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Medieval and Renaissance Periods. c. 600 – c. 1600. Composers -. John Dowland (1563 – 1626). Orlando Gibbons (1583 – 1625). Some of the main composers towards the end of this era are…. William Byrd (1543 – 1623). Palestrina (c. 1525 – 1623). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Medieval and Medieval and Renaissance PeriodsRenaissance Periods
c. 600 – c. 1600c. 600 – c. 1600
•Some of the main composers towards the end of this era are…
Composers - Composers -
John Dowland(1563 – 1626)
Palestrina(c. 1525 – 1623)
William Byrd(1543 – 1623)
Orlando Gibbons(1583 – 1625)
How would you expect the music from this era to sound?
Music at the time was not based on Major and Minor (these weren’t in ful use until the Baroque Period) Scales as we know them. It was based on modes.
TONALITY: Modes - TONALITY: Modes -
Divided into two sections:
- SACRED (Religious music)
- SECULAR (Non-Religious)
VOCAL MUISICVOCAL MUISIC
Unaccompanied melody set to words of the Roman Catholic liturgy, such as the Mass. (Sacred)
Plainchants are modal and have no regular metre. Mostly sung by Monks, they follow the rhythm of the
Latin words.
Gregorian Chant/PlainsongGregorian Chant/Plainsong
Plainsong is mostly Monophonic.
Listen to the following example…
It is often Melismatic
Texture in MusicTexture in Music
MonophonicMonophonic
HomophonicHomophonic
PolyphonicPolyphonic
Sacred Vocal MusicSacred Vocal MusicMotet - Motet - This was a This was a sacredsacred choral work with choral work with Latin textLatin text and and
polyphonicpolyphonic texture, for several voices. texture, for several voices. It was usually sung It was usually sung a cappellaa cappella. . Antiphonal Music.Antiphonal Music.
Composers:Composers: Thomas Tallis wrote a Motet for 40 voices: Thomas Tallis wrote a Motet for 40 voices: ‘‘Spem in Alium’ and Giobanni Gabrielli wrote a Motet for two choirs Spem in Alium’ and Giobanni Gabrielli wrote a Motet for two choirs
Listen to the following example…
Sacred Vocal MusicSacred Vocal MusicAnthem - Anthem - Short sacred choral piece sung in English. Short sacred choral piece sung in English.
Sometimes sung by a choir unaccompanied and Sometimes sung by a choir unaccompanied and sometimes accompanied by organ and featuring sometimes accompanied by organ and featuring solo parts. The anthem is the Protestant equivalent solo parts. The anthem is the Protestant equivalent of the Motet.of the Motet.
Listen to the following example…
MassMass
Listen to the following example…
• The Mass is a service of the Roman Catholic Church.• It is a large scale work, with a set Latin text in which composers over the
years have set to Music.
• The basic Mass consists of five main sections –
1. Kyrie2. Gloria3. Credo4. Sanctus (and Benedictus)5. Agnus Dei
Architecture of the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
William Shakespeare
Secular Vocal MusicSecular Vocal MusicMadrigalMadrigal - - Normally a non-religious (Normally a non-religious (secular)secular) vocal piece vocal piece for several voices, sometimes with instrumental accompaniment. for several voices, sometimes with instrumental accompaniment. It is It is polyphonicpolyphonic in style and uses in style and uses imitationimitation. .
Features of a Madrigal are - Features of a Madrigal are -
English Text
Word Painting
Through-Composed
A cappella
Listen to the following example…
Secular Vocal MusicSecular Vocal MusicBallettBallett - - A type of A type of madrigalmadrigal in in strophicstrophic form which was form which was originally danced to. It features a fa-la-la refrain at the end of each originally danced to. It features a fa-la-la refrain at the end of each verse.verse. More lively and dance-like. (Now is the month of Maying)
Listen to the following example…
AirAir - English for Aria. Song or simple melody, either performed by
instruments, or sometimes a solo singer accompanied by a Lute.
InstrumentsInstruments
LuteLute
RecordersRecorders
ViolsViols
ConsortConsort – A small group on instruments of the same family playing together, e.g. a consort of viols. The term usually applies
to music from the Renaissance period.
Instruments of the Renaissance Period
Consort of viols
Recorders
Virginal
Clavichord
Renaissance DancesRenaissance Dances
PavanPavan – a Renaissance court dance; slow and stately with two beats in the bar.PA – VAN1 - 2
often linked with…
GalliardGalliard – A Galliard is quick and lively with three beats in a bar .
GA – LLI – ARD1 - 2 - 3
Listen to the following examples…
Other Concepts…Other Concepts…Some other concepts which are features of this era are -
Antiphonal -Antiphonal - Dialogue between voices or instruments - one group of voices or instruments answers the other. In a live performance this would
be on opposite sides of the room.
Hemiola -Hemiola - A rhythmic device giving the impression of a piece of music changing from duple (2) to triple (3) time, or vice versa.
Sometimes placed at the end of a piece to act as a kind of Rallentando.
Tierce de Picardie - Tierce de Picardie - The final chord of a piece of music The final chord of a piece of music in the minor key is changed to major.in the minor key is changed to major.
SummarySummary
• Mode• Gregorian Chant• Plainsong• Sacred• Secular• Madrigal• Motet• Mass• Ballett• A cappella• Consort• Pavan• Galliard
• Monophonic• Homophonic• Polyphonic• Strophic• Through-Composed• Air/Ayre• Anthem• Antiphonal• Tierce de Picardie• Hemiola• Melismatic• Syllabic
•By the end of this Unit, you should be familiar with the following Concepts -