Y 33 4No sé dónde está. Y 33 5Puede decirme dónde está porque no puedo encontrarlo. Y 33 6

N 34 1N 34 2

compro Y 34 3Lo compro. Y 34 4No lo compro. Y 34 5vender Y 34 6Lo vendo. Y 34 7No lo vendo. Y 34 8comprender Y 34 9comprendo Y 34 10Lo comprendo muy bien. Y 34 11No lo comprendo muy bien. Y 34 12Lo comprendo. Y 34 13No lo comprendo. Y 34 14No le comprendo. Y 34 15comprende Y 34 16Lo comprende. Y 34 17¿Lo comprende? Y 34 18¿Por qué no lo comprende? Y 34 19¿Me comprende? Y 34 20Me comprende. Y 34 21¿Por qué no me comprende? Y 34 22vender Y 35 1

Lo vendo. Y 35 2No lo vendo. Y 35 3Lo vende. Y 35 4¿Por qué no lo vende? Y 35 5escribir Y 35 6escribo Y 35 7todos los días Y 35 8Escribo todos los días. Y 35 9me gusta Y 36 1Me gusta verlo. Y 36 2Pero no me gusta hacerlo. Y 36 3Me gusta ir a verlo. Y 36 4me gusta mucho Y 36 5Me gusta mucho escribir. Y 36 6le gusta Y 36 7¿Le gusta? N 36 8Me gusta escribir. Y 36 9escribo Y 36 10escribe Y 36 11¿Por qué no me escribe? Y 36 12saber Y 37 1sabe Y 37 2¿Sabe dónde está? Y 37 3¿Por qué no lo sabe? Y 37 4hacer N 37 5¿Por qué no lo hace? Y 37 6salir N 37 7¿A qué hora sale? Y 37 8

N 37 9¿A qué hora sale? Y 37 10

N 37 11Estoy saliendo. N 37 12¿Qué hace hoy? Y 37 13¿Qué hace esta noche? Y 37 14¿Qué está haciendo? Y 37 15¿Qué escribe? Y 37 16¿Qué está escribiendo? Y 37 17decir N 38 1¿Qué dice? Y 38 2

N 38 3

N 38 4Lo siento, pero no comprendo lo que dice. Y 38 5No sé lo que quiere. Y 38 6No es lo que quiero. Y 38 7¿Qué quiere? N 38 8¿Qué quiere decir? Y 38 9

N 38 10No comprendo muy bien lo que quiere decir. Y 38 11No comprende lo que quiero decir. Y 38 12porque no es lo que quiero decir Y 38 13hablo Y 39 1preparar N 39 2Lo preparo. Y 39 3

Pero no lo acepto. Y 39 4

N 39 5N 39 6

preparo Y 39 7Lo acepto. Y 39 8

N 39 9sale Y 39 10hace Y 39 11escribe Y 39 12dice Y 39 13

N 39 14habla Y 39 15¿Habla inglés? Y 39 16quien Y 40 1¿Quién habla inglés aquí? Y 40 2nadie Y 40 3Nadie habla inglés aquí. Y 40 4todo el mundo Y 40 5Todo el mundo habla español. Y 40 6¿Por qué no habla español conmigo? Y 40 7Lo compro. Y 40 8No lo compro. Y 40 9No lo compro. Y 40 10¿Por qué no lo compra? Y 40 11

N 40 12No sé por qué no lo compro. Y 40 13¿Por qué no lo vende? Y 40 14No lo vendo porque no quiero venderlo. Y 40 15hablo N 41 1habla N 41 2

N 41 3hablan Y 41 4comprenden Y 41 5Lo hacen. Y 41 6Lo compran. Y 41 7Lo venden. Y 41 8

N 42 1¿Por qué no lo vende? Y 42 2¿Por qué no lo venden? Y 42 3¿Por qué no lo hace? Y 42 4¿Por qué no lo hacen? Y 42 5¿Por qué no lo hacen? Y 42 6

N 43 1hablar Y 43 2comer Y 43 3comprender Y 43 4venir Y 43 5salir Y 43 6hacer Y 43 7decir Y 43 8

N 43 9quiero Y 43 10

quiere Y 43 11puedo Y 43 12hablo Y 43 13no hablo Y 43 14comprendo Y 43 15no comprendo Y 43 16comprende Y 43 17¿Lo comprende? Y 43 18¿Me comprende? Y 43 19¿No me comprende? Y 43 20¿Por qué no me comprende? Y 43 21comprenden Y 43 22

N 43 23habla Y 43 24

N 44 1N 44 2N 44 3N 44 4N 44 5N 44 6N 44 7

N 44 8voy Y 44 9estoy Y 44 10soy Y 44 11doy Y 44 12

N 44 13sé Y 44 14¿Por qué no lo compra? N 45 1Lo vendo. N 45 2¿Por qué no lo vende? N 45 3¿Por qué no lo venden? Y 45 4No lo venden. Y 45 5¿Por qué no lo compra? N 45 6No lo compran. Y 45 7¿Por qué no lo compran? Y 45 8

N 46 1N 46 2

¿Hablas inglés? Y 46 3¿Por qué no hablas español conmigo? Y 46 4

N 46 5¡Hable español conmigo! Y 46 6¡Compre el libro! Y 47 1este libro Y 47 2

N 47 3esta noche Y 47 4esta casa Y 47 5esta mesa Y 47 6

N 47 7ese libro Y 47 8

esa mesa Y 47 9N 47 10

Quiero ver esto. Y 47 11Voy a comprar esto. Y 47 12Quiero ver eso. Y 47 13¿Por qué no compra este libro? Y 47 14¡Compre ese libro! Y 47 15Él no lo compra. Y 47 16¡No lo compre! Y 47 17¿Por qué no lo vende? Y 48 1¡No lo venda! Y 48 2¡No lo vendan! Y 48 3¡No lo vendas! Y 48 4¡Compre ese libro! Y 48 5No lo compre, no es bueno. Y 48 6No lo compren. Y 48 7No lo compres. Y 48 8

N 49 1¡Cómprelo! Y 49 2¡Cómprenlo! Y 49 3¡Cómprenlos! Y 49 4

N 49 5No los compren. Y 49 6tomar Y 49 7¿Por qué no lo toma? Y 49 8¡No lo tome! Y 49 9¡Tómelo! Y 49 10¡Cómalo! Es muy bueno. Y 49 11delicioso Y 49 12

N 50 1hablamos Y 50 2hablar N 50 3Quiero hablar contigo. Y 50 4Lo hacemos. Y 50 5comemos Y 50 6salimos Y 50 7venimos Y 50 8vendemos Y 50 9escribimos Y 50 10tenemos Y 50 11No lo hacemos. Y 50 12No lo hacemos así. Y 50 13Le decimos. Y 50 14

N 51 1vamos Y 51 2van a Y 51 3vas a Y 51 4vamos a Y 51 5Vamos a salir pronto. Y 51 6llegar N 51 7¿A qué hora vamos a llegar a Madrid? Y 51 8¿Por qué no lo haces, Roberta? Y 51 9tengo Y 51 10

N 51 11vengo Y 51 12

salgo Y 51 13poner Y 51 14

N 51 15pongo Y 51 16Lo pongo aquí. Y 51 17supongo Y 51 18are short go-go verbs. N 52 1hacer N 52 2decir N 52 3hago Y 52 4digo Y 52 5Lo hago. Y 52 6Le digo. Y 52 7traer Y 52 8traigo Y 52 9Lo traigo. Y 52 10Lo pongo. Y 52 11¿Dónde lo pone? Y 52 12¿Dónde lo ponen? Y 52 13¿Dónde lo pones? Y 52 14Lo ponemos aquí. Y 52 15

N 53 1¡Venga conmigo! Y 53 2¡No salga! Y 53 3¡No salgan! Y 53 4¡No salgas! Y 53 5¡No lo ponga aquí! Y 53 6Póngalo aquí. Y 53 7Puede ponerlo aquí. Y 53 8

N 54 1¡Tráigalo! Y 54 2¡Tráigame algo! Y 54 3¡No lo ponga aquí! Y 54 4allí Y 54 5aquí N 54 6¡Póngalo allí! Y 54 7¡No lo ponga aquí, póngalo allí! Y 54 8Lo hago. N 54 9¡Hágalo! Y 54 10¡No lo haga! Y 54 11¡Dígalo en español! Y 54 12¡Dígame! Y 54 13¡No me diga ahora! Y 54 14¡No me digas! Y 54 15llamar N 54 16¡Llámeme más tarde! Y 54 17¡Llámame! Y 54 18

N 54 19tener N 55 1tenemos N 55 2tiene N 55 3tienen Y 55 4tienes Y 55 5

tengo N 55 6

N 55 7venir Y 55 8venimos Y 55 9viene Y 55 10vienen Y 55 11vienes Y 55 12vengo Y 55 13comenzar Y 55 14comienzo Y 55 15comienza Y 55 16¡Comience! Y 55 17¿A qué hora comienza? Y 55 18¿A qué hora comienzan? Y 55 19¿A qué hora comienzas? Y 55 20¿A qué hora comenzamos? Y 55 21empezar N 56 1empiezo N 56 2¿A qué hora empieza? N 56 3la película Y 56 4pensar Y 56 5pienso Y 56 6¿Qué piensa? Y 56 7¿Qué piensa de la situación? Y 56 8pensamos Y 56 9Pienso salir pronto. Y 56 10¿Cuándo piensa salir? Y 56 11comprender N 56 12

N 56 13entender Y 56 14entiendo Y 56 15No lo entiendo. Y 56 16No le entiendo. Y 56 17No te entiendo. Y 56 18¿Me entiendes? Y 56 19No entendemos. Y 56 20

N 56 21quiero Y 56 22quiere Y 56 23quieren Y 56 24quieres Y 56 25quieren Y 56 26querer Y 56 27queremos Y 56 28

N 57 1puedo Y 57 2puede Y 57 3pueden Y 57 4puedes Y 57 5poder Y 57 6podemos Y 57 7el poder Y 57 8encontrar N 57 9

encuentro Y 57 10No lo encuentro. Y 57 11recordar Y 57 12recuerdo Y 57 13volver Y 57 14Vuelvo pronto. Y 57 15¿A qué hora vuelve? Y 57 16¿Vuelven? Y 57 17¿A qué hora vuelves, Roberta? Y 57 18Volvemos pronto. Y 57 19regresar Y 57 20levantar Y 58 1Lo levanto. Y 58 2¿Por qué no lo levanta? Y 58 3Me levanto. Y 58 4Nos levantamos. Y 58 5nos N 58 6Te levantas. Y 58 7¿A qué hora te levantas? Y 58 8

N 58 9Se levanta. Y 58 10¿A qué hora se levanta? Y 58 11¿A qué hora se levantan? Y 58 12Se levantan pronto. Y 58 13Voy a levantarme pronto. Y 58 14Tengo que levantarme. Y 58 15Vamos a levantarnos pronto. Y 58 16Tenemos que levantarnos. Y 58 17¿A qué hora tenemos que levantarnos? Y 58 18quedar N 59 1dar Y 59 2quedarse Y 59 3me quedo Y 59 4no me quedo Y 59 5¿Cuánto tiempo? Y 59 6tiempo Y 59 7No sé cuánto tiempo me quedo. Y 59 8No sé cuánto tiempo voy a quedarme. Y 59 9No sé cuánto tiempo puedo quedarme. Y 59 10Nos quedamos. Y 59 11Vamos a quedarnos unos días. Y 59 12unos días N 59 13

N 59 14la mano Y 59 15el problema Y 59 16hay Y 60 1gente Y 60 2la gente Y 60 3mucha gente Y 60 4Hay mucha gente aquí. Y 60 5No hay problema. Y 60 6No sé cuánto tiempo vamos a quedarnos aquí. Y 60 7todavía Y 60 8todavía un poco N 60 9tarde N 60 10

más tarde N 60 11un poco más tarde Y 60 12

N 60 13Todavía no sé. Y 60 14Todavía no sé cuánto tiempo voy a quedarme. Y 60 15vemos Y 61 1Lo vemos. Y 61 2No lo ve. Y 61 3veo Y 61 4Lo ven. Y 61 5Nos vemos. Y 61 6No nos vemos. Y 61 7

N 61 8Nos vemos. Y 61 9¿A qué hora nos vemos? Y 61 10¿A qué hora nos vemos mañana? Y 61 11

N 61 12Le llamo más tarde. Y 61 13

N 61 14Le llamo mañana. Y 61 15Los compro. Y 61 16Lo digo. Y 61 17Le digo. Y 61 18Te digo. Y 61 19Le llamo. Y 61 20Te llamo. Y 61 21Te llamo mañana. / Le llamo mañana. Y 61 22

N 61 23Voy a llamarle mañana. Y 61 24Nos quedamos unos días. Y 62 1Vamos a quedarnos unos días. Y 62 2

¿A qué hora nos vemos mañana? Y 62 3

¿A qué hora vamos a vernos mañana? Y 62 4

N 62 5hablaré Y 62 6Comeré más tarde. Y 62 7Lo compraré. Y 62 8Lo venderé. Y 62 9tomar Y 62 10Lo tomaré. Y 62 11

N 62 12Lo tomaremos. Y 62 13comenzaré Y 62 14comenzaremos Y 62 15comeré Y 62 16comeremos Y 62 17Hablaré con usted Y 62 18hablaremos Y 62 19esperar Y 63 1esperaré Y 63 2esperaremos Y 63 3me quedo N 63 4

Me quedo aquí mañana. Y 63 5me quedaré Y 63 6Voy a quedarme. Y 63 7Voy a comenzar. / Voy a empezar. N 64 1Voy a comprarlo. Y 64 2Vamos a comprarlo. Y 64 3Voy a llamarle más tarde. Y 64 4Vamos a llamarle más tarde. Y 64 5¿A qué hora va a llamarme? Y 64 6¿A qué hora van a llamarme? Y 64 7Van a llamarme más tarde. Y 64 8¿A qué hora vas a llamarme? Y 64 9Va a llamarme. Y 64 10Van a llamarme. Y 64 11Vas a llamarme. Y 64 12Van a llamarme. Y 64 13Vamos a llamarle. Y 64 14me quedo Y 65 1nos quedamos Y 65 2se quedan Y 65 3ella se queda Y 65 4no me quedo Y 65 5Voy a quedarme. Y 65 6¿Cuánto tiempo va a quedarse? Y 65 7¿Cuánto tiempo van a quedarse? Y 65 8Todavía no sé cuánto tiempo vamos a quedarnos. Y 65 9me quedaré Y 65 10nos quedaremos Y 65 11Vamos a quedarnos. Y 65 12

N 66 1

N 66 2Lo compraré. Y 66 3Lo compraremos. Y 66 4Lo comprará. Y 66 5Lo comprará. Y 66 6¿Dónde lo comprarán? Y 66 7¿Dónde lo comprarás? Y 66 8No lo comprarán porque es demasiado caro. Y 66 9demasiado Y 66 10Estaré aquí. Y 66 11Estaremos aquí mañana. Y 66 12Estará aquí. Y 66 13Estará listo para usted mañana. Y 66 14Estarán aquí pronto. Y 66 15Van a estar aquí pronto. Y 66 16será Y 66 17No será posible. Y 66 18Iré a verlo. Y 66 19Vamos a ir a verlo. Y 66 20iremos Y 66 21Iremos a verlo. Y 66 22

N 67 1tendré Y 67 2tendremos Y 67 3tendrá Y 67 4tendrán Y 67 5

tendrás Y 67 6saldré Y 67 7saldremos Y 67 8saldrá Y 67 9saldrán Y 67 10saldrás Y 67 11pondré Y 67 12pondremos Y 67 13pondrán Y 67 14pondrás Y 67 15

N 67 16haré Y 67 17haremos Y 67 18hará Y 67 19harán Y 67 20harás Y 67 21Te diré más tarde. Y 67 22diré Y 67 23Lo diré. Y 67 24Le diré. Y 67 25Le diremos. Y 67 26Le dirá. Y 67 27Me dirá. Y 67 28¿Cuándo me dirá? Y 67 29¿Cuándo me dirás? Y 67 30¿Cuándo me dirán? Y 67 31

N 68 1Será necesario. Y 68 2Sería necesario. Y 68 3No sería necesario. Y 68 4No sería posible así. Y 68 5Lo haré. Y 68 6Lo haría. Y 68 7No lo haría así. Y 68 8No lo harían. Y 68 9¿Por qué no lo harías, Roberto? Y 68 10Te diré. / Le diré. Y 68 11No le diría. Y 68 12No me diría. Y 68 13Él no saldrá hoy. Y 68 14Él no saldría. Y 68 15Él lo tendrá para usted. Y 68 16Pero él no lo tendría hoy. Y 68 17me gusta Y 69 1No me gusta quedarme aquí. Y 69 2te gusta / le gusta Y 69 3¿Le gusta? N 69 4nos gusta Y 69 5me gustaría Y 69 6Me gustaría verle. Y 69 7Me gustaría ir a verlo contigo. / Me gustaría ir a verlo con usted. Y 69 8mandar Y 69 9Lo manda. Y 69 10

N 69 11Me lo manda. Y 69 12No me lo manda hoy. Y 69 13

Pero me lo mandará mañana. Y 69 14Va a mandármelo mañana. Y 69 15

N 69 16Me lo manda mañana. Y 69 17No me lo mandaría hoy. Y 69 18Lo mando. Y 70 1Le mando algo. Y 70 2Te mando algo. Y 70 3Te lo mando. Y 70 4Te los mando. Y 70 5

N 70 6Se lo mando. Y 70 7Voy a mandárselo. Y 70 8

N 70 9

N 70 10Puede mandármelo. Y 70 11Puede mandárselo. Y 70 12Me gustaría verlo. Y 71 1

N 71 2Quisiera verlo. Y 71 3

N 71 4No será necesario. Y 71 5No sería necesario. Y 71 6

N 72 1vivir Y 72 2vivido Y 72 3

N 72 4

N 72 5He comprado algo. Y 73 1Hemos comprado. Y 73 2

N 73 3Lo hemos comprado. Y 73 4Lo ha comprado. Y 73 5No lo ha comprado. Y 73 6¿Dónde lo ha comprado? Y 73 7Lo ha vendido. Y 73 8

N 73 9Lo he hecho. Y 73 10Lo hemos hecho. Y 73 11Me ha dicho. Y 73 12No me ha dicho. Y 73 13Le he dicho. Y 73 14esperar N 74 1

espero Y 74 2Quiero informarme dónde está. Y 74 3espera Y 74 4¿Por qué espera? Y 74 5¿Por qué no espera? Y 74 6Le espero. Y 75 1Te espero. Y 75 2Él le espera. / Ella le espera. Y 75 3Me esperan. Y 75 4¿Por qué esperan? Y 75 5¿Por qué me esperas? Y 75 6esperamos Y 75 7¿Por qué no me espera? Y 75 8¿Por qué no me esperas? Y 75 9¿Por qué no me esperan? Y 75 10¡Espere! Y 75 11momentito Y 75 12¡Espéreme aquí! Y 75 13Le esperamos. Y 76 1

N 76 2¿Le esperamos? Y 76 3

N 76 4esperamos N 76 5¡Esperemos! Y 76 6Esperemos aquí. Y 76 7Lo compramos. Y 76 8No lo compramos. Y 76 9No lo compremos. Y 76 10Lo vendemos. Y 76 11Vendamos la casa. Y 76 12No me espere. Y 76 13¡Espéreme! N 76 14he esperado Y 76 15he salido Y 76 16

N 76 17Estoy esperando. N 76 18Le estoy esperando. Y 76 19Lo hago. Y 76 20Lo estoy haciendo. Y 76 21

N 77 1N 77 2

esperaba Y 77 3hablaba Y 77 4Lo compraba. Y 77 5Lo preparaba. Y 77 6

N 77 7salía Y 77 8comía Y 77 9Lo hacía. Y 77 10Lo compraba. Y 77 11Lo vendía. Y 77 12Lo preparaba. Y 77 13Lo preparaba. Y 77 14Lo preparabas. Y 77 15Lo preparaban. Y 77 16

Lo hacía. Y 77 17Lo hacía. Y 77 18Lo hacía. Y 77 19Lo hacías. Y 77 20Lo hacían. Y 77 21Me decía. Y 77 22No he entendido lo que decía. Y 77 23

N 78 1

N 78 2Lo hacía todos los días. Y 78 3hecho N 78 4

N 78 5Está hecho. Y 78 6Lo he hecho. N 78 7Lo he preparado. Y 78 8La cena está preparada. Y 78 9He aceptado la condición. Y 78 10Le he dicho. Y 79 1No me ha dicho. Y 79 2¿Por qué no me ha dicho? Y 79 3

N 79 4Lo he visto. Y 79 5Todavía no lo he visto. Y 79 6

N 79 7¿Dónde lo has puesto? Y 79 8Lo hemos puesto aquí. Y 79 9olvidar Y 79 10No lo olvidaré. Y 79 11seguro Y 79 12Estoy seguro/segura. Y 79 13Estoy seguro que no lo olvidaremos. Y 79 14No lo he olvidado. Y 79 15salir N 80 1dejar Y 80 2recado Y 80 3He dejado un recado para usted. Y 80 4pasar el tiempo Y 80 5Hemos pasado mucho tiempo. Y 80 6No hemos pasado mucho tiempo. Y 80 7Eso es una buena idea. N 80 8No es una mala idea. Y 80 9¿Cuánto tiempo has pasado? Y 80 10preferir Y 80 11prefiero Y 80 12Prefiero quedarme aquí. Y 80 13tener ganas Y 81 1Tengo ganas de quedarme aquí. Y 81 2Tengo ganas de estar aquí con ustedes. Y 81 3Me gustaría verlo. N 82 1Me gustaría hacer una reservación. Y 82 2¿Cuánto tiempo piensa quedarse? Y 82 3preguntar Y 82 4Me gustaría preguntarle. Y 82 5Le preguntaría más tarde. Y 82 6Le preguntaré más tarde. Y 82 7

Voy a preguntarle más tarde. Y 82 8

Y 82 9Le llamaré más tarde. Y 82 10

N 82 11¿A qué hora llegamos mañana? Y 83 1

N 83 2Acabo de salir. Y 83 3

N 83 4Acaba de salir. Y 83 5

N 83 6Acabo de verlo. Y 83 7Acabo de llegar aquí hace dos días. Y 83 8Acabo de llegar aquí hace dos semanas. Y 83 9

N 83 10N 1 1

N 1 2comprar Y 1 3Lo compro. Y 1 4No lo compro porque es muy caro. Y 1 5¿Por qué no lo compra? Y 1 6¿Por qué no lo compra? Y 1 7

N 1 8comprender N 1 9comprendo N 1 10entender Y 1 11Lo entiendo. Y 1 12

N 1 13entiende Y 1 14¿Por qué no me entiende? Y 1 15¿Por qué no me entiendes? Y 1 16¿Por qué no me entienden? Y 1 17No me entienden. Y 1 18Lo prepara para mí. Y 1 19Está preparándolo para mí. Y 2 1

N 2 2Lo está preparando. Y 2 3¿Por qué no lo hace? Y 2 4¿Por qué no lo haces? Y 2 5¿Por qué no lo hacen? Y 2 6Está haciéndolo. / Lo está haciendo. Y 2 7Está saliendo. Y 2 8No comprendo lo que dice. Y 3 1decir Y 3 2Me dicen. Y 3 3¿Por qué no me dicen? Y 3 4¿Por qué no me dices? Y 3 5Le decimos. Y 3 6¿Por qué no me comprende? Y 3 7empezar / comenzar Y 3 8¿Por qué no empieza? Y 3 9

Voy a llamarle más tarde para preguntarle si puede venir a verlo con nosotros esta noche.

¿Por qué no empiezan? Y 3 10Empiezo ahora. Y 3 11¿Por qué no comienzas? Y 3 12¿Por qué no empiezas? Y 3 13No lo compro. Y 3 14¿Por qué no lo compras? Y 3 15¿Por qué no lo compran? Y 3 16Lo compramos. Y 3 17

N 4 1No compra la casa. Y 4 2¡Compre la casa! Y 4 3¡No lo compre! Y 4 4¡No lo compres! Y 4 5¡No lo compren! Y 4 6

N 4 7¡Cómprelo! Y 4 8¡Cómprenlo! Y 4 9¡No los compren! Y 4 10¡No los compres! Y 4 11

N 4 12¡Cómpralo! Y 4 13llamar Y 4 14Le llamo. Y 4 15Te llamo. Y 4 16Me llama. Y 4 17¿Por qué no me llamas? Y 4 18¿Por qué no me llaman? Y 4 19Le llamamos. Y 4 20Te llamamos. Y 4 21Llámeme mañana. Y 4 22¡No me llame hoy! Y 4 23No me llames hoy. Y 4 24¡Llámame! Y 4 25¡Llámeme! Y 4 26

N 5 1tener Y 5 2tiene Y 5 3No lo tenemos. Y 5 4tengo Y 5 5Lo tengo. Y 5 6No lo tengo. Y 5 7tengo que Y 5 8Tengo que verlo. Y 5 9dice Y 5 10digo Y 5 11Le digo. Y 5 12Te digo. Y 5 13¿Por qué no me dices? Y 5 14¿Por qué no me dicen? Y 5 15venir Y 5 16

N 5 17Viene con nosotros. Y 5 18venimos Y 5 19

vengo Y 5 20hacer Y 5 21¿Qué hace? Y 5 22saber Y 6 1¿Lo sabe? Y 6 2¿Lo sabes? Y 6 3¿Por qué no lo saben? Y 6 4Lo sabemos. Y 6 5sé Y 6 6Lo sé. Y 6 7No lo sé. Y 6 8

N 6 9conocer Y 6 10conozco Y 6 11No lo conozco. Y 6 12No la conozco. Y 6 13¿Conoce a Pedro? Y 7 1

N 7 2¿Conoce a mi amigo? Y 7 3¿Conoce Madrid? Y 7 4No lo conozco. Y 7 5No lo sé. Y 7 6

N 8 1digo Y 8 2hago Y 8 3Lo hago. Y 8 4Lo tengo. Y 8 5Te digo. Y 8 6vengo Y 8 7salir Y 8 8salgo Y 8 9Salgo mañana. Y 8 10¿A qué hora sale? Y 8 11poner Y 8 12pongo Y 8 13Lo pongo aquí. Y 8 14¿Dónde lo pone? Y 8 15¿Por qué no lo pones aquí? Y 8 16

N 8 17supongo Y 8 18traer Y 8 19Lo traigo. Y 8 20oír Y 8 21oigo Y 8 22

N 9 1¡Venga conmigo! Y 9 2¡No salga! Y 9 3¡No salgas! Y 9 4¡No salgan! Y 9 5¡Dígame! Y 9 6¡No me diga! Y 9 7¡Dígamelo! Y 9 8

N 9 9¡No me lo diga! Y 9 10¡Dígaselo! Y 9 11

No se lo diga, dígamelo. Y 9 12¡No lo haga! Y 9 13¡No lo hagas! Y 9 14¡No lo hagan! Y 9 15¡Háganlo! Y 9 16Quiero hacerlo. Y 9 17Puedo hacerlo. Y 9 18No lo puedo hacer. Y 9 19Estoy haciéndolo. / Lo estoy haciendo. Y 9 20¡Hágalo! Y 9 21No lo hago. Y 9 22¿Por qué no lo haces? Y 9 23¿Por qué no lo hacen? Y 9 24No lo hagan ahora. Y 9 25No lo ponga allí. Y 9 26Tráigalo. Y 9 27Tráigame algo. Y 9 28Tráigamelo. Y 9 29No me lo traiga hoy porque no lo necesito hoy. Y 9 30Lo oigo. Y 9 31¡Óigalo! Y 9 32Dígamelo, no se lo diga. Y 9 33Pero no se lo diga hoy. Y 9 34

N 10 1Dímelo. Y 10 2No me lo digas. Y 10 3No me lo digan. Y 10 4Dímelo. Y 10 5Ven conmigo. Y 10 6Tenlo. Y 10 7Ponlo aquí. Y 10 8No lo pongas allí, ponlo aquí. Y 10 9No salgas. Y 10 10No salgan. Y 10 11

N 11 1

N 12 1Es importante que esté aquí. Y 12 2Es importante que me llame. Y 12 3Es importante que me llamen. Y 12 4Es muy importante que me llames más tarde. Y 12 5No es necesario que me espere. Y 12 6escribir Y 12 7

N 13 1estudiar Y 13 2¿Por qué no me escribe? Y 13 3¡Escríbame! Y 13 4Porque es muy importante que me escriba. Y 13 5

N 14 1Te quiero. Y 14 2¿Qué quiere que le escriba? Y 15 1

Quiero que lo haga. Y 15 2Quiero que lo hagas. Y 15 3Quiero que lo hagan. Y 15 4¿Qué quiere que yo haga? Y 15 5¿Por qué no quiere que se lo diga? Y 15 6Pienso que puede hacerlo. Y 15 7No pienso que pueda hacerlo. Y 15 8Quiero que me llame más tarde. Y 15 9Quiero que me escriba. Y 15 10(Él) quiere que se lo mande. Y 15 11

N 16 1Lo compraré. Y 16 2Lo compraremos. Y 16 3Lo comprará. Y 16 4Lo comprarán. Y 16 5Lo comprarás. Y 16 6Le escribiré. Y 16 7Le escribirá. Y 16 8Le escribiremos. Y 16 9Me escribirá. Y 16 10Me escribirás. Y 16 11No me escribirán. Y 16 12tomar Y 16 13No lo tomaré. Y 16 14Lo tomaremos. Y 16 15No lo tomarán. Y 16 16

N 17 1tendré Y 17 2saldré Y 17 3saldremos N 17 4saldrán N 17 5saldrás N 17 6vendré Y 17 7vendremos N 17 8vendrás Y 17 9vender Y 17 10venderé N 17 11Lo venderé. Y 17 12pondré N 17 13No lo pondré aquí. Y 17 14

N 18 1Le llamaré mañana. / Voy a llamarle mañana. Y 18 2Le llamo mañana. Y 18 3Te llamo mañana. Y 18 4quedarse Y 18 5me quedo Y 18 6nos quedamos Y 18 7se queda Y 18 8se quedan Y 18 9te quedas Y 18 10Voy a quedarme. Y 18 11Quiero saber cuánto tiempo va a quedarse. Y 18 12Me quedaré aquí unos días. Y 18 13

N 19 1

diré Y 19 2haré Y 19 3No lo haré. Y 19 4Le diré más tarde por qué no lo haremos. Y 19 5No me dirá. Y 19 6No me dirá por qué no lo hará. Y 19 7Haga una reservación. Y 20 1Haz una reservación. Y 20 2Hazlo. Y 20 3

N 21 1río Y 21 2saldría Y 21 3saldríamos Y 21 4Lo haría. Y 21 5No lo haría. Y 21 6No lo harían. Y 21 7No lo haríamos. Y 21 8No le diría por qué no lo haríamos. Y 21 9esperar Y 21 10esperará Y 21 11no esperaría Y 21 12preparar Y 21 13Lo prepararé. Y 21 14No lo prepararía. Y 21 15me gusta Y 21 16Me gusta verlo. Y 21 17No me gusta hacerlo. Y 21 18Me gustaría verlo. Y 21 19Me gustaría verle. Y 21 20he hablado Y 22 1

N 22 2he comprado Y 22 3Lo he comprado. Y 22 4Lo hemos comprado. Y 22 5Lo han comprado. Y 22 6Lo ha vendido. Y 22 7hemos comido Y 22 8ha salido Y 22 9

N 23 1hablé Y 23 2

N 23 3Lo tomé. Y 23 4llamé Y 23 5acepté Y 23 6No lo acepté. Y 23 7Lo compré. Y 23 8esperé Y 23 9esperaré Y 23 10habló Y 23 11hablo Y 23 12Lo compro. Y 23 13Lo compró. Y 23 14

vendí Y 23 15salí Y 23 16salió Y 23 17comprendí N 23 18comprendió Y 23 19

N 24 1Lo vendió. Y 24 2No lo vendí. N 24 3¿Por qué no lo compró? Y 24 4¿Por qué lo vendió? Y 24 5¿Por qué no lo vendió? Y 24 6perder Y 24 7Lo perdí. Y 24 8¿Cuándo lo perdió? N 24 9¿A qué hora salió? Y 24 10¿A qué hora llegó? N 24 11Le llamé ayer. Y 24 12ayer N 24 13anoche Y 24 14Me llamó anoche. Y 24 15me llamó Y 24 16Le llamó. Y 24 17empezar / comenzar Y 24 18empecé N 24 19¿A qué hora empezó? Y 24 20¿A qué hora salen? Y 24 21¿A qué hora salió? Y 24 22No comí. Y 24 23¿Por qué no comió? Y 24 24Le llamé esta mañana. Y 24 25¿A qué hora me llamó? Y 24 26Le llama. Y 24 27Me llamó. Y 24 28¿Por qué no me llamó? Y 24 29Le escribí. Y 24 30Me escribió. Y 24 31¿Por qué no me escribió? Y 24 32Lo vi. Y 24 33No lo vi. Y 24 34¿Lo vio? Y 24 35No lo comprendí. / No lo entendí. Y 24 36

N 25 1hablaron Y 25 2Me llamaron. Y 25 3¿A qué hora me llamaron? Y 25 4llegaron Y 25 5¿A qué hora llegaron? Y 25 6Llegué aquí hace dos horas. Y 26 1

N 26 2Todavía no llegaron. Y 27 1

N 27 2salieron Y 27 3¿A qué hora salieron? Y 27 4no comieron Y 27 5Me escribieron. Y 27 6

Me hablaron. Y 27 7no me quedo Y 27 8me quedé Y 27 9se quedó Y 27 10no se quedó Y 27 11se quedaron Y 27 12

N 28 1hablaste Y 28 2¿A qué hora me llamaste? Y 28 3¿Por qué no me llamaste? Y 28 4

N 28 5¿A qué hora saliste? Y 28 6Por que no lo vendiste? Y 28 7¿Por qué no lo vendió? Y 28 8¿Por que no lo vendieron? Y 28 9Lo vendieron. Y 28 10No lo compró. Y 28 11Lo compraron. Y 28 12

N 29 1hablamos Y 29 2hablamos Y 29 3llegamos Y 29 4llegamos Y 29 5Llegamos ayer. Y 29 6Llegamos mañana. Y 29 7saliste Y 29 8salimos Y 29 9salimos Y 29 10

N 29 11vendimos Y 29 12vendemos Y 29 13comemos Y 29 14comimos Y 29 15

N 30 1hice Y 30 2Lo hice. Y 30 3Lo hizo. Y 30 4No lo hizo. Y 30 5¿Por qué no lo hizo? Y 30 6No lo hice. Y 30 7Hizo una reservación para nosotros. Y 30 8dije Y 30 9Le dije. Y 30 10Me dijo. Y 30 11Me dijo que no lo hizo. Y 30 12¿Por qué no me dijo? Y 30 13¿Por qué no me lo dijo? Y 30 14¿Por qué no se lo dijo a él/a ella? Y 30 15puse Y 30 16puso Y 30 17¿Dónde lo puso? Y 30 18poder Y 31 1

No pude hacerlo. Y 31 2No pudo hacerlo. Y 31 3pude Y 31 4querer Y 31 5quise Y 31 6Lo quise. Y 31 7Lo quiso. Y 31 8vino Y 31 9vino Y 31 10Vino con vino. Y 31 11vine Y 31 12tuve Y 31 13tuvo Y 31 14estuve Y 31 15estuvo Y 31 16pusieron Y 31 17pusiste Y 31 18pusimos Y 31 19hicieron Y 31 20hiciste Y 31 21hicimos Y 31 22viniste Y 31 23vinimos Y 31 24vinieron Y 31 25pudieron Y 32 1pudimos Y 32 2pudiste Y 32 3no pudo Y 32 4Me dijeron. Y 32 5¿Por qué no me dijeron? Y 32 6No me dijeron. Y 32 7Vinieron conmigo. Y 32 8No lo tuvieron. Y 32 9No lo quiso. Y 32 10Lo quisieron. Y 32 11Lo quisiste. Y 32 12No lo quisimos. Y 32 13

N 33 1Lo he comprado. Y 33 2No lo he comprado. Y 33 3¿Dónde lo has comprado? Y 33 4¿Dónde lo compró? Y 33 5No lo ha vendido. Y 33 6Lo compraría. Y 34 1No lo compraría. Y 34 2No lo comprarían. N 34 3No lo comprarías. Y 34 4No lo compraríamos. Y 34 5

N 35 1No saldrá. Y 35 2No saldría. Y 35 3No saldremos. Y 35 4No saldríamos. Y 35 5Lo pondría aquí. Y 35 6Lo pondremos aquí. Y 35 7No lo pondríamos aquí. Y 35 8No vendría con nosotros. Y 35 9

No lo vendería. Y 35 10Vendría aquí con nosotros y lo vendería. Y 35 11

N 36 1Lo haré. Y 36 2No lo haríamos. Y 36 3No lo haremos. Y 36 4Le diré mas tarde. Y 36 5No me diría. Y 36 6No le diríamos. Y 36 7Lo tendré para usted. Y 36 8ir Y 37 1Voy a hacerlo. Y 37 2Va a hacerlo. Y 37 3Van a hacerlo. Y 37 4Vamos a hacerlo. Y 37 5iré Y 37 6iré a Y 37 7Iré a verlo. Y 37 8No iría. Y 37 9No iríamos. Y 37 10Podré hacerlo. Y 38 1No podrá hacerlo. Y 38 2No podría hacerlo. Y 38 3

N 39 1¿Puede decirme? Y 39 2¿Puede decirme dónde está? Y 39 3¿Podría decirme dónde está? Y 39 4¿Podría venir conmigo? Y 39 5¿Puede esperarme? Y 39 6¿Podría esperarme? Y 39 7

N 40 1Debo hacerlo ahora. Y 40 2Debe hacerlo. Y 40 3Tengo que hacerlo. Y 40 4¿Cuánto es? Y 40 5¿Cuánto cuesta? Y 40 6¿Cuánto debo? Y 40 7Tendré que hacerlo. Y 40 8Deberé hacerlo. Y 40 9Tendría que hacerlo. / Debería hacerlo. Y 40 10Deberías decirme. Y 40 11Lo he vendido. Y 41 1Lo habría vendido. Y 41 2No lo habría vendido. Y 41 3

N 42 1hecho en España Y 42 2Lo he hecho. Y 42 3No lo he hecho. Y 42 4No lo habría hecho. Y 42 5Le he dicho. Y 42 6Me ha dicho. Y 42 7Le habría dicho. Y 42 8ver Y 42 9visto Y 42 10No lo he visto. Y 42 11Lo habríamos visto. Y 42 12Habría ido (con usted). N 42 13

Habría sido posible. Y 42 14No habría sido posible así. Y 42 15Estoy haciéndolo. Y 43 1Lo hago todos los días. Y 43 2

N 43 3hablaba Y 43 4hablaba Y 43 5hablaba Y 43 6hablaba Y 43 7hablaban Y 43 8llamaban Y 43 9compraban Y 43 10vendían Y 43 11Lo hacían. Y 43 12Me decían. Y 43 13Le decíamos. Y 43 14Lo hacíamos. Y 43 15iba Y 44 1Iba a hacerlo. Y 44 2No iba a decirle que iba a hacerlo. Y 44 3Iba a estar aquí. Y 44 4No me ha dicho que iba a llegar hoy. Y 44 5Le habría esperado. Y 44 6Me dijo. Y 45 1No me dijo. Y 45 2No me dijiste. Y 45 3

N 46 1N 47 1

tuvieron Y 47 2tuviste N 47 3tuvimos Y 47 4dijeron Y 47 5Le dijimos. Y 47 6No me dijo que iba a llegar hoy. Y 47 7No me dijiste que ibas a llegar hoy. Y 47 8Le habría esperado. Y 47 9Te habría esperado. Y 47 10esperaba Y 48 1Le esperaba. Y 48 2Te esperaba. Y 48 3Me esperaba. Y 48 4

N 48 5Lo hacía. Y 48 6Le decía. Y 48 7

N 48 8Lo hacía todos los días. Y 48 9habla Y 48 10habló Y 48 11hablaba Y 48 12Lo hizo esta mañana. Y 49 1Me decía. Y 49 2Lo puso aquí. Y 49 3Lo ponía aquí todos los días. Y 49 4No puedo verlo. Y 49 5

No sé dónde está. Y 49 6Lo puso aquí esta mañana. Y 49 7Me decía. Y 49 8

N 50 1supe Y 50 2supo Y 50 3supieron Y 50 4supiste Y 50 5supimos Y 50 6

N 50 7fui Y 50 8Fui a verlo anoche. Y 50 9Fue a verlo. Y 50 10fueron Y 50 11fue Y 50 12fuiste Y 50 13fuimos Y 50 14Fuimos a verlo. Y 50 15

N 51 1Fue posible. Y 51 2era N 51 3fue N 51 4

N 52 1sabía Y 52 2No sabía que iba a llegar hoy. Y 52 3No tenía el tiempo. Y 52 4Estaba ocupado. Y 52 5

N 53 1quise / quería Y 53 2Quise hacerlo. / Quería hacerlo. Y 53 3querría Y 53 4

N 54 1Quiso hacerlo. Y 54 2Quisieron hacerlo. Y 54 3quisiera Y 55 1Me gustaría hacerlo. Y 55 2Querría hacerlo. Y 55 3Quisiera hacerlo. Y 55 4Podría hacerlo. Y 56 1

N 56 2Puede ... Y 56 3

N 57 1Tiene que esperar aquí. Y 57 2Tiene que esperarme. Y 57 3No es necesario que espere. Y 57 4No tiene que esperar. Y 57 5necesito Y 57 6No necesita esperar. / No necesitas esperar. / No necesitan esperar. Y 57 7Quería verlo. Y 58 1

N 58 2podría Y 58 3¿Podría decirme? Y 58 4No pude verlo. N 58 5No podía hacerlo. N 58 6

N 59 1si supiera Y 59 2Si tuviera el tiempo lo haría. Y 59 3si estuviera allí Y 59 4le diría Y 59 5tenía Y 59 6Lo había vendido. Y 60 1hubieron Y 60 2si lo hubiera vendido Y 60 3si lo hubiera visto Y 60 4Lo habría comprado. N 60 5Si lo hubiera sabido, le habría dicho. Y 60 6hiciera Y 61 1Si yo lo supiera, le diría. Y 61 2

N 62 1Lo haría. Y 62 2Lo compraría. Y 62 3Lo habría comprado. Y 62 4Lo compraba. Y 63 1Lo vendía. Y 63 2Lo ha vendido. Y 63 3Lo hemos vendido. Y 63 4Lo han vendido. Y 63 5Lo vendían. Y 63 6si lo vendiera Y 63 7Lo hubiera vendido. Y 63 8si hubiera estado allí anoche Y 63 9Lo habría visto. Y 63 10Y lo habría comprado. Y 63 11Lo hubiera comprado. Y 63 12No pienso que venga. Y 64 1No estoy seguro. Y 64 2No estuve seguro. Y 64 3No estaba seguro. Y 64 4No sabía que viniera. Y 64 5

N 65 1ojalá Y 65 2Ojalá que venga. Y 65 3

N 66 1buscar Y 66 2Lo buscaba. Y 66 3Lo perdí y lo buscaba pero no pude encontrarlo. Y 66 4Lo había comprado. Y 67 1si me hubiera llamado anoche Y 67 2y si me hubiera dicho Y 67 3que iba a llegar hoy Y 67 4

N 68 1Le habría esperado. Y 68 2Habría hecho una reservación. N 68 3Habríamos cenado. N 68 4

Habríamos ido a verlo. Y 68 5Habría sido muy interesante. N 68 6Si lo hubiera sabido, lo habría hecho. Y 69 1Lo hubiera hecho. Y 69 2No habría podido hacerlo. Y 69 3debería Y 70 1habría podido Y 70 2habría debido Y 70 3Habría debido decirme. Y 70 4Habría podido decirme. Y 70 5Me habría dicho. Y 70 6Habría debido hacerlo. Y 70 7Me diría. N 70 8

N 71 1