Medical travellers guide_to_hip_replacement_surgery

GUIDE TO HIP REPLACEMENT

SURGERY

A Medical Traveller’s!

A Publication of

Make your hip replacement a success story by reading this E book

designed to guide you from start to finish. Staying informed helps

you plan better and this E book does just that.

It equips you with the right kind of information

to maximize your surgery outcomes and

make your recovery easier.

Key topics covered in

the E book include:

Hip Replacement Surgery is an effective surgery to relieve pain and restore the function of your hip joint…!

1 2 3 4 5

Understanding Hip Replacement

Is Hip Replacement Surgery for you?

Your Orthopaedic Evaluation

Getting Ready For Hip Replacement

Post Surgical Rehabilitation

*We recommend jotting down any questions you may have so a member from our Team may assist you.

GUIDE TO HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY GUIDE TO HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY

Understanding Knee Replacement

Is Knee Replacement Surgery for you?


Getting Ready for Knee Replacement


Before Surgery!During Surgery!After Surgery!

The Right Age Group for Surgery!•  What is Hip

replacement???!•  How is a hip

joint replaced?!1 2 3 4 5







Hip Joint Replacement is a surgical procedure whereby the diseased cartilage and bone of the hip joint is surgically replaced with a prosthetic device or artificial materials.!!

“ “ Introduction to Hip Replacement

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The normal human hip joint consists of the head of the thigh

bone (femoral head) that fits into a depression known as

acetabulum, in the pelvic girdle. The femoral head is a

spherical portion of the joint, which, together with the

acetabulum, forms a ball and socket joint (See figure A).

An inflamed or damaged hip joint looks like the right hip

joint in Figure B. The gap between the femoral head and

the acetabulum becomes reduced owing to conditions such

as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The friction within

the ball-and-socket hip joint increases and can cause severe

pain in the back and hip area.


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Click to read on types of Implants

used in Hip Replacement!

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A prosthesis is designed to mimic the ball and socket architecture of the hip joint. Prosthetic

hips have been designed using steel femoral heads and steel acetabula as well as Teflon, cobalt

alloys and titanium. Your orthopaedic surgeon can provide the best guidance regarding the

choice of materials for the prosthetic hip.








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How is a Hip Joint Replaced?

Typically, the prosthetic femoral head (ball part) is inserted into the

top end of a patient’s thigh bone and positioned to fit into an

artificial cup that mimics the acetabulum. When both parts are

replaced with prostheses, the hip surgery is known as Total hip

Replacement Surgery.

If your surgeon replaces either one component of the hip joint

(ball or socket), the surgery is known as Partial Hip Replacement

Surgery.








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Hip Replacement can be classified into further two categories!

Unilateral Hip Replacement

Bilateral Hip Replacement

involves replacement of both the

hip joints. The condition arises

because both hip joints are

affected.

Bilateral Hip Replacement

In unilateral dysplasia only one

joint shows deformity, resulting

in replacement of a single hip

joint.

1 2








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What it is?!How is knee joint replaced!







The Right Age Group for Surgery!

•  Eligibility for a Hip Surgery???!

!

1 2 3 4 5










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Hip replacement surgery is advised to patients who suffer from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, accidental trauma and to those who suffer from systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE).!

? In osteoarthritis, the protective cartilage that covers the femoral head and the inner

surface of the acetabulum is damaged resulting in increased friction.

Bone tissue from the femoral head may grow into the space created by erosion of the

cartilage. These outgrowths, known as bone spurs, can cause greater friction, and

therefore greater pain in the hip, during movement.

Rheumatoid arthritis and SLE are system-wide (occur throughout the whole body)

diseases that cause inflammation. Inflammation is basically a process when the

immune system turns onto the host body and creates destructive chemistry in

multiple organs. Inflammation of the hip joint can also cause loss of the cartilage

within the joint and cause discomfort and pain when walking.

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60 80

The Right Age Group for Hip Repacement

?

Trauma patients may also be advised to undergo hip replacement

surgery depending upon the extent of damage to the leg and

pelvic bones.

If arthritis is the underlying cause of pain in the hip joints, the

typical age of patients who are advised this surgery is between

60-80 years. However, hip replacement may be advised to

children with congenital bone deformities or to those who suffer

from childhood arthritis.

Male athletes who undergo rigorous training in their

competitive phase are also likely to suffer from arthritis. The

prevalence of knee and hip replacement surgeries in such

people is higher than non-athletes.

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•  What will your Orthopaedic evaluation

comprise of???!•  Signs you are not

ready for Hip replacement!

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An Evaluation with your Orthopaedic surgeon may consists of several components:

Medical History! Your orthopaedic surgeon will gather information about your general

health and ask questions about the extent of your hip pain and how it

affects your ability to perform everyday activities.

Physical Examination! This will assess hip mobility, strength, and alignment.

X-rays! These images help to determine the extent of damage or deformity in your hip.

Others!Occasionally blood tests, or advanced imaging such as a magnetic resonance

imaging (MRI) scan, may be needed to determine the condition of the bone

and soft tissues of your hip.

Your orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of evaluation with you and discuss whether Hip

replacement is the best method to address your concerns .

In addition, your orthopaedic surgeon will explain the potential risks and complications associated

With hip replacement, and help you set realistic expectations with the procedure.

Tip: Ask as many questions you want

from your orthopaedic surgeon. It is your

right

①  Hip pain that limits everyday activities, such as walking or

bending

②  Hip pain that continues while resting, either day or night

③  Stiffness in a hip that limits the ability to move or lift the

leg

④  Inadequate pain relief from anti-inflammatory drugs,

physical therapy, or walking supports


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Signs that show you are not ready for Hip Replacement;! !

Prior to undergoing surgery, doctor will have a

detailed discussion with you on many factors such as

age, overall health and bone density. Subsequently, he

will be the one to decide whether you are eligible for

hip replacement surgery or not.

①  Your hip pain does not restrict normal activities.

②  Improvement in symptoms can be observed with

more conservative treatments like medications etc.

③  You are only restricted from performing activities

such as running or skiing.

There are several reasons why your doctor may recommend hip replacement surgery. People who benefit from hip replacement surgery often have;!









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What Happens?!!

•  Before Surgery!•  During Surgery!•  After Surgery!

!

?

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A complete physical check-up & medical history is

required to rule out any medical problems

that may interfere with the surgery. A few

routine pre-surgery tests will also be performed.

You may be asked to donate your own blood to support

transfusion during the surgery to minimize risks related to

blood transfusions.

You will be advised to discontinue anti-inflammatory

medications to prevent excessive bleeding during surgery.

Smoking should also be stopped one week prior to surgery

and not resumed immediately after surgery. You will be

asked to fast for eight hours before the procedure.

Before Surgery!

The procedure itself takes approximately 1 to 4 hours.

The choice of anesthesia ( general, spinal or epidural )

depends on the combined decision of your

anesthesiologists and surgeon.

Your orthopaedic surgeon will remove the damaged

cartilage and bone and then position new

metal, plastic, or ceramic implants to

restore the alignment and function of

your hip.

During Surgery!

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Based on the material used prosthesis can be classified into further two types!

Cemented prosthesis

When using cemented implants,

a specially formulated bone

cement is used to anchor the

implanted into the patient’s

bones. The surgery is

recommended mostly to old /

less active people with weaker

bones or candidates diagnosed

with osteoporosis.

Uncemented prosthesis.

If an Uncemented implant is used, the prosthesis and the bone are

covered with a porous material that encourages the formation of new

bone tissue. The bones are then allowed to ‘grow’ marginally, around

the new implant and anchor the prosthetic hip in the recovery period.

The surgery is mostly recommended to young and more active

patients.








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After surgery, you will be moved to the recovery

room, where you will remain for several hours while

your recovery from anesthesia is monitored. After

you wake up, you will be taken to your hospital

room.

After Surgery!!

A specially designed rehabilitation routine will be started to

help regain strength, balance and movement in the knee.

You will be asked to stand 24 hours after the surgery and

will be advised to start walking in the next 48 hours with

support.

You will have a physiotherapist assigned initially to guide

you. Patient is usually discharged after4-5 days from the day

of surgery.

You should be able to bear your weight legs at ease when

released from hospital, however, few patients manage on

crutches, cane, or a walker for few weeks until they get

comfortable walking on their new knees.

Your stitches will be removed before discharge, and you will

be advised on exercises to continue at home. Subsequently,

doctor will also advise you oral medications to relieve pain Yo

ur H

ospita

l Sta

y!

.

Blood Clot Prevention

Blood clots in the leg veins or pelvis are the most

common complication of hip replacement surgery. Your

orthopaedic surgeon will outline a prevention program

which may include blood thinning medications, support

hose, inflatable leg coverings, ankle pump exercises,

and early mobilization.






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Rehabilitation from knee replacement surgery is a long

process and involves several stages. !

!•  Early phase of

rehabilitation!•  Long term

rehabilitation!!

?

1 2 3 4 5











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Recovering from Hip Replacement

Recovery from any surgery is a long process. Hip

Replacement Surgery is no different. In fact, given that

you have received an implant for one of the major joints

in the body, you can expect the recovery period to be

fairly long.

The good news is that because hip replacement surgeries

are very common, there is truckloads of information

available, that can make your recovery from hip

replacement surgery smooth. A few dos and don’t s, which

can help you through the recovery period are listed here:

GUIDE TO HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY





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Immediately after surgery, pain management will be the

biggest concern. Your Surgeon will prescribe painkillers to

help manage your pain.

Although movement is difficult in the early days, your

physiotherapist may prescribe certain exercises such as

cycling while lying down and mock pedaling. These

exercises will help to maintain the flow of blood in your

legs.

Use of pressure garments is essential to prevent the

formation of blood clots in leg veins.

In the early days of recovery, shortness of breath, pain in

the calves and pain in the chest are indicators of a

possible formation of a blood clot. If you experience any

of these symptoms, please call for medical assistance

immediately.

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Do’s & Don’ts of Recovering from Hip Replacement Surgery!

Following your discharge from the hospital there are steps

that you can take at home to help your recovery. Rearrange

your furniture and decor so that areas of your house that

you need to access are at minimal distance.

5









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Keep essential items within arm’s reach in order to minimize

movement and stretching in the first few days after getting

discharged from the hospital.

Ensure that you have ample space to move about

comfortably around the house with a walker.

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MINIMIZE

MOVEMENT &

STRETCHING








Consult a physiotherapist / orthopaedic

doctor before resuming activities such as

climbing stairs. Movement up and down

stairs will not be natural as before. Your

affected leg, unaffected leg and walking

aids (such as a cane or walker) have to be

moved in a precise sequence when going

up and down staircases.

Procure a high chair that

you can sit ‘on’ instead of

sitting ‘in’. The higher

position will minimize

stress on your hip when

sitting down or getting

up.

Movements are essential for

good recovery. However,

movements should be made

with care. You should stop daily

movements if you experience

pain.

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Bending over to pick up

things is not a good idea.

Flexing the implanted leg at

an angle of less than 90o is

also not advisable.

Standing pigeon-toed and bending at the

waist beyond 90 degree is also not advised if

you have had hip replacement surgery.

Last, but not the least, please maintain a

record of your experience of pain and

difficulty in movement and daily tasks. It is

likely to help your doctor adjust your therapy

plan to suit your needs..

You can keep the

affected leg ahead

of you as you stand

and sit. Ice packs

can be applied to

control swelling.

Use a heating pad or a

warm towel on the

affected leg before

beginning the

prescribed exercises.

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How different is your new Hip?!

In many cases, patients with hip replacements think that the new joint feels completely natural. However, we

recommend always avoiding extreme positions or high-impact physical activity ( contact sports, running,

single tennis and basketball) . Injury-prone sports such as downhill skiing are also dangerous for your new

joint.

leg with the new hip may be longer than it was before, either because of previous shortening due to the hip

disease, or because of a need to lengthen the hip to avoid dislocation.

Most patients get used to this feeling in time or can use a small lift in the other shoe. Some patients have

aching in the thigh when bearing weight for a few months after surgery.

Your surgeon and therapist will discuss further limitations with you following surgery. !

P.S!









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Hip replacement surgeries have a high success rate. The failure rate reported is

1% in the first 15 years of the life of an implanted hip. Hip implants can last for

~15- 20 years without causing pain or restriction of movement to patients.

However, care must be taken to manage physical activities so that the prosthetic

hip joints are not overloaded.

What is the success rate of Hip Replacement Surgery?!

#!

90-95 %

Hip replacement is one of the

most successful orthopaedic surgeries performed.!

“!“!









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Within two weeks , I was back in Lagos without pain……….!

READ FULL STORY OF DAVID

David Olusesan successfully

underwent Total Hip Replacement

procedure in India in 2013

Patient Experience

I am David Olusesan J. from Lagos, Nigeria. I was diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the hip

and was told I will need a Total Hip Replacement. Makewell assisted me in locating a

great hospital in India. They also assisted me with visa application procedures which

made it easy for me to acquire visa.

My trip to India was smooth and surgery was performed within 24 hours of my arrival in

Bengaluru that was like a record as far as I am concerned. My recovery was fast and

within two weeks I was back in Lagos walking without pain. And exactly after five weeks

after my surgery I am back at work without pains.








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The main arguments against waiting too long are …..

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Can I push my Surgery??!

?

It’s not going to get any better. Hip replacements are suggested

for people suffering from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or hip

injury. There is no cure and surgery is recommended before the

arthritis causes complications such as muscle loss and deformities.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition, meaning that the

affected joint will increasingly deteriorate over time. If not treated

on time, the symptoms might get aggravated and it might restrict

you from doing even simple day-to-day activities such as walking.

Delayed hip replacement would mean leading a sedentary lifestyle

because of limited mobility. Researchers have found that inactivity

can damage your mind, sleep cycle and organs. It can make you

prone to other health problems that can take a much heavier toll

on your health than your worn-out joints. There is a risk of obesity

and heart conditions.

3

GUIDE TO HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY

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Medical travellers guide_to_hip_replacement_surgery