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Chapter One
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Wellness Optimal health and vitality
The Dimensions of Wellness Physical
Emotional Intellectual Interpersonal (or Social) Spiritual
Environmental Other aspects: Occupational and Financial
The dimensions of wellness interact continuously,influencing and
being influenced by one another
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Causes of Death Number
of Deaths
Heart disease 616,067
Cancer 562,875
Stroke 135,952
Chronic lowerrespiratory diseases
127,924
Unintentional injuries 123,706
Alzheimer's disease 74,632
Causes of Death Number
of Deaths
Diabetes mellitus 71,382
Influenza and pneumonia 52,717
Kidney disease 46,448
Septicemia (systemic blood
infection)
34,828
Intentional self-harm(suicide)
34,598
Chronic liver disease 29,165
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Healthy life66.2 years
Impaired life11.7 years
Life expectancy77.9 years
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Number ofDeaths
per year
Percentage ofTotal Deaths
per year
Tobacco 440,000 18.1
Obesity 112,000 4.6
Alcohol 85,000 3.5
Microbial agents 75,000 3.1
Toxic agents 55,000 2.3
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Healthy People 2020 objectives:
Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities,
and
improve the health of all groups
Create social and physical environments that promote
good health for all Promote healthy development and healthy
behaviors
across every stage of life
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Healthy Campus 2010
Based on the guidelines of Healthy People2010, butdesigned
specifically for college students
Assists colleges in developing plans to improvestudent
health
More than 200 health-related objectives
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Sex and Gender
Ethnicity
Income and Education
Disability
Geographic location Sexual orientation
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Figure 1.4 Self-rated Health Status
and Quality of Care
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Health habits
Heredity/Family history
Environment
Access to health care
Behavior can make a difference!
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Getting serious about your health
Examine current health habits
Choose a target behavior
Learn about your target behavior
Find help
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Examine the pros and cons of change
Boost self-efficacy
Locus of control
Internal control versus external control
Visualization and self-talk
Role models and supportive people
Identify and overcome key barriers to change
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The transtheoretical, or stages of change, model:
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance Termination
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Forgive yourself
Give yourself credit for the progress you havealready made
Move on
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1. Monitor your behavior and gather data2. Analyze the data and
identify patterns
3. Be SMART about setting goals4. Devise a plan of action
Get what you need
Modify your environment
Control related habits
Reward yourself Involve the people around you
Plan for challenges
5. Make a personal contract
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Figure 1.7 A Sample Behavior Change
Contract
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Stick to your commitment.
Remember your reasons to make changes.
Remember,youare the boss. Use all your strategies.
Make sure your environment is change-friendly.
Get support and encouragement from others.
Keep track of your progress in a health journal.
Give yourself regular rewards.
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Social influences
Levels of motivation and commitment
Choice of techniques and level of effort
Stress barriers
Procrastinating, rationalizing, and blaming
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Making changes in your world
What does the future hold?
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Chapter One
