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Mec
hatr
onic
al e
ngin
eeri
ng o
f pr
oduc
tion
d
ih
llsy
stem
s an
d it
s ne
w c
halle
nges
(a
lso)
fo
rm
athe
mat
ical
rese
arch
for
mat
hem
atic
al r
esea
rch
apl.
Prof
. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Ott
o-v
on-G
uer
icke
Univ
ersi
tät
Mag
deb
urg
Ott
o-v
on-G
uer
icke
Univ
ersi
tät
Mag
deb
urg
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
0.So
me
wor
ds a
bout
the
spe
aker
1Ba
sic
prob
lem
ofpl
ant
engi
neer
ing
1.Ba
sic
prob
lem
of
plan
t en
gine
erin
g2.
Mec
hatr
onic
s–
Term
s an
d de
fini
tion
sM
ht
il
ito
Mec
hatr
onic
al u
nits
oM
echa
tron
ical
con
trol
arc
hite
ctur
e
3M
echa
tron
ical
engi
neer
ing
proc
ess
for
prod
ucti
on3.
Mec
hatr
onic
al e
ngin
eeri
ng p
roce
ss f
or p
rodu
ctio
n sy
stem
s4
Bene
fits
ofm
echa
tron
ical
engi
neer
ing
4.Be
nefi
ts o
f m
echa
tron
ical
eng
inee
ring
5.Ch
alle
nges
of
mec
hatr
onic
al e
ngin
eeri
ngE
ii
dt
it
td
lll
oEn
gine
erin
g da
ta c
onsi
sten
cy a
t m
odel
leve
lo
Dis
trib
uted
pla
nnin
g in
dis
trib
uted
aut
omat
ion
arch
itec
ture
s
6N
ewre
sear
chdi
rect
ions
?
ll
6.N
ew r
esea
rch
dire
ctio
ns?
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Out
line
Out
line
Com
pani
es f
ace
new
cha
lleng
esI
id
ti
to
Incr
easi
ng p
rodu
ct v
arie
tyo
Redu
ced
prod
uct
life
cycl
eTh
isre
sult
sin
This
res
ults
ino
Incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
syst
em f
lexi
bilit
y an
d, t
hus,
com
plex
ity
oRe
duce
d pr
oduc
tion
sys
tem
life
tim
e o
Incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
syst
em r
eeng
inee
ring
fre
quen
cyBu
t pr
oduc
tion
sys
tem
en
gine
erin
gin
volv
esP
rodu
ctD
esig
nPl
ant P
lann
ing
Func
tiona
lE
ngin
eerin
gC
omm
issi
onin
gen
gine
erin
g in
volv
es
va
riou
s en
gine
erin
g
disc
iplin
es
Des
ign
Eng
inee
ring
Basi
cBa
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
tap
l. Pr
of. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Basi
c Ba
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
t en
gine
erin
gen
gine
erin
g
Pro
duct
desi
gn
Pro
duct
desi
gn
desi
gnS
peci
ficat
ion
BO
M, B
OO
Pla
ntla
yout
Bas
ic
plan
ning
Pla
nt la
yout
plan
ning
Pla
ning
qual
ityas
sura
nce
Pro
cess
plan
ning
Tt
Func
tiona
lE
ngin
eerin
g
Sim
ulat
ion
…Tr
ansp
ort
plan
ning
Mec
hani
cal
Eng
inee
ring
Rob
ot
prog
ram
min
gC
ontro
lpr
ogra
mm
ing
El
il
Mec
hani
cal
engi
neer
ing
…
Inst
alla
tion
Com
mis
-si
onin
gIn
stal
latio
nVi
rtual
i
ii
Ele
ctric
alen
gine
erin
gS
imul
atio
n
Basi
cBa
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
t
Inst
alla
tion
com
mis
sion
ing
…
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Basi
c Ba
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
t en
gine
erin
gen
gine
erin
g
Engi
neer
ing
proc
ess
oCo
nsis
t of
a h
iera
rchy
of
engi
neer
ing
acti
viti
es t
o m
ake
desi
gn
oCo
sst
oa
ea
cy
oe
gee
gac
tt
esto
ae
des
gde
cisi
ons
of d
iffe
rent
nat
ure
oRe
quir
es t
ools
, eng
inee
ring
art
ifac
ts a
nd h
uman
res
ourc
es a
nd
crea
tes
engi
neer
ing
arti
fact
scr
eate
s en
gine
erin
g ar
tifa
cts
Hum
answ
ithth
erig
htsk
illsa
ndkn
owle
dge
PhA
PhB
PhC
PhD
Desig
nde
cisio
n
skill
sand
know
ledg
ePr
edec
esso
rde
sign
deci
sions
Phas
e A
Phas
e B
Phas
e C
Phas
e D
Activ
ity3
Desig
n de
cisio
n(e
ngin
eerin
gact
ivity
tobe
exec
uted
)In
form
atio
n re
quire
dIn
form
atio
n cr
eate
d
Activ
ity1
Activ
ity2
Activ
ity4
Activ
ity2.
1Ac
tivity
2.2
Engi
neer
ing
tool
sSu
cces
sord
esig
n de
cisio
ns
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Elem
enta
ryac
tion
Basi
cBa
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
tap
l. Pr
of. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Basi
c Ba
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
t en
gine
erin
gen
gine
erin
g
Wit
hin
the
engi
neer
ing
proc
ess
seve
ral p
itfa
lls n
eed
tobe
bypa
ssed
to b
e by
pass
ed
oIn
cons
iste
ncie
s be
twee
n en
gine
erin
g in
form
atio
n of
•
Dif
fere
nt e
ngin
eeri
ng d
isci
plin
es•
Dif
fere
nt e
ngin
eeri
ng p
hase
so
Mis
inte
rpre
tati
ons
of e
ngin
eeri
ng in
form
atio
n in
cas
e of
in
form
atio
nex
chan
gebe
twee
nin
form
atio
n ex
chan
ge b
etw
een
•D
iffe
rent
eng
inee
ring
too
ls•
Dif
fere
nt e
ngin
eeri
ng d
isci
plin
esD
iffe
rent
engi
neer
ing
phas
es•
Dif
fere
nt e
ngin
eeri
ng p
hase
s
Com
mon
con
cept
s an
d m
odel
s en
ablin
g an
exp
licit
C
pg
pre
pres
enta
tion
of
depe
nden
cies
and
mod
el
tran
sfor
mat
ions
are
req
uire
d Basi
cBa
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
tap
l. Pr
of. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Basi
c Ba
sic
prob
lem
prob
lem
ofofpl
ant
plan
t en
gine
erin
gen
gine
erin
g
Term
Mec
hatr
onic
em
erge
s in
1970
inJa
pan
in 1
970
in J
apan
o
in G
erm
any
Fein
wer
ktec
hnik
is u
sed
in a
sim
ilar
way
Mec
han
ic
Toda
y m
echa
tron
ics
is
char
acte
rise
dby
Com
bina
tion
ofm
echa
nica
lEl
ectr
ic…
oCo
mbi
nati
on o
f m
echa
nica
l, el
ectr
ical
, inf
orm
atio
n an
d ot
her
scie
nces
pro
vidi
ng a
n ad
ded
valu
ebe
yond
norm
alIn
form
a-ti
Flid
iad
ded
valu
e be
yond
nor
mal
ad
diti
ono
Prov
isio
n of
a d
edic
ated
fu
ncti
onal
ity
tion
pro
-ce
ssin
g
Opti
c
Fluid
ic
func
tion
alit
yM
echa
tron
ic is
con
side
red
in a
pplic
atio
n as
wel
l as
in
Opti
c
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
––Te
rms
Term
san
dan
d
ppen
gine
erin
g
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
Term
s Te
rms
and
and
defi
niti
ons
defi
niti
ons
A m
echa
tron
ical
eng
inee
ring
pro
cess
o
is a
n en
gine
erin
g pr
oces
s w
here
the
invo
lved
eng
inee
ring
obj
ects
o
sa
eg
eeg
poc
ess
ee
te
oed
eg
eeg
obje
cts
are
mec
hatr
onic
al u
nits
and
mec
hatr
onic
al s
yste
ms.
A
mec
hatr
onic
al u
nit
(MU
)l
dli
ib
dl
oIs
a c
lose
d sy
stem
rea
lizin
g by
act
uato
rs, s
enso
rs a
nd c
ontr
ols
a (p
hysi
cal)
beha
vior
wit
hin
a m
anuf
actu
ring
sys
tem
oIs
com
pose
d of
sof
twar
e an
d ha
rdw
are
obje
cts
pj
oCa
n be
des
crib
ed b
y it
s fu
ncti
onal
ity.
A m
echa
tron
ical
sys
tem
oIs
com
pose
d of
one
or
mor
e m
echa
tron
ical
uni
tsA
mec
hatr
onic
al in
form
atio
n ob
ject
(MIO
)I
if
ii
di
iif
hbi
ho
Is a
n in
form
atio
n or
ient
ed e
ngin
eeri
ng a
rtif
act
that
com
bine
s th
e m
odel
ing
of m
echa
tron
ical
uni
ts o
f a
man
ufac
turi
ng s
yste
m w
ith
its
diff
eren
t ch
arac
teri
stic
s lik
e si
gnal
s, e
lect
rica
l dra
win
g,
func
tion
bloc
ksor
devi
ces
inon
eob
ject
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
––Te
rms
Term
san
dan
d
func
tion
blo
cks
or d
evic
es in
one
obj
ect
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
Term
s Te
rms
and
and
defi
niti
ons
defi
niti
ons
Engin
eeri
ng
Mec
hat
ronic
alin
form
atio
n1
1..n
Engin
eeri
ng
1 1..n
Engin
eeri
ng
1
1..n
crea
tes
info
rmat
ion
obje
ctPr
oce
ssA
rtef
act
uses
Mec
hat
ronic
al
Unit
1..n
Mec
hat
ronic
al
Engin
eeri
ng
Proce
ss
crea
tes
uses
uses
11.
.nM
echat
ronic
al
Syst
em
1cr
eate
s
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
––Te
rms
Term
san
dan
dap
l. Pr
of. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
Term
s Te
rms
and
and
defi
niti
ons
defi
niti
ons
Repr
esen
ts t
he d
igit
al
scha
dow
ofth
esc
hado
wof
the
m
echa
tron
ical
uni
t /
syst
emC
ontro
l rel
ated
Con
trol r
elat
edin
form
atio
nin
form
atio
n
Sig
nals
PLC
pro
gram
Furth
er te
chni
cal
Furth
er te
chni
cal
IInfo
rmat
ion
nfor
mat
ion
wei
ght
ener
gy c
onsu
mpt
ion
Cont
ains
o
The
diff
eren
t di
scip
line
rela
ted
pg
orga
nsia
tion
units
…
Ele
ctr.,
Pne
um.,
Ele
ctr.,
Pne
um.,
Hyd
rau.
Info
rmat
ion
Hyd
rau.
Info
rmat
ion
Topo
logi
cal
Topo
logi
cal
info
rmat
ion
info
rmat
ion
gyp
Tech
nica
l dcu
men
tatio
n
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion/
mod
els/
…o
The
rela
tion
s be
twee
n in
form
atio
nob
ject
s
yy
Wiri
ngC
onne
ctio
nsP
ipin
g...
Pla
nt-
and
devi
ce s
truct
ure
Layo
utIn
terfa
ces
info
rmat
ion
obje
cts
Can
be t
reat
ed li
ke a
n on
tolo
gy
Mec
hani
cal
Mec
hani
cal
Info
rmat
ion
Info
rmat
ion
3D C
AD
Kin
emat
ics
Eco
nom
ical
E
cono
mic
al
Info
rmat
ione
nIn
form
atio
nen
Vend
or in
form
atio
nP
artn
umbe
r
Func
tions
des
crib
ing
Func
tions
des
crib
ing
Info
rmat
ion
Info
rmat
ion
gy…
Par
t num
ber
Pric
e…
Func
tion
desc
riptio
nFu
nctio
nal p
aram
eter
ste
chno
logi
cal p
aram
eter
s…
.
hl
fb
hl
fb
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al in
form
atio
n ob
ject
Mec
hatr
onic
al in
form
atio
n ob
ject
Mec
hatr
onic
al a
rchi
tect
ure
follo
win
g VD
IU G
uide
line
2206
2206
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
––Te
rms
Term
san
dan
dap
l. Pr
of. D
r.-In
g. h
abil.
A. L
üder
Mec
hatr
onic
sM
echa
tron
ics
Term
s Te
rms
and
and
defi
niti
ons
defi
niti
ons
Hie
rarc
hica
l mec
ha-
tron
ical
stru
ctur
eM
ech
atr
on
icals
yste
mof
tron
ical
stru
ctur
e en
able
s a
hier
arch
ical
co
ntro
l str
uctu
re
Mech
atr
on
ical s
yste
m o
f h
igh
er h
iera
rchy
leve
l
oPr
ovis
ion
of f
unct
ions
to
hig
her
laye
r m
echa
-tr
onic
alsy
stem
s
Execu
tion
inte
rface
oU
se o
f fu
ncti
on o
f lo
wer
la
yer
mec
hatr
onic
al
syst
ems
to c
reat
e ow
n
Info
rmation p
roce
ssin
g a
s part
of co
ntr
ol a
pplica
tions
Info
rmation p
roce
ssin
g a
s part
of co
ntr
ol a
pplica
tions
func
tion
sEn
able
s cl
ear
stru
ctur
ing
ofM
ech
atr
on
ical s
yste
m
Devi
ce in
terf
ace
stru
ctur
ing
of
man
ufac
turi
ng
proc
ess
cont
rol
Mech
atr
on
ical s
yste
m o
f lo
wer h
iera
rch
y le
vel
Mech
atr
on
ical s
yste
m o
f lo
wer h
iera
rch
y le
vel
Mec
hatr
onic
alM
echa
tron
ical
cont
rol
cont
rol
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al
Mec
hatr
onic
al c
ontr
olco
ntro
lar
chit
ectu
rear
chit
ectu
re
Pro
duct
rela
ted
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
s re
cipe
Res
ourc
ere
late
d co
ntro
l se
quen
ce
Bas
ic p
roce
sses
Cell
Site
Mai
n gr
oup
Cell
Mec
hatr
onic
al sy
stem
Bas
ic d
river
func
tiona
lity
Sub-
func
tion
grou
p
Func
tion
grou
p
Mec
hatr
onic
al u
nit
Mec
hatr
onic
alM
echa
tron
ical
cont
rol
cont
rol
Mec
hani
calp
art
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al
Mec
hatr
onic
al c
ontr
olco
ntro
lar
chit
ectu
rear
chit
ectu
re
Laye
r 5 –
Ove
rall
prod
uctio
nM
ain
Prog
ram
prod
uctio
n pr
oces
s
Laye
r 4 –
Mai
n
Mai
n Pr
ogra
m
Reso
urce
func
tion
Reso
urce
func
tion
prod
uctio
n fa
ctio
ns
Laye
r3–
Basic
beha
vior
func
tion
bloc
k
Basic
func
tion
beha
vior
re
pres
enta
tion
Basic
func
tion
Laye
r 3
Basic
pr
oduc
tion
func
tions
Basic
func
tion
beha
vior
func
tion
bloc
k
Basic
func
tion
beha
vior
re
pres
enta
tion
Laye
r 2 -
Devi
ces
Devi
ce b
ehav
ior
func
tion
bloc
kDe
vice
beh
avio
r re
pres
enta
tion
Laye
r 1 -
Sign
als
Phys
ical
syst
em
stat
e rep
rese
ntat
ion
Mec
hatr
onic
alM
echa
tron
ical
cont
rol
cont
rol
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al
Mec
hatr
onic
al c
ontr
olco
ntro
lar
chit
ectu
rear
chit
ectu
re
VDI 2
206
prov
ides
a
proc
ess
mod
elfo
rpr
oces
s m
odel
for
m
echa
tron
ical
eng
inee
ring
oD
iffe
rent
pha
ses
enab
ling
the
dii
lii
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Ing.
hab
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hab
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neer
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Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al
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hatr
onic
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neer
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ess
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eig
en
apl.
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. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Mec
hatr
onic
al
Mec
hatr
onic
al e
ngin
eeri
ngen
gine
erin
gpr
oces
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rfo
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oduc
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fits
ofm
echa
tron
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apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Bene
fits
of
mec
hatr
onic
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fits
of
mec
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ofm
echa
tron
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apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Bene
fits
of
mec
hatr
onic
al
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fits
of
mec
hatr
onic
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engi
neer
ing
engi
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gine
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tron
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. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
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er
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fits
of
mec
hatr
onic
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of
mec
hatr
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engi
neer
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. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Chal
leng
es o
f m
echa
tron
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Ch
alle
nges
of
mec
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onic
al
engi
neer
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ost
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atic
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ynam
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odel
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ased
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nges
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echa
tron
ical
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Chal
leng
es o
f m
echa
tron
ical
Ch
alle
nges
of
mec
hatr
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al
engi
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engi
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leng
esof
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alle
nges
ofm
echa
tron
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qual
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. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
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er
Chal
leng
es o
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tron
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Ch
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Ing.
hab
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onic
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tron
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. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
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ical
Ch
alle
nges
of
mec
hatr
onic
al
engi
neer
ing
engi
neer
ing
Esse
ntia
l pro
blem
: Dis
trib
uted
sch
edul
ing
of
reso
urce
sre
sour
ces
oCu
rren
t al
gori
thm
s po
stul
ate
the
com
plet
ely
info
rmed
pla
nner
This
is n
ot g
iven
in d
istr
ibut
ed c
ontr
olg
oIn
stea
d:•
Each
con
trol
ent
ity
know
s on
ly it
s ow
n re
quir
emen
ts a
nd
bord
erin
gco
ndit
ions
bord
erin
g co
ndit
ions
•Co
ntro
l ent
itie
s ca
n in
tera
ct v
ia in
tera
ctio
n pr
otoc
ols
oCu
rren
tly:
Fifi
dl
i•
Firs
t com
e fi
rst
serv
ed p
lann
ing
•Pr
iori
ty in
tegr
atio
n ca
n re
sult
in s
now
ball
effe
cts
Mat
hem
atic
alre
sear
chca
npr
ovid
eim
prov
edM
athe
mat
ical
res
earc
h ca
n pr
ovid
e im
prov
ed
sche
dulin
g al
gori
thm
s im
plem
enta
ble
in d
istr
ibut
ed
cont
rol s
yste
ms
Chal
leng
esof
mec
hatr
onic
alCh
alle
nges
ofm
echa
tron
ical
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
Chal
leng
es o
f m
echa
tron
ical
Ch
alle
nges
of
mec
hatr
onic
al
engi
neer
ing
engi
neer
ing
An
esse
ntia
l cap
abili
ty f
or c
ontr
ol s
yste
m
impr
ovem
ent
isth
ein
crea
sing
calc
ulat
ion
pow
erof
impr
ovem
ent
is t
he in
crea
sing
cal
cula
tion
pow
er o
f m
oder
n em
bedd
ed s
yste
ms
oEn
able
the
dir
ect
appl
icat
ion
of m
odel
dri
ven
appr
oach
es a
nd
hi
fd
lbd
lth
e ex
ecut
ion
of m
odel
bas
ed c
ontr
ol s
yste
ms
oEn
able
impl
emen
tati
on in
depe
nden
t m
odel
ing
of c
ontr
olle
d be
havi
or a
nd it
s ex
ecut
ion
in a
n in
terp
rete
r lik
e w
ayBe
havi
or m
odel
s ca
n be
des
igne
d, im
prov
ed a
nd
exec
uted
alo
ng t
he p
lant
life
cyc
le in
tegr
atin
g pr
oduc
t re
late
dm
odel
san
dre
sour
cere
late
dm
odel
sre
late
d m
odel
s an
d re
sour
ce r
elat
ed m
odel
sSu
cces
s of
Indu
stry
4.0
init
iati
ve is
bas
ed o
n su
ch
mod
els
mod
els
Ope
n qu
esti
on: H
ow t
o en
rich
mod
el c
onte
nt s
tep
by
step
whi
le p
rese
rvin
g m
odel
con
sist
ency
in a
n
hd
hd
auto
mat
ic w
ay?
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
New
res
earc
h di
rect
ions
?N
ew r
esea
rch
dire
ctio
ns?
Ope
n qu
esti
on: H
ow t
o en
rich
mod
el c
onte
nt s
tep
by
step
whi
lepr
eser
ving
mod
elco
nsis
tenc
yin
anst
ep w
hile
pre
serv
ing
mod
el c
onsi
sten
cy in
an
auto
mat
ic w
ay?
oM
odel
tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
oM
odel
con
sist
ency
rul
eso
Mod
el in
tegr
atio
n
Mos
t re
leva
nt m
odel
typ
es:
oSy
stem
s of
inte
ract
ing
(hyb
rid)
aut
omat
ons
wer
e au
tom
aton
st
ates
may
con
tain
dif
fere
ntia
l equ
atio
n sy
stem
s to
re
pres
ent
para
met
er t
rend
so
Syst
ems
ofhi
erar
chic
alau
tom
aton
so
Syst
ems
of h
iera
rchi
cal a
utom
aton
s
hd
hd
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
New
res
earc
h di
rect
ions
?N
ew r
esea
rch
dire
ctio
ns?
Der
einz
ige
Weg
,die
Gre
nzen
des
Mög
liche
nzu
find
en,i
st,e
inkl
ein
wen
igüb
erdi
ese
hina
usin
das
gU
nmög
liche
vorz
usto
ßen.
Art
hur
C. C
lark
e
apl.
Prof
. Dr.-
Ing.
hab
il. A
. Lüd
er
![cQl@ll 1IITn]@ll - CGIAR](https://img.dokumen.tips/doc/110x75/6198a916b87c36391649b004/cqlll-1iitnll-cgiar.jpg)
