Method Statement Chapter 10 House building in NCR

Buildings Practice For Professionals Construction Method Statements

Chapter 10 House Building in NCR

Page 1 of 18 2012 Int. P Eng (India) Suraj Singh

Safety General 1 Refer to Chapter 3, MS 12 & 13, Chapter 4, MS1, Chapter 6, Page 1 for general

provisions on safety discipline in addition to those included with various method statements on this Chapter

2 Relevant point should be extracted from description in line to requirements on relevant activities

3 It is to be noted that safety standards vary from organization to organization, company to company & client to client

4 Just consideration of economy on project cannot exclusively, be a criterion to avoid or reduce safety measures

5 A minimum level of safety measures installations should be made a ‘must’ for a site supervise to ensure that workforce ‘must’ work safely

6 It is preferable to work with acceptable level of safety rather than loosening lives of workers

Method Statement Chapter 10

House building in NCR Part1 Scope

1 Purpose of this method statement is to describe in brief, procedures that were adopted for one house construction in NCR Delhi long back 2008/2009

2 Synopsis of engineering construction provides brief details later 3 Basement/Ground/First/Second floors/Penthouse 4 All RCC structures constituted from basement to pent house, including RCC basement

walls. No bricks were included in foundations 5 Walls in bricks at all levels for cladding & not for any load bearing 6 Doors windows-Aluminum framed glazing 7 Existing old structure about 80 SQM with wooden doors, RCC structures 8 Design of whole building all disciplines, including connection to old building

Part 2 Design methods/procedures

1 All design disciplines for addition were conducted self, without any aid from architect 2 Off sets/zoning, architectural plans, elevations, sections & detailing were conducted self 3 Structural analysis were conducted using Kani’s rotation contribution method, for which,

self formulized excel templates were used to reach moments, shear force, deflections, seismic impacts etc.

4 Designing was also, conducted, using custom self formulized excel templates for beam, columns, foundations etc.

5 Bar bending schedules were prepared using excel sheet, duly formulized in line & consideration to BS 4466 shape codes, which is now replaced by BS 8866

Part 3 Safety




1 Access ramp was profiled for ingress & egress to & from foundation pit, used by personnel & donkeys workers both

2 Scaffolding was procured in form of pipes as well as, wooden ballies/props 3 Timber safety railing was used on sides to prevent falls into basement excavation 4 PPEs were used to requirement (it is unfortunate to note that workers in NCR do not

respect use of PPE) References

1 Drawings- Included within synopsis 2 Specifications- General international & national

Part 4 Materials

1 Local materials from various sources procured for all activities 2 Structural materials/ingredients were procured from NCR Pali crushers/queries 3 Reinforcing bars procured in full length 12/14 meters, without being bent. Extra payment

was made to distributor for trailer transport 4 All reinforcing bars were fabricated on site only under my direct supervision, for steel

fixer vendor did not accept to protect steel bars 5 Concrete was mixed on site, since RMC was not consistent in quality & RMC vendor

failed to answer my queries 6 Formwork was designed, using marine plywood & wooden scantling battens, both hard

wood & softwood Part 5 Methods Surveys

1. Setting out was done by old methods of formation of a right angle triangle, instead of using a Theodolite.

2. All references regarding grids & levels were established on existing walls around excavated area

Excavation

1 Existing soil type is silt/y clay with sand strata @ 20 m depth 2 No dewatering was required, since water table is much below 3 JCB equipment was utilized for excavations up to limited depth & limited setting out 4 Reason being that on 3 sides, buildings existed, which did not permit full excavation by

machine, requiring manual means for further work 5 Donkeys with masters were used for remaining excavation to reach formation level 6 Excavated material was removed from site immediately, as & when, it was dropped into

truck or on to tractor trolley to transport to temporary stockpile or deliver to someone else, for some activity

7 Sides of excavation were protected from erosion by covering with polythene sheet, so that rain water could not help, loosen strength in this case

8 Horizontal/inclined bracings/supports were not required, due to nature of soil




Blinding 1 Since, soil bearing capacity is not safe to allow heavy structure on this formation, soil

improvement was conducted, by including below formation level, an improved layer 300 mm deep, as explained later

2 This layer composed of aggregate & coarse dust, duly watered & compacted, so that it should also, function, as a coarse graded strata

3 On this layer, an application of Tapecrete coatings was carried out for concrete protection 4 Coatings of Tapecrete was covered with a plaster screed for protection 5 Preparation for blinding was effected & blinding concrete laid to whole area 6 Blinding was cured to requirement of 3 days

Foundation

1 Setting out foundations bases, a part of foundation beams was conducted 2 Concrete Spacers were cast on location. Thickness 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm 3 16mm dia. Tie bolts for concrete beams were procured fabricated from mechanical shop,

using 550N special steel 4 Preparation of beams, included placing fabricated reinforcement, fixing of forms to sides

of proposed beams, fixing spacers, cleaning whole RCC space etc. 5 Special waterproofing compound was procured to be mixed with concrete for areas,

where a water tank portion, required to be included, within portions of beams itself 6 Concrete mixing & pouring was carried out in one day successfully, followed by

application of wooden finish & continuous curing for required number of days 7 Work started for upright part of foundation beam, which included all activities, respecting

forms fabrication & fixing, reinforcing bars fabrication & fixing, inclusion respecting box outs/inserts for services, water tank slab etc, were prepared to be ready for inspection

8 Concrete was mixed for this pour added with self leveling concrete compound. Concrete for water tank beams & bases were cast monolithically, because PVC waterbar could not be procured

9 During all foundation beams pour, one sectional beam side tried to open, but immediately, it was controlled by pressing back to alignment within tolerance limit.

10 Continuous Curing was effected for required number of days Basement Walls/Columns/Stairs

1 Setting out respecting walls & columns was given & verified 2 Work of columns commenced, as it was to be part, within RCC walls 3 Works of columns included formwork fabrication, rebar fabrication & provision of

electrical inserts, all to be carried out in stages, depending on number of form sets 4 Work of RCC walls fabrication for basement started immediately, after, beams were

completed 5 Works of staircase also, started in parallel from basement level to its first landing 6 Setting out of staircase was given on site, using details from Autocad, so that no error

should result on site by contractor 7 Basement walls were required to be poured in stages, due to fact that formwork for 2

walls were only fabricated 8 One by one all elements were prepared & poured followed by required number days of

curing application




Ground Floor Level Slab/Basement Cover

1 Preparation for ground floor slab/basement suspended slab was initiated for which, steel props procured for centering along with hard wood 50 x 100 mm section for grid support to formwork

2 Drawings were provided to lead steel fixers & lead formwork carpenters 3 Setting out & levels were monitored regularly, so as not to cause certain error 4 Reinforcement was placed on suspended slab, beams & up stands 5 Electrical conduits were laid in line to drawings, meeting requirement of all electrical

supply points such as light, fans &others 6 Slab concrete was poured continuously, followed by both immediate or instant curing &

regular curing for required number of 7/10 days 7 Application was moved with Haryana Urban Development Authority/Municipal

Corporation of Faridabad to inspect & issue DPC certificate, a statutory requirement 8 Inspection was conducted by concerned officials & DPC issue was cleared

Ground Floor & Above/Superstructure

1 Superstructure between ground floor & first floor included columns, suspended slabs & staircase, within extended portion

2 Superstructure on existing structure included dismantling of existing parapet, exposing reinforcing dowels for upper columns & further work from that level up to second floor

3 Also, required joining of old structure to new structure at first floor level 4 Setting out respecting columns at ground floor was conducted 5 Access scaffolding to work around columns was erected 6 Ground floor columns were to be prepared for double heights, within hall portion 7 Steel reinforcing bars were placed in positions, according to drawings 8 Electrical conduits with switch panel boxes were placed/fixed in columns, where required 9 Kickers were prepared & poured for better alignment controls 10 Form for all sides were fabricated & erected, using plywood & battens 11 Supports were fixed, alignment checked & plumb checked 12 Concreting was done for columns in decided sequence 13 Work of stairs were prepared in parallel, which sequences, as carrying out basement

landing to first slab, pour with basement slab 14 Works for first flight from ground to first landing were carried out accordingly, along

with steps for monolithic casting 15 Works for first floor suspended slab were carried out, using steel props specially rented 16 Preparations for first floor slab were completed with all services, pertinent to electrical

discipline inserted 17 Block outs for other services as well, were also, placed in 18 Reinforcement fabrication & placing for slab as well as, 1800 mm continuous

balcony/1000 mm continuous balcony were also, carried out 19 When all activities for preparation were over, clearance for pouring was given 20 Slab concrete was poured in one day, followed by intensive curing for 10 days 21 Works for second slab started along with staircase as well as, works on old portion 22 Columns on old portion were carried out along with added stability floor beams 23 Double stage supporting system was used for area covering, double height slab




24 Forms for beams & slabs were fixed, followed by steel reinforcing bars fixing 25 All works respecting forms & reinforcing bars continued & completed as required 26 All inserts & block outs/box outs were fixed in to meet requirement as indicated 27 All electrical conduits were placed in, following requirements & locations of electrical

light points/ceiling fan points & wall points 28 Adequate provisions for air conditioning box outs were also, included 29 Provision for allowance for garbage chute too were made on slab 30 When preparatory works were ready for pouring concrete, inspection were conducted &

pouring clearance granted, followed by concrete pour in one day 31 Columns, beams & slabs were poured accordingly, followed by required number of days

curing 32 Application of waterproofing/concrete protection coating was made around whole

basement external surfaces up to plinth level/finished ground level. Polymerised cement coating was included for application for concrete protection

33 Meanwhile, backfilling was being conducted around basement in 2 vertical layers 34 Earth boring was carried out at one location up to 30 m depth, followed by drilling

required pipes & coal etc. so that a connection, using copper wire could be given to distribution board

35 First layer in contact with RCC walls was to be filled with 100 mm river sand, while remaining layer with ordinary soil

36 Later, on all following sequential items, such as brick walling, electrical services first fix, plastering, rendering, ceramic tiling, sanitary fixtures, water tank placement & connection, painting, flooring, lighting etc. continued, until all works were completed, so that it facilitated to move an application to obtain an Occupation Certificate from authorities, which is a statutory requirement, prior to occupying constructed building

Part 6 Reference House Construction on Plot 430 Sector 21 B, NCR India, Faridabad Construction Synopsis

1 Construction commenced 12.11.2008 2 Structure completed 9.7.2009 3 Please refer to plates from 1 to 26 giving entire views of structural construction. 4 Cost on RCC 500 rupees per square foot

Figures 1 to 8 below give certain details for your immediate, reference. For detailed review of plans, refer to chapter 13, sketch # 66 to 108

1 Purpose of this file is an exclusive indicative information exchange.




11 7 8

F1, F2 , F4, F5/3 00 x 60 0 mm deep, F3 do n ot exis tF6, F7 , F8, F9/20 0 x 3 00 mm d eepF10, F11, F12, F13/2 00 x 300 mm deep

1

4

5

F9

3

2

F8

A

F2

F5

F4

60 51

F4

3 59 1

F5

F2

F13

F11

F12

B

Fir st Str uc tu ra l Fr aming Level Hall Por tion

27 77

2 4 99

2 3 00

2 4 72

Structural

17 20 1 72 0 18 50 1 90 0 18 5 1

2 0 0 20 0 20 020 0 20 02 00

20 0

3 00

30 0

3 0 0

20 0 2 00

2 00

20 0

2 00

80 0

10 00

39 7 7

C D

1 50 0

1 00 0

1 80 0

1 4 00

1 7 83

7 721 0 00

10 00

1 00 0

18 0 0

14 00

1 00 0

7 14

1 506 0 0

1 50

14 94

1 25 0 7 50

4 64

16 77

1 5060 0

15 0

14 9 4

1 2 50

level 5 750

1 4316 6 1

R ight S ide ba lcon yLeft Si de ba lcony

3 8 5

1 78 9

7 72 4 50

1 60 0

8 00 1 50

2 50 0

2 00

2 47 2

3 00

60 0

H all Entry

level 5750

20 0

3 00

2 0030 0

47 49 51 53 5 5 57 59

606264667072

F8 F8 F8 F8 F8

F9

F9

F9

F2

1 80 0

6 00

2 0 0

1 8 00

3 0 0

3 00 x 30 0

20 0 x 30 0

2 00 x 3 00

20 0 x 30 0

2 00 x 30 0 2 00 x 3 00 2 00 x 3 002 00 x 3 002 00 x 30 0

2 00 x 3 002 00 x 3 00

2 00 x 3 00

2 00 x 3 00

2 00 x 3 002 00 x 30 0 2 00 x 30 0

20 0 x 30 02 00 x 3 00

30 0 x 6 00

30 0 x 6 00

30 0 x 600

3 00 x 6 00

3 00 x 60 0

3 00 x 6 00

1 50

4 501 378 1000

2 00 x 3 00

2 00 x 3 00

1 00 0

200

x 300

5 7 8

2 00

1 20 0

5 89

2 00 x 4 00 u p st an d

20 0 x 3 0 0

20 0 x 3 0 0

30 0 x 3 0 0

I nter na l Balcon y/Ra il in g

40 040 0 4 00 4 00 4 00

4 00 40 0 40 0 4 00 40 0 4 00

20 0

400

4 00

Balcon y p assa ge/Rail in g

Bal

cony

link

/Rai

ling

Stai r r ai l o n beam

Figure 1 Plan

1 Plot Size 420 SQM 2 Basement below drawing room hall portion 3 Ground coverage 55 % 4 Total coverage added 540 SQM

1 720 1 720 1850 1 900 1 851

200 200 2 00200 200200

200

300

300

300

200 200

200

2 00

200

800

1 000

39 77

C D

1500

bea ms 200 x 300 mm

1000

18 00

1400

17 83

77210 00

1000

1000

1 800

1 400

10 00

714

15060 0

150

1494

1250 750

4 64

1 677

150600

150

1494

1250

1 431 661

Righ t S ide balcon yLeft S id e b alcon y

38 5

1789

772 450

1600

8 00 15 0

250 0

200

24 72

300

6 00

Hall E ntr y

level 5750

level 5750

200

30 0

2003 00

47 49 51 53 55 57 59

606264667072

F8 F8 F8 F8 F8

F9

F9

F9

F2

1800

600

200

1800

300

3 00 x 3 00

2 00 x 300

200 x 300

2 00 x 300

2 00 x 300 200 x 300 200 x 3 00200 x 300200 x 300

2 00 x 30 0200 x 3 00

200 x 3 00

200 x 3 00

2 00 x 30 0200 x 300 200 x 300

200 x 300200 x 300

300 x 600

300 x 600

300 x 600

300 x 600

300 x 600

300 x 600

1 50

4501378 1000

200 x 300

200 x 300

10 00

200

x 3

00

578

20 0

12 00

589

200 x 4 00 ups ta nd

200 x 300

200 x 300

1178

F1, F 2, F4, F 5/300 x 600 mm de ep, F3 do not e xist

F6, F7, F8, F9/200 x 300 mm deep

F10, F11, F 12, F13/200 x 300 mm dee p

1

4

5

F9

3

2

F 8

A

F2

F5

F4

6 051

F4

3591

F5

F2

F 13

F 11

F 12

B

Fir st Str u ctur al Framing Level Ha ll Por t ion

277 7

249 9

230 0

247 2

Structu ral

Figure 2 Plan

Salient features of construction carried out: 1 Front portion double height drawing room or hall 2 Rear portion Bed Room area in three stories 3 Ground floor portion 75 SQM previously constructed in year 2000 4 Soil Silt/y Clay with high affinity to water & white ants. 5 Depth of formation level (-3.4 m) for basement. 6 Excavation carried out by JCB partly & then used donkey stock for a total excavation

quantity of 550 cum.




7 Excavated soil removed from site using trucks/tractor trolleys.

Part 7 Soil improvement activity below formation level as defined below:

1 Soil improvement by filling/laying 40 mm size graded aggregate 250 mm thick, followed by placing 20 &10 mm graded aggregate, one after other to fill voids & then on that layer, placed graded machine dust to completely pack fill voids.

2 Above mix was compacted dry as well as, wet to get placed mix material dense for both to improve/enhance bearing capacity & to reduce possible settlement.

3 I had observed one pit 1 M x 1 M x 2 M deep for about six months to understand soil conduct, observations of which were utilized for designing foundations.

4 There was no problem in excavation & there was no need of any shoring during excavation that indicates that soil was self supporting, due to having no angle of internal friction, but due to possessing high value of cohesion.

5 Substrata did not have any water table, but certain moisture content % very nominal. 6 It appears that land was used for purpose of agriculture in long past & for development of

area, Development authority acquired land for urbanization around Delhi. 7 Soil definitely contained certain organic chemicals that had to be avoided to impart

adverse affect to proposed building. 8 I judged SBC of soil to be around, 5 to 10 T /SQM based on my experience, yet, it did

not meet building requirement, due to unforeseen conduct of Clays, that could have contended minerals like Montmorillonite or Illite or some others, which could help soil, either to swell, while being in contact with water or to loosen entire shear strength/resistance.

9 Proposal was to include one equal size basement that caused me a cause of concern. 10 I decided to avoid construction of isolated foundations on existing soil, even at cost of

additional expenses. 11 Fortunately, I have experienced during my career extensively on RCC building projects

as well as, on industrial onshore projects, both in office engineering, as well as, in field engineering.

12 Based on my experience earning, I could solve proposal easily, which I did comfortably with full confidence successfully.

13 A decision was made to apply soil improvement technique in easiest way, so that bearing capacity as well as, permeability of soil below formation is sustainable.

14 Water should not affect foundation, if it is allowed to move beneath foundation structures, because mobility of water can result in various chemical changes within soil & also, can impact other adjacent structures.

15 Clay soil had to be isolated from building substructures for purpose of RCC protection. 16 To meet requirement, I decided to form a road type WBM structure below foundation

formation, without involving any cementing material, but to be included just water bound.

17 Some person suggested to include lime also, to mix with soil for soil stabilization, but it did not convince me, since lime is not a reliable material in moist environment.

18 I went ahead to excavate about 300 mm additional depth to accommodate proposed soil improvement to a minimal meeting.




19 It could be more thick but, I did not intend to take risk more than that, due to excessive depth of excavation, where on two sides of proposed building, existing building/s up to three story are located.

20 Formation was prepared & 40m size aggregate, which is called Vapisi (40mm aggregate) in Delhi term, was used to be placed first.

21 20 mm size aggregate was placed on 40 mm size layer, so that voids within 40 mm size aggregate to be filled packed with 10 mm size aggregates.

22 Later, additional layer of machine graded dust was placed, so that voids within 10 mm size aggregate to be filled packed with mechanically produced dust.

23 All laid dry mix was watered & compacted, just as it is done on a water bound Macadem road structure formation.

24 I noticed after compaction that formation was very strong & there was much improvement on SBC.

25 Foregoing fill has to respond to work as a permeable medium also, for down flowing water as well as, to allow a break for upward flowing water in future that could be a result of heavy rains/water table rise or by whatsoever reason, it could be.

26 This provision has also, affected as a barricade for clay soil to be in contact with foundations.

27 In addition to above, on sides of fixed retaining RCC walls, built between main columns, fill material used is river sand, so that it allows water to permeability, since clay does not possess this property, but considerable porosity.

28 Virtually, foundations built are soil contact free & portions, between all RCC beams foundations joining columns in both directions, an exclusively river sand was used, as a filling material to avoid cumbersome work on compaction of soils, either to be taken selectively from site or to be imported from selected source.

29 I think that work has been done economically, in all respects, inducing to foundation, what it necessitated from practical engineering construction viewpoints.

Part 8 Structural:

1 On prepared soil improvement base, a 50 mm thick layer of blinding concrete was laid. 2 Surface of blinding concrete waterproofed using CICO Tapecrete coating, protected by

CM plastering like on coating. 3 Analysis of structures was done using Kani’s Rotation Contribution Method, a very old

method of moment distribution, but yet useful 4 Analysis of foundation framed matting done by purpose made worksheets. 5 Sketch shows details of foundation section 400 x 1200 mm beam, with 800 mm wide

spreader embedded in full 200 mm thick RCC matting under all beams in both directions. 6 Columns were revealed for stubs/full columns from beams 7 One 16000 litres capacity water storage tank has also, been provided, below basement

accommodated, between foundation beams to contain 600 deep water. 8 Between beams, river sand filling provided in place of soil, since it is difficult to compact

available soil, which could also, deteriorate concrete protection, applied in solution form as cement based coating.




9 Externally, 450 mm wide portion filled with river sand, while remaining soil butts with 450 mm line, for which prosecution used form plywood & battens were used to erect temporary formwork between soil & sand layers.

10 Contractor was not happy to carry out such dual filling for which, extra payment, based on day basis work was made.

11 There was allowed no contact, between soil & foundations anywhere. 12 Sole criteria had been to keep water permeability working below & around foundations,

so that a virtual filter functions permanently. 13 In general, anti termite treatment is applied on all buildings in NCR zone, but no such

application was made, due to fact that termite cannot bite concrete

1000.00

400.00

Soil Improvement

Foundation Beam

200.00300.00

Figure 3 Foundation beam

1 Retaining walls 200 mm thick provided around foundations to hold fill. 2 Wall reinforced with 8 mm reinforcing bars @ 200 centers both ways. 3 Main hall portion allowed 12 columns 1000 x 400 mm 4 # columns, while 600 x 400 mm

8 # columns. 4 Span between columns being 11 M in two frames, while 8 M in three frames. 5 Certain frames are located in double height area. 6 Front allows 1800 mm wide balconies, while sides 1000 mm. 7 Six beams provided in front balconies at both levels. 8 Main beams permitted 300 mm x 600 mm section for stability resolution. 9 Cross beams included 200 x 300 mm section. 10 Stair waste provided 200 mm thick with reinforcing bars meshing in top & bottom layers. 11 All suspended slabs included with 8 mm reinforcing bars @ 200 mm centers both top &

bottom. 12 Rear bed rooms’ portion constructed with 11 # columns 300 mm x 450 mm sections for

spans do not exceed 5m. 13 A quantity of 250 cum RCC constructed using M 30/25, all onsite mixing done. 14 Form support systems employed using rented props. 15 Form material employed 12 mm thick ply & timber scantlings/battens 50 mm x 75 mm &

50 mm x 100 mm. 16 A total quantity of reinforcing bars used 22000 kg.




17 Up to ground level 8000 kg & above ground 14000 kg. 18 Labour workforce element contractor did not include curing element, which consequently

I had to do this activity/part myself. 19 I did not find any problem for suspended slab curing, but for columns & brick walls, I

conducted hard job. 20 Water supply & distribution to kitchen & wet areas has been arranged to be supplied

from tank below basement, located between foundation beams, which has a capacity about 16000 litres

21 Water is delivered to this tank by gravity from municipal supply main, from where, it is pumped to roof located 4 # numbers water tanks/tank farm 1000 litres each

22 Delivery to/intake @ tank is integrated, while basement pump supplies water to 2 # roof tanks only, from where water is automatically, moved to other two tanks as well & then from there/all tanks, water is distributed down to all floors excepting basement

23 Though proposed use of building is for residential purpose per local authority, yet visitors put building not as residential in look, but either commercial or any office.

24 A platform was also, constructed to mount Sai Baba statute 25 Finishing items constituted plastering, rendering, marble stone flooring, ceramic tiling on

walls, marble paint coating, wooden cupboards, roofing etc. Major activities can be summarized as follows:

1 Excavation of whole area, which can be referred to chapter 13, sketch # 105 2 Soil improvement on all formation areas with structure graded fill/engineered fill 3 Blinding concrete on whole prepared & compacted areas 4 Application of concrete protection coating over blinding layer 5 Protection mortar layer over waterproofing/concrete protection coating 6 Steel rebar fixing for thin so called raft part of foundation beams frame 7 Formwork installation for thin raft part of foundation beams 8 Pouring thin raft part of foundations beam frame 9 Steel fixing for beams part of foundations 10 Formwork for beams part of foundations 11 Services’ inserts installations, within foundation beams 12 Pouring foundation beams, using self leveling compound mixed with concrete 13 Preparatory works for suspended slab for water tank cover 14 Pouring water tank suspended slab 15 Preparatory works for basement columns 16 Preparatory works for basement retaining walls one by one 17 Preparatory works for stairs basement first flight & pouring 18 Preparatory works for basement cover slab or ground slab & pouring 19 Columns for ground floor in sequence 20 Stair flight for ground to first floor 21 Suspended slab works for ground floor cover or first floor level slab 22 & similarly, all structural activities for whole remaining elements completed 23 Then, brick walling, plaster, render, roofing, flooring, marble stone flooring, painting,

wood work services etc all items 24 Installation of services fixes & commissioning all services




Part 10 Observations:

1 I tried to apply all efforts to extract a good quality of structure from workers used to system in NCR but, I was successful to certain extent only.

2 It necessitates a lot of training to be imparted with skilled workers, as well as, self styled contractors & foreman.

3 Most significant part that requires training is about, what should be real procedures of producing, transporting & placing concrete mix, within right defined duration.

4 QA system is slackening on use of structural concrete. 5 Generally, RMC suppliers think that cube results only, dominate concrete. 6 There is no call in Bharat India to mandatory drill cores post concreting to ensure

accuracy or genuine sampling of cubes. 7 Concrete pouring gangs do work efficiently, but compliance with requirement raises a

question mark on various projects. 8 Absence of qualified engineers on supervision also, raises eyebrows. Public seems to be

ignorant & non serious about required quality of good concrete & very few understand durability of concrete, as a basic property.

9 What is seen by eyes is considered building work, but, real technological requirements do not reach builder or general public.

10 Promoters or builders befool consumers in name of international standards & make profits from innocent buyers.

11 For further reference to understand this construction, many sketches have been attached within chapter 13, sketch # 66 to 108, which I think should be useful to reader.

12 All these sketches are detailed well in architectural, structural, building services etc, which can be referred to for grasping requirements on professional projects drawings & documents issues.

13 I have experienced that contractors & engineers avoid preparation all detailed documents for sake of time or cost, but I do not know exactly about what reason is behind that neglecting approach

14 Interestingly, double mesh both ways reinforcing bars were included on suspended slabs & almost all being 8 T, excepting certain cantilever beams.

15 Steel fixer contractor was scared to include 8 T only, but it was done to his surprise. 16 Similarly, 12 T reinforcing bars were included in many beams with span 11M, which

surprised many builders. 17 Steel contractor was surprised to see that polythene sheet was used to cover reinforcing

bars which were in store or others that had been placed on job. 18 Bars in store were used to be covered all days & only bars to be fabricated were

withdrawn & after, withdrawal, again polythene sheet covered. 19 Some reinforcing bars were due to rain, which rust was removed from bars by steel

brushing for many days. 20 It was also, surprising that workers removing loose rust did not feel happy to do task. 21 Brick walls were carried out, after slab formwork struck completely. 22 Elevation drawings were issued to contractor for walls windows areas, for parapet areas 23 No lintel was included, due to reverted design of windows 24 Reverted design means, top width being more than middle & middle width more than

lowest as all windows resembled stepping in two steps on all elevations




25 Purpose of had been to allow lesser loads from walls, as well as, to allow natural lights to a maximum extent possible at least during day sunny hours.

26 Special design was drawn for roofing item utilizing used plywood, battens, polystyrene etc, so that roof is thermally insulated, as well as, act acoustic.

27 It has also, been experienced that for such buildings, structures are not allowed, due weight to design applications as architects or layman builders dominate such low profile private clients market

28 Every unqualified in engineering person experienced as mason or carpenter, self appoints as a builder or a promoter or a contractor winning jobs either @ labour element rate or as a lump sum or item rate based, which results in carrying out designs, based on no design calculations, while owners are misled in such situation

29 Owners are advised to save cost by not including design based structural elements 30 Conventional old tradition workers carry out their own assumed or practiced designs &

deliver non professional buildings, but well decorated from internal & external envelopes keeping owner pleased

31 Such buildings are not even based on direct load calculations, forget about bending moments, deflection or seismic shear altogether, while builder provides a guaranteed verbatim statement to owner, pertinent to hundreds years long life of delivered building

32 Even higher dia. Steel reinforcing bars are included within suspended slabs, while, required beams & columns are overlooked or neglected altogether

33 Generally, 225x225mm columns are added to certain locations, but within block walls raised together to slab level followed by slab work

34 Curing got no specific meaning in such builder’s vocabulary, while some leave first day post formwork striking surface of columns & others to natural curing by air!!!

35 Hope public could understand engineering & requirement of a well designed building




Right Elevation

FOR Submiss ionO WNE RS- SURAJ SINGH & SUMI TRA

PLO T 43 0/1 A, SECTOR 2 1B, FARIDABAD-HUDA ARE A

Elevation

Architectural

2500

1625

3250

3250

2125

500

750

3250

3250

300

300

300

875

100

52 5

73 8

437

5 25 59 5297297297297

594 47 5 475 475 47 5

738

738

738

737

3.24

2.35

8.85 sqm

1.37

3.4

3.0

1.56

Figure 4

OW

NE

RS-

SU

RA

J SI

NG

H &

SU

MIT

RA

PLO

T 4

30/1

A, S

EC

TOR

21B

, FA

RID

AB

AD-H

UD

A AR

EA

FOR

Sub

mis

sion

Left Elevation

Elevation

Arch

itec

tura

l

2000

3750

3250

3250

500

3250

3250

3250

1000

2000

1250

300




Figure 5

Front Eleva tion

FO

R S

ubm

issi

on

PLO

T 4

30/1

A, S

EC

TOR

21B

, FA

RID

AB

AD-H

UD

A AR

EA

OW

NE

RS-

SU

RA

J SI

NG

H &

SU

MIT

RA

ElevationArchitectural

650

650

228

666

2000

667

698

349349

228349349

1.82 1.82

1378200

800400

1200 935250

935 1200400

1200 935250

935 1200400

800200

800

200300

Figure 6

SFL + 14'-6"

First Floor plan Sca le 1 : 50

W V

Bath prayer

BED

BED

W V

Bath BED

SF L+ 12' 0"

V1

D1

D2

D3 D4 W2 V3

D5

D10 W4

V5 D8 W15 D11

W6

V6

W14 W7

W5

W8 W13

W12

W11 W10

W9

D 13

PLOT 430 /1A, SE CTOR 2 1B, FARI DABAD-HUDA AREA

OWNER S- SURAJ SI NGH & SUMIT RA

FO R Su bmission

Architectural

12 00

20 00

20 00

10 00

1500 15 00

2000

1 500

1 200650

118 0

10 70927

927

800

802

800

55 59

44 99

75 0

2450 3 507 4 764

900

524

4200

80 3

9009 00

900

850

300

1 000 850

90 0 2052

2 50

200 02791

D

W1

Double Height

1371 37 59

47 49 51 53 55 57 59

606264667072

1800

1000




Figure 7

Foundations Beams Rebars Plan

1

4

5

3

2

A B C D

4

3

5

B

1

2

A C D1000

2472

2300

2777

2499

6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 6 / 16 Ø in 1 l ayer , 4 othe r layer4 Legged /8 Ø r ings @200 c/c

4 / 12 Ø ea ch in 2 layer s 6 / 12 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Legged /8 Ø r ings @200 c/c

4 / 12 Ø ea ch in 2 layer s 6 / 12 Ø e ach in 2 layer s 4 L egge d/8 Ø r ings @ 200 c/c 6 / 12 Ø

6 / 12 Ø 6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Legged /8 Ø r ings @200 c/c 4 / 12 Ø in 2 layer s

6 / 12 Ø 6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Legged /8 Ø r ings @200 c/c 4 / 12 Ø in 2 layer s

6 / 1

2 Ø

in

1 la

yer,

4 in

ano

ther

r

6 / 1

2 Ø

in

1 la

yer

4 / 1

2 Ø

in

1 la

yer

6 / 1

2 Ø

in

1 la

yer

6 / 1

6 Ø

eac

h in

3 la

yers

6 / 1

6 Ø

eac

h in

3 la

yers

6 / 1

2 Ø

eac

h in

3 la

yers

6 / 12 Ø in 1 layer, 4 other layer

6 / 16 Ø each in 3 layers



T ypic al

200

100

200

200

200

300

400

200

800

6 / 12 Ø eac h in 3 la yers




Figure 8

Foundations Excavations Plan

1

4

5

3

2

A B C D

Hall por tion

4

3

5

B

1

2

A C D

Excavat ion Level -3.125 M

8851

12848

13619

10376

24724768

Area 156 sqm

10001000

1000

1000

1378

2472

2300

2777

2499

S elect objects:Area = 156403737, Length = 53010

1378 3390

5177

2699

12241

P LOT 430/1A, S ECTOR 21B, FAR IDABAD-HUDA AR EA

OWNERS- SUR AJ SINGH & SUM ITR A

44'8"40'2"

42'1.5"

29'0"

8'2"

11'2"15'8"

4'6"

4'6"

17'0"

34'0"

8'10"

Part 11 Quality Systems: Lessons Learnt & Conclusions

1 Quality Requirement is More Significant than Quality Awareness. 2 Quality requirement must be binding leaving chalta he or quality last attitude written

off for ever to be replaced by thik karo or quality must attitude. 3 Quality Systems Requirement must be adherently, applied from Designs to Tendering to

Award to Supervision to Execution of Construction Operations, as well as, post construction maintenance.

4 Merely, signing off documents is not sufficient, but, carrying out of activities & cent per cent inspections or examinations are mandatory.

5 Those personnel involved with quality system operations, must be themselves quality competent, as well as, quality supportive & must campaign for its realty achievement by encouraging other department’s personnel. Responsibility ignoring personnel spoil whole system quality.

6 Lapse on quality cannot be digested in any case, whether activity belongs to pre earthquake preventive measures or belongs to a post earthquake disaster management.

7 Loss of lives due to negligence cannot be compromised. Generally, it has been experienced in almost all spheres that after quality system introduction for decades, products quality has not resulted as expected consequently, by inefficient compliance of quality system.

8 Lapse of quality on performance & its inefficiency cannot be allowed to be digested with any disaster mitigation scenario whether, it has to be in operation or it has to be as supporting resources or as involving leading authorities, whosoever & howsoever big one may be.

9 Hard work input, determination, dedication, commitment, implementation, post implementation scrutiny or audits, are all a must & must be seen, duly performing in addition to approved or recognized agreements.

10 Bare talks & statements would not work to give required results. Real action must be seen doing by one & by all members of all departments teams.




11 No leniency should be accepted on doing any activity to requirement in any department or section.

12 Safety first & Quality must attitude must be adopted, as a strong potential slogan. 13 Can we understand this? 14 Since world has been changing then Bharat/India has to change otherwise, there would be

no way to escape from due responsibility & legal liability. 15 Know safety, no pain versus No safety, Know pain. 16 Can we understand it?

Other buildings

1 Chapter 13, sketch # 63 & 64 an officer’s apartment/flat & an administrative building respectively, provide more proposals for construction purpose

2 As described in foregoing, similar, sequence for respective activities should be followed 3 All such buildings are RCC structures with internal & external finished on same pattern

or scheme 4 Sketch # 61 shows a central control building, which constitutes a part of major facilities

project with wide dimensions 5 Purpose of such building is to house all central controls that are required to control all

processes trains on a chemical processing plant 6 Since, this type of building is located in off sites of processing areas, such structure must

be blast resistant/resilient, due to fact that its distance of extreme corner lies within in 200/600 m of process area location for which, sketch # 20 indicative facility layout could be referred

7 Sketch does not show complete details of settings out but, only that part, which requires blast resistance that can be provided including RCC walls on periphery allowing blast resistant steel thick doors on indicated locations or if so required, on other locations as well.

8 CCB type building should have IT access room, with raised floor system to contain optical networking supporting arrangements cabling

9 CCB must have devised with all equipment that would be required for total processing controls & should have adequate accommodation capacity, as well as, internal circulation areas from safety & ergonomics viewpoint

10 Entry locations should be provided with air lock doors/entries 11 Internal controls should be provided with access card system or other security &

surveillance system 12 CCB must have integration with CCTV network/SCADA controls etc. 13 Sketch # 62 indicates a line plan for a substation building, which requires blast resilience

or resistant design provisions 14 When such building is located within 200 M from process area, it should be blast

resistant & accordingly RC walls & slabs should be provided, while no precast elements preferred on such buildings

15 When located, between 200 to 600 M, it could be blast resilient 16 When located more than 600 m, it could be non blast building/an ordinary structure

involving normal loads, wind loads & seismic shears applications 17 Substation constitutes cable cellar, high voltage switch gear area, transformer area,

control offices areas




18 Walls should be RCC constructed for blast resistant case in addition to RCC roof 19 RCC Columns should be constructed for blast resilience case in addition to RCC roof 20 Walls should be concrete block with normal reinforcement in voids/horizontal alternative

courses constructed for blast resilience or non blast areas 21 Precast slabs or walls should not be used for blast impact locations, due to no viability 22 Transformers party walls should be RCC constructed for blast, as well as, for fire loading 23 For all such critical buildings in process areas or in off sites, adequate provisions should

be made for loss prevention utilizing either FM 200 system or Inergen gas system, which performs on basis of consideration that during fire, area in scope, is sealed in seconds allowing no fire spread

24 Sketch #65 show a general arrangement, pertinent to a sectional tank, respecting water storage tank in plant areas, where no single unit tank can be useful due to certain reasons

25 Single unit tank does not allow continuation of water service, in case of problem is involved with tank but, sectional design, can allow continuation by holding affecting sectional cube

26 Tank is shown in 4 # vertical layers or row as, while it has 15 # units horizontally in each row, which arrangement capacitates to defined quantity

27 Tanks has to rest on ground for which, foundation is required 28 Foundation beams have been located to bear load in such a way that end beams carry

weight/load from one unit mount or stack only, while intermediate beams, carry from two unit mounts or stack

29 Whole area require excavation in shallow depths, compaction, blinding, concrete protection, protection concrete, formworks for beams, steel placing, concrete pouring etc.

30 A pump shed is also, required to be constructed adjacent to this tank by installing a pump plinth or base based on machine design calculations

Documents

Method Statement Chapter 10 House building in NCR