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Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis· 1986
Experimental Biology and Medicine
Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis· 1986, edited by Renneth A. Walsh, 1987
Regulation of Immune Gene Expression, edited by Marc Feldmann and Andrew McMichael, 1986
Biological Methylation and Drug Design: Experimental and Clinical Roles of S-Adenosylmethionine, edited by Ronald T. Borchardt, Cyrus R. Creveling, and Per Magne Ueland, 1986
Retroviruses and Human Pathology, edited by Robert C. Gallo, Dominique Stehelin, and Oliviero E. Varnier, 1985
Directed Drug Delivery, edited by Ronald T. Borchardt, Arnold Repta, and Valentino Stella, 1985
Immune Regulation, edited by Marc Feldmann and N. A. Mitchison, 1985
Human T Cell Clones: A New Approach to Immune Regulation, edited by Marc Feldmann, Jonathan R. Lamb, and James N. Woody, 1985
Inositol and Phosphoinositides: Metabolism and Regulation, edited by John E. Bleasdale, Joseph Eichberg, and George Hauser, 1985
Growth, Cancer, and the Cell Cycle, edited by Philip Skehan and Susan J. Friedman, 1984
Ir Genes, edited by Carl W. Pierce, Susan E. Cullen, Judith A. Kapp, Benjamin D. Schwartz, and Donald C. Shreffler, 1983
Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis, edited by Marshall Elzinga, 1982
Inflammatory Diseases and Copper, edited by John R. J. Sorenson, 1982
Membrane Fluidity: Biophysical Techniques and Cellular Regulation, edited by Morris Kates and Arnis Kuksis, 1980
Methods in Protein Sequence
Analysis • 1986
Edited by
Kenneth A. Walsh
University of Washington, Seattle
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
© Copyright 1987 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Humana Press Inc. in 1987
AII rights of any nature whatsoever reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, includ ing electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilm ing, recording, computer database entry, or networking, or in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher.
Llbrary of Congress Cataloglng in Publication Data
Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis, 1986.
(Experimental biology and medicine) "Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Methods in Protein
Sequence Analysis) held at the University of Washington in Seattle on August 17-21, 1986"-Pref.
Includes index. 1. Amino acid sequence--Congresses. 2. Protein engineering-Congresses.
3. Molecular biology-Techniqu~ongresses. 1. Walsh, Kenneth A. II. International Conference on Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis (6th: 1986: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington) III. Series: Experimental biology and medicine (Clifton, NJ)
OP551.M395 1987 574.19'245 86-27681 ISBN 978-1-4757-5826-9 ISBN 978-1-59259-480-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-59259-480-1
PREFACE
Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis - 1986 brings together reports of the most recent methodology available to protein chemists for studying the molecular detail of proteins. The papers in this volume constitute the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis, which was held at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington on August 17-21, 1986. This series of conferences has taken place during a period when new techniques in protein chemistry and molecular biology have enabled not only exploration of the control of protein function, but also deduction of the genetic origin of proteins, and laboratory generation of rare protein molecules for therapeutic and commercial use. The current reports are focused on the means by which experimental questions can be answered rather than on the biological implications in specific systems.
The scope of the meeting was quite broad, emphasizing microanalytical techniques and the relative merits of DNA sequencing, mass spectrometry and more traditional degradation techniques. A highlight of the meeting was the Qrowing awareness of the role of mass spectrometry In the analysis of proteins. The complementarity of protein sequencing and DNA sequencing techniques was apparent throughout the discussions and several papers dealt with the strategy of obtaining sequence information from small amounts of protein in order that appropriate oligonucleotide probes could be constructed and the encoding nucleic acids se.quenced and manipulated. The importance of protein chemistry in the
v
vi Preface
biotechnology field was also stressed. Besides debating the practical limits of analytical stringency and the best approaches for gaining information from subnanomole quantities of protein, contributors also dealt with the range of posttranslational modifications that are not evident from an analysis of DNA sequences alone.
The scientific program of the conference included both oral and poster presentations. Most of the oral presentations are represented by manuscripts included in this volume. In addition, the authors of several particularly timely poster presentations were asked to contribute manuscripts to this volume. Taken together, these papers provide up-to-date accounts of modern techniques in protein chemistry and a source of timely experimental methods that are suitable to probe for a greater understanding of the role of proteins in living systems.
The editor is grateful for the thoughtful guidance of the Scientific Program Committee, for many hours of help by an organizing committee of his laboratory colleagues, and for the corporate sponsors and individual donors that made this conference possible. Special thanks for editorial help are due to Michael Byford, Harry Charbonneau, Marshall Elzinga, Lowell Ericsson, Mark Hermodson, Tom Marti, Hans Neurath, Richard Perham, Katheryn Resing, John Scott, Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold and Richard Woodbury. Finally, since the editor was on sabbatical leave during a critical phase of production of this volume, the organizational efforts and editorial help of his secretary, Mary K. Woods, are gratefully acknowledged.
Kenneth A. Walsh September 10, 1986
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE
Kenneth A. Walsh, U.S.A., Chairman
Klaus Biemann, U.S.A.
J. Donald Capra, U.S.A.
M.-A. Coletti-Previero, France
Marshall Elzinga, U.S.A.
Agnes Henschen, West Germany
Mark A. Hermodson, U.S.A.
Michael W. Hunkapiller, U.S.A.
Kazutomo Imahori, Japan
Hans Jornvall, Sweden
Hans Neurath, U.S.A.
Hugh D. Niall, U.S.A.
Yuri A. Ovchinnikov, U.S.S.R.
Richard N. Perham, Great Britain
Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold, West Germany
Finn Wold, U.S.A.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Primary financing of the conference was provided by the following sponsors:
Applied Biosystems, Inc.
Beckman Instruments/Spinco Division
Millipore Corporation/Waters Chromatography Division
The organizers also gratefully acknowledge financial contributions to the conference by the following donors:
AAA Laboratories
AMGen, Inc.
Bachem AG
Cetus Corporation
Genentech, Inc.
M-Scan, Inc. (U.S.)
Novo Industri A/S
Pierce Chemical Company
University of Washington
viii
CONTENTS
Preface.............................................. v
Scientific Program Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. vii
Acknowledgments .................................... viii
List of Participants .................................. xvii
PERSPECTIVES .......................................... 1
New Ways to Look at Old Proteins Hans Neurath .................................. 3
The Development of a Facility to Analyze and Synthesize Genes and Proteins
L. E. Hood, S. Kent, L. Smith, R. Aebersold, D. Teplow, R. Kaiser, 1. Clark-Lewis, D. Woo, W. Hines and J. Sanders ............. 21
THE INTERFACE OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGy ........................ 43
The Interaction between Molecular Biology and Protein Chemistry
Hugh D. Niall ................................. 45
The Synergism of Protein Chemistry and Recombinant DNA Techniques
Marianna Newkirk, Katheryn Meek, Witold Cieplak, Charles Hasemann and J. Donald Capra ......................................... 53
The Evolution of the Regulatory Response to Products of Recombinant DNA Technology
Frank A. Robey ............................... 67
Analysis of Recombinant Proteins: Current Trends and Practical Limits in Analytical Stringency
R. J. Mattaliano, J. J. Rosa, C. Foeller, J. P. Woodard and M. J. Bertolini ............ 79
ix
x
Methods for Protein Mutagenesis Using Molecu1ar Biology
Contents
Mark J. Zoller ................................ 97
MASS SPECTROMETRIC APPROACHES .................. 121
The Growing Role of Mass Spectrometry Klaus Biemann ..........•.................... 123
Application of 252Cf-PJasma. Desorption Mass Spectrometry in Protein Primary Structure Determination
P. H~jrup, J. J. Enghild and Peter Roepstorff ................................... 143
Protein Sequencing by Tandem Mass Spectrometry D. F. Hunt, J. R. Yates, III and J. Shabanowitz .................................. 149
ANALYTICAL BOUNDARIES ............................ 155
Strategies for the Analysis of the Structure and Function of Cell Surface Receptors
J. Ramachandran, H. Rodriguez, W. Henzel and M. Tsubokawa ......... " .................. 157
Human von Willebrand Factor and the Problems in Sequence Analysis of a 280 K Dalton Protein
Koiti Titani ...•................•............. 171
Covalent Chromatography: A Powerful Tool in Sequence Studies of Membrane Proteins
Yuri A. Ovchinnikov, Najmutin G. Abdulaev, Alexander S. Bogachuk and Carol A. Morris ....................................... 189
MICROANALYTICAL TACTICS .......................... 211
The Role of Mic:robore HPLC in the Purification of Subnanomole Amounts of Polypeptides and Proteins for Gas-phase Sequence Analysis
Richard J. Simpson and Edouard C. Nice ...................................... 213
Contents
Amino Acid Analysis of Submicrogram Hydrolyzate Samples
Brian A. Bidlingmeyer, Thomas L. Tarvin and
xi
Steven A. Cohen .........................•... 229
Automated Solid-phase Sequencing Using Fluorescent Edman Reagents
Johann Salnikow, Zbigniew Palacz and Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold ............................. 247
Protein-blotting from SDS-Polyacrylamide Gels on Glass-fiber Sheets Coated with Quaternized Ammonium Polybases
Joel Vandekerckhove, Guy Bauw, Jozef Van Damme, Magda Puype, and Marc Van Montagu ...................................... 261
Sequence Analysis of Protein from Whole-cell Lysates After Separation in Analytical Twodimensional Gels
Ruedi Aebersold, John Leavitt, Leroy Hood and Stephen Kent ............................ 277
Sequencing Proteins from Two-Dimensional Gels Using a Liquid Pressure Extraction Technique
James D. Pearson, Daryll B. DeWald, Heidi A. Zurcher-Neely, Robert L. Heinrikson and Roger A. Poorman ............................ 295
An Improved Method for IDectroblottlng of Protein from SDS-PAGE Gels for Direct Microsequencing
Terence L. Kirley ............................ 303
Direct Sequence Analysis of Proteins after mectroblotting from SDS/Polyacrylamide Gel Separations
Tomas Bergman and Hans Jornvall ............ 311
Research Resource Faci.lity Satellite Meeting Ronald L. Niece, Donna Atherton, Audree Fowler, Rustylaw Kutny and Alan Smith ........................................ 317
xii Contents
GENER.AI. TACTICS .................................... 321
Microheterogeneity Problems in Protein Sequence Analysis
Hans Jornvall ................................ 323
Generation of Starting Points for Microsequencing with a Protease Specific for the Amino Side of Aspartyl Residues
Gernot Maier, Gabriel R. Drapeau, Karl-Heinz Doenges and Herwig Ponstingl .......... 335
Proteolytic Cleavage in RP-HPLC Solvents Karen G. Welinder ........................... 339
Rapid Generation of Peptides for N-terminal Sequence Analysis Using Immobilized Pronase
Angela Varrichio, Robert Shorr, Michael Minnich, Mark Strohsacker and Stanley T. Crooke ....................................... 345
C-terminal Sequence of Proteins: Rapid Isolation and Edman Sequencing of C-terminal Peptides from Digests
Linda Johnson and George Tarr .............. 351
Carboxy-terminal Sequence Determination of Peptides and Proteins
Hans-Werner Lahm, David H. Hawke, John E. Shively and Charles W. Todd ................. 359
EDMAN DEGRADATION TECHNIQUES ................... 365
Automated Amino Acid Sequence Assignment: Development of a Fully Automated Protein Sequencer Using Edman Degradation
Michael W. Hunkapiller ....................... 367
Solid-phase Microsequencing in Packed Porous Glass Columns: Strategies and Potential for Practical Sequence Analysis
Werner Machleidt, Anka Ritonja, Ursula Borchart, Anna Esterl, Karin Wiedenmann and Helmut Hofner ........................... 385
Contents
Application of Covalently Modified Glass Fibre Supports to Microsequence Analysis
xiii
Rainer Frank and Keith Ashman .............. 403
Multi-purpose Berlin Sequencer: Unit Construction of a Multiple Purpose Machine Assembled as Liquid-, Solid-, or Gas-phase Sequencer
Frank Reimann, Horst Graffunder and Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold ..................... 409
Programmed Cleavage at Proline: Application to the Sequence Determination of Wheat Storage Proteins
W. H. Vensel, D. Lafiandra and D. D. Kasarda ...................................... 415
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS ................ 421
Structural Analysis of Glycoproteins: Identification of Carbohydrates and Other Posttranslational Modifications by Mass Spectrometry
Steven A. Carr and Gerald D. Roberts ...................................... 423
Protein Sequence Analysis of Higbly-glycosylated Proteins: Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) as a Model System
Raymond J. Paxton, Greg Mooser, John Thompson and John E. Shively ............... 437
Identification of Iodinated Amino Acids in Peptide Sequences of Thyroglobulin
J. T. Dunn, L. A. Lamas and J. W. Fox .......................................... 451
Methods of Separating, Detec:ting, Hydrolyzing and Storing Fluorotyrosine, Mono-iodotyrosine and Di-iodotyrosine
L. A. Edwards, R. E. Huber and T. J. Carne ......................................•. 457
xiv Contents
The Determination of Phosphorylation Sites in Peptides and Proteins by Mass Spectrometry
Bradford W. Gibson, Arnold M. Falick, A. L. Burlingame, George L. Kenyon, Linda Poulter, Dudley H. Williams and Philip Cohen ........................................ 463
Identification of Phosphorylated Amino Acid Residues During Gas-phase Sequencing
Yuhuan Wang, Alexander W. Bell, Mark A. Hermodson and Peter J. Roach ............... 479
Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Microscale Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions of Surface-bound Peptides and Proteins
Brian T. Chait, Tanuja Chaudhary and Frank F. Field ...................................... 483
Identification of Posttranslational Modifications in Neuropeptides
J. E. Dixon, R. Yazdanparast, D. Smith and P. C. Andrews ............................... 493
Reinventing the Wheel: General Approaches to the Elucidation of Blocked N-terminal Sequences
Christopher C. Q. Chin and Finn Wold ......................................... 505
The Use of Site-directed Mutagenesis to Study Disulfide Bond Formation and Posttranslational Processing of Insulin Precursors Expressed and Secreted from Yeast
L. Thim, M. T. Hansen, K. Norris, 1. Hoegh, E. Boel, J. Forstrom, G. Ammerer and N. P. Fill .......................................... 513
HOMOLOGY AND DOMAIN SUBSTRUCTURE ............. 519
Sensitivity and Selectivity in Protein Sequence Comparison
William R. Pearson ........................... 521
Contents
Structure and Activity Regulation of Chimeric Proteins: A Case Study of Calcium-activated Neutral Protease
K. Suzuki, Y. Emori, S. Imajoh, S. Ohno, H.
xv
Kawasaki, Y. Minami and S. Miyake .......... 537
The Receptor-binding Sequence of Urokinase E. Appella, E. A. Robinson, S. J. Ullrich, M. P. Stoppelli, A. Corti, C. Cassani and F. Blasi ...................................... 551
Identification and Interpretation of Potential Domains in Protein Sequences
L. T. Hunt, D. G. George, E. 1. Seibel-Ross and w. C. Barker ............................ 555
Strategies for Structural Analysis of Large Proteins: The Utility of Domains, Peptide Sequences, and Peptide Mapping
David W. Speicher ........................... 565
PREDICTIONS AND PROBES OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE ....................... 571
Hydrophobicity Profiles Revisited Jonathan E. Dworkin and George D. Rose ......................................... 573
Determination of Secondary and Te~ Structures of Proteins in Solution by Two-dimensional NMR
Rachel E. KIevit ............................. 587
Improved Hydropbilicity Plotting Method for Membrane Proteins
Thomas P. Hopp .................•........... 601
The Structural Characterization of ProteinProtein Crosslinks in Ribosomes of Different Organisms
T. Pohl, J. Brockmoller and R. M. Kamp ........................................ 609
Carboxyl Group Reactivity in Actin Marshall Elzinga .............................. 615
xvi
Interactions of Hydroxyboron Compounds with Amino Acids and Proteins
Contents
P. M. Gallop, E. Henson, C. J. Strang, M. A. Paz and Y. Okamoto .......................... 625
CLOSING ADDRESS .................................... 633
Concluding Remarks Agnes Henschen .............................. 635
Author Index .......................................... 643
Subject Index .......................................... 647
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
ABDULAEV, Najrnutin, Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R.
ACHARYA, Seethararna A., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, U.S.A.
AEBERSOLD, Ruedi, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
AIR, Gillian M., University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
AITKEN, Alastair, University of London, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, London, United Kingdom
AKIYAMA, Kazuko, Kurume University School of Medicine, Department of Legal Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
ANDERSON, Carl W., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department, Upton, New York, U.S.A.
ANDERSON, Dave, University of Washington, Department of Pathobiology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
ANDREWS, P. C., Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.
ANGELETTI, Ruth Hogue, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Neuropathology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
APPELLA, Ettore, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
ATHERTON, Donna M., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, U.S.A.
AVDALOVIC, Nebosja, Smith Kline Beckman, Sunnyvale, California, U.S.A.
BARKER, David, Protein Databases, Inc., Huntington Station, New York, U.S.A.
BAUDLER, Joan, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
BAUMANN, Marc, University of Helsinki, Recombinant DNA Laboratory, Helsinki, Finland
BEACH, Carol M., University of Kentucky, Department of Biochemistry, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A.
xvii
xviii List of Participants
BECKAGE, Nancy E., Issaquah Health Research Institute, Issaquah, Washington, U.S.A.
BECKER, Robert R., University of Washington, School of Oceanography, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
BEHRENS, Patricia Q., University of Texas, Department of Zoology, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.
BEIER, Norbert, University of Washington, Department of Pharmacology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
BELL, Alexander W., Biotechnology Research Institute, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec Canada
BELL, Michael P., Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.
BEN-AVRAM, Chad, Beckman Research Institute at the City of Hope, Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A.
BENNICH, Hans, Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Uppsala, Sweden
BERGMAN, Tomas, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Chemistry I, Stockholm, Sweden
BEURKLlAN, Adrine, Mi"igan Division of Mi"ipore, Bedford, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
BHIKHABAI, Rama, Pharmacia AB - Biotechnology, Uppsala, Sweden
BHOWN, Ajit S., University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
BIDLINGMEYER, Brian A., Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore, Inc., Milford, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
BIEMANN, Klaus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
BIRKMEYER, Kim D., E. I. duPont deNemours, Inc., duPont Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.
BIRNBAUM, Roger S., Veterans Administration Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, U.S.A.
BISHOP, Paul D., Washington State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Pullman, Washington, U.S.A.
BITNER, Rex M., 3M Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. BLACHER, Russell, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, Cali
fornia, U.S.A. BLACKSTOCK, Walter P., Glaxa Group Research, Ltd., Middle
sex, United Kingdom BLANKENSHIP, Dale T., Merre" Dow Research Institute, Cincin
nati, Ohio, U.S.A. BLEIBAUM, Janice L., University of California, Department of
Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
List of Participants xix
BLOMQUIST, Margaret C., Georgetown University Medical Center, National Biiomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., U.S.A.
BLOSE, Stephen H., Protein Databases, Inc., Huntington Station, New York, U.S.A.
BLUM, Max, University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
BOND, Martha W., DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.
BONNAFOUS, J. C., Centre CNRS INSERM de Pharmacologie, Montpellier, France
BOOSMAN, Albert, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California, U.S.A.
BOWDEN, David, IBM Corporation, San Jose, California, U.S.A. BRENNER, Michael, Salk Institute of Biotechnology, San Diego,
California, U.S.A. BROWN, Simone B., University of Calgary, Division of Biochem
istry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada BRUSCHI, Mireille, CNRS Lab de Chimie Bacterienne, Marseille,
France BURKE, Michael F., University of Arizona, Chemistry Department,
Tucson, ARizona, U.S.A. BURLINGAME, A. L., University of California, School of Phar
macy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
BURNS, Douglas M., American Lake Veterans Administration Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, U.S.A.
BURSTEIN, Yigal, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Tel Aviv, Israel
BYFORD, Michael, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
CAO, Tin M., Corn Products International, Summit, Illinois, U.S.A. CAPONY, J. P., CNRS Biochimie MacrQmoleculaire, Montpellier,
France CAPRA, J. Donald, The University of Texas Health Science Cen
ter, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. CAPRIOLl, Richard M., University of Texas Medical School,
Houston, Texas, U.S.A. CARDIN, Alan D., Merrell Dow Research Institute, Cincinnati,
Ohio, U.S.A. CARNE, Alan, University of Otago, Department of Biochemsitry,
Dunedin, New Zealand CARNE, Alex F., Celltech, Berkshire, United Kingdom CARNE, Thomas J., University of Calgary, Department of Chem
istry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
xx List of Participants
CARPENTER, Michael R., University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
CARR, C. David, The Separations Group, Hesperia, California, U.S.A.
CARR, Steven A., Smith Kline and French Laboratories, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
CARVALLO, Dorothee, Transgene, Strasbourg, France CHAIT, Brian T., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York,
U.S.A. CHAN, Christine P., University of Washington, Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. CHAN, Wai-Pan, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California, U.S.A. CHARBONNEAU, Harry, University of Washington, Department of
Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. CHASE, Diana S., Guys Hospital, Pediatric Research Unit, Lon
don, United Kingdom CHEN, Shiuan, Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope,
Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A. CHIKUMA, Don, E. I. duPont deNemours, Inc., Claremont, Cali
fornia, U.S.A. CHIN, Christopher C. Q., University of Texas Medical School,
Houston, Texas, U.S.A. CHOW, E. Ping, Biogen Research Corporation, Cambridge, Mas
sachusetts, U.S.A. CLARK, Bryan R., City of Hope, National Medical Center, Duarte,
California, U.S.A. COLETTI-PREVIERO, Maria A., INSERM Chimie des Macro
molecules d'interet Biologique, Montpelier, France CONROY, Stephen C., Case Western Research University,
Department of Biochemistry, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. COPELAND, Terry E., NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility,
Frederick, Maryland, U.S.A. CRABB, John W., W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center, Lake
Placid, New York, U.S.A. CRAIG, Anthony, Uppsala University, Department of Immunology,
Uppsala, Sweden CRAIG, Bill, Salk Institute of Biotechnology, San Diego, California,
U.S.A. CRIMMINS, Dan L., Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Louis,
Missouri, U.S.A. CRISTINA, Dennis L., Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore,
Inc., Federal Way, Washington, U.S.A. DAVIS, Gary, Molecular Therapeutics, Inc., West Haven, Con
necticut, U.S.A.
List of Participants XXI
DE OGNY, Lynn, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.
DECEDUE, Charles J., University of Kansas, Department of Chemistry, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
DENNER, Larry A., Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
DENOROY, Luc, University Claude Bernard, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lyon, France
DIANOUX, Anne-Christine, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires, Dept. Biochimie, Grenoble, France
DISPER, Steven S., University of California, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
DIXON, Jack, Purdue University, Department of Biochemistry, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.
DOUGHERTY, John J., Jr., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, U.S.A.
DUNBAR, Joan C., University of California, Department of Biological Chemistry, Irvine, California, U.S.A.
DUNN, Ben M., University of Florida, Department of Biochemistry, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.
DUNN, John T., University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
EARLY, Sherrell L., University of Illinois Health Science Center, Department of Biological Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
EDWARDS, Lois A., University of Calgary, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
EINARSON, Brett L., International Genetic Engineering, Santa Monica, California, U.S.A.
ELZINGA, Marshall, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department, Upton, New York, U.S.A.
ENFIELD, David L., International Minerals and Chemicals Corporation, Terre Haute, Indiana, U.S.A.
ENGSTROM, Ake, Uppsala University, Department of Immunol-ogy, Uppsala, Sweden .
ERICSSON, Lowell H., University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
FEILD, Mark J., North Carolina State University, Biochemistry Department, Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A.
FEISTNER, Gottfried, Stanford University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford, California, U.S.A.
FERRARA, Pascual, ELF Bio Recherches, Tolosan, France FINNEGAN, Joan, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, Califor
nia, U.S.A. FISCHER, Stephan, Boehringer Mannheim GMbH, Tutzing, West
Germany
xxii List of Participants
FLETCHER,Paul L., East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, U.S.A.
FORSTROM, John W., ZymoGenetics, Inc., Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
FOWLER, Audree V., UCLA School of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
FOWLER, Elizabeth, Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, U.S.A.
FOX, Jay W., University of Virginia Medical School, Department of Microbiology, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
FRANK, Gerhard, ETH - Honggerberg, Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
FRANK, Rainier, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, West Germany
FRIEDRICH, Joachim, Max-Planck-Institut for Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, West Germany
FULRATH, Nancy K., U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, U.S.A.
FURLONG, Clement E., University of Washington, Department of Genetics, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
FUSHITANI, Kenzo, University of Texas, Department of Zoology, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.
GALLOP, Paul M., Harvard School of Medicine and Dental Laboratory of Human Biochemsitry, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
GARRELS, James I., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, U.S.A.
GEOGHEGAN, Kieran F., Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut, U.S.A. GEORGE, David G., Georgetown University Medical Center,
National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., U.S.A.
GIBSON, Brad, University of California, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
GKONOS, Peter J., American Lake Veterans Administration Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, U.S.A.
GLANVILLE, Robert W., Shriners Hospital, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.
GOLDMANN, Wilfred G., University of Cologne, Institute of Genetics, Cologne, West Germany
GORKA, John, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
GORNIAK, Joselina G., Smith Kline and French, Swedeland, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
GRANBERG, Richard R., LKB Instruments, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.
List of Participants xxiii
GRANLUND-MOYER, Kristina, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
GRANT, Gregory A., Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
GRANT, Raymond A., Proctor and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
GRAVES, Donald T., Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, U.S.A. GREER, Fiona M., M-Scan, Ltd., Berkshire, United Kingdom GRIFFITH, Joseph, Centocor, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. GRUBER, Stephen C., Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, New
Jersey, U.S.A. GUBANOV, V. V., Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry,
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R. HOJRUP, Peter, University of Odense, Department of Molecular
Biology, Odense, Denmark HAASE, Carl, Rohm and Haas, Spring House, Pennsylvania,
U.S.A. HANIU, Mitsuru, Backman Research Institute, the City of Hope,
Duarte, California, U.S.A. HANSEN, Ole C., University of Copenhagen, The Protein Labora
tory, Copenhagen, Denmark HARBOUR, Gary C., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michi
gan, U.S.A. HARKINS, Richard N., Triton Biosciences, Inc., Alameda, Califor
nia, U.S.A. HARRIS, Reed, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California,
U.S.A. HARRYLOCK, Maria, University of Washington, Department of
Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. HARTWELL, Roy, Microbial Technology Laboratory, Centre for
Applied Microbiology and Research, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
HATHAWAY, Gary M., University of California, Biochemistry Department, Riverside, California, U.S.A.
HAWKE, David, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
HAYASHI, Hiroyuki, Wako Chemicals, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. HAYES, Timothy K., Texas A & M University, Texas Agricultural
Experimental Station, Department of Entomology, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
HEINRIKSON, Robert L., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, U.S.A.
HELLMAN, Uif G. T., Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
xxiv List of Participants
HEMPEL, John D., University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
HENRY, Landis, De Danske Sukkerfabriker, Biotechnology Section, Copenhagen, Denmark
HENSCHEN, Agnes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried bei Munich, West Germany
HENZEL, William J., Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
HERBST, Franz, Organogen, Medicine and Microbiology, Heidelberg, West Germany
HERMODSON, Mark A., Purdue University, Department of Biochemistry, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.
HILTON, lan, Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore Corporation, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
HINES, Wade M., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
HOFMANN, Theo, University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
HOOD, Leroy E., California Institute of Technology, Division of .... Biology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
HOOG, Jan-Olov, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Chemistry I, Stockholm, Sweden
HOPP, Thomas P., Immunex Corporation, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
HORN, Marcus J., Applied Protein Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
HUANG, Wei-Yong, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
HUBER, Reuben E., University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
HUEBNER, Floyd R., U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Station, North Regional Research Center, Peoria, Illinois, U.S.A.
HUEBNER, Verena, Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope, Duarte, California, U.S.A.
HUGGETT, Anthony C., National Cancer Institute, Nationallnstitutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
HUNKAPILLER, Michael W., Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
HUNT, Donald F., University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
HUNT, Lois T., Georgetown University Medical Center, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., U.S.A.
List of Participants xxv
IMAHORI, Kazutomo, Mitsubishi Kasei Institute of life Sciences, Tokyo,Japan
JAYARAMAN, Krishna, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, U.S.A.
JEFFREY, Gorman J., CSIRO/AAHL, Geelong, Victoria, Australia JEFFS, Peter W., Smith Kline and French Laboratories, Philadel
phia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. JOHNSON, Charles M., W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center, Lake
Placid, New York, U.S.A. JOHNSON, Linda l., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
.. U.S.A. JORNVALL, Hans, The Karolinska Institutet, Department of
Chemistry I, Stockholm, Sweden JOSHI, Shashikant B., University of Toronto, Department of Clini
cal Biochemistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada JUAN, Elvira, University of Barcelona, Department of Genetics,
Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain KAISER, Rudolf, The Karolinska Institutet, Department of Chem
istry I, Stockholm, Sweden KALKKINEN, Nisse, University of Helsinki, Recombinant DNA,
Helsinki, Finland KAMP, Roza M., Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics,
Berlin, West Germany KANAYA, Shigenori, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd., Protein
Engineering Research Institute, Yokohoma, Japan KAPPEL, William K., Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, Mis
souri, U.S.A. KAROL, Robert J., Milligen Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts,
U.S.A. KAUFFMAN, Dorothy l., University of Washington, Department
of Oral Biology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. KAWASHIMA, Seiichi, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontol
ogy, Tokyo, Japan KECK, Rodney G., Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Cali
fornia, U.S.A. KEIM, Pamela S., Spinco Division of Beckman Instruments,
Molecular Structure Products, Sunnyvale, California, U.S.A. KELLER, Patricia J., University of Washington, School of Den
tistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. KELLY, Mary E., North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North
Carolina, U.S.A. KENNA, Rowland A., Boehringer Mannheim Biochemicals, Indi
anapolis, Indiana, U.S.A. KENNY, James W., Calgene, Inc., Davis, California, U.S.A.
xxvi List of Participants
KENT, Stephen B. H., California Institute of Technology, Biology Division, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
KEYT, Bruce, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
KIELLAND, Sandra L., University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
KIMBALL, Hugh, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
KIRLEY, Terence L., University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
KLEVIT, Rachel, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
KNECHT, Rene, Ciba-Geigy, Ltd., Basel, Switzerland KNOTT, Jacqueline A., Glaxo Group Research, Ltd., Biotechnol
ogy Department, Middlesex, United Kingdom KOBAYASHI, Ryuji, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
U.S.A. KOCHER, Hans Peter, F. Hoffmann-La Roche and Company,
Ltd., Basel, Switzerland KOGER, Jeanne B., North Carolina State University, Raleigh,
North Carolina, U.S.A. KOHR, William J., Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Califor
nia, U.S.A. KRIEGER, Barbara L., E. I. duPont deNemours and Company,
Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A. KRUTZSCH, Henry C., National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,
Maryland, U.S.A. KUBOTA, Ichiro, Suntory Institute of Biomedical Research,
Osaka,Japan KUHN, Carl C., W. Alton Jones Cell Science Center, Lake Placid,
New York, U.S.A. KUMAR, Santosh, University of Washington, Department of Bio
chemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. KYIN, Saw, University of Illinois, Genetic Engineering Facility,
Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A. LAHM, Hans, Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope,
Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A. LAI, Por-Hsiung, AMGen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, U.S.A. LAURSEN, Richard A., Boston University, Chemistry Department,
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. LAZURE, Claude, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Mon
treal, Quebec, Canada LE TRONG, Hai, University of Washington, Department of Bio
chemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
List of Participants xxvii
LEDERER, Florence, CNRS, Clinic of Nephrology, Paris, France LEE, Howard M., Xoma Corporation, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. LEE, Terry, Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope, Divi-
sion of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A. LEE, Young M., Michigan State University, Department of Bio
chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A. LEISTEN, David, Fertility and Reproductive Services, Forest Hills,
New York, U.S.A. LEVINSON, Leslie S., Columbia University, Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, New York, New York, U.S.A. LEW, Ellen J. L., U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western
Regional Research Center, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. LEYKAM, Joseph F., Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Clayton,
Missouri, U.S.A. LlNDORFER, Margaret A., University of Oregon, Institute of
Molecular Biology, Eugene, Oregon, U.S.A. LlOUBIN, Mario, Oncogen, Inc., Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. LIPKIN, V. M., Shemaykin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry,
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R. LOTTSPEICH, Freidrich, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry,
Martinsried bei Munich, West Germany LU, Hsieng S., AMGen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, U.S.A. LUKAS, Thomas J., Vanderbilt University, Howard Hughes Medi
cal Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. MACHLEIDT, Werner, University of Munich, Institute for Physio
logical Chemistry, Munich, West Germany MAIER, Gernot, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg,
West Germany MANJULA, Belur N., The Rockefeller University, New York, New
York, U.S.A. MARAGANORE, John M., ZymoGenetics, Inc., Seattle, Wash
ington, U.S.A. MARCH, Carl J., Immunex Corporation, Department of Protein
Chemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. MARGOLIES, Michael N., Massachusetts General Hospital,
Department of Surgery, Boston, Masschusetts, U.S.A. MARIE, Jacky, Endocrinology CNRS-INSERM, Center for Phar
macology, Montpellier, France MARQUARDT, Hans, Oncogen, Inc., Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. MARTI, Tom, University of Washington, Department of Biochem
istry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. MATRISIAN, Paul E., Vanderbilt University, Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, Nashville, Tennesee, U.S.A. MATTALIANO, Robert, Biogen Research Corporation, Cam
bridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
xxviii List of Participants
McMULLEN, Brad, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
MEADE, Laurence G., LKB Biochrom, Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
MEINECKE, Lothar, University of Bielefeld, Department of Biochemistry, Bielefeld, West Germany
MERRIAM, Janet M., Immunex Corporation, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
MERRY, Garry, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
MEUTH, Joseph L., Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, U.S.A.
MIEDEL, May Chang, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey, U.S.A.
MISONO, Kunio S., Vanderbilt University, Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.
MIYATA, Toshiyuki, Kyushu University, Department of Biology, Fukuoka,Japan
MOCK, Kuldip K., Integrated Genetics, Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
MOLE, John E., University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Worcester, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
MONTECUCCHI, Piercarlo, Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Milan, Italy MORGAN, Francis J., St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research,
Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia MORLEY, Pamela, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, Califor
nia, U.S.A. MORRIS, Judy C., G. D. Searle/Monsanto, St. Louis, Missouri,
U.S.A. MOYER, Mary B., Ciba-Geigy Biotechnology Research Unit,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, U.S.A. MURPHY, Charles L., University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Ten
nessee, U.S.A. NAZIMOV, I. V., Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry,
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R. NEAME, Peter J., University of Alabama at Birmingham, Institute
of Dental Research, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A. NEURATH, Hans, University of Washington, Department of Bio
chemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. NEUTEBOOM, Ben, Biochemistry Laboratory, Rijksuniversiteit
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands NEWKIRK, Marianna M., University of Texas Health Science
Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.
List of Participants
NGUYEN, Nga Y., Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drugs and Biologics, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
xxix
NIALL, Hugh D., Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
NIECE, Ronald L., University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
NIKA, Heinz, University of Stockholm, Department of Zoological Cell Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
NORTON, Sheila E., University of Michigan, Department of Pharmacology, Protein Sequencing Facility, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
NOYES, Claudia M., University of North Carolina, Department of Hematology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
NUGENT, Kerry D., IBM Instruments, Inc., San Jose, California, U.S.A.
OFFNER, Gwynneth D., Boston University, Department of Biochemistry, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
OGLE, David G., Beckman Instruments, Inc., Sunnyvale, California, U.S.A.
OLAFSON, Robert W., University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
OSTERLUND, Bengt R., Pharmacia AB, Uppsala, Sweden PADGETT, Mary P., National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Mary
land, U.S.A. PALMIERI, Richard H., Beckman Instruments, Inc., Sunnyvale,
California, U.S.A. PAMUKCO, Mehmet, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, Cali
fornia, U.S.A. PARTEN, Benne F., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan,
U.S.A. PAXTON, Raymond J., Beckman Research Institute, The City of
Hope, Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A. PEARSON, James D., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michi
gan, U.S.A. PEARSON, William, University of Virginia, Department of Bio
chemistry, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. PERHAM, Richard N., University Department of Biochemistry,
Cambridge, United Kingdom PERINI, Fulvlo, University of Michigan, Department of Pharmacol
ogy, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. PHILLIPS, Nelson B., Case Western Reserve University, Depart
ment of Biochemistry, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. PONSTINGL, Herwig, German Cancer Research Center, Institute
for Cell and Tumor Biology, Heidelberg, West Germany
xxx List of Participants
PREISS, Jack, Michigan State University, Department of Biochemistry, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A.
RAMACHANDRAN, Janakiraman, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
RANDALL, Richard R., Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.
RECNY, Michael A., Genetics Institute, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
REIMANN, Erwin M., Medical College of Ohio, Department of Biochemistry, Toledo, Ohio, U.S.A.
REIMANN, Frank U., Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Genetics, Berlin, West Germany
REISS, Paul D., Milligen, Bedford, Massachusetts, U.S.A. RESING, Katheryn A., University of Washington, Department of
Periodontics, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. RICHARDSON, Charles, Syntro Corporation, San Diego, Califor
nia, U.S.A. RIGGS, Austen Fox, University of Texas, Department of Zoology,
Austin, Texas, U.S.A. RITONJA, Anka, University of Munich, Institute for Physiological
Chemistry, Munich, West Germany ROBERTS, Daniel M., Vanderbilt University, Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. ROBEY, Frank A., U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of
Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. RODRIGUEZ, Henry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Cal
ifornia, U.S.A. ROLLER, Peter P., National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. ROSE, George, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey Medical
Center, Department of Biological Chemistry, Hershey, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
RUSH, Robert, Seragen, ItiG., Lexington, Massachusetts, U.S.A. RUSHBROOK, Julie I., SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn,
New York, U.S.A. SAARI, John C., University of Washington, Department of Oph
thalmology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. SAKIYAMA, Fumio, Osaka University, Institute for Protein
Research, Osaka, Japan SALNIKOW, Johann, Technical University of Berlin, Institute for
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Berlin, West Germany SARIN, Virender K., Abbott Laboratories, Department of Molecu
lar Biology, Abbott Park, Illinois, U.S.A. SAYRE, Shirley A., Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, U.S.A.
List of Participants
SCHALLER, Johann, University of Bern, Institute for Biochemistry, Bern, Switzerland
xxxi
SCHILLER, Dorothea L., California Institute of Technology, Biology Division, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
SCHILLING, James W., California Biotechnology, Inc., Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.
SCHLESINGER, David H., New York University Medical Center, Plainsboro, New Jersey, U.S.A.
SCHWARTZ, Thue W., MRC Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Copenhagen, Denmark
SCOTT, John D., University of Washington, Howard Hughes Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
SESSIONS, Vickie, Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope, Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A.
SEYER, Jerome M., University of Tennessee, Department of Biochemistry, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.A.
SHANNON, John D., University of Virginia, Department of Microbiology, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
SHIVELY, John E., Beckman Research Institute, The City of Hope, Division of Immunology, Duarte, California, U.S.A.
SHREVE, David S., Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio, U.S.A.
SIBILLI, Lise, Institute Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Paris, France
SIBLEY, Steve, Hewlett-Packard Instruments, Bellevue, Washington, U.S.A.
SIEGEL, Ned R., Monsanto Company, Biological Sciences Department, Chesterfield, Missouri, U.S.A.
SIMPSON, Richard, Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
SLABAS, Antoni R., Protein Chemistry Section, Bioscience Division, Unilever Research, Bedford, United Kingdom
SLAUGHTER, Clive A., University of Texas Health Science Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.
SLETTEN, Knut, University of Oslo, Biochemical Institute, Oslo, Norway
SLlSZ, Mark L., Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A.
SMILLIE, Larry B., University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
SMITH, Alan J., University of California, Department of Biological Chemistry, Davis, California, U.S.A.
SMITH, Bryan J., Celltech, Ltd., Berkshire, United Kingdom SMITH, Christine E., Monsanto Company, Chesterfield, Missouri,
U.S.A.
xxxii List of Participants
SMITH, John A., Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
SMITH, Marjorie A., Wellcome Biotechnology, Ltd., Kent, United Kingdom
SMITH, Philip L., Medical College of Ohio, Department of Biochemistry, Toledo, Ohio, U.S.A.
SMITH, Sandra S., University of Texas, Department of Zoology, Protein Sequencing Center, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.
SNOSWELL, Mark A., University of Adelaide, Biochemistry Department, Adelaide, South Australia
SNOW, June, Wayne State University, Department of Physiology, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.
SOMMER, Andreas, Synergen, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. SOUSA, Katherine R., Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore
Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts, U.S.A. SOWA, Blair A., Texas A & M University, Agriculatural Experi
mental Station, Department of Veterinarial Pathology, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
SPEICHER, David W., The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
SROUJI, Tony H., Immuno-Dynamics, Inc., La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
STEINBRINK, D. Randall, Genetics Institute, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
STEVENSON, Kenneth J., University of Calgary, Division of Biochemistry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
STOLOWITZ, Mark L., Analytichem International, Harbor City, California, U.S.A.
STORIE, Blake R., Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, Department of Immunology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
STORY, Michael S., Finnigan Corporation, San Jose, California, U.S.A.
STRICKLER, James E., Smith Kline and French Laboratories, Department of Molecular Genetics, Swedeland, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
STRYDOM, Daniel J., Harvard Medical School, Center for Biochemical Sciences and Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
SUGIY AMA, Toshihiro, Osaka University Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Osaka, Japan
SUZUKI, Kolchi, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo,Japan
TABATABAI, Louisa B., U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, U.S.A.
List of Participants xxxiii
TACK, Brian F., Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, Department of Immunology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
TAKIO, KOji, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
TARVIN, Thomas L., Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
TEMPST, Paul J., Plant Genetic Systems NV, Gent, Belgium TEPLOW, David B., California Institute of Technology, Biology
Division, Pasadena, California, U.S.A. THEODOR, Ida, University of California, Department of Pathology,
Irvine, California, U.S.A. THIM, Lars, Novo Research Institute, Bagsvaerd, Denmark THOMSEN, Johannes, Nordisk Gentofte A/S, Gentofte, Denmark TITANI, KOiti, University of Washington, Department of Biochem-
istry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. TRAVIS, James, University of Georgia, Department of Biochem
istry, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A. TROXLER, Robert F., Boston University, Department of Bio
chemistry, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. TSCHESCHE, H., University of Bielefeld, Department of Biochem
istry, Bielefeld, West Germany TSUCHIYA, Dorinne, K., Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco,
California, U.S.A. TSUGITA, Akira, Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan TSUNASAWA, Susumu, Osaka University, Institute for Protein
Research, Osaka, Japan TSURUTA, James K., Washington State University, Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Pullman, Washington, U.S.A.
TVETERAAS, Trygve, Nycomed AS Biochemical Research, Oslo, Norway
UDELL, Lawrence, Milligen, Bedford, Massachusetts, U.S.A. UMEDA, Toshiya, Osaka University, Institute for Protein
Research, Osaka, Japan VAN BEEUMEN, Jozef, State University of Gent, Laboratory of
Microbiology, Gent, Belgium VAN DEN BROEK, Rudolf, Applied Biosystems, Ltd., Cheshire,
United Kingdom VAN DER REST, Michel, Shriners Hospital, Genetics Unit, Mon
treal, Quebec, Canada VANDEKERCKHOVE, Joel, State University of Gent, Laboratory
of Genetics, Gent, Belgium VARRICHIO, Angela M., Smith Kline and French Laboratories,
Swedeland, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
xxxiv List of Participants
VASTA-RUSSELL, Julia F., duPont Company, Glasgow, Delaware, U.S.A.
VEDVICK, Thomas S., University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
VENSEL, William H., U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, U.S.A.
VON BAHR-L1NDSTROM, Hedvig, The Karolinksa Institutet, Department of Chemistry I, Stockholm, Sweden
WADE, Roger D., University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
WAGNER, Renee M., U.S. Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
WAKIM, Bassam, University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
WALKER, Roger P., Bio-Rad Laboratories, Richmond, California, U.S.A.
WALSH, Kenneth A., University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
WANG, Yuhuan, Indiana University, Department of Biochemistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A.
WEHR, Timothy, Varian Instrument Group, Walnut Creek, California, U.S.A.
WEIGEL, Nancy L., Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
WELINDER, Karen G., University of Copenhagen, Institute of Biochemical Genetics, Copenhagen, Denmark
WERNSTEDT, Christer 0., Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
WEST, Michael H. P., Allelix, Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada WHITESIDE, Michael B., University of Toronto, Clinical Biochem
istry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada WILLIAMS, Karen S., Shell Agricultural Chemical Company,
Modesto, California, U.S.A. WILLIAMS, Kenneth R., Yale University, Department of Molecular
Biophysics and Biochemistry, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.
WILLIAMS, Lynn C., University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
WILLIAMSON, Matthew K., University of California - San Diego, Department of Biology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
WILSON, Glen W., University of Iowa, Protein Structure Facility, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.A.
WILSON, Kenneth J., Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
List of Participants xxxv
WIRTH, Peter J., National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
WITHY, Raymond M., Integrated Genetics, inc., Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
WITTMANN-LIEBOLD, Brigitte, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, West Germany
WOLD, Finn, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
WOODBURY, Richard G., University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
WOODS, Mary K., University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
YAGUCHI, Makoto, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
YAMADA, Kent, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
YANG, Chao-Yuh, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
YANKGIL, Kim, Genetics Institute, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
YATES, John, University of Virginia, Department of Chemistry, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
YOUNG, Stanley D., Unigene Laboratories, Inc., FairHeld, New Jersey, U.S.A.
YUAN, Pau, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
YUEN, Sylvia, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
ZABIN, Irving, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
ZIESKE, Lynn, Applied Biosystems, Inc., Foster City, California, U.S.A.
ZOLLER, Mark, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, U.S.A.
ZURCHER-NEELY, Heidi A., The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, U.S.A.
