Methodology in Sport Science

8/2/2019 Methodology in Sport Science

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Classification of variables

Variable label Type Measure Classificationfor analysis

decisionsGender String Nominal Categorical

Weight Numeric Scale Continuous

Sprint 5 meter Numeric Scale Continuous


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Choosing a statistic when there is one outcome variable

Type of variable Number of timesmeasured in eachparticipant

Statistics

Binary Once Descriptive statisitc;Frequencies

Binary Twice McNemars chi-square

Continuous Once Test for normality,One sampe t-test

Continuous Twice Paired t-test

Continuous Three or more Anova


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Choosing a statistics when there is one outcome variable and oneexplanaory variable

Type ofoutcomevariable

Type ofexplanatoryvariable

Number oflevels of thecategoticalvariable

Statistic

categorical categorical both values

are binary

Chi-square

Logisticregression

categorical continuous Categoricalvariable ismulti-level andordered

Spearmanscorrelationcoefficient

continuous categorical Explanatoryvariable isbinary

Indepondantsample t-test


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Choosing a statistics when there is one outcome variable and oneexplanaory variable

Type ofoutcomevariable

Type ofexplanatoryvariable

Number oflevels of thecategoticalvariable

Statistic

continuous categorical Explonatory

variable hasthree or morecategories

Analysis of

variance

continuous continuous No categoricalvariables

RegressionPearsonscorrelation

No outcomevariable

Bothnontinuousand categorical

Categoricalvariables canhave two ormore levels

Factor analysis


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Parametric vs. non-parametric statistic

Parametric test Non-parametricequivalent

Mean and standarddeviation

Median and inter-quartilerange

Pearsons correlationcoefficinet

Spearmans or Kendallscorrelation coefficinet

Two sample t-test Wilcoxon rank sum test

Independant t-test Mann-Whitney U or

Wilcoxon rank sum test

Analysis of variance Mann-Whitney U test

Repeated measuresanalysis of variance

Friedmans ANOVA test


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Some rules for reporting numbers

1. In the sentence, nubers less than 10 are words;2. In the sentence, number 10 or more are numbers;3. Try and avoid starting a sentence with number;4. Use a zero before the decimal point when number are less than 1

(The P value was 0.012);

5. Do not use a space between a number and its per cent sign;6. Use one space between a nubmer and its unit (179 cm);7. Report percentage to only one decimal place if the sample size is

lager than 100;8. Report percentage with no decimal place if the sample size is less

than 100;

9. P values between 0.001 and 0.05 should be reported to three decimalplaces.

10.P values shown on output as 0.000 should be reported as


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Scientific writing:

From the time immemorial, it has beenknown that the ingestion of an apple

(i.e., the pomme fruit of any tree of thegenus Malus, said fruit being usuallyround in shape and red, yellow, orgreenish in color) on a diurnal basis will

with apsolute certainity keep a primarymember of the health care establishmentabsent from ones local environment.


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An apple a day keeps doctor away


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Databases

Medicine: Medline

Biology: BIOSIS Previews (Biological abstracts)

Physics: INSPEC Chemistry: Chemical abstracts Economy: EconLit

Information/library science: LISA

Psychology: PsychINFO

Sociology: Sociological Abstracts Philosophy: Philosophers Indeks

Languages: Modern language abstracts Kinesiology: Medline, SportDiscus, SCI;


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US Nat. Lib. Med. - 24 000 journals, index

in Medline 4.000.

Science Citation Index (SCI): 5.600


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Impact factor

IF2010 =

Number of citation in 2010 on atriclespublish in 2009 i 2008

Number of atricle publish 2009 i 2008


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Research power

Experiment DBRCT

RCT

CT

Cohort study

Cross section study

case series

Case report

Qualityofresearch


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How to decide were to publish?


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Performance analysis -Experimental orientation

Experimental orientation has been connected with the process ofsolvingthree crucial, interrelated methodological issues:

Kinesiometric issues should have been solved to find out instruments andprocedures adequate for unbiased measurement and assessment of thecomponents of training effects and sport form.

Issues related to data analysis methods should have been also solved,that is, certain ways should have been found to process the collecteddata and to transform them into clusters of useful information foroperational purposes of designing training programmers.

Didactic issues should have been solved, that is, optimal methods andalgorithms should have been defined for designing of efficient

programmers of sport training, competition and recovery, as well as fortraining effects control in various points and cycles of sport preparation.


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METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH ON TEAM SPORT GAMES

Several directions are recognisable in the research on sportgames;

1. measurement and assessment of basic and specificanthropological characteristics and performance indicators,

2. factorial studies aimed at determination of latent structure ofvariedly structured manifest variables assessing particular

components of preparedness (fitness) of players,

3. studies on relations between predictor variables andvariedly defined criterion variables describing performance,

4. studies on the differences among samples of subjects in

indicators of fitness and sport form, divided according toage, gender, sport experience and sport quality,

5. studies aimed at determination of training effects, that is, ofinfluence of various progammes of training ontransformation of abilities, characteristics and motor

knowledge (skills) at various points in the periodisation ofs ort re aration

Documents

Methodology in Sport Science