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Media Accountability in Media Accountability in EuropeEurope
Paolo Baldi, Media ConsultantPaolo Baldi, Media Consultant
EAVI Founding EAVI Founding ConferenceConferenceLucca, October 2004Lucca, October 2004
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
C o n t e n tC o n t e n t
I – Why Media Accountability is I – Why Media Accountability is important ?important ?
II – MA is in the Media Policy agendasII – MA is in the Media Policy agendas
III - Europe: a fragmented sutuationIII - Europe: a fragmented sutuationAdvanced countriesAdvanced countries
Less advanced countriesLess advanced countries
« Under construction » countries« Under construction » countries
IV – Concluding remarksIV – Concluding remarks
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
I – Why MA is important ?I – Why MA is important ?
Viewers / citizens participation is Viewers / citizens participation is highly dependent from: highly dependent from: the « quality » of the information the « quality » of the information
publicly available (on media activities) ;publicly available (on media activities) ; the « quality » of the formal / informal the « quality » of the formal / informal
procedures used for listening to procedures used for listening to audiences interests;audiences interests;
This transparency helps in monitoring This transparency helps in monitoring the performances of the media.the performances of the media.
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
I – Why MA is important ?I – Why MA is important ?
Complaints UnitsComplaints Units OmbudsmannOmbudsmann Audience CouncilsAudience Councils Public ConsultationsPublic Consultations ‘ ‘Media Meetings’Media Meetings’ Qualitative ResearchQualitative Research
Ethics ChartsEthics Charts Programs Programs
classificationclassification Programme policyProgramme policy Infomation on:Infomation on:
Complaints handlingComplaints handling SanctionsSanctions Etc…Etc…
« listening » to audiences
« informing » audiences
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
II – MA is in the Agenda… II – MA is in the Agenda…
Authoritative & ongoing PSBs reviewsAuthoritative & ongoing PSBs reviews
Innovative & audience-oriented Innovative & audience-oriented accountability instrumentsaccountability instruments
Creation of accountable self-Creation of accountable self-regulated bodiesregulated bodies
Promotion of Media LiteracyPromotion of Media Literacy
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – A fragmented EuropeIII – A fragmented Europe Most Most
AdvancedAdvancedLess Less
AdvancedAdvanced« Under -« Under -
Construction »Construction » UKUK IEIE DEDE NLNL BEBE SESE NONO F IF I
FRFR ITIT ESES CHCH LULU GRGR
P L P L CZCZ SKSK HUHU S IS I EE / LT / LVEE / LT / LV RORO BUBU
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – Most Advanced Countries III – Most Advanced Countries
Authoritative & ongoing PSBs reviewsAuthoritative & ongoing PSBs reviews
UK / OFCOM: PSBs review / BBC ChartUK / OFCOM: PSBs review / BBC Chart► « « maintaining and strengthening the quality maintaining and strengthening the quality
of PSB television in the future… »of PSB television in the future… »
► BBC: reviewing complaints handling processBBC: reviewing complaints handling process
IE / Gov.: « Forum on Broadcasting »IE / Gov.: « Forum on Broadcasting »► RTE Audience Council / RTE CharterRTE Audience Council / RTE Charter
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – Most Advanced Countries III – Most Advanced Countries
Innovative & audience-oriented Innovative & audience-oriented accountability instruments:accountability instruments: UK / OFCOM: Consumer Panel (indip.)UK / OFCOM: Consumer Panel (indip.)
DE / MA-NRW: Media Meeting (indip.)DE / MA-NRW: Media Meeting (indip.)
New elements:New elements: Create a stronger link with audiences / Create a stronger link with audiences /
publicpublic
Introduce non-politically appointed citizensIntroduce non-politically appointed citizens
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – Less Advanced CountriesIII – Less Advanced Countries Authorities (NRA) just supervise the
implementation of current legislation:: FR / GR: no complaints handlingFR / GR: no complaints handling Spain: CAC cannot revoke licencesSpain: CAC cannot revoke licences CH: no « Indip. Media Council » (law CH: no « Indip. Media Council » (law
revision)revision)
NRA have limited sanctionary powers:NRA have limited sanctionary powers: Italy: no starting or « cash settlement »Italy: no starting or « cash settlement » Spain (Andalusia) / LU: no sanctionsSpain (Andalusia) / LU: no sanctions
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – Less Advanced Countries III – Less Advanced Countries
Convoluted and « unworkable » legislation:Convoluted and « unworkable » legislation: IT: need for one systematic Code TV & MinorsIT: need for one systematic Code TV & Minors
GR: « non-implementability » of the legislationGR: « non-implementability » of the legislation
Questionables accountability mechanisms:Questionables accountability mechanisms: FTV: « Médiateur » / « Charte de l’antenne » FTV: « Médiateur » / « Charte de l’antenne »
CH / SRG: « Regional Societies » limited influence CH / SRG: « Regional Societies » limited influence (contradictory role)(contradictory role)
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
III – « Under Construction » III – « Under Construction » CountriesCountries
Lack of a civil society tradition:Lack of a civil society tradition: RO : « we miss consumer’s education » (NAC)RO : « we miss consumer’s education » (NAC)
Weakness of the regulatory framework:Weakness of the regulatory framework: EU Regulation not fully implemented (PL / CZ)EU Regulation not fully implemented (PL / CZ) No good laws: Wrestilng (BU); Nova (CZ)No good laws: Wrestilng (BU); Nova (CZ)
NRAs have too many competences:NRAs have too many competences: lack of visibility / attention on « viewers lack of visibility / attention on « viewers
interests » issuesinterests » issues
EAVI Conference – Lucca, October 2004
IV – Concluding Remarks IV – Concluding Remarks
ICTs are accelerating the adoption of ICTs are accelerating the adoption of more performant accountability toolsmore performant accountability tools
Self-regulation is a solution if seriously Self-regulation is a solution if seriously endorsed & monitored by the Govsendorsed & monitored by the Govs
Small countries with « next door giants » Small countries with « next door giants » urgently need pan-European regulationurgently need pan-European regulation
« Complaints » and « Sanctions » are « Complaints » and « Sanctions » are two negatives approaches: dialogue and two negatives approaches: dialogue and visionvision
T h a n k sT h a n k s