Menulis Systematic

reviewPUDJI LESTARI

DEPARTEMEN IKM-KP FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNAIR

EMAIL: PULESAJA@GMAIL.COM HP 0818371734

What is a systematic review?

SYSTEMATIC: Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system: methodical

REVIEW: A critical appraisal of a book, play or other work

What is a systematic review?

“A systematic review is a review in which there is a comprehensive search for relevant studies on a specific topic, and those identified are then appraised and synthesized according to a predetermined and explicit method.”

(Klassen et al. Guides for reading and interpreting systematic reviews.

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998;152:700-704.)

Literature review

Membahas satu

aspek/bagian bidang

ilmu, tanpa

pertanyaan.

Co : Penggunaan

methadone

replacement untuk

adiksi heroin pada

remaja

Systematic review

Berusaha menjawab

pertanyaan spesifik dalam satu

bidang ilmu

Co : Apakah methadone

replacement lebih efektif

dalam penanganan adiksi

heroin pada remaja

dibandingkan dengan tanpa

replacement ?

https://www.cochrane.org/CD

002209/ADDICTN_methadone-

maintenance-therapy-versus-

no-opioid-replacement-

therapy

Cara mencari jurnal

Jurnal /artikel dicari

dalam data based

tanpa metode

tertentu, yang penting

relevan dengan topic

yang sedang ditulis.

Mencari artikel dalam

data based secara

systematic dengan

metode tertentu sesuai

tujuan pertanyaan

Contoh: menggunakan

MeSH term yang sesuai,

hanya memasukkan RCT,

dalam lima tahun

terakhir.

Literature review Systematic review

Cara menilai/meresume jurnal

Tidak spesifik, Dibaca

dan diresume sesuai

alur dan sudut

pandang penulis ,

Menggunakan tool tertentu dandikerjakan secarasubyektif (biasanyalebih dari satupeneliti).

Contoh Tool : MMAT2018;NOSGEN

Prisma; Cochran (membership)

Literature review Systematic review

Jumlah jurnal (for decent one)

lebih dari 100 jurnal,

lebih banyak lebih

bagus

Biasanya kurang dari 30,

sering kali kurang dari

10 karena harus

memenuhi kriteria inklusi

Systematic reviewLiterature review

Beda dengan Meta analisis

Bila analisis heterogenitas jurnal

dan resume jurnal menggunakan

statistik maka systematic review

disebut meta analisis.

Lima langkah menulis Systematic

review

1. Menemukan pertanyaan

2. Menetapkan protocol pencarian jurnal yang

sesuai

3. Melakukan penilaian jurnal

4. Meresume Jurnal

5. Menarik kesimpulan

Step 1 . Menemukan Pertanyaan

Yang biasanya merupakan kontroversi (dalam

pengobatan)

Contoh :

length of maintenance antipsychotic treatment in

schizophrenia;

The use of antidepressants in minor depression;

Hallucinogen psilocybin in magic mushroom

for depression, anxiety and addiction ;

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for schizophrenia ;

Deep brain stimulation for OCD

The PICO’s

Source :

https://libguides.ul.ie/c.php?g=328865&p=2208907

Length of maintenance

antipsychotic treatment in

schizophrenia

P : schizophrenia patients (age ?/sex?)

I : anti psychotic treatment for how long ?

(10 year ? 15 year?)

C : compare to how long (1 year / 5

year?)

O: Quality of life ?, frekuensi gaduh

gelisah?, Koherensi ? Insight?

the use of Corticosteroid on DHF

P :penderita DHF dewasa muda di

Surabaya

I : corticosteroid dosis tinggi

C : tanpa corticosteroid

O : kadar trombosit/ tensi/nadi

Step 2 : Set up protocol for

searching the journal

Tetapkan kata kunci

Tetapkan rentang waktu

Tetapkan data base

Tetapkan bahasa

Gunakan MeSH term

Gunakan Boolean logic

Boolean Logic: AND

this is AND zone, covering common area

between two ellipses

Boolean Logic OR

this is boolean OR, covering the two

ellipses

Contoh :

Electronic searches were performed using the PubMed (1 January

1990–1 July 2015), LILACS (1 January 1990–1 July 2015) and SciELO (1 January 1990–1 July 2015) databases.

The following key words were used: ayahuasca OR psilocybin OR

lysergic acid diethylamide AND anxiety OR depression OR

dependence. References were retrieved through searching

electronic databases and manual searches through reference lists

of identified literature. All studies published in English, Spanish, and

Portuguese up to 1 July 2015 were included.

Set up protocol for searching the

journal

Contoh :

https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/1465

1858.CD002209.pub2/full

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4910400

/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5241490

/

Trick : How to use the MeSH term

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GGhgbwU9Cs

Step 2. Mengidentifikasi Jurnal2

yang relevan

RCT’s

Perlakuan yang spesifik

Symptom yang diinginkan

Alat ukur yang diinginkan

Ketersediaan

Contoh :

Step 3. Menilai kualitas Jurnal

http://mixedmethodsappraisaltoolpublic.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/

127916259/MMAT_2018_criteria-manual_2018-08-01_ENG.pdf

https://guides.mclibrary.duke.edu/c.php?g=158178&p=1035917

http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/nosgen.pdf

CONSORT (keseluruhan Jurnal)

http://www.consort-statement.org/checklists/view/32--consort-

2010/66-title

Step 4. Meresume

Tanpa statistic : systematic review

Dengan statistic : Forest plot, Funnel plot

(meta analisis )

Author/studi n (jumlah sample) Intervensi Comparasi Outcome

Diskusi

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Narrative-synthesis-framework-Modifi-ed-from-14-41_fig2_232612227

Step 5 Menarik kesimpulan

Menjawab PICO, dengan spectrum dan konteks

Methadone is an effective maintenance therapy

intervention for the treatment of heroin dependence as

it retains patients in treatment and decreases heroin use

better than treatments that do not utilize opioid

replacement therapy. It does not show a statistically

significant superior effect on criminal activity or mortality.

Futher reading

http://dal.ca.libguides.com/systematicreviews/appraisal

https://www.ccace.ed.ac.uk/research/software-

resources/systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses

https://lib.guides.umd.edu/SR/steps