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Kuah
Melaka
Seremban
Georgetown
Kota
Bharu
Kuala
Terengganu
Ipoh
Kuantan
Shah Alam
Alor
Setar
Kangar
JOHOR
PAHANG
MELAKA
NEGERI SEMBILAN
SELANGOR
PERAK
KEDAH
PULAU PINANG
KELANTAN
TERENGGANU
PERLIS
WILAYAHPERSEKUTUAN
LANGKAWI
MELAKA
BERSIA
KENERING
TEMENGOR
KENYIR
SG PIAH UPPER
SG PIAH LOWER
JOR
WOH
ODAK
CHENDEROH
PERGAU
N
Johor
Bahru
PRAI
GELUGOR
SEGARI
CONNAUGHT
BRIDGE
SERDANG
KAPAR
POWERTEK
PD
POWER
GENTING
SANYEN
PORT
DICKSON
YTL
PASIR
GUDANG
PAKA
YTL
Ayer Tawar
Batu GajahPapan
Kuala Kangsar
Bukit TambunJunjung
Bukit Tengah
Gurun
Bedong
Kota Setar
Chuping
Bukit Tarek
KL (N)KL (E)
Hicom G
KL (S)
Salak Tinggi
Melaka
Kg Awah
Scudai
Telok Kalong
Tanah Merah
JANAMANJUNG
YAN
Yong Peng (N)
Bukit Batu
Sedili
Lenggeng
Yong Peng (E)
3
• 21,509 MWGENERATION
INSTALLED CAPACITY
• 11,222 MW (52.2%)TNB
• 10,287 MW (47.8%)IPP
• 16,583 MWMAXIMUM DEMAND
(29/05/14)
• 4,926 MW (29.7%)RESERVE CAPACITY
MARGIN
• 345.25 GWH/DAYHIGHEST ENERGY
DEMAND (25/6/2013)
404SUBSTATION
21,092CIRCUIT KILOMETRES
95,990MVA INSTALLED CAPACITY
SYSTEM HIGHLIGHTS
2014
17,152 MW
2015
17,697 MW
2016
18,282 MW
2017
18 ,880 MW
2018
19,492 MW
17,152MW
FORECAST DEMAND GROWTH
Average growth of 3.31% from 2014 - 2018
17,697MW
18,282MW
18,880MW19,492MW
To support the Demand growth and Generation plant-up, Transmission needs augmentation of National Grid System.
12,000
13,000
14,000
15,000
16,000
17,000
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
MW
Monthly Peak Demand, MW
FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY10/11 FY11/12 FY12/13 FY13/14
MONTHLY MAXIMUM DEMAND FY 2008/2009 – FY 2013/2014
MONTHLY MAXIMUM DEMAND FY 2008/2009 – FY 2013/2014
FinancialYear
HighestMD (MW)
08/09 14,245
09/10 15,072
10/11 15,476
11/12 15,826
12/13 16,562
13/14 16,583
Maximum Demand for 2014 forecasted to increase during June to August impacted by the El-Nino effect.
GENERATION MIX 2002-2013
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
FY0203 FY0304 FY0405 FY0506 FY0607 FY0708 FY0809 FY0910 FY1011 FY1112 FY1213 FY1314
Generation Mix For Peninsula Malaysia
COAL GAS HYDRO OIL DISTILLATE
• Major fuel mix in Peninsula
Malaysia - Coal and Gas
• Gas dependability reduced
from 75% in 2003 to 47% in
2013.
• Coal contributes increased
to 45% in 2013.
• For FY1314, coal
percentage has dropped
due to major rectification
work by stations for tube
leak problems.
• Oil and Distillate are back up
fuels during gas curtailments
and coal unit forced
outages.
43 4239
36 36
41
46
5357
59
128
3 31
5 4 4 4 4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Pe
rce
nta
ge G
en
era
tio
n M
ix b
y Fe
ul
Gas Coal LNG Hydro
GENERATION MIX BY FUEL 2014 - 2018
• Future plant-up of coal units
pushes Coal to 59% in
2018.
• Gas and LNG kept at 37%
and hydro at 4%.
• Coal becomes major fuel
mix going forward due to its’
competitive pricing and
availability readiness.
Gas and LNG is differentiated by price and quantum.
• Below 1000mmscfd – GAS (Subsidised price)
• Above 1000mmscfd – LNG (Bintulu price)
GENERATION MIX BY FUEL 2014-2018
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
14
17.93
13.67
7.32
9.34
6.56
1.02 0.82 1.01 1.030.44
-98%
• The international benchmark
for system performance and
reliability.
• An index that measures the
severity of each system
disturbance relative to the size
of the system.
• Determined by calculating the
ratio of unsupplied energy
during an outage to the
energy that would be supplied
during one minute, if the
supplied energy was at its
peak value.
TNB managed to reduce the transmission system minutes from 20min in
2002 to 0.44min in 2013.
PERFORMANCE - SYSTEM MINUTES
SYSTEM MINUTES - BENCHMARKING
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00
TRANSCO Phillipines
ELECTRANET Australia
ESKOM South Africa
RTE France
TNB Malaysia - 2013
12.23
8.30
4.73
2.30
0.44
Minutes
For 2013, TNB’s performance was better than KEPCO and TEPCO, two
major utility in Asia.
KEPCO: 25.106 minutes
TEPCO: 9 minutes
Bukit TengahBukit Tengah
Kuah
Melaka
Seremban
Georgetown
Kota
Bharu
Kuala
Terengganu
Ipoh
Kuantan
Shah Alam
Alor
Setar
Kangar
JOHOR
PAHANG
MELAKA
NEGERI SEMBILAN
SELANGOR
PERAK
KEDAH
PULAU PINANG
KELANTAN
TERENGGANU
PERLIS
WILAYAHPERSEKUTUAN
LANGKAWI
MELAKA
BERSIA
KENERING
TEMENGOR
KENYIR
SG PIAH UPPER
SG PIAH LOWER
JOR
WOH
ODAK
CHENDEROH
PERGAU
Johor
Bahru
PRAI
GELUGOR
SEGARI
CONNAUGHT
BRIDGE
SERDANG
KAPAR
POWERTEK
PD
POWER
GENTING
SANYEN
PORT
DICKSON
YTL
PASIR
GUDANG
PAKA
YTL
Ayer Tawar
Batu GajahPapan
Kuala Kangsar
Bukit TambunJunjung
Bukit Tengah
Gurun
Bedong
Kota Setar
Chuping
Bukit Tarek
KL (E)
Hicom G
KL (S)
Salak Tinggi
Melaka
Kg Awah
Scudai
Telok Kalong
Tanah Merah
JANAMANJUNG
YAN
Yong Peng (N)
Bukit Batu
Sedili
Lenggeng
Yong Peng (E)
Prai (TNB)2 x 535 MW CCGT (Jan 2016)
Connaught Bridge (TNB)1 x 350 MW CCGT(Sep 2015)
Janamanjung (TNB)Unit 4: 1 x 1000 MW Coal (Mar 2015)Unit 5: 1x1000 MW Coal (Oct 2017)
Tg Bin (IPP)Unit 4: 1 x 1000 MW Coal (Mar 2016)
PCP, Pengerang (IPP)400 MW Import (Jul 2017)
Hulu Terengganu (TNB)250 MW Hydro(Sep 2015)
Ulu Jelai (TNB)372MW Hydro(2018)
Chenderoh (TNB)12MW Hydro(Dec 2015)
Tembat (TNB)15MW Hydro
ADDITIONAL 7,500 MW GENERATION CAPACITY COMMITTED UNTIL 2019
1MDB (IPP)Unit : 2 x 1000 MW Coal (2019)
GURUN (E)
JUNJUNG
AYER TAWAR
JANAMANJUNG
BKT TAREK
KAPAR
LENGGENG
OLAK LEMPIT
JIMAH
YONG PENG (E)
BKT BATU
TG BINPASIR GUDANG
500kV line500kV line but energized at 275kV
BENTONG (S)
ULU JELAI
TRANSMISSION PROJECTS REINFORCING THE GRID
TAPAH
HULU TERENGGANU
NEW PRAI
Kuala Ketil
• 500KV LINES AYER TAWAR
– TAPAH & LENGGENG –
YONG PENG(E) (2019)
• ULU JELAI HYDRO (2017)
• TG BIN U4 (2016)
• JANAMANJUNG U4 & U5
(2015)
• PRAI (2016)
• HULU TERENGGANU
(2015)
MAJOR CHALLENGES
Constraint on generation
operating reserves
Risk of water supply to power
stationsChallenging Weather
Reduced rainfall at hydro catchments
3
2 4
High unplanned generator outages
Major Challenges Faced by
Transmission Grid System
1
Gas supply issues5
North-Central FlowConstraint
6
0%
10%
20%
30%
Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14
Generator Outages 2013 - 2014
Unplanned Deration Planned
• Total generators outages
(plan and forced) averages
at 17% for last 2 years.
• Highest outage rate was
29%, on 22 Jan 2014.
• We are operating at 30%
reserve margin now.
• Reserve Margin is expected
to drop to 25%
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14
MW
Generator on Forced Outages 2013-2014
• Forced Outage in system can
reach up to 3800MW on
certain days.
HIGH UNPLANNED GENERATOR OUTAGES
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14
MW
900 MW
1800 MW
Yellow Warning
• 13th – 27th May 2013
• 13th Nov – 6th Dec 2013
• 20th – 24th Jan 2014
Orange Warning
•6th – 8th May 2014
•26th – 27th May 2014
Red Warning
•7th May 2014
2300 MW
Actual OR
Minimum
Operating
Reserve
OR target was reduced to 1800MW due to:-• Demand increase
• To meet schedule outage requirements
LOW GENERATION OPERATING RESERVE
237
239
241
243
245
247
249
1-Sep 1-Dec 1-Mar 1-Jun
TMGR LAKE LEVEL
'1112
current level
'1213
CHALLENGING WEATHER
135
137
139
141
143
145
147
1-Sep 1-Dec 1-Mar 1-Jun
KNYR LAKE LEVEL
'1112
Current Level
'1213
• Current lake level at Kenyir is the
lowest for the last 14 years.
• Current water inflow in the
catchments area are below
average.
• The year end target levels for
Kenyir and Temenggor revised
due to impounding work for Hulu
Trengganu project and the
anticipated El-Nino impact.
• Available water resources must
be carefully utilized to ensure full
capacity throughout the year and
2015.
• Water resources also must be
ensured available to meet the
relevant agencies minimum
discharge requirements.
WATER SUPPLY TO POWER STATIONS
• Raw water supply to power stations are
essential for the plant operation.
• All power station are listed as ‘sasaran
penting’, thus water supply will be given
top priority by water suppliers.
• Station have identified the risk and
established mitigation actions if water
supply is disrupted.
Survival rate, 3 to 10 days.
• High risk states are N. Sembilan and
Selangor.
Concentration of power stations
GAS SUPPLY
• 12 number of planned gas curtailments.
• 72 days with shortfall exceeding 400mmscfd.
• Critical shutdown planned in 2014
• June, 28 days of TTM shutdown during high demand period.
• August, 14 days of TCOT shutdown.
Kulim
Lumut
Kuala Berang
TemerlohBentong
Gua Musang
Kuala Lipis
Jerantut
Muadzam Shah
Mentakab
Kuala Pilah
Segamat
Mersing
Kluang
Kuah
Sg. Petani
Dungun
Taiping
Teluk Intan
Kuala Selangor
Kuala Kubu Baru
Banting
Gemas
Muar
Batu Pahat
Pontian Kechil
Seri Iskandar
Kampar
Melaka
Seremban
Georgetown
Kota Bharu
Kuala Terengganu
Ipoh
Kuantan
Shah Alam
Kangar
JOHOR
PAHANG
MELAKA
NEGERI SEMBILAN
SELANGOR
PERAK
KEDAH
PULAU PINANG
KELANTAN
TERENGGANU
PERLIS
WILAYAHPERSEKUTUAN
LANGKAWI
PAHLAWAN
Pasir Gudang
BERSIA
KENERING
TEMENGOR
KENYIR
SG PIAH UPPER
SG PIAH LOWER
JOR
WOH
ODAK
CHENDEROH
PERGAU
Johor Bahru
PRAI
SEGARI
CONNAUGHT BRIDGESERDANG
KAPAR
POWERTEK
PD POWER
GENTING SANYEN
TJPS
YTL
PASIR GUDANG
PAKA
YTL
Ayer Tawar
Batu GajahPapan
Kuala Kangsar
Bukit TambunJunjung
GurunBedong
Kota Setar
Chuping
Bukit Tarek
KL (N) KL (E)
Hicom G
KL (S)
Salak Tinggi
Melaka
Kg Awah
Skudai
Telok Kalong
Tanah Merah
Yong Peng (N)
ButterworthBukit Tengah
GELUGOR
JANAMANJUNG
TTPC
MELAKA
Gelang Patah
Alor Setar
7498 MW
•16,583 MWMAXIMUM DEMAND
(28/05/14)
• 7,498MWCENTRAL
AREA MAX. DEMAND
THREAT OF LOSS MAJOR TRANSMISSION CORRIDORS
Proposed network configuration during and after commissioning of JMJG U4
(Before Point A is ready)
JMJG500
BTRK500
U1 U3U2
ATWR275ATWR500
U4
L1L2
Split JMJG500 and ATWR500 with either 1400MW or 1700MW direct to
BTRK
Transmission constraint with JMJG U4
Proposed network configuration during and after commissioning of JMJG U4
(After Point A is ready)
L1L2
Point A
Split JMJG500 with either 1400MW or 1700MW direct to BTRK
Transmission constraint with JMJG U4
E-ATTEND SCHEME
The original 500kV LILO configuration has the risk of Out of Step and voltage problems for contingency n-2 BTRK-JMJG/ATWR
Incompletion of point A will further reduce system reliability where:
Propose to split JMJG and ATWR with 1400MW or 1700MW directly connected to BTRK
n-1 of the circuit with 1700MW attached will possibly trigger UFLS
Contingencies can cause overload on the parallel 275kV lines can be handled by a Special Protection Scheme called E-ATTEND with enhanced functionality – to reduce generation at JMJG/SGRI and/or trip SGRI and/or load shedding in Central area
E-ATTEND scheme recommends to include these functions: HVDC Run-back
Direct Hydro Intertrip Scheme (DHIS)
Event-based Load Shedding (at 49.5Hz)
DEMAND CONTROL IN MALAYSIAN GRID CODE
Operating Code No. 4 (OC4) governs the procedures to be
followed by the GSO and Users to facilitate Demand Control
in the event that insufficient
generating capacityis available to meet forecast or real-time
Demand
the possibility of frequency excursions
outside the limits given in the Planning
Code.
Demand Control shall include but not limited to the following actions on load or demand:
• (1) Automatic load or demand shedding;•Under frequency Load Shedding Scheme
•Under Voltage Load Shedding Scheme
• (2) Manual load or demand shedding; and• Load Shed & Restore (LSR)
•ROTA Load shedding
• (3) Reduction of load through voltage reduction;
These provisions may be used by the GSO to prevent System thermal overloads or System voltage collapse on any part of the Grid.
26
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
1-May 2-May 3-May 4-May 5-May 6-May 7-May 8-May 9-May 10-May 11-May 12-May
MW
System Availability vs Maximum Demand
Genenator Availability Maximum Demand
JMJG U1
PLPS BLKJMAH U1
JMJG U2 JMJG U3 SRDG GT1
TJGS ST1C KLPP GT11 PDPS GT2 PKLG U2
• Multiple forced outages of generators since 2nd May 2014.• Availability reduced from 18400MW to 15900MW.
• System survived on 6th May 2014 – Imported from EGAT and Singapore.• Generation and demand unbalance very huge on 7th May 2014. GSO
resorted to load shed to protect the grid system.
GENERATION SHORTAGE TO MEET THE DEMAND
0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
9:00 - 17:00
Steel Mills were
requested to stop
arcing in order to
reduce demand.
07000600
@ 0524hrs
TJGS Blk 1 (240MW)
tripped due to faulty
control valve.
7th May 2014 morning, generation availability was already low due to previous day forced outage of JMJG U2 and U3.
@ 0900hrs
started IMPORT from
Singapore & Thailand.
@ 1238hrs
PKLG U2 (145MW)
tripped due to cooling
water pump failure.
@ 1450hrs
PKLG U1 (285MW)
tripped due to cooling
water pump failure.
@ 1345hrs
RED warning was issued.
@ 1411hrs
ROTA was initiated and followed by EMLS which
amounting to a total of 470MW load interruption.
15:35 - 17:20
Restoration of supply
after PKLG U2 was
back online @1521hrs.
Red Warning was
cancelled @1720hrs
with Orange Warning
reinstated.
SEQUENCE OF EVENT ON 7th MAY 2014