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Estimating Anthropogenic Recharge to the Barton Springs Segment of the Edwards Aquifer (Austin, Texas). Michael Passarello Jackson School of Geological Science The University of Texas at Austin 11/30/10. More than 50% of global population live in urban areas - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Estimating Anthropogenic Recharge to Estimating Anthropogenic Recharge to the Barton Springs Segment of the the Barton Springs Segment of the Edwards Aquifer (Austin, Texas)Edwards Aquifer (Austin, Texas)
Michael PassarelloJackson School of Geological Science
The University of Texas at Austin11/30/10
Why StudyWhy StudyUrban Hydrogeology?Urban Hydrogeology?
1. More than 50% of global population live in urban areas2. This percentage, total urban population, and urban
sprawl are increasing3. Urbanized areas are more vulnerable to pollutants and
are more prone to flooding 4. Groundwater is often an underutilized resource in
urban areas5. Urban areas supplant critical environmental areas
Effects of artificial recharge sources
Case study: Barton Springs segment / Edwards Aquifer
•Well studied karst aquifer
•Rapidly growing urban area
•History of community conflict
•Approved GAM for allocation
•Hydrogeological modeling based on the GAM
~5mi
N
About 25% of the world’s population depends on karstic water supply
40% of the United States uses water from karstic areas.
Austin
Barton Springs
ContributingZone
RechargeZone Artesian
Zone
BS Monthly Streamflow & Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
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Monthly BS Discharge Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
Barton Springs Discharge Barton Springs Discharge vs. vs.
PrecipitationPrecipitation
BS Monthly Streamflow & Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
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Monthly BS Discharge Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
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BS M
onth
ly S
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flow
, in
ft3/s
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25.00
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Jan-17 Jan-18 Jan-19 Jan-20 Jan-21 Jan-22 Jan-23 Jan-24 Jan-25 Jan-26 Jan-27 Jan-28 Jan-29 Jan-30 Jan-31 Jan-32 Jan-33 Jan-34 Jan-35 Jan-36 Jan-37 Jan-38 Jan-39 Jan-40 Jan-41 Jan-42 Jan-43 Jan-44 Jan-45 Jan-46 Jan-47 Jan-48 Jan-49 Jan-50 Jan-51 Jan-52 Jan-53 Jan-54 Jan-55 Jan-56 Jan-57 Jan-58 Jan-59 Jan-60 Jan-61 Jan-62 Jan-63 Jan-64 Jan-65 Jan-66 Jan-67 Jan-68 Jan-69 Jan-70 Jan-71 Jan-72 Jan-73 Jan-74 Jan-75 Jan-76 Jan-77 Jan-78 Jan-79 Jan-80 Jan-81 Jan-82 Jan-83 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-90 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-030.00
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in/M
abry
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thly
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cipi
tatio
n, in
inch
es
BS Monthly Streamflow & Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
0.00
20.00
40.00
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100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
Jan-17 Jan-18 Jan-19 Jan-20 Jan-21 Jan-22 Jan-23 Jan-24 Jan-25 Jan-26 Jan-27 Jan-28 Jan-29 Jan-30 Jan-31 Jan-32 Jan-33 Jan-34 Jan-35 Jan-36 Jan-37 Jan-38 Jan-39 Jan-40 Jan-41 Jan-42 Jan-43 Jan-44 Jan-45 Jan-46 Jan-47 Jan-48 Jan-49 Jan-50 Jan-51 Jan-52 Jan-53 Jan-54 Jan-55 Jan-56 Jan-57 Jan-58 Jan-59 Jan-60 Jan-61 Jan-62 Jan-63 Jan-64 Jan-65 Jan-66 Jan-67 Jan-68 Jan-69 Jan-70 Jan-71 Jan-72 Jan-73 Jan-74 Jan-75 Jan-76 Jan-77 Jan-78 Jan-79 Jan-80 Jan-81 Jan-82 Jan-83 Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-90 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-030.00
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Monthly BS Discharge Austin/Mabry Monthly Precipitation
Barton Springs Discharge Barton Springs Discharge vs. vs.
PrecipitationPrecipitation
Sources of Additional Sources of Additional RechargeRecharge
Anthropogenic Sources1. Leaky water distribution and wastewater lines
2. Excess irrigation of lawns and agriculture
3. Leaky stormwater management structures
4. Impoundments built to enhance recharge
This ResearchThis ResearchObjective: Model recharge to the
Edwards Aquifer without relying on historical discharge from Barton Springs◦Demonstrate that continued increases in
discharge from Barton Springs are from anthropogenic sources
◦Develop a model framework that utilizes precipitation, land use, and anthropogenic data sets
MethodologyMethodology Determined total monthly recharge amounts for each cell of
Texas’ state approved Groundwater Availability Model (GAM)
The GAM for the Barton Springs segment of the Edwards Aquifer consists of a grid of 7,038 ModFlow cells
Each cell is 500,000 ft2 with ~1/2 overlaying the Recharge Zone south of downtown Austin, TX
Total recharge for each ModFlow cell is defined as:1. Direct recharge from precipitation based on land use type (Impervious
vs Pervious)2. Anthropogenic recharge from leaking water distribution and
wastewater lines as well as irrigation return flow
Direct Recharge1.Average monthly precipitation for each GAM cell from 1999 - 2010
(Nexrad).
2.Total area of Impervious and Pervious cover for each GAM cell for each year from 1999 – 2010 (City of Austin land use surveys).
3.Percentage of precipitation that contributes to direct recharge for Impervious and Pervious land cover within Austin, TX. (Wiles, 2007 and Hauwert, 2008).
Required Data SetsRequired Data Sets
graphics from Tom Wiles
Anthropogenic Recharge – Leaky Utility Lines1.Average leakage rates for water distribution and wastewater lines
in Austin, TX (Austin Water Utility and Garcia-Fresca, 2004).
2.Monthly volumes of water distributed and treated within Austin, TX from 1999 – 2010 (Austin Water Utility)
3.Total length of water distribution and wastewater lines for each GAM cell for each year from 1999 – 2010 (City of Austin).
Required Data SetsRequired Data Sets
Leakage volumes were evenly distributed over the entire pipe network
(ft3/month per foot of pipe)
Anthropogenic Recharge – Irrigation Return Flow1.Irrigation (I) = (Water Distributed – Water Treated) – Pipe Leakage
2.Irrigation Return Flow = I – Plant Water Requirement satisfied by irrigation
3.Average monthly precipitation for each GAM cell from 1999 – 2010
Required Data SetsRequired Data Sets
4. Average monthly Palmer Drought Index for the Austin area
5. Total area of Austin’s water service area for each GAM cell
Questions?Questions?
