measurement with confidence - ParCFD2007.parcfd.org/seminar/strain-gage/brosur.pdfOn hand for all major strain gage (SG) conﬁgurations used in experimental stress analysis: integrated

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Strain Gagesand Accessories

Strain Gages and Accessories

digi_0964_HBM.qxd 30.06.2006 10:32 Uhr Seite 3

4 Strain Gages and Accessories

IntroductionNew

Strain gages used in: Railway engineering, aerospace industry....

How to find the right strain gage (SG)

Explanations on specifications

From measured strain to mechanical stress

Type designation

Y, V, C, G and K series strain gagesY series strain gages

Specifications

with 1 measuring grid / linear strain gages

with 2 measuring grids / double strain gages

with 2 measuring grids / T rosette

with 2 measuring grids / torsion/shear strain gages / T rosette

with 3 measuring grids / rosettes

with 4 measuring grids / full bridges

full bridge / diaphragm rosettes

strain gage chains

Strain gages with connection cable K-LY... / K-XY... / K-RY...

Specifications

with 1 measuring grid

with 2 measuring grids

with 3 measuring grids

V series strain gages

encapsulated strain gages with 3m stranded connection wire / Specifications

Special strain gages / encapsulated strain gage with stranded wire

C series strain gages

Specifications

with 1 measuring grid / 2 measuring grids / 3 measuring grids

G series strain gages

Specifications

with 1 measuring grid / 2 measuring grids

Contents

6-7

8-9

10-11

12-17

18-19

20-21

22

23

24-26

27

28-29

30-31

32-35

36

37

38-41

42

43

44

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48

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56-57


Strain Gages and Accessories 5

K series strain gages

Specifications

with 1 measuring grid / linear strain gages

with 2 measuring grids / double strain gages; torsion/shear SG / T rosette

with 4 measuring grids / diaphragm rosette

Balancing and compensating elements

Special strain gages, MTS 3000Weldable strain gage

Strain gages for high strain

Crack propagation gages

Strain gages for determination of residual stress

MTS 3000 …the system, for automatically determining residual stress using SG

Customized strain gages

Strain gage accessoriesStrain gage bonding material

Strain gage covering agents

Cleaning solvents, aids for bonding and soldering

Solder terminals

Cables and stranded wires

Bridge completion, resistance meter

Installation case

HBM software … for stress analysis

HBM amplifiers … used in stress analysis

Literature, teaching pack, seminars, CD ROM

Strain gage installation serviceService – for you from us

58

59

60-61

62-64

65

66-67

68

69

70-71

72-74

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80-82

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90-91

92-93

94-95

96-97


On hand for all major strain gage (SG) configurations used in experimental stress analysis:

integrated solder tabs big solder tabs with strain relief leads (uninsulated, 30 mm (1.18 inch) long) Teflon-insulated connection wires PVC-insulated ribbon cable, alternatively with 2-, 3- or 4-

wire circuit; cable length at the customer’s choice

…the right connection for everyone

… competence in residual stress analysis

Three strain gage connection variants for the hole drilling method: integrated solder tabs Teflon-insulated connection wires PVC ribbon cable

. New . New . New . New . New . New . New . New . N


From the simple standard strain gage through to sophisticated full bridge strain gages:

HBM provides you with a choice of standardized and customized strain gages for the manufacture of measurement transducers.

Request our catalog at www.hbm.com/straingages


DY4x... XY10x...XY3x...

Double SG with integrated solder tabs

T rosette with big solder tabs with strain relief

no effects of cable forces on the SG

no effects of the solder joint on the measurement properties

T rosette with integrated solder tabs

now also with 1.5 mm (0.039 inch)grid length and 350 Ω

allows both increased excitation voltage and compact dimensions

New .New . New . New . New . New . New . New . New . N


0°/45°/90° rosette with big solder tabswith strain relief

no effects of cable forces on the SG

no effects of the solder joint on the measurement properties

Full bridge (Poisson full bridge) with inte-grated solder tabs

ideally fits the measurement of uniaxial stress states on tensile test specimens (Poisson’s effect) and the measurement of torsion and shear

0°/45°/90°hole drilling rosettefor the determinationof residual stress

big, for easy installation

compatible to previous HBM hole drilling rosettes

optionally available:

with integrated solder tabs

pre-wired with ribbon cable (length and configuration on request), does not require any soldering on the SG

RY10x... VY4x... RY61...

Wheatstone bridge circuit:Save time using the new XY7x T rosetteT rosettes are often connected in a half or full bridgeusing the Wheatstone bridge circuit. The new XY7x Trosette comes with both measuring grids alreadyconnected electrically at one point. Your benefit: The number of electrical contacts you have to makeis reduced and thus you save installation time.

XY7x


HBM has broadened its proven range of Y series straingages by adding new geometries. For many applications in the field of experimental stressanalysis, the new strain gage types offer ease of use and time savings.

Materials testing: Ease of installationusing the LY7x linear strain gageThe LY7x linear strain gage has been designed foruse in the field of materials testing in particular.Especially with the often limited space available with materials testing machines, installing the strain gages has become much easier because of the wiring on the side.

Determining strain gradients: No solder tabs have to be installedStrain gage chains are used for determing a straingradient. The new strain gage chains KY8x (10 mea-suring grids + 1 compensating strain gage, in parallelto the chain axis) and KY9x (10 measuring grids + 1compensating strain gage, vertical to the chain axis)are provided with integrated solder tabs. Therefore itis no longer necessary to install additional soldertabs, which still is required with strain gage chainswith leads. With the integrated solder tabs of thenew KY8x and KY9x strain gage chains you saveinstallation time.

KY8xKY9x

LY7x

Save installation time......using the new strain gage types from HBM


Strain gages in the manufacture of transducers

SG installed on a customized torque transducer


Strain gages in railway engineering

Experimental stress analysis on a railway car

Railway engineering, aerospace industry, Strain gages used in:


Strain gages in the aerospace industry

Experimental stress analysis on an aerospace component

Strain gages in themanufacture of transducers

SG bridge with integratedcompensating elements ona double bending beam

Strain gagesin the electricalindustry

For monitoring of the loads during thepunching of PCBs


manufacture of transducers, electrical industry


How to find the right strain gage (SG)

Strain gage resistanceHBM strain gages are offered in 120, 350, 700, and 1000 ohm versions. Theselection of the resistance depends on the constraints of the measurementtask. More resistances on request.

120-ohm strain gages:+ their insensitivity to variations in insulation resistance, such as may be cau-sed by the effects of humidity.

High-ohm strain gages:+ less specific heat because of their lower measurement current+ less sensitive to ohmic resistances in the connection lines to the measure-ment amplifier- “better” antennae for noise pulses.

Temperature rangeThe temperatures given in the Specifications should not be exceeded, neither should the actual temperature fall below the values stated. (see“Explanations on specifications“.)

Geometry of the SG (depending on the measurement task to be solved)

Linear strain gages (e.g. LY11), one measuring gridTypical application:- strain measurement in one direction

Double strain gages with two measuring grids (e.g. DY11), arranged in parallelTypical application:- measurement on bending beamsFor more detailed information see 1) and 2)

T rosettes with two measuring grids (e.g. XY11), offset by 90°relative to each otherTypical applications:- analysis of the biaxial stress state with known principal directions- measurements on tension/compression barsFor more detailed information see 1) and 2)

Rosettes with three measuring grids (e.g. RY81),0°/45°/90° or 0°/60°/120° arrangementTypical application:- analysis of the biaxial stress state with unknown principal stress directionsThe three measuring grids are connected each in a so-called quarter bridge circuit. The absolute value and the direction of the first and second principal stress are computed as described on page 18. For more detailed information see 2)

V-shaped strain gages (e.g. XY21), 2 measuring grids, arranged at ±45°relative to the SG axis

Typical applications:- measurements on torsion bars- determination of shear stresses occurring in shear beams around the neutral fiber For more detailed information see 1) and 2)

Full bridge strain gages (e.g. VY41), 4 measuring grids, offset by 90°relative to each otherTypical applications:- measurements on tension/compression bars- measurements on torsion bars - determination of shear stresses occurring in shear beams around the neutral fiberFor more detailed information see 1) and 2)

Diaphragm rosettes (e.g. MY11), 4 measuring gridsTypical applications:- manufacture of diaphragm pressure transducers

Strain gage chains (e.g. KY11), 10 or 15 very small measuring grids, arranged equidistantly on one common carrier, plus one compensating strain gageTypical application:- determination of strain gradientsHBM also supplies strain gage chains complete with several rosettes and alternating measuring grid directions so that it is even possible to determine the gradient of a biaxial stress state.For more detailed information see 2)

1) “Using the Wheatstone Bridge Circuit” (free brochure)2) “An Introduction to Measurements Using Strain Gages” (book)


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The strain gage measuring grid length is dependent on the aim of measure-ment because the result of a measurement using strain gages will be the meanvalue of the strains underneath the measuring grid. In general, measuring gridlengths of 3 or 6 mm (0.118 or 0.236 inch) represent a good solution.

Long measuring grids are recommended where there is an inhomogeneousmaterial such as e.g. concrete or wood. A long strain gage will bridge the inho-mogeneities of the workpiece and, as a measurement result, will supply themean strain underneath the measuring grid.

Short measuring grids are suitable for detecting a local strain state. Therefore, they are to be recommended for deter-mining strain gradients (see strain gage chains), as well as for detecting the maximum point of notch stresses and similar stresses.

Strain gage seriesThe HBM standard product range comprises 5 different type series for the follo-wing typical applications:

Y strain gages: universal strain gage for stress analysis and “simple” transdu-cers; easy to handle, robust, flexible, many geometries and nominal (rated)resistances available.Measuring grid: constantan; measuring grid carrier: polyimide

C strain gages: for measurements at extreme temperatures; operating tempe-rature range from -269... up to +250°C (-452°F... up to +482°F); temperatureresponse with matching in the range of -200... +250°C (-328°F... +482°F).Measuring grid: Cr-Ni alloy; measuring grid carrier: polyimide

G strain gages: for the manufacture of transducers, nominal (rated) resistancesof 120 Ω and 350 Ω available. Measuring grid: constantan; measuring gridcarrier: phenolic resin, glass fiber reinforced.

K strain gages: for the manufacture of transducers, different creep adjust-ments available, also as a „stick on“ version complete with touch-dry adhesivecoating for optimum measurement results. Measuring grid: constantan; measu-ring grid carrier: phenolic resin, glass fiber reinforced.

V strain gages: encapsulated strain gages for experimental stress analysis. Measuring grid: constantan; measuring grid carrier: polyimide with a pottingmade of special plastic material and 3 m (118 inch) stranded wire.

Stra

in Maximumstrain

Output signal

Active measu-ring grid length

Length



select measuring gridlength to be 5 times aslarge as the inhomo-geneity of the test object(e.g. gravel in concrete)

manufacture oftransducers?

principal stress direction known?

lacking space?

temperatures outside-70... +200°C (-94°F... +392°F) (absolute)

-200... +200°C (-328°F... +392°F) (relative)

?

measure strain gradient?

aim of measurement: local strain state?

according to the measurement task: linear SG SG with two measu-

ring grids connectedas a half bridge

full bridge SG SG rosette with 3measuring grids

SG rosette with 2measuring grids

actual SG sizedetermined by testobjects

SG chains

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yesyes

yes

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

C series Y series G series K series

short measuringgrids

3 (0.118) or 6 (0.236)mm (inch) grid lengthrecommended

biaxial stress state?

homogeneous field of strain?

high-quality transducers, creep adjustment

required?

V series

limited temperature range of -30°C... +105°C(-22°F... +221°F)


Strain gage seriesHBM’s range of strain gages comprises the Y, C, G, K, V series as well as special strain gages. Each series of strain gages features different type series. Many specific-tions are identical for one strain gage series; therefore, in this catalog, the specifica-tions of a series are given on the pages preceding the list of individual strain gages. Where the specifications of individual strain gages differ from those stated for theother strain gages of a series, these strain gages are provided with a relevant note. The specifications and their tolerances are stated in compliance with OIML directiveIR62.

The specificationshave been determined according to OIML directive IR62. The tolerances are stated per OIML with double standard deviation. If the specified tolerance values of the gage factor, transverse sensitivity, temperature coefficient, and temperature response arehalved, the data complies with VDI/VDE directive 2635. Below you will find furtherexplanations regarding the terms used in the Specifications tables.

Connection configurationsHBM supplies strain gages with different connection configurations. Choose the configuration that best fits your application and personal preferences - the right connection for everyone.

Integrated solder tabs, e.g. LY41 allow direct soldering on the strain gage

Big solder tabs with strain relief, e.g. LY61 allow comfortable soldering directly on the strain gage, at the same time providing

nearly full mechanical decoupling of solder tabs and strain gages

Leads: Ni-plated copper leads; uninsulated; 30 mm / 1.18 inch long, e.g. LY11 no direct soldering on the strain gage for full mechanical decoupling of cables and strain gage use of separate solder terminals directly on the strain gage required

Teflon-insulated connection wires (40 mm / 1.57 inch long), e.g. K-LY41 no soldering on the strain gage Teflon insulation prevents the cable from sticking during installation solder terminals near the strain gage are required which are also used for the

bridge connection

PVC-insulated ribbon cable, alternatively with 2-, 3- or 4-wire circuit, e.g. K-LY41 cable length as required (0.5 up to 10 m / 19.7 inch up to 32.8 feet) no soldering on the measuring point required at all Teflon wire on the strain gage prevents the cable from sticking during installation

Explanations on Explanations on specifications:



Strain gage dimensionsThe specified active measuring grid length „a“ is the net length of the grid without theend loops (transverse bridges). If the following facts are taken into account, it is possi-ble to cut the carrier foil: Cutting the foil in parallel to the measuring grid has onlyminor effects. Shortening the carrier foil perpendicular to the direction of the measu-ring grid will influence the way the strain is introduced, thereby also changing essenti-al characteristics of the strain gage. Therefore we recommend leaving a minimum dis-tance of 1mm between the measuring grid end and the end of the carrier foil.

Strain gage resistanceThe electric resistance between the two metal leads, solder tabs or cable ends for con-necting the measuring cable is called the resistance of a strain gage. (1) Please notethat the nominal resistance for strain gages with connection cables* is specifiedwithout the cable.

The HBM product range comprises strain gages with nominal resistances of 120 Ω, 350 Ω, 700 Ω, and 1000 Ω. The nominal resistance is stated on each strain gage package including the resistance tolerance per package. The resistance of each singlestrain gage from HBM has been checked.

Gage factor (strain sensitivity)The strain sensitivity k of a strain gage is the proportionality factor between the relative change in resistance ∆ R/R0 and the strain to be measured: ∆ R/R0 = k · εThe strain sensitivity yields a dimensionless number and is designated as gage factor. This gage factor is determined for each production batch by measuring and isspecified on each strain gage package as a nominal value complete with tolerance. The gage factors vary between the production batches by just a few thousandths.

Temperature coefficient of the gage factorThe specified gage factor applies at room temperature. This factor changes as the tem-perature changes; however, with an excellent approximation, this correlation is linear.In the case of constantan measuring grids (V, G, K, Y series) the gage factor is propor-tional to temperature; in the case of chromium/nickel measuring grids (C series)the gage factor is inversely proportional to temperature. The temperature coefficientof the gage factor and its tolerance are stated on each strain gage package.

(1) Strain gages of the V series, LE11* see page 42 and following pages

specifications:

a active measuring grid length Schematic diagram of a strain gage



Explanations on specifications:Explanations on specifications:

Maximum permissible effective bridge excitation voltageA strain gage can be considered as a little heater, converting electrical energy intoheat. To prevent heating of the strain gage it is essential to choose a supply voltagethat is not excessively high. The maximum permissible bridge excitation voltage hasbeen computed for each strain gage and is specified in a table in this catalog.

The specified excitation voltage always applies for the Wheatstone bridge as a whole.Only half the voltage may be applied to the individual strain gage. The maximumvalues specified are permissible only for application on materials featuring excellentheat conduction characteristics (e.g. steel of sufficient thickness). Strain gage measure-ments on plastic materials, and similar materials with poor heat conduction characte-ristics, require a reduction of the excitation voltage or switch-on period (impulse ope-ration). Also with very low temperatures, the decreasing heat capacity of the materialsmay require a smaller excitation voltage.

Reference temperatureThe reference temperature is the ambient temperature to which the specifications ofthe strain gage refer, unless no specific temperature ranges have been stated.The specifications for the strain gages are based on the reference temperature of 23°C (73.4°F).

Transverse sensitivityThe transverse sensitivity is the ratio of the sensitivity of a strain gage transverse tothe measuring grid direction to its sensitivity in the measuring grid direction. Thetransverse sensitivity is stated on each strain gage package.

Schematic diagram of the transverse sensitivity of ameasuring grid




Operating temperature rangeThe operating temperature range is the ambient temperature range where strain gagescan be used without any permanent changes in their measuring characteristics occur-ring. Depending on whether absolute (with zero point reference) or relative (without zeropoint reference) measurements are to be carried out, there are different operating tem-perature ranges.

Temperature response in a 1/4-bridge circuitStrain gages that are connected individually show an output signal, if the temperaturechanges. This signal is called “apparent strain” or “thermal output” and is independent of the mechanical load on the test object.

However, it is possible to adjust a strain gage to the thermal expansion coefficient of aspecific material such that the output signal in case of a temperature change is verysmall. These strain gages are called strain gages “with matched temperature response” or “self-compensated” strain gages. All HBM strain gages, with the exception of the LD20 high-strain gage, are self-compensated.

To benefit from their matching to the temperature response, strain gages must be selected according to the thermal expansion coefficient α of the test object. Therefore,HBM offers strain gages for different materials. The code number for the temperature response matching is included in the type name of the strain gage.

Thus, for example, the types LY 21 or RY 31 (code number 1) have been matched to ferri-tic steel with α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F). The material to which the respective straingage has been adjusted is specified on the package. The remaining temperature variationis printed on the package in the form of a diagram and a polynomial.The effects of strain gages using connection leads are also taken into account thus enab-ling the apparent strain to be compensated by wiring or mathematically.

1 for ferritic steel with α =10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)3 for aluminum with α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)5 for austenitic steel with α = 16 · 10-6/K (8.9 · 10-6/°F)6 for quartz with α = 0.5 · 10-6/K (0.3 · 10-6/°F)7 for titanium/gray cast iron with α = 9 · 10-6/K (5.0 · 10-6/°F)8 for plastic material with α = 65 · 10-6/K (36.1 · 10-6/°F)9 for molybdenum with α = 5.4 · 10-6/K (3.0 · 10-6/°F)


The temperature response involves a tolerance and only applies in the temperaturerange of the temperature response matching. This temperature range is specified in the Specifications of the individual series in this catalog.Another possibility of compensating the apparent strain is to use appropriate wiring(e.g. circuit with compensating strain gage, half bridge circuit, etc.).

Creep adjustmentSpring element materials react with a spontaneous positive or negative strain whensubjected to a sudden load. In the event of a constant load being applied, the materialwill continue to strain slowly in load direction, i.e. the material will creep.As transducers are loaded within the strictly elastic range only, the process describedhere is reversible. It is called elastic after-effect. The elastic after-effect causes a time-dependent fault with a positive sign (in the direction of the deformation by the measu-ring quantity).

If a strain gage is subjected to a static load, it will show a slow change in resistanceover time - in spite of the component strain being constant. This change in the measu-ring signal of an extended (or shortened) strain gage occurs in the direction of strainrelief. This creep can be explained as follows: the extended measuring grid acts similarto a tensioned spring which generates shear stresses between measuring grid and car-rier (mainly in the area of the measuring grid end loops).Due to the influence of these stresses, the plastic materials of the strain gage and theadhesive relax. It is possible to influence such strain gage creep directly by modifyingthe end loops.

De facto therefore, the elastic after-effect of the spring element material will lead to apositive fault while the strain gage creep generates a negative fault. In an ideal case,both faults will compensate each other. In order to approximate this ideal case as clo-sely as possible, it is necessary to determine the most suitable strain gage by experi-ment. It is for this reason, that the K strain gage series provides three different creepadjustments for each strain gage type.

Mechanical hysteresisThe mechanical hysteresis of a strain gage is defined as the difference of the measuredvalue displayed for increasing and decreasing strain loadings with the same strainvalue on the specimen. Hysteresis is not only dependent on the strain gage but to amajor extent it is also dependent on application parameters such as type and layerthickness of the adhesive etc. For this reason, the specifications include hysteresisvalues for different installation parameters.

Maximum elongationThe maximum elongation is typically 5% or 50,000 microstrain. Above this value themeasured strain can not be relied upon. This is often the case if the installation or thestrain gage has been damaged.


Explanations on specifications:Explanations on specifications:


Minimum radius of curvatureThe flexibility of a strain gage is characterized by the minimum radius of curvaturewhich it will withstand, without any auxiliary measures, in each direction respectively.The polyimide carriers of series Y and C strain gages are flexible to an extent that theycan be bonded around edges. Although the carrier materials of the other strain gage series are more brittle, they can also be easily prepared for application to smaller radiiby thermal pre-forming. Exception: V series strain gages have a bigger radius of curva-ture because of their specific potting.

Fatigue lifeIf a strain gage is subjected to an alternating strain which can be superimposed over a static mean strain, an increase in the number of load cycles may create changes with regard to the zero point. The fatigue life is dependent upon the number of straincycles and their amplitude and is independent of applied strain duration.

Alternative bonding materialsFor each strain gage series, the relevant bonding materials are specified. With regard to bonding technique, the HBM range of accessories distinguishes among cold and hotcuring adhesives as well as spot welding methods. One of the most important selectioncriteria is the application temperature range of the individual bonding materials.

remaining zero point error

in µm/m (microstrain)

1030100300failure

number of load cycles nExample diagram of the fatiguelife of strain gages


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stra

in ε

win

mm

/m

(inch

/100

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Analysis of the biaxial stress state with unknown principal directionsThe principle of experimental stress analysis using strain gages consists in using straingages to measure strains on the component surface. From these measured strains andthe known material properties such as modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio, theabsolute value and the direction of these mechanical stresses are determined. Thesecalculations are based on Hooke’s Law which applies to the elastic deformation rangeof linear-elastic materials.

In experimental stress analysis, so-called 3-grid rosettes are used for strain measure-ment. These are available in 0°/45°/90° and 0°/60°/120° versions which have a historicalbackground. It is up to the user to choose which version to use.

The 3 measuring grids of the rosettes are designated with the letters a, b and c.Therefore, a 3-grid rosette measures the three strains εa, εb and εc.

The principal normal stresses σ1 and σ2 for the 0°/45°/90° rosette are calculated asfollows:

and for the 0°/60°/120° rosette:

From measured strain to

0°/45°/90° rosette,e.g. RY3x

0°/60°/120° rosette,e.g. RY7x



Below, the principal directions are determined. First the tangent of an auxiliary angle ψis calculated.For the 0°/45°/90° rosette according to the formula:

and for the 0°/60°/120° rosette according to the formula:

Note: The tangent of an angle in the right-angled triangle is the ratio of the oppositeside (numerator N) to the adjacent side (denominator D):

This ambiguity of the tangent makes it necessary to determine the signs of the nume-rator (N) and the denominator (D) before carrying out the final calculation of the twoabove mentioned quotients. Determining the signs is important because they aloneindicate the quadrant of the circular arc in which the angle ψ is located.From the numerical value of the tangent the size of the angle ψ should then be found:

Then the angle ϕ should be determined using the below scheme:

The angle ϕ, found in this manner, should be applied from the axis of the referencemeasuring grid a in the mathematically positive direction (counterclockwise). The axisof measuring grid a forms one side of the angle ϕ, the second side gives prinicipaldirection 1.This is the direction of the principal normal stress σ1 which is identical to the directionof the principal strain ε1. The point of the angle is located at the intersection of theaxes of the measuring grids. The principal direction 2 (direction of the principal normalstress σ2) has the angle ϕ +90°.

mechanical stress …


opposite side adjacent side

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND


Type designationType designation

1- L Y 1 1 - 3 / 120 A

Options1): A = application aid V = four wire connectionZ = two wire connection

Measuring grid resistance in ohms

Measuring grid length in mm- for RY1x, RY3x, RY4x, RY7x: diameter of circle which

encloses the measuring grids- for strain gage chains, distance of measuring grid centers relative to each other (pitch)

Material to which the strain gage’s 1 for ferritic steeltemperature response has been 3 for aluminummatched: 5 for austenitic steelIf there is the placeholder “x” in this 6 for quartzposition, please replace it by the code 7 for titanium/gray cast ironnumber of the temperature response 8 for plastic materialmatching of your choice. 9 for molybdenum

Layout of grids, type and position of the connections

SG series: C series = carrier and cover: polyimide / measuring grid foil:chromium/nickel alloy

Y series = carrier and cover: polyimide / measuring grid foil: constantanG series = carrier and cover: glass-fiber reinforced phenolic resin /

measuring grid foil: constantanK series = carrier and cover: glass-fiber reinforced phenolic resin /

measuring grid foil: constantan; additionally, differentcreep adjustments are available ex stock

V series = carrier: polyimide/measuring grid foil: constantan,moulded with special plastic material, 3 m (118 inch) stranded wire

Number of measuring grids and their relative position to each otherL = one measuring grid, linear strain gageD = two measuring grids, measuring grid direction: parallelX = two measuring grids, measuring grid direction, T-or X-shaped, offset by 90°R = three measuring grids, rosettesV = 4 measuring grids, full bridge strain gagesM = full bridge strain gages as diaphragm rosetteK = strain gage chains for determining strain gradients

Standard or configurable1 = standardK = with freely configurable connection cables


1) available for selected strain gages only

with α =10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)with α =23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)with α =16 · 10-6/K (8.9 · 10-6/°F)with α =0.5 · 10-6/K (0.3 · 10-6/°F)with α =9 · 10-6/K (5.0 · 10-6/°F)with α =65 · 10-6/K (36.1 · 10-6/°F)with α =5.4 · 10-6/K (3.0 · 10-6/°F)


What does the „x“ in the type designation of the strain gages in the „Variants“ column stand for?

An even greater range of types - Easy to orderThis catalog offers a wide choice of strain gages. In addition to our wide range of pre-ferential strain gages (available ex stock), we provide you with a comprehensive choiceof variants.

This is how easily you can order our strain gagesIn our price list, strain gage types that can be supplied ex stock are printed on a shadedbackground. Strain gage variants are not printed on a shaded background; and they arenot always available ex stock.We will be pleased to provide information on current availability if requested. The mini-mum order quantity for these strain gages is 3 packages.

Instead of the „x“ in the strain gage type designation in the „Others“ column,please enter the code number for theappropriate temperature response matching.

Example:You wish matching of the type 1-LY1x-10/120 to plastic material. Then enter an „8“ instead of the placeholder „x“when ordering; the exact order designa-tion will then be 1-LY18-10/120.

The preferential strain gages are adjustedfor steel or aluminum.

Please note the exceptions in the case oftypes marked by # .

To ease your order procedure please usealso our CD-ROM „DMSdirekt/SGdirect“.Order your CD-ROM free of charge rightnow. Visit www.hbm.com for moredetails.


(1) Strain gages that can be supplied ex stock are printed on a shaded background.

°F)°F)°F)°F)°F)°F)°F)

Stock types Variants No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderminal effective terminalsresis- bridgetance excitation

voltageMeasuring Measuring grid

grid carrierSteel Aluminum Others Ω a b c d V

1-LY11-0.6/120 1-LY13-0.6/120 1-LY1x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1 5 3.2 1.5 LS70.024 0.039 0.197 0.126

1-LY11-1.5/120 1-LY13-1.5/120 1-LY1x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 6.5 4.7 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.256 0.185

1-LY11-3/120 1-LY13-3/120 1-LY1x-3/120 120 3 1.4 8.5 4.5 4 LS70.118 0.055 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-3/120A 1-LY1x-3/120A 120 3 1.4 8.5 4.5 4 LS70.118 0.055 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-6/120 1-LY13-6/120 1-LY1x-6/120 120 6 2.8 13 6 8 LS50.236 0.110 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-6/120A 1-LY1x-6/120A 120 6 2.8 13 6 8 LS50.236 0.110 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-10/120 1-LY13-10/120 1-LY1x-10/120 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-10/120A 1-LY1x-10/120A 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-1.5/350 1-LY13-1.5/350 1-LY1x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 1.2 5.7 4.7 5 LS70.059 0.047 0.224 0.185

1-LY11-3/350 1-LY13-3/350 1-LY1x-3/350 350 3 1.5 8.5 4.5 7 LS70.118 0.059 0.335 0.177

1-LY1x-3/350A 350 3 1.5 8.5 4.5 7 LS70.118 0.059 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-6/350 1-LY13-6/350 1-LY1x-6/350 350 6 2.9 13 6 14 LS50.236 0.114 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-6/350A 1-LY1x-6/350A 350 6 2.9 13 6 14 LS50.236 0.114 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-10/350 1-LY1x-10/350 350 10 5 18.5 9.5 23 LS50.394 0.197 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-10/350A 1-LY1x-10/350A 350 10 5 18.5 9.5 23 LS50.394 0.197 0.728 0.374


Y series strain gages

Universal strain gage

Excellent measuring characteristics

Different connection configurations

Flexible, therefore easy to handle

Wide range of geometries available ex stock

Wide range of geometries available with different nominal resistance values (120, 350, 700, 1000 Ω)

Y series strain gagesY series strain gages


Pipe specimen made of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic in a torsion fracture test


>>


Specifications

strain gage construction foil SG complete with embedded measuring gridmeasuring grid

material Constantan foil thickness µm (microinch) 3.8 or 5 (150 or 197), depending on strain gage type

carriermaterial polyimide thickness µm (microinch) 45 ± 10 (1.772 ± 394)

covermaterial polyimide thickness µm (microinch) 25 ± 5 (984 ± 197)

connections nickel plated Cu leads, approx. 30 mm (1.18 inch) in length.for strain gages without leads integrated solder tabs, approx. 1.5 mm (0.059 inch) in length,

approx. 1.6 ... 2.2mm (0.063... 0.087 inch) wide

nominal resistance2) Ω 120, 350, 700, or 1000, depending on SG typeresistance tolerance % ± 0.3 without; ± 0.35 with leadsgage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagegage factor tolerance for 0.6mm (0.024 inch) and 1.5mm (0.059 inch) measuring grid length % ± 1.5

for 3 mm (0.118 inch) measuring grid length % ± 1temperature coefficient of the gage factor 1/K (1/°F) approx. (115 ± 10) · 10-6 (64 ± 5.5) · 10-6

nominal value of the temperature coefficient of the gage factor specified on each package

reference temperature ºC (ºF) 23 (73.4)operating temperature range

for absolute, i.e. zero point related measurements ºC (ºF) -70… +200 (-94... +392)for relative, i.e. not zero point related measurements ºC (ºF) -200… +200 (-328... +392)

transverse sensitivity specified on each packagewithin reference temperature range using adhesive Z 70 % - 0.1on strain gage type LY 11-6/120

temperature response specified on each packagetemperature response at customer’s choice matched to the thermal expansion coefficientα for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10-6 (6.0 · 10-6)α for aluminum 1/K (1/ºF) 23 · 10-6 (12.8 · 10-6)α for plastic material 1/K (1/ºF) 65 · 10-6 (36.1 · 10-6)α for austenitic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 16 · 10-6 (8.9 · 10-6)α for titanium/ gray steel 1/K (1/ºF) 9 · 10-6 (5.0 · 10-6)α for molybdenum 1/K (1/ºF) 5.4 · 10-6 (3.0 · 10-6)α for quartz 1/K (1/ºF) 0.5 · 10-6 (0.3 · 10-6)tolerance of the temperature response 1/K (1/ºF) ±0.3 · 10-6 (±0.17 · 10-6)temperature response with matching in the range of3) ºC (ºF) -10... +120 (14... 248)

mechanical hysteresis1)

at reference temperature and strain ε = ± 1,000 µm/m (microstrain)on strain gage type LY 11-6/120

at 1st load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 1at 3rd load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 0.5at 1st load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m (microstrain) 2.5at 3rd load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m (microstrain) 1at 1st load cycle and adhesive EP 250 µm/m (microstrain) 1at 3rd load cycle and adhesive EP 250 µm/m (microstrain) 1

maximum elongation1)

at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70 on strain gage type LY 11-6/120

absolute strain value ε for positive direction µm/m (microstrain) 50,000 ( 5 %)absolute strain value ε for negative direction µm/m (microstrain) 50,000 ( 5 %)

fatigue life1)

at reference temperature using adhesive X 60on strain gage type LY 11-6/120

number of load cycles Lw atalternating strain εw = ± 1,000 µm/m and zero point drift εm ∆ 300 µm/m (microstrain) >> 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

εm ∆ 30 µm/m (microstrain) > 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperaturefor strain gages with leads mm (inch) 0.3 (0.012)for strain gages with integrated solder tabs

within the measuring grid area mm (inch) 0.3 (0.012)within the area of the solder tabs mm (inch) 2 (0.079)

bonding material that can be usedcold curing adhesives Z 70; X 60; X 280hot curing adhesives EP 250; EP 310S

1) The data depend on the various parameters of the specific application and are therefore stated for representative examples only.2) With measuring grid lengths of 0.6 mm (0.024 inch), the nominal resistance may deviate by ± 1%. For the types LY 51/ LY5x the deviation is ± 0.75%. For XY9x, RY9x and the KY types (per chain) it is ± 0.5%.3) Matching to plastic (code numer 8) is only possible in the temperature range of -10°C…+50°C (14°F...+122°F).


0.6(0.024)

1.5(0.059)

3(0.118)

6(0.236)

LY21Linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LY2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Grid length in mm/inch)

Contents per package: 10 pcs.

0.6 1.5 3 6 10(0.024) (0.059) (0.118) (0.236) (0.394)

SG / Y series with 1 measuring grid / linear strain gages



LY13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)




Types marked # are only available with matching to aluminum, ferritic or austenitic steel




1-LY21-0.6/120 1-LY2x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 0.6 3.5 6.4 1 LS70.024 0.024 0.138 0.252

1-LY21-1.5/120 1-LY2x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.4 4.7 8.3 2 LS50.059 0.055 0.185 0.327

1-LY21-3/120 1-LY2x-3/120 120 3 2.8 7.5 10 6 LS50.118 0.110 0.295 0.394

1-LY2x-6/120 120 6 5.7 11 16 12 LS40.236 0.224 0.433 0.630




1-LY11-0.6/120 1-LY13-0.6/120 1-LY1x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1 5 3.2 1.5 LS70.024 0.039 0.197 0.126

1-LY11-1.5/120 1-LY13-1.5/120 1-LY1x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 6.5 4.7 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.256 0.185

1-LY11-3/120 1-LY13-3/120 1-LY1x-3/120 120 3 1.4 8.5 4.5 4 LS70.118 0.055 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-3/120A 1-LY1x-3/120A 120 3 1.4 8.5 4.5 4 LS70.118 0.055 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-6/120 1-LY13-6/120 1-LY1x-6/120 120 6 2.8 13 6 8 LS50.236 0.110 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-6/120A 1-LY1x-6/120A 120 6 2.8 13 6 8 LS50.236 0.110 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-10/120 1-LY13-10/120 1-LY1x-10/120 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-10/120A 1-LY1x-10/120A 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-1.5/350 1-LY13-1.5/350 1-LY1x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 1.2 5.7 4.7 5 LS70.059 0.047 0.224 0.185

1-LY11-3/350 1-LY13-3/350 1-LY1x-3/350 350 3 1.5 8.5 4.5 7 LS70.118 0.059 0.335 0.177

1-LY1x-3/350A 350 3 1.5 8.5 4.5 7 LS70.118 0.059 0.335 0.177

1-LY11-6/350 1-LY13-6/350 1-LY1x-6/350 350 6 2.3 13 6 14 LS50.236 0.091 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-6/350A 1-LY1x-6/350A 350 6 2.3 13 6 14 LS50.236 0.091 0.512 0.236

1-LY11-10/350 1-LY1x-10/350 350 10 5 18.5 9.5 23 LS50.394 0.197 0.728 0.374

1-LY11-10/350A 1-LY1x-10/350A 350 10 5 18.5 9.5 23 LS50.394 0.197 0.728 0.374




0.6 1.5 3 6(0.024) (0.059) (0.118) (0.236)

10 20 50 100 150(0.394) (0.787) (2.968) (3.937) (5.905)

Stock types Variants No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderminal effective terminalsresis- bridge (1)tance excitation



1-LY41-0.6/120 1-LY4x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1.2 6 4 1.5 LS50.024 0.047 0.236 0.157

1-LY41-1.5/120 1-LY4x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 7 5 2.5 LS50.059 0.047 0.276 0.197

1-LY41-3/120 1-LY43-3/120 1-LY4x-3/120 120 3 1.1 8 5 4 LS50.118 0.043 0.315 0.197

1-LY4x-3/120A 120 3 1.1 8 5 4 LS50.118 0.043 0.315 0.197

1-LY41-6/120 1-LY43-6/120 1-LY4x-6/120 120 6 2.3 13.9 5.9 8 LS50.236 0.091 0.547 0.232

1-LY41-6/120A 1-LY4x-6/120A 120 6 2.3 13.9 5.9 8 LS50.236 0.091 0.547 0.232

1-LY41-10/120 1-LY4x-10/120 120 10 5 18 8 14 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

1-LY4x-10/120A 120 10 5 18 8 14 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

1-LY41-20/120 1-LY4x-20/120 120 20 0.7 31.8 8.2 7 LS50.787 0.028 1.252 0.323

1-LY41-50/120 1-LY4x-50/120 120 50 0.9 63.6 8.2 12 LS51.969 0.035 2.504 0.323

1-LY41-100/120 1-LY4x-100/120 120 100 1 114.8 8.2 19 LS53.937 0.039 4.520 0.323

1-LY41-150/120 1-LY4x-150/120 120 150 1.3 165.6 8.2 25 LS55.906 0.051 6.520 0.323

1-LY41-1.5/350 1-LY4x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 2.3 9.2 5.9 7 LS50.059 0.091 0.362 0.232

1-LY41-3/350 1-LY43-3/350 1-LY4x-3/350 350 3 2.5 10.9 5.9 9 LS50.118 0.098 0.429 0.232

1-LY41-3/350A 1-LY4x-3/350A 350 3 2.5 10.9 5.9 9 LS50.118 0.098 0.429 0.232

1-LY41-6/350 1-LY43-6/350 1-LY4x-6/350 350 6 2.7 13.9 5.9 15 LS50.236 0.106 0.547 0.232

1-LY41-6/350A 1-LY4x-6/350A 350 6 2.7 13.9 5.9 15 LS50.236 0.106 0.547 0.232

1-LY41-10/350 1-LY4x-10/350 350 10 5 18 8 24 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

1-LY4x-10/350A 350 10 5 18 8 24 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

1-LY41-3/700 1-LY43-3/700 1-LY4x-3/700 700 3 2.7 10.9 5.9 13 LS50.118 0.106 0.429 0.232

1-LY41-6/700 1-LY4x-6/700 700 6 4.1 13.9 5.9 23 LS50.236 0.161 0.547 0.232

1-LY41-10/700 1-LY4x-10/700 700 10 5 18 8 33 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

1-LY4x-3/1000# 1000 3 2.7 10.9 5.9 16 LS50.118 0.106 0.429 0.232

1-LY41-6/1000 1-LY4x-6/1000# 1000 6 4.3 13.9 5.9 27 LS50.236 0.169 0.547 0.232

1-LY4x-10/1000# 1000 10 5 18 8 40 LS50.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

LY41Linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steel with α = 10.8 · 10-6/K(6.0 · 10-6/°F)





(1) Solder terminals are not compulsoryTypes marked # are only available with matching to aluminum, ferritic or austenitic steel


3 6(0.118) (0.236)


LY5xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice, see page 20



1.5 3 6 10(0.059) (0.118) (0.236) (0.394)











1-LY51-3/120 1-LY5x-3/120 120 3 0.3 9 4.7 2 LS70.118 0.012 0.354 0.185

1-LY5x-6/120 120 6 0.4 13 4.7 3 LS70.236 0.016 0.512 0.185




1-LY61-1.5/120 1-LY6x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1 7.8 4.7 3 -0.059 0.039 0.307 0.185

1-LY61-3/120 1-LY6x-3/120 120 3 1.4 9.8 4.7 4 -0.118 0.055 0.386 0.185

1-LY6x-3/120A 120 3 1.4 9.8 4.7 4 -0.118 0.055 0.386 0.185

1-LY61-6/120 1-LY63-6/120 1-LY6x-6/120 120 6 2.5 16 6.3 8 -0.236 0.098 0.630 0.248

1-LY6x-6/120A 120 6 2.5 16 6.3 8 -0.236 0.098 0.630 0.248

1-LY61-10/120 1-LY6x-10/120 120 10 4.3 23.5 9.3 13 -0.394 0.169 0.925 0.366

1-LY61-3/350 1-LY6x-3/350 350 3 1.7 9.8 4.7 7 -0.118 0.067 0.386 0.185

1-LY6x-3/350A 350 3 1.7 9.8 4.7 7 -0.118 0.067 0.386 0.185

1-LY61-6/350 1-LY63-6/350 1-LY6x-6/350 350 6 2.6 16 6.3 13 -0.236 0.102 0.630 0.248

1-LY61-6/350A 1-LY6x-6/350A 350 6 2.6 16 6.3 13 -0.236 0.102 0.630 0.248

1-LY61-10/350 1-LY6x-10/350 350 10 4.3 23.5 9.3 22 -0.394 0.169 0.925 0.366




1-LY71-0.6/120 1-LY7x-0.6/120 120 0.6 1 2.3 5.6 1 LS70.024 0.039 0.091 0.220

1-LY71-1.5/120 1-LY7x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.3 3.4 7.5 2.5 LS50.059 0.051 0.134 0.295

1-LY71-3/120 1-LY7x-3/120 120 3 2.5 5.5 10.5 5 LS40.118 0.098 0.217 0.413

1-LY7x-6/120 120 6 5.3 9 15.5 10 LS40.236 0.209 0.354 0.610

1-LY71-1.5/350 1-LY73-1.5/350 1-LY7x-1.5/350 350 1.5 1.5 3.4 7.5 5 LS50.059 0.059 0.134 0.295

1-LY7x-3/350 350 3 2.4 5.5 10.5 8.5 LS40.118 0.094 0.217 0.413

1-LY7x-6/350 350 6 5.1 9 15.5 18 LS40.236 0.201 0.354 0.610

6(0.236)

3(0.118)

0.6(0.024)






1.5(0.059)(1) Solder terminals are not compulsory



DY41Double strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

DY43Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

DY4xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20


Contents per package: 5 pcs

SG / Y series with 2 measuring grids / double strain gages

DY11Double strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

DY13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

DY1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




3 6(0.118) (0.236)

3 6(0.118) (0.236)

a

b

c

d




1-DY11-3/350 1-DY13-3/350 1-DY1x-3/350 350 3 2.7 9 8 9 LS70.118 0.106 0.354 0.315

1-DY11-6/350 1-DY13-6/350 1-DY1x-6/350 350 6 3.2 12.5 9.4 14 LS70.236 0.126 0.492 0.370




1-DY41-3/350 1-DY43-3/350 1-DY4x-3/350 350 3 2.5 8.2 8 8.5 LS70.118 0.098 0.323 0.315

1-DY41-6/350 1-DY4x-6/350 350 6 2.8 10.7 9 13 LS70.236 0.110 0.421 0.354

(1) Solder terminals are not compulsory


0.6(0.024)

1.5 3 6(0.059) (0.118) (0.236)

SG / Y series with 2 measuring grids / T rosette

XY110°/90° T rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XY13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

XY1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20












1-XY11-0.6/120 1-XY1x-0.6/120# 120 1.5 1 6 4 2 LS70.059 0.039 0.236 0.157

1-XY11-1.5/120 1-XY13-1.5/120 1-XY1x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.5 9 5 3 LS50.059 0.059 0.354 0.197

1-XY11-3/120 1-XY13-3/120 1-XY1x-3/120 120 3 3 14.5 7.5 6 LS40.118 0.118 0.571 0.295

1-XY11-6/120 1-XY1x-6/120 120 6 6 23.5 11 12 LS50.236 0.236 0.925 0.433

1-XY11-1.5/350 1-XY13-1.5/350 1-XY1x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 1.5 9 5 5 LS50.059 0.059 0.354 0.197

1-XY11-3/350 1-XY13-3/350 1-XY1x-3/350 350 3 3 14.4 7.3 10 LS40.118 0.118 0.567 0.287

1-XY11-6/350 1-XY13-6/350 1-XY1x-6/350 350 6 6 23.3 10.5 20 LS40.236 0.236 0.917 0.413

1.5 3 6(0.059) (0.118) (0.236)

0.6(0.024)




1-XY31-0.6/120 1-XY3x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1 7 6 1.5 LS70.024 0.039 0.276 0.236

1-XY31-1.5/120 1-XY33-1.5/120 1-XY3x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.4 8 6.3 2.5 LS70.059 0.055 0.315 0.248

1-XY31-3/120 1-XY3x-6/120 120 3 2.8 10.5 8 5.5 LS70.118 0.110 0.413 0.315

1-XY31-6/120 1-XY3x-3/120 120 6 5.5 17.5 12 10.5 LS40.236 0.217 0.689 0.472

1-XY31-1.5/350 1-XY33-1.5/350 1-XY3x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 1.5 7.7 6.3 5 LS70.059 0.059 0.303 0.248

1-XY31-3/350 1-XY33-3/350 1-XY3x-3/350 350 3 2.9 10.9 7.6 9.5 LS50.118 0.114 0.429 0.299

1-XY31-6/350 1-XY33-6/350 1-XY3x-6/350 350 6 5.9 18 12 19 LS40.236 0.232 0.709 0.472



SG / Y series with 2 measuring grids / T rosette

XY910°/90° stacked T rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)





3 6 10(0.118) (0.236) (0.394)

1.5(0.059)





1-XY7x-0.6/120 120 0.6 0.7 5.9 4.3 1 LS70.024 0.028 0.232 0.169

1-XY7x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 6.5 5 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.256 0.197

1-XY7x-3/120 120 3 2.7 11.5 7.3 5.5 LS70.118 0.106 0.453 0.287

1-XY7x-6/120 120 6 5 18.5 12.5 10 LS40.236 0.197 0.728 0.492

1-XY71-1.5/350 1-XY73-1.5/350 1-XY7x-1.5/350 350 1.5 1.4 6.5 5 4.5 LS70.059 0.055 0.256 0.197

1-XY71-3/350 1-XY73-3/350 1-XY7x-3/350 350 3 2.7 11.5 7.3 9 LS50.118 0.106 0.453 0.287

1-XY7x-6/350 350 6 5.4 18.5 12.5 18.5 LS40.236 0.213 0.728 0.492


voltageMeasuring Measuring

grid grid carrierSteel Aluminum Others Ω a b1 b2 c d V

1-XY91-1.5/120 1-XY93-1.5/120 1-XY9x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 1.2 4.7 5.2 2 LS50.059 0.047 0.047 0.185 0.205

1-XY91-3/120 1-XY93-3/120 1-XY9x-3/120 120 3 1.4 1.3 6.2 7.9 3.5 LS70.118 0.065 0.051 0.244 0.311

1-XY91-6/120 1-XY93-6/120 1-XY9x-6/120 120 6 1.9 2.2 10 9.6 5.5 LS40.236 0.075 0.087 0.394 0.378

1-XY91-10/120 1-XY9x-10/120 120 10 3.2 3.8 15.2 14 9 LS2120.394 0.126 0.150 0.598 0.551






0.6(0.024)

1.5(0.059)

3(0.118)

6(0.236)



XY21Shear/torsion half bridgeTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)





3 6(0.118) (0.236)

0.6(0.024)

SG / Y series with 2 measuring grids / torsion/shear strain gages / T rosette







a

bd

c

1.5 3(0.059) (0.118)





1-XY101-1.5/120 1-XY10x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.4 8 8.3 2.5 LS70.059 0.055 0.315 0.327

1-XY101-3/120 1-XY103-3/120 1-XY10x-3/120 120 3 2.8 10.6 9.8 5 LS50.118 0.110 0.417 0.386

1-XY10x-6/120 120 6 5.5 18 16.5 10.5 LS40.236 0.217 0.709 0.650

1-XY101-3/350 1-XY103-3/350 1-XY10x-3/350 350 3 2.9 10.6 9.8 9.5 LS50.118 0.114 0.417 0.386

1-XY10x-6/350 350 6 5.9 18 16.5 19 LS40.236 0.232 0.709 0.650

1.5(0.059)




1-XY21-0.6/120 1-XY2x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 2 1.1 7.5 4 2.5 LS70.024 0.079 0.043 0.295 0.157

1-XY21-1.5/120 1-XY2x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.7 2.5 6.8 4.5 4.5 LS70.059 0.067 0.098 0.268 0.177

1-XY21-3/120 1-XY2x-3/120 120 3 4.3 5.3 11.2 9.5 6 LS50.118 0.169 0.209 0.441 0.374

1-XY21-6/120 1-XY2x-6/120 120 6 8 10 17.5 12.7 11 LS40.236 0.315 0.394 0.689 0.500

1-XY21-1.5/350 1-XY2x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 2.1 2.5 7.4 4.5 5 LS70.059 0.083 0.098 0.291 0.177

1-XY21-3/350 1-XY23-3/350 1-XY2x-3/350 350 3 4 5.3 11.2 9.5 10 LS40.118 0.157 0.0209 0.441 0.374

1-XY21-6/350 1-XY23-6/350 1-XY2x-6/350 350 6 7.8 10 17.5 12.7 19 LS40.236 0.307 0.394 0.689 0.500

1-XY2x-3/700# 700 3 4 5.3 11.2 9.5 13 LS40.118 0.157 0.0209 0.441 0.374

1-XY2x-6/700 700 6 7.8 10 17.5 12.7 26 LS40.236 0.307 0.394 0.689 0.500


XY41Shear/torsion half bridgeTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)





SG / Y series with 2 measuring grids / torsion/shear strain gages



0.6(0.024)

1.5 3 6(0.059) (0.118) (0.236)




1-XY41-0.6/120 1-XY4x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 2.1 1.6 6.5 4.6 1.5 LS70.024 0.083 0.063 0.256 0.181

1-XY41-1.5/120 1-XY43-1.5/120 1-XY4x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.7 3.1 7.5 4.6 2.5 LS70.059 0.067 0.122 0.295 0.181

1-XY41-3/120 1-XY4x-3/120 120 3 3 5.4 11 8 5 LS70.118 0.118 0.213 0.433 0.315

1-XY41-6/120 1-XY4x-6/120 120 6 6 10.2 16 12.2 9.5 LS40.236 0.236 0.402 0.630 0.480

1-XY4x-1.5/350 350 1.5 1.5 1.95 3 7.5 4 LS70.059 0.059 0.077 0.118 0.295

1-XY41-3/350 1-XY43-3/350 1-XY4x-3/350 350 3 4.1 5.6 11 8 9.5 LS70.118 0.161 0.220 0.433 0.315

1-XY41-6/350 1-XY4x-6/350 350 6 6 10 16 12.2 16 LS40.236 0.236 0.394 0.630 0.480

1-XY41-3/700 1-XY4x-3/700# 700 3 4.1 5.6 11 8 13.5 LS70.118 0.161 0.220 0.433 0.315

1-XY4x-6/700 700 6 6 10 16 12.2 23 LS40.236 0.236 0.394 0.630 0.480


SG / Y series with 3 measuring grids / rosettes

RY110°/45°/90° rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

RY13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

RY1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Dimension a2 in mm/inch)







3 6(0.118) (0.236)

10(0.394)

a1

db

a2

3 6(0.118) (0.236)

10(0.394)

c

a1

d

a2





grid grid carrierSteel Aluminum Others Ω a1 a2 b c d V

1-RY11-3/120 1-RY13-3/120 1-RY1x-3/120# 120 0.8 3 0.8 7 7 1.5 LS70.031 0.118 0.031 0.276 0.276

1-RY11-6/120 1-RY13-6/120 1-RY1x-6/120 120 2 6 1.3 11 11 3 LS50.079 0.236 0.051 0.433 0.433

1-RY11-10/120 1-RY1x-10/120 120 2.9 10 2.6 15.4 15.4 5 LS40.114 0.394 0.102 0.606 0.606




1-RY31-3/120 1-RY3x-3/120# 120 0.8 3 0.8 7 2 LS70.031 0.118 0.031 0.276

1-RY31-6/120 1-RY33-6/120 1-RY3x-6/120 120 2 6 1.3 11 3 LS50.079 0.236 0.051 0.433

1-RY31-10/120 1-RY3x-10/120 120 2.9 10 2.6 15.4 5 LS40.114 0.394 0.102 0.606







10(0.394)

a2

c

d

b

a1

RY7x0°/60°/120° rosetteTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3 6(0.118) (0.236)

10(0.394)

a2

b

a1

d




3 6(0.118) (0.236)




1-RY4x-3/120# 120 0.8 3 0.8 7 7 1.5 LS70.031 0.118 0.031 0.276 0.276

1-RY41-6/120 1-RY4x-6/120 120 2 6 1.3 11 11 3 LS50.079 0.236 0.051 0.433 0.433

1-RY41-10/120 1-RY4x-10/120 120 2.9 10 2.6 15.4 15.4 5 LS40.114 0.394 0.102 0.606 0.606




1-RY7x-3/120# 120 0.8 3 0.8 7 1.5 LS70.031 0.118 0.031 0.276

1-RY7x-6/120 120 2 6 1.3 11 3 LS50.079 0.236 0.051 0.433

1-RY7x-10/120 120 2.9 10 2.6 15.4 5 LS40.114 0.394 0.102 0.606


RY910°/45°/90° rosette, stacked measuring gridsTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

RY93Temperature response matched to aluminumwitht α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)





6 10(0.236) (0.394)

3(0.118)

1.5(0.059)

RY810°/45°/90° rectangular rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)





0.6(0.024)

3(0.118)

6(0.236)



1.5(0.059)




1-RY8x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1.2 4.8 8.7 2 LS70.024 0.047 0.189 0.343

1-RY81-1.5/120 1-RY8x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 8.2 13.5 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.323 0.531

1-RY81-3/120 1-RY83-3/120 1-RY8x-3/120 120 3 0.9 9.7 13.5 3 LS70.118 0.035 0.382 0.531

1-RY81-6/120 1-RY8x-6/120 120 6 2.8 16.4 22.9 7.5 LS40.236 0.110 0.646 0.902

1-RY8x-1.5/350# 350 1.5 1.6 8.2 14.6 5 LS70.059 0.063 0.323 0.575

1-RY8x-3/350 350 3 1 9.7 14.6 5.5 LS70.118 0.039 0.382 0.575

1-RY81-6/350 1-RY8x-6/350 350 6 2.4 16.4 22.9 12 LS40.236 0.094 0.646 0.902




1-RY91-1.5/120 1-RY9x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.25 9 8 1.5 LS70.059 0.049 0.354 0.315

1-RY91-3/120 1-RY93-3/120 1-RY9x-3/120 120 3 1.25 9 9 2 LS70.118 0.049 0.354 0.354

1-RY91-6/120 1-RY93-6/120 1-RY9x-6/120 120 6 2.5 12.5 11 4.5 LS70.236 0.098 0.492 0.433

1-RY91-10/120 1-RY9x-10/120 120 10 4 18.5 16 7 LS70.394 0.157 0.728 0.630



RY1010°/45°/90° rectangular rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)





1.5(0.059)

3(0.118)

6(0.236)


b

a

d

c





1-RY101-1.5/120 1-RY10x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 8.2 13.5 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.323 0.531

1-RY101-3/120 1-RY103-3/120 1-RY10x-3/120 120 3 0.9 9.7 13.5 3 LS70.118 0.035 0.382 0.531

1-RY10x-6/120 120 6 2.8 16.4 22.9 7.5 LS40.236 0.110 0.646 0.902

1-RY101-3/350 1-RY103-3/350 1-RY10x-3/350 350 3 1 9.7 13.5 5.5 LS70.118 0.039 0.382 0.531

1-RY10x-6/350 350 6 2.4 16.4 22.9 12 LS40.236 0.094 0.646 0.902


VY110°/90° T full bridgeTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

VY1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3(0.118)

6(0.236)

SG / Y series with 4 measuring grids / full bridges

VY41Shear/torsion full bridgeTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

VY43Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

VY4xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3 6(0.118) (0.236)


a b

c

d




1-VY11-3/120 1-VY1x-3/120 120 3 7 13.5 13.5 6 LS50.118 0.276 0.531 0.531

1-VY11-6/120 1-VY1x-6/120 120 6 14 23 23 12 LS50.236 0.551 0.906 0.906




1-VY41-3/120 1-VY4x-3/120 120 3 1.3 10 9.8 3.5 LS70.118 0.051 0.394 0.386

1-VY4x-6/120 120 6 2.7 17 18 7.5 LS40.236 0.106 0.669 0.709

1-VY41-3/350 1-VY43-3/350 1-VY4x-3/350 350 3 1.2 10 9.8 6 LS70.118 0.047 0.394 0.386

1-VY4x-6/350 350 6 2.7 17 18 13 LS40.236 0.106 0.669 0.709



MY21Diaphragm rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

MY2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Dimension a in mm/inch)


6 15(0.236) (0.591)

SG / Y series full bridge / diaphragm rosettes





1-MY2x-6/120 120 6 7.3 3.5 LS70.236 0.287

1-MY21-15/350 1-MY2x-15/350 350 15 17 13 LS50.591 0.669


SG / Y series strain gage chains

KY11Strain gage chainComprising 10 measuring grids in parallel to the chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage.Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

KY13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

KY1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Pitch t in mm/inch)

Contents per package: 1 piece

KY21Strain gage chainComprising 10 measuring grids vertical to the chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage.Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

KY23Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)




4(0.159)

2(0.079)

1(0.039)

2(0.079)

1(0.039)



voltageMeasuring Measuring Pitch

grid grid carrierSteel Aluminum Others Ω a b c d t V

1-KY11-1/120 1-KY13-1/120 1-KY1x-1/120# 120 0.6 1 7.2 14.5 1 2 LS70.024 0.039 0.283 0.571 0.039

1-KY11-2/120 1-KY13-2/120 1-KY1x-2/120 120 1.5 1.3 6.7 24.5 2 2.5 LS70.059 0.051 0.264 0.965 0.079

1-KY11-4/120 1-KY1x-4/120 120 3 2.1 9.7 44.5 4 5 LS70.118 0.083 0.382 1.752 0.157




1-KY21-1/120 1-KY23-1/120 1-KY2x-1/120# 120 0.8 0.8 6.9 15 4 1.5 LS70.031 0.031 0.272 0.591 0.157

1-KY21-2/120 1-KY2x-2/120 120 1.7 1.7 9.5 27 2 3.5 LS70.067 0.067 0.374 1.063 0.079




KY3xStrain gage rosette chaincomprising 5 rosettes each with 3 0°/60°/120°measuring grids and 1 compensating strain gage

Temperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



d

a

t

bc

KY41Strain gage chainComprising 10 measuring grids (5 in parallel, 5 vertical to the chain axis, alternatingly) and 1 compensating strain gage.Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K. (6.0 · 10-6/°F)




2 4(0.079) (0.159)

4(0.159)





1-KY4x-2/120 120 1.2 1.3 9.2 24.5 2 2.5 LS70.047 0.051 0.362 0.965 0.079

1-KY41-4/120 1-KY4x-4/120 120 3 3 11.5 44.5 4 6 LS50.118 0.118 0.453 1.752 0.157




1-KY3x-4/120 120 1.3 4.1 8.3 25 4 2.5 LS70.051 0.161 0.327 0.984 0.157




KY5xStrain gage chaincomprising 10 measuring grids with common connection in parallel to the measuring chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage




KY6xStrain gage chaincomprising 10 measuring grids with common connection verticalto the measuring chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage




d

b

t

ac

2(0.079)

1(0.039)

d

a

t

bc




1-KY5x-1/120# 120 0.6 1.1 5.6 12.8 1 1.5 -0.024 0.043 0.220 0.504 0.039

1-KY5x-2/120 120 1.5 1.3 6 22.8 2 2.5 -0.059 0.051 0.236 0.898 0.079




1-KY6x-1/120# 120 0.8 0.6 5.6 12.8 1 1.2 -0.031 0.024 0.220 0.504 0.039

1-KY6x-2/120 120 1.3 1.5 6 22.8 2 2.5 -0.051 0.059 0.236 0.898 0.079

2(0.079)

1(0.039)



d

b

t

ac

KY7xStrain gage chaincomprising 10 measuring grids with common connection (5 inparallel, 5 vertical to the measuring chain axis, alternatingly)and 1 compensating strain gage









1-KY7x-2/120 120 1.3 1.5 6 22.8 2 2.5 -0.051 0.059 0.236 0.898 0.079

2(0.079)




1-KY8x-2/120 120 1.2 0.9 5 21.7 2 2 -0.047 0.035 0.197 0.854 0.079




1-KY9x-2/120 120 1.2 0.9 5 21.7 2 2 -0.047 0.035 0.197 0.854 0.079

KY8xStrain gage chaincomprising 10 measuring grids with common connection in parallel to the measuring chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage




2(0.079)

KY9xStrain gage chaincomprising 10 measuring grids with common connection verticalto the measuring chain axis and 1 compensating strain gage




2(0.079)



SG with connection cable K-LY... / K-XY.../ K-RY...

Special features

No soldering at the measuring point required

Proven quality of the Y series strain gages, now also available with prewired PVC ribbon cable

50 mm Teflon wire, optional cable lengths from 0.5 m up to 10 m

2-, 3- and 4-wire versions

Linear strain gages, T rosettes, shear/torsion strain gages and 3-measuring grid rosettes

Teflon wire on the strain gage prevents the cable from sticking during installation

44531_DMS_Katalog_en_05 01.09.2005 15:36 Uhr Seite 42


>>

1) = Properties of strain gages without flat ribbon cables (incl. Teflon wire)For more information such as permissible excitation voltage and dimensions, see Strain gages /Y series (page 23)3) Matching to plastic (code numer 8) is only possible in the temperature range of -10…+50°C.

Specifications


material Constantan foilthickness µm 3.8 or 5, depending on strain gage type

carriermaterial µm polyimidethickness 45 ± 10

covermaterial µm polyimidethickness 25 ± 5

connections Teflon wires, …0.051 mm2, approx. 50 mm long, connected to AWG28 ribbon cables (PVC insulated) through soldering sleeves in 2-, 3- or 4-wire circuit, in different lengths

nominal resistance1) Ω 120, 350, 700, or 1000, depending on SG typeresistance tolerance1) % ± 0.3 gage factor approx. 2 (specified on each package)

gage factor tolerance 1) % 1temperature coefficient of the gage factor1) 1/K (115 ± 10) · 10-6


reference temperature ºC 23operating temperature range with PVC cable without PVC cable

for absolute, i.e. zero point related measurements ºC -10 … + 90 - 10 ... +155for relative, i.e. not zero point related measurements ºC -10 … + 90 - 10 ... +155

transverse sensitivity specified on each packagefor LY41-3/120 % +0.2

temperature response specified on each packagetemperature response at customer’s choice matched to the thermal expansion coefficientα for ferritic steel 1/K 10.8 · 10-6

α for aluminum 1/K 23 · 10-6

α for plastic material 1/K 65 · 10-6

α for austenitic steel 1/K 16 · 10-6

α for titanium/ gray steel 1/K 9 · 10-6

α for molybdenum 1/K 5.4 · 10-6

α for quartz 1/K 0.5 · 10-6

tolerance of the temperature response1) 1/K ± 0.3 · 10-6

temperature response with matching in the range of3) ºC -10 … + 120

mechanical hysteresisat reference temperature and strain ε = ± 1,000 µm/mon strain gage type LY 11-6/120

at 1st load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m 1at 3rd load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m 0.5at 1st load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m 2.5at 3rd load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m 1

maximum elongationat reference temperature using adhesive Z 70 on strain gage type LY41-3/120

absolute strain value for positive direction µm/m 20,000 ( 2 %)absolute strain value for negative direction µm/m 25,000 ( 2.5%)

fatigue lifeat reference temperature using adhesive Z 70 on strain gage type LY41-3/120

number of load cycles Lw atalternating strain εw = ± 1,000 µm/m andzero point drift εm ∆ 300 µm/m > 1 . 107 (test was interrupted at 107)zero point drift εm ∆ 30 µm/m 5 . 106

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperaturewithin the measuring grid area mm 0.3within the area of the solder tabs mm 10

bonding material that can be usedcold curing adhesives Z70; X60; X280

44531_DMS_Katalog_en_05 01.09.2005 15:36 Uhr Seite 43


SG with connection cable (incl. Teflon wire) with 1 measuring grid

*Variants: minimum order quantity of 3 packages# = only available with temperature response matched to ferritic steel, austenitic steel and aluminum

3 6 10 20 50 100 150(0.118) (0.236) (0.394) (0.787) (2.968) (3.937) (5.905)

Available cable lengths,see page 46

K-LY41Linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

K-LY43Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

K-LY4xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



not

requ

ired

Types that can be supplied Variants No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderat short notice minal effective terminals

resis- bridgetance excitation



K-LY41-3/120 K-LY4x-3/120 120 3 1.1 8 5 40.118 0.043 0.315 0.197

K-LY41-6/120 K-LY43-6/120 K-LY4x-6/120 120 6 2.3 13.9 5.9 80.236 0.091 0.547 0.232

K-LY41-10/120 K-LY4x-10/120 120 10 5 18 8 140.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

K-LY41-20/120 K-LY4x-20/120 120 20 0.7 31.8 8.2 70.787 0.028 1.252 0.323

K-LY41-50/120 K-LY4x-50/120 120 50 0.9 63.6 8.2 121.969 0.035 2.504 0.323

K-LY4x-100/120 120 100 1 114.8 8.2 193.937 0.039 4.520 0.323

K-LY4x-150/120 120 150 1.3 165.6 8.2 255.906 0.051 6.520 0.323

K-LY4x-3/350 350 3 2.5 10.9 5.9 90.118 0.098 0.429 0.232

K-LY41-6/350 K-LY4x-6/350 350 6 2.7 13.9 5.9 150.236 0.106 0.547 0.232

K-LY4x-10/350 350 10 5 18 8 240.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

K-LY4x-3/700 700 3 2.7 10.9 5.9 130.118 0.106 0.429 0.232

K-LY4x-6/700 700 6 4.1 13.9 5.9 230.236 0.161 0.547 0.232

K-LY4x-10/700 700 10 5 18 8 330.394 0.197 0.709 0.315

K-LY4x-3/1000# 1000 3 2.7 10.9 5.9 160.118 0.106 0.429 0.232

K-LY4x-6/1000# 1000 6 4.3 13.9 5.9 270.236 0.169 0.547 0.232

K-LY4x-10/1000# 1000 10 5 18 8 400.394 0.197 0.709 0.315


K-XY4xShear/ torsion half bridgeTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size


K-XY310°/90° T rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

K-XY33Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

K-XY3xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




SG with connection cable (incl. Teflon wire) with 2 measuring grids

*Variants: minimum order quantity of 3 packages# = only available with temperature response matched to ferritic steel, austenitic steel and aluminum

3(0.118)

6(0.236)

not

requ

ired





K-XY3x-3/120 120 3 2.8 10.5 8 5.50.118 0.110 0.413 0.315

K-XY31-6/120 K-XY3x-6/120 120 6 5.5 17.5 12 110.236 0.217 0.689 0.472

K-XY31-3/350 K-XY3x-3/350 350 3 2.9 10.9 7.6 100.118 0.114 0.429 0.299

K-XY33-6/350 K-XY3x-6/350 350 3 2.9 10.9 7.6 100.118 0.114 0.429 0.299

3(0.118)

6(0.236)

not

requ

ired




K-XY4x-3/120 120 3 3 5.4 11 8 50.118 0.118 0.213 0.433 0.315

K-XY4x-6/120 120 6 6 10.2 16 12.2 9.50.236 0.236 0.402 0.630 0.480

K-XY4x-3/350 350 3 4.1 5.6 11 8 9.50.118 0.161 0.220 0.433 0.315

K-XY4x-6/350 350 6 6 10 16 12.2 160.236 0.236 0.394 0.630 0.480

K-XY4x-3/700# 700 3 4.1 5.6 11 8 13.50.118 0.161 0.220 0.433 0.315

K-XY4x-6/700 700 6 6 10 16 12.2 230.236 0.236 0.394 0.630 0.480


K-RY61R0°/45°/90° rectangular hole drilling rosetteTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




SG with connection cable (incl. Teflon wire) with 3 measuring grids

Available cable lengths (mounted PVC ribbon cable)

*Variants: minimum order quantity of 3 packages

**= only available with temperature response matched to ferritic steel

1.5(0.059)

a

b

d

c

K-RY810°/45°/90° rectangular rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

K-RY83Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

K-RY8xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3 6(0.118) (0.236)

not

requ

ired





K-RY6x-1.5/120R** 120 1.5 0.72 13.5 8 20.059 0.028 0.531 0.315

not

requ

ired





K-RY81-3/120 K-RY8x-3/120 120 3 0.9 9.7 14.6 30.118 0.035 0.382 0.575

K-RY81-6/120 K-RY83-6/120 K-RY8x-6/120 120 6 2.8 13.2 22.9 7.50.236 0.110 0.520 0.902

K-RY8x-3/350 350 3 1 9.7 14.6 5.50.118 0.039 0.382 0.575

K-RY8x-6/350 350 6 2.4 13.1 22.9 120.236 0.094 0.516 0.902

0.5 m (1 ft 7.7 inch)

1 m (3 ft 3.4 inch) -

2 m (6 ft 6.7 inch) -

3 m (9 ft 10.1 inch) -

4 m (13 ft 1.5 inch) -

5 m (16 ft 4.9 inch) -

7.5 m (24 ft 7.3 inch) -

10 m (32 ft 9.7 inch) -

K-LY4...2- 3- 4-

wire0.5 m (1 ft 7.7 inch)

1 m (3 ft 3.4 inch) -

2 m (6 ft 6.7 inch) -

3 m (9 ft 10.1 inch) -

4 m (13 ft 1.5 inch) -

5 m (16 ft 4.9 inch) -

7.5 m (24 ft 7.3 inch) -

10 m (32 ft 9.7 inch) -

K-XY3...2- 3- 4-

wire0.5 m (1 ft 7.7 inch) - -

1 m (3 ft 3.4 inch) - -2 m (6 ft 6.7 inch) - -3 m (9 ft 10.1 inch) - -4 m (13 ft 1.5 inch) - -5 m (16 ft 4.9 inch) - -

7.5 m (24 ft 7.3 inch) - -10 m (32 ft 9.7 inch) - -

K-XY4...2- 3- 4-

wire0.5 m (1 ft 7.7 inch)

1 m (3 ft 3.4 inch) -

2 m (6 ft 6.7 inch) -

3 m (9 ft 10.1 inch) -

4 m (13 ft 1.5 inch) -

5 m (16 ft 4.9 inch) -

7.5 m (24 ft 7.3 inch) -

10 m (32 ft 9.7 inch) -

K-RY6.../RY8...2- 3- 4-

wire



V series strain gagesV series strain gages

Encapsulated strain gages

3m (9 ft 10.1 inch) stranded connection wire, PVC insulated

High mechanical protection

Experimental stress analysis on a railway rail


Stock types No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm.minal effectiveresis- bridgetance excitation


grid carrierΩ a b c d V

1-LV41-3/120-0.5* 120 3 1 19 12 20.118 0.039 0.748 0.472

1-LV41-3/120 120 3 1 19 12 20.118 0.039 0.748 0.472

1-XV91-3/120 120 3 1.4 24.5 20.5 20.118 0.055 0.965 0.807

1-RV91-3/120 120 3 1.25 24.5 20.5 10.118 0.049 0.965 0.807

* with cable 20 inch in length


SG / V series encapsulated strain gages with 3m stranded connection wire

LV41Linear strain gage Contents per package: 10 pcs.

XV910°/90° T rosette Contents per package: 5 pcs.

RV910°/45°/90° rosette Contents per package: 5 pcs.

Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LV41 XV91 RV91

1) The data depends on different installation parameters and is therefore specified for representative examples only.

Specifications

strain gage construction foil SG complete with embedded measuring gridand cable in plastic potting

measuring gridmaterial Constantan foilthickness µm (microinch) 5 (197)

carriermaterial polyimidethickness µm (microinch) 45 ± 10 (1772 ± 394)

covermaterial polyimidethickness µm (microinch) 25 ± 5 (984 ± 197)

pottingmaterial plasticthickness mm (inch) approx. 1.5 (0.059)

connections PVC coated stranded connection wires, 3 m (118 inch) long in 2-wire circuitexcept 1-LV41-3/120-0.5 with 20 inch

nominal resistance Ω 120; including stranded connection wireresistance tolerance % ±0.5

gage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagegage factor tolerance % ±1

temperature coefficient of the gage factor 1/K (1/ºF) approx. 115 ± 10 · 10-6 (64 ± 5.5) · 10-6



for absolute, i.e. zero point related measurements ºC (ºF) –30… +105 (-22... +221)for relative, i.e. not zero point related measurements ºC (ºF) –30… +105 (-22... +221)

temperature response specified on each packagetemperature response with matching in the range of ºC (ºF) –10 … +105 (14... 221)


at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage typeLV41-3/120

absolute strain value ε for positive direction µm/m (microstrain) 20,000 ( 2%)absolute strain value ε for negative direction µm/m (microstrain) 50,000 ( 5%)

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperature mm (inch) 100 (3.94)

bonding material that can be usedcold curing adhesives Z 70; X 60; X280


LE11encapsulated linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6 /K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)




Special SG encapsulated strain gage with stranded wire

IP 67 1) protection

1 m (39.4 inch) Teflon insulated stranded connection wire

Moisture proof and resistant against chemicals 2) due to full encapsulation in special plastic material

Excellent zero signal stability with changing moisture

2-wire or 4-wire circuit alternatively

SpecificationsType LE11-3/350

strain gage construction foil SG IP 67, resistant against chemicals2)

measuring grid material Constantan foilmeasuring grid length mm (inch) 3 (0.118)carrier

material special plastic materialthickness µm (microinch) 25 (984)

covering material special plastic material, 25 µm (984 microinch)thickthickness of the complete SG mm (inch) 0.65 (0.026)

nominal resistance Ω 350 resistance tolerance per package % ±0.5gage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagegage factor tolerance % ±1


for installation with Z 70 ºC (ºF) -70… +120 (-94... +248)for installation with EP 250/EP 310S/X 280 ºC (ºF) -200… +180 (-328... +356)

temperature response matched tothermal expansion coefficient a for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10-6 (6.0 · 10-6)

temperature range of the matching of the temperature response °C (ºF) -10… +120 (14... +248)

transverse sensitivitywithin reference temperature range using adhesive Z 70 % 0.25

minimum radius of curvature at reference temperaturelongitudinal and transverse mm (inch) 3 (0.118)

maximum elongation at reference temperature µm/m (microstrain) ± 50,000 ( ±5%)fatigue life1)

at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70number of load cycles Lw at alternating strainεw = ±1,000 mm/m and zero point drift εm ∆ 300 mm/m (microstrain) >> 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

εm ∆ 30 mm/m (microstrain) > 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

connection cable, 1m long 2 or 4 Teflon insulated stranded wiresbonding material that can be used Z 70, EP 310S, EP 250, X 280

1) Please note the resistance of the adhesives used 2) only concentrated acids (sulphuric acid, nitric acid) will destroy this special plastic material. High resistance against fuels and engine oils

Stock types No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm.minal effectiveresis- bridgetance excitation



1-LE11-3/350Z (2-wire connection) 350 3 2 15 9 60.118 0.079 0.591 0.354

1-LE11-3/350V 4-wire connection) 350 3 2 15 9 60.118 0.079 0.591 0.354


C series strain gagesC series strain gages

The specialist for extreme temperatures -269... +250°C (-452... +482°F)

Temperature response with matching in the range of -200... +250°C (-328... +482°F)

Flexible, therefore easy to handle


Tensile force measurement using C series strain gages atlow temperatures (permafrost)


Specifications


material CrNi special alloythickness µm (microinch) 5 (197)

carriermaterial polyimidethickness µm (microinch) 45 ± 10 (1,772 ± 394)

covermaterial polyimidethickness µm (microinch) 25 ± 5 (984 ± 197)

connections nickel plated Cu leads, approx. 30mm (1.18 inch) in length

nominal resistance Ω 120, 350 depending on SG typeresistance tolerance % ±0.35gage factor approx. 2.2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagegage factor tolerance % ± 1temperature coefficient of the gage factor specified on each package



transverse sensitivitywithin reference temperature range using adhesive Z 70 % -0.15on strain gage type LC11-6/120

temperature responsetemperature response at customer’s choice matched to the thermal expansion coefficient

α for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10–6 (6.0 · 10-6)α for aluminum 1/K (1/ºF) 23 · 10–6 (12.8 · 10-6)

tolerance of the temperature response 1/K (1/ºF) ± 0.6 · 10–6 (± 0.34 · 10-6)temperature response with matching in the range of ºC (ºF) -200… +250 (-328... +482)


at reference temperature and strain ε = ± 1,000 µm/m (microstrain)on strain gage type LC11-6/120

at 1st load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 1.25at 3rd load cycle and adhesivef Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 0.75


at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LC11-6/120

absolute strain value e for positive direction µm/m (microstrain) 20,000 ( 2 %)absolute strain value e for negative direction µm/m (microstrain) 100,000 ( 10 %)

fatigue life1)

at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LC11-6/120

number of load cycles Lw atalternating strain εw = ± 1,000 µm/m and zero point drift εm ∆ 300 µm/m (microstrain) >> 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

εm ∆ 30 µm/m (microstrain) > 107 (test was interrupted at 107)

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperaturewithin the measuring grid area mm (inch) 0.3 (0.012)within the area of the solder tabs mm (inch) 2 (0.079)

bonding material that can be usedcold curing adhesives Z 70; X 60; X 280hot curing adhesives EP 250; EP 310S


1) The data depend on the various parameters of the specific application and are therefore stated for representative examples only.



SG / C series with 1 measuring grid, 2 measuring grids

LC11Linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LC1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



XC110°/90° T rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XC1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



d

ac

b

3 6(0.118) (0.236)

ca

bd

3 6 10(0.118) (0.236) (0.394)




1-LC11-3/120 120 3 3.2 8.5 5.5 6 LS50.118 0.126 0.335 0.217

1-LC11-6/120 120 6 3.2 12 5.5 9 LS50.236 0.126 0.472 0.217

1-LC11-10/120 120 10 3.2 16 5.5 11 LS50.394 0.126 0.630 0.217

1-LC11-3/350 1-LC1x-3/350* 350 3 3.2 8.5 5.5 10 LS50.118 0.126 0.335 0.217

1-LC11-6/350 1-LC1x-6/350* 350 6 3.2 12 5.5 14 LS50.236 0.126 0.472 0.217

1-LC11-10/350 1-LC1x-10/350* 350 10 3.2 16 5.5 18 LS50.394 0.126 0.630 0.217




1-XC11-3/350 1-XC1x-3/350* 350 3 3.2 10 10 10 LS70.118 0.126 0.394 0.394

1-XC1x-6/350* 350 6 6.2 16 18 20 LS40.236 0.244 0.630 0.709

Types marked * are only available with matching to aluminum or ferritic steel



SG / C series with 3 measuring grids

RC110°/45°/90° rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

RC1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



4 6(0.157) (0.236)

c b

d

a1

a2




1-RC11-4/350 1-RC1x-4/350* 350 1.1 4 1.1 8 8 3.5 LS70.043 0.157 0.043 0.315 0.315

1-RC1x-6/350* 350 2 6 1.3 11 11 5 LS50.079 0.236 0.051 0.433 0.433

Types marked * are only available with matching to aluminum or ferritic steel



G series strain gagesG series strain gagesOptimum strain gage for the manufacture of transducers

Nominal resistances of 120 ohms and 350 ohms available

Carrier material: glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin/Measuring grid material: constantan

Leads: fitted as standard

G series strain gages used on different base bodies in themanufacture of transducers


Specificationsstrain gage construction foil SG complete with embedded measuring gridmeasuring grid

material Constantan foilthickness µm (microinch) 3.8 or 5 (150 or 197), depending on strain gage type

carriermaterial glass fiber reinforced phenolic resinthickness µm (microinch) 35 ± 10 (1,378 ± 394)

covermaterial glass fiber reinforced phenolic resinthickness µm (microinch) 25 ± 8 (984 ± 315)

connections nickel plated Cu leads, 0.2 or 0.3 x 0.06 x 30 mm(0.008 or 0.012 x 0.002 x 1.18 inch)

nominal resistance Ω 120 oder 350, depending on strain gage typeresistance tolerance 2) % ±0.35gage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagegage factor tolerance for 0.6 mm (0.024 inch) and 1.5 mm (0.059 inch) measuring grid length % ±1.5

for 3 mm (0.118 inch) measuring grid length % ±0.7temperature coefficient of the gage factor 1/K (1/°F) approx. (115 ± 10) · 10-6 (64 ± 5.5) · 10-6




transverse sensitivitywithin reference temperature range using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LG11-6/120 % -0.1

temperature response specified on each packageemperature response at customer’s choice matched to the thermal expansion coefficient

α for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10-6 (6.0 · 10-6)α for aluminum 1/K (1/ºF) 23 · 10-6 (12.8 · 10-6)α for plastic material 1/K (1/ºF) 65 · 10-6 (36.1 · 10-6)α for austenitic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 16 · 10-6 (8.9 · 10-6)α for titanium/ gray steel 1/K (1/ºF) 9 · 10-6 (5.0 · 10-6)α for molybdenum 1/K (1/ºF) 5.4 · 10-6 (3.0 · 10-6)α for quartz 1/K (1/ºF) 0.5 · 10-6 (0.3 · 10-6)

tolerance of the temperature response 1/K (1/ºF) ± 0.3 · 10-6 (± 0.17 · 10-6)temperature response with matching in the range of3) ºC (ºF) -10 … + 120 (14... 248)


at reference temperature and strain ε = ± 1,000 µm/m (microstrain)on strain gage type LG11-6/120

at 1st load cycle and adhesive EP 250 µm/m (microstrain) 0.5at 3rd load cycle and adhesive EP 250 µm/m (microstrain) 0.5at 1st load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m (microstrain) 3at 3rd load cycle and adhesive X 60 µm/m (microstrain) 1.5

on strain gage type LG11-3/350at 1st load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 1.6at 3rd load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 0.8


at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LG 11-6/120

absolute strain value ε for positive direction µm/m (microstrain) 20,000 ( 2 %)absolute strain value ε for negative direction µm/m (microstrain) 50,000 ( 5 %)

fatigue life1)

at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LG11-6/120

number of load cycles Lw at alternating strain εw = ± 1,000 µm/m and zero point drift εm ∆ 300 µm/m (microstrain) >> 107

εm ∆ 30 µm/m (microstrain) 3 · 106

on strain gage type LG11-6/350εm ∆ 300 µm/m (microstrain) >> 107

εm ∆ 30 µm/m (microstrain) 3 · 106

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperature mm (inch) 3 (0.118)bonding material that can be used

cold curing adhesives Z 70; X 60; X 280hot curing adhesives EP 250; EP 310S


1) The data depend on the various parameters of the specific application and are therefore stated for representative examples only.2) With measuring grid lengths of 0.6 mm, the nominal resistance may deviate by ±1%.3) Matching to plastic (code numer 8) is only possible in the temperature range of -10…+50°C (14°F... 122°F).

>>


0.6 1.5 3 6 10(0.024) (0.059) (0.118) (0.236) (0.394)

XG11T rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XG13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

XG1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




SG / G series with 1 measuring grid, 2 measuring grids

LG11Linear strain gageTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LG13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

LG1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



1.5 3 6(0.059) (0.018) (0.236)




1-LG1x-0.6/120# 120 0.6 1.4 5 3.2 1.5 LS70.024 0.055 0.197 0.126

1-LG1x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.2 6.5 4.7 2.5 LS70.059 0.047 0.256 0.185

1-LG11-3/120 1-LG1x-3/120 120 3 1.4 8.3 4.5 4 LS70.118 0.055 0.327 0.177

1-LG11-6/120 1-LG1x-6/120 120 6 2.8 13 6.3 8 LS50.236 0.110 0.512 0.248

1-LG11-10/120 1-LG1x-10/120 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374

1-LG11-3/350 1-LG1x-3/350 350 3 1.5 8.5 4.5 7 LS70.118 0.059 0.335 0.177

1-LG11-6/350 1-LG13-6/350 1-LG1x-6/350 350 6 2.9 13 6 14 LS50.236 0.114 0.512 0.236

1-LG11-10/350 1-LG1x-10/350 350 10 5 18.5 9.5 23 LS50.394 0.197 0.728 0.374




1-XG1x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.5 10.3 5.7 3 LS50.059 0.059 0.406 0.224

1-XG11-3/120 1-XG1x-3/120 120 3 3 14.5 7.5 6 LS40.118 0.118 0.571 0.295

1-XG11-6/120 1-XG1x-6/120 120 6 6 23.5 11 12 LS50.236 0.236 0.925 0.433

1-XG11-3/350 1-XG13-3/350 1-XG1x-3/350 350 3 3 14.4 7.3 10 LS40.118 0.118 0.567 0.287

1-XG11-6/350 1-XG1x-6/350 350 6 6 23.3 10.5 20 LS50.236 0.236 0.917 0.413

# = only available with temperature response matched to ferritic steel, austenitic steel and aluminum


XG21Shear/ torsion half bridgeTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XG2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




3(0.118)

6(0.236)

1.5(0.059)

SG / G series with 2 measuring grids




1-XG2x-1.5/120 120 1.5 1.7 2.5 6.8 4.5 4.5 LS70.059 0.067 0.098 0.268 0.177

1-XG2x-3/120 120 3 4.3 5.3 11.2 9.5 6 LS50.118 0.169 0.209 0.441 0.374

1-XG2x-6/120 120 6 8 10 17.5 12.7 11 LS50.236 0.315 0.394 0.689 0.500

1-XG21-3/350 1-XG2x-3/350 350 3 4.0 5.3 11.2 9.5 10 LS40.118 0.157 0.209 0.441 0.374

1-XG21-6/350 1-XG2x-6/350 350 6 7.8 10 17.5 12.7 19 LS50.236 0.307 0.394 0.689 0.500



K series strain gagesK series strain gagesOptimum strain gage for the manufacture of transducers

Carrier material: glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin/Measuringgrid material: constantan

Various strain gages with different creep adjustments available

Especially matched compensating elements for zero point,TC0 and TCS balancing

On request, every K strain gage without leads can be suppliedas stick-on strain gage (with touch-dry adhesive coating,hot curing) – for maximum precision and easy use in themanufacture of transducers.

Strain gage installation on a customized machine element

Z6 load cell from HBM without bellows


Specifications

Type LK1x, DK1x, LK2x, LK4x, XK5x, XK1x, DK2x, XK2x,MK1x XK6x, MK2x

strain gage construction foil strain gage with foil strain gage without coverembedded measuring grid with integrated solder tabs with integrated leads

measuring gridmaterial Constantan foilthickness µm (microinch) 5 (197)

carriermaterial glass fiber reinforced phenolic resinthickness µm (microinch) 35 ± 10 (1,378 ± 394)

covermaterialthickness µm (microinch) 25 ± 8 (984 ± 315)

connections nickel plated Cu leads integratedapprox. 30mm (1.18 inch) solder tabsin length

nominal resistance Ω 350resistance tolerance % ±0.35 ±0.3gage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor4) specified on each packagegage factor tolerance 4) % 0.7temperature coefficient of the gage factor 1/K (1/°F) approx. (115 ± 10) · 10-6 (64 ± 5.5) · 10-6




transverse sensitivity specified on each packagewithin reference temperature range using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LK11E-3/350 % -0.09

temperature response specified on each packagetemperature response at customer’s choice matched to the thermal expansion coefficientα for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10-6 (6.0 · 10-6)α for aluminum 1/K (1/ºF) 23 · 10-6 (12.8 · 10-6)α for plastic material 1/K (1/ºF) 65 · 10-6 (36.1 · 10-6)α for austenitic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 16 · 10-6 (8.9 · 10-6)α for titanium/ gray steel 1/K (1/ºF) 9 · 10-6 (5.0 · 10-6)α for molybdenum 1/K (1/ºF) 5.4 · 10-6 (3.0 · 10-6)α for quartz 1/K (1/ºF) 0.5 · 10-6 (0.3 · 10-6)tolerance of the temperature response 1/K (1/ºF) ± 0.3… · 10-6 (± 0.17 · 10-6)temperature response with matching in the range of3) ºC (ºF) -10… +120 (14... 248)

Creep adjustment2)

The end loop length u corresponds to a multiple of the grid line width s code letterA: u = 1s M: u = 7sC: u = 2s O: u = 8s

end loop E: u = 3s Q: u = 9sG: u = 4s S: u = 10sI: u = 5s U: u = 11sK:u = 6s W: u = 12s


at reference temperature and strain ε = ± 1,000 µm/m (microstrain)on strain gage type LK11E-3/350

at 1st load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 1.1at 3rd load cycle and adhesive Z 70 µm/m (microstrain) 0.8


at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70on strain gage type LK11E-3/350

absolute strain value ε for positive direction µm/m (microstrain) 20,000 ( 2%)absolute strain value ε for negative direction µm/m (microstrain) 50,000 ( 5%)

fatigue life1)

at reference temperature using adhesive Z 70alternating strain εw = ± 1,000 µm/m on strain gage type LK11E- 3/350

number of load cycles and zero point drift εm ∆ 300 µm/m >> 107

εm ∆ 30 µm/m 3 · 106

minimum radius of curvature, longitudinal and transverse, at reference temperature mm (inch) 3 (0.118)bonding material that can be usedcold curing adhesives Z 70; X 60; X 280hot curing adhesives EP 250; EP 310S


1) The data depend on the various parameters of the specific application and are therefore stated for representative examples only. 2)Different creep adjustments are available per type.3) Matching to plastic (code numer 8) is only possible in the temperature range of -10…+50°C. 4) Does not apply for MK1x, MK2x..


3 6(0.118) (0.236)

SG / K series with 1 measuring grid

LK11Linear strain gage with coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LK13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

LK1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



LK21Linear strain gage without coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

LK23Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

LK2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3 6(0.118) (0.236)


Stock types Variants Creep Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderadjust- effective terminalsment- bridge

excitationvoltage

Measuring Measuring gridgrid carrier

Steel Aluminum Others a b c d V

1-LK1xE-3/350 E 3 3 9.5 5 10 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK1xG-3/350 G 3 3 9.5 5 10 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK11K-3/350 1-LK13K-3/350 1-LK1xK-3/350 K 3 3 9.5 5 10 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK11O-3/350 1-LK1xO-3/350 O 3 3 9.5 5 10 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK1xA-6/350 A 6 3 12.5 5 14 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK1xC-6/350 C 6 3 12.5 5 14 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK11E-6/350 1-LK13E-6/350 1-LK1xE-6/350 E 6 3 12.5 5 14 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK1xG-6/350 G 6 3 12.5 5 14 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK1xI-6/350 I 6 3 12.5 5 14 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

Stock types Variants Creep- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderadjust- effective terminalsment bridge (1)

excitationvoltage



1-LK21K-3/350 1-LK2xK-3/350 K 3 3 9.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK21O-3/350 1-LK23O-3/350 1-LK2xO-3/350 O 3 3 9.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK21S-3/350 1-LK23S-3/350 1-LK2xS-3/350 S 3 3 9.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK23W-3/350 1-LK2xW-3/350 W 3 3 9.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.374 0.197

1-LK2xG-6/350 G 6 3 12.5 5 13 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK21K-6/350 1-LK2xK-6/350 K 6 3 12.5 5 13 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197

1-LK2xO-6/350 O 6 3 12.5 5 13 LS2120.236 0.118 0.492 0.197



LK4xLinear strain gage without coverTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Grid length in mm)



SG / K series with 1 measuring grid

3(0.118)

Stock types Variants Creep Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderadjust- effective terminalsment bridge (1)

excitationvoltage



1-LK4xK-3/350 K 3 3 10.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.413 0.197

1-LK4xO-3/350 O 3 3 10.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.413 0.197

1-LK4xS-3/350 S 3 3 10.5 5 9 LS2120.118 0.118 0.413 0.197




SG / K series with 2 measuring grids / double strain gages


DK11Double strain gage with coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

DK13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

DK1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



DK21Double strain gage without coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

DK23Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)

DK2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



3 6(0.118) (0.236)

Stock types Variants Creep Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderadjust- effective terminalsment bridge

excitationvoltage



1-DK1xE-3/350 E 3 3 9.5 8.5 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK11G-3/350 1-DK13G-3/350 1-DK1xG-3/350 G 3 3 9.5 8.5 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK11K-3/350 1-DK1xK-3/350 K 3 3 9.5 8.5 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK1xO-3/350 O 3 3 9.5 8.5 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK1xA-6/350 A 6 3 12.5 8.5 14 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK1xC-6/350 C 6 3 12.5 8.5 14 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK11E-6/350 1-DK1xE-6/350 E 6 3 12.5 8.5 14 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK11G-6/350 1-DK1xG-6/350 G 6 3 12.5 8.5 14 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK1xI-6/350 I 6 3 12.5 8.5 14 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335 3 6(0.118) (0.236)


excitationvoltage



1-DK21K-3/350 1-DK2xK-3/350 K 3 3 9.5 8.5 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK21O-3/350 1-DK2xO-3/350 O 3 3 9.5 8.5 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK2xS-3/350 S 3 3 9.5 8.5 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK2xW-3/350 W 3 3 9.5 8.5 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.374 0.335

1-DK2xG-6/350 G 6 3 12.5 8.5 13 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK21K-6/350 1-DK23K-6/350 1-DK2xK-6/350 K 6 3 12.5 8.5 13 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335

1-DK2xO-6/350 O 6 3 12.5 8.5 13 LS2240.236 0.118 0.492 0.335


3 6(0.118) (0.236)

3 Strain Gages and Accessories 63

SG / K series with 2 measuring grids / shear / torsion strain gages


XK21Shear / torsion strain gage without coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XK2xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



XK11Shear / torsion strain gage with coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

XK13Temperature response matched to aluminumwith α = 23 · 10-6/K (12.8 · 10-6/°F)




d

b2

c

a

b1

d

b2

c

a

b1

3(0.118)


excitationvoltage

Measuring Measuringgrid grid carrier

Steel Aluminum Others a b1 b2 c d V

1-XK11E-3/350 1-XK1xE-3/350 E 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 10 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK1xG-3/350 G 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 10 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK11K-3/350 1-XK11-XK-3/350 K 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 10 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK11O-3/350 1-XK1xO-3/350 O 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 10 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK1xA-6/350 A 6 5.5 10.4 20 13 15 LS2120.236 0.217 0.409 0.787 0.512

1-XK1xC-6/350 C 6 5.5 10.4 20 13 15 LS2120.236 0.217 0.409 0.787 0.512

1-XK11E-6/350 1-XK1xE-6/350 E 6 5.5 10.4 20 13 15 LS2120.236 0.217 0.409 0.787 0.512

1-XK1xG-6/350 G 6 5.5 10.4 20 13 15 LS2120.236 0.217 0.409 0.787 0.512

1-XK1xI-6/350 I 6 5.5 10.4 20 13 15 LS2120.236 0.217 0.409 0.787 0.512


excitationvoltage

Measuring Measuringgrid grid carrier

Steel Aluminum Others a b1 b2 c d V

1-XK21K-3/350 1-XK21-XK-3/350 K 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 9 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK21O-3/350 1-XK2xO-3/350 O 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 9 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315

1-XK21S-3/350 1-XK2xS-3/350 S 3 4.5 5.5 15 8 9 LS2240.118 0.177 0.217 0.591 0.315



XK510°/ 90° T rosette with coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)




3 6(0.118) (0.236)

XK6x0°/ 90° T rosette without coverTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20



SG / K series with 2 measuring grids / T rosette



excitationvoltage



1-XK5xA-3/350 A 3 3 10 10 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK51E-3/350 1-XK5xE-3/350 E 3 3 10 10 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK51M-3/350 1-XK5xM-3/350 M 3 3 10 10 10 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK51A-6/350 1-XK5xA-6/350 A 6 6 16 18 20 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709

1-XK5xC-6/350 C 6 6 16 18 20 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709

1-XK51E-6/350 1-XK5xE-6/350 E 6 6 16 18 20 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709


excitationvoltage



1-XK6xA-3/350 A 3 3 10 10 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK6xE-3/350 E 3 3 10 10 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK6xM-3/350 M 3 3 10 10 9 LS2240.118 0.118 0.394 0.394

1-XK6xA-6/350 A 6 6 16 18 18 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709

1-XK6xE-6/350 E 6 6 16 18 18 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709

1-XK6xI-6/350 I 6 6 16 18 18 LS2240.236 0.236 0.630 0.709

3 6(0.118) (0.236)


10(0.394)


SG / K series with 4 measuring grids / diaphragm rosette

MK11Diaphragm full bridge with coverTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)

MK1xTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20

Illustrations show actual size(Dimension a in mm/inch)


10 15(0.394) (0.591)

MK21Diaphragm full bridge without coverTemperature response matching at customer’s choice,see page 20




excitationvoltage



1-MK11M-10/350 1-MK1xM-10/350 M 10 - 13 - 8 LS2240.394 - 0.512 -

1-MK11M-15/350 1-MK1xM-15/350 M 15 - 18 - 13 LS2240.591 - 0.709 -


excitationvoltage



1-MK2xM-10/350 M 10 - 12 - 7 LS2240.394 - 0.472 -




SG / K series balancing and compensating elements

TN1 3/1.05Adjustable foil resistor for temperature compensationof the zero point. Nickel foil on a polyimide carrier witha raw resistance of twice about 0.7 Ω. For each bridge branch, a maximum of 1.05 Ω can beconnected, with the following stages:0.6 Ω – 0.3 Ω – 0.15 Ω ± 20% a)

Temperature coefficient of the resistor:(20°C… 70°C) (68°F… 158°F): 4.9 · 10-3/K (2.7 · 10-3/°F)

TC0 compensating resistor


TC1 4/60Adjustable foil resistor for temperature compensation ofthe sensitivity. Nickel foil on a polyimide carrier with araw resistance of about 1 Ω. For each bridge branch, amaximum of 60 Ω can be connected, with the followingstages:32 Ω – 16 Ω – 8 Ω – 4 Ω ± 20% a)

Temperature coefficient of the resistor:(20°C… 70°C) (68°F… 158°F): 4.9 · 10-3/K (2.7 · 10-3/°F)

TCS compensating resistor


NA1 6/4.73Adjustable foil resistor for zero point balancing on apolyimide carrier with a raw resistance of twice about9 Ω. For each bridge branch, a maximum of 4.73 Ωcan be connected, with the following stages:2.4 Ω – 1.2 Ω – 0.6 Ω – 0.3 Ω – 0.15 Ω – 0.08 Ω ± 20% a)

Zero point balancing resistor


Dimensions (mm/inch)

Grid Carrier

Type a b c d

1-NA1-6/4.73 6 14.5 80.236 0.571 0.315


Grid Carrier

Type a b c d

1-TN1-3/1.05 6 11 80.236 0.433 0.315


Grid Carrier

Type a b c d

1-TC1-4/60 4,2 7 11,5 90.165 0.276 0.453 0.354

a) Reference temperature for resistor specifications T=23°C (73.4°F)



SG / K series balancing and compensating elements

Example circuit diagram of balancing and compensating elements in a straingage full bridge

Note: For more details, please referto the HBM book “The Route toMeasurement Transducers”

It´s so easy,......using stick-on strain gages:

Preparation: - Roughly clean the installation area and degrease it (e.g. using RMS1)- Grind (grain size 220 – 300), sandblast (e.g. corundum, grain size 80 – 100)- Clean with ultrapure solvent (e.g. RMS1)

Strain gage: No preparation required

Fixing the SG: Use heat-resistant adhesive tape (e.g. 1-Klebeband)

Pressing of the SG: e.g. using a clamping device – protect the strain gage from damage using separating foil

(e.g. 1-Teflon) and pressure compensation pads

Curing of adhesives: Prerequisites for optimum curing:

- Contact pressure: 20 – 35 N/cm2 (36 – 51 lbf/sq. in.)- Rate of heating (under pressure): 2.5K(4.5 °F)/min from room temperature to 160°C (320°F)- Curing time: 3.5h at 160°C (320°F)- Cooling (under pressure): down to room temperature- Subsequent curing (without pressure): 1h at 160°C (320°F) K strain gages without leads

are also available with the“stick-on” option


LS31

Contents per package: 5 pcs1)

covering agent stranded wire 0.5 m (1.64 ft) long

1) Each package is supplied with two plates for welding exercises

Special SG / Weldable strain gageField of application: Strain measurements at increased temperatures on weldablecomponents on which – due to their size – strain gage installation using hot curingadhesive is not possible. Use of strain gages “on site” where the cleanliness requiredfor bonding cannot be guaranteed (construction sites, production plants, etc.).

Bonding: Spot welding is a simple bonding method for strain gages as hardly anypreparations are necessary and very little practical experience is required of users.

Strain gage layout: Y series foil strain gage on carrier plate, covered with trans-parent silicone rubber; fitted with 0.5 m (1.64 ft) stranded connection wires


Specifications

Type LS 31-6/350

strain gage construction foil strain gage (quarter bridge), polyimide carrier and constantan measuring grid, hot-bonded to carrier plate

measuring grid mm (inch) 6 (0.236)carrier plate

I x w mm (inch) 40 x 10 (1.57 x 0.39)thickness mm (inch) 0.1 (0.004)material X 8 Cr 17 (1.4016)

nominal resistance Ω 350resistance tolerance per package % ±1 ; measured at end of cablegage factor approx. 2nominal value of the gage factor specified on each packagemaximum permissible bridge excitation voltage V 15

reference temperature ºC (ºF) 23 (73.4)operating temperature range ºC (ºF) -200… +150 (-328... +302)

temperature response at customer’s choice matched to thethermal expansion coefficient α for ferritic steel 1/K (1/ºF) 10.8 · 10-6 (6.0 · 10-6)

temperature response with matching in the range of °C (ºF) -10… +120 (14... 248)

minimum radius of curvature at reference temperaturelongitudinal and transverse mm (inch) 75 (2.95)

maximum elongation at reference temperature µm/m (microstrain) ±3,000 ( ±0.3%)strain-related restoring force N (lbf) < 250 (< 56)1,000 µm/m (microstrain)

bonding method spot welding method

(1.57 inch)

(0.3

9 in

ch)


Strain gages for high strain

LD20Linear strain gage for high strainsNo matching of temperature response



6 10(0.236) (0.394)

Strain gages for high strainThese strain gages are used in all applications where they are extended or shortened by > 5%.

Specifications: maximum elongation ± 100,000 µm/m (microstrain) ( ±10%).

Fatigue life: less resistance to alternating loads than with Y series strain gages.

More specifications: see page 23


Stock types No- Dimensions (mm/inch) Max. perm. Solderminal effective terminalsresis- bridgetance excitation



1-LD20-6/120 120 6 2,8 12.8 6 8 LS70.236 0.110 0.504 0.236

1-LD20-10/120 120 10 4.9 18.5 9.5 13 LS50.394 0.193 0.728 0.374



Crack propagation gagesThese strain gages are used to determine the crack propagation on a component.HBM offers three different types: Types RDS20 and RDS40 consist of electricallyseparated resistor lines, i.e. as the crack extends, individual circuits will beinterrupted.

Type RDS22 consists of conductor tracks connected in parallel which will tear if thecrack extends under the crack propagation gage. This will gradually increase theelectrical resistance of the strain gage as the crack continues to extend.

This change in resistance can be measured using a resistance meter or a strain gageamplifier (see connection diagram).

RDS20, RDS22, RDS40Crack propagation gagesIllustrations show actual size(Grid length in mm/inch)

Construction:Carrier: phenolic resin, glass-fiber reinforced,thickness (35 ± 10) µm (1,378 ± 394 microinch)

Grid foil: constantan foil, thickness, 5 µm (197 microinch)


20 22 40(0.787) (0.866) (1.575)

a

b

c

d

Resistance tolerance ±20%

Order designation of the Dimensions (mm/inch)standard types Resis-

tance Measu- Pitch t Number Max. permper Link ring grid Measuring center of of effectiveweb length width grid carrier link/center link excitation

of link voltageΩ a b c d mm V

1-RDS20 13 20 22.5 28 25 1.15 20 1.50.787 0.886 1.102 0.984 0.045

1-RDS22 44 22 5 27.8 6.8 0.1 50 0.80.866 0.197 1.094 0.268 0.004

1-RDS40 28 40 8.4 47 10 0.8 10 2.51.575 0.331 1.850 0.394 0.031


Connecting a crack propagation gageThere are two different types of crack propagation gages: RDS22 consisting of conductortracks connected in parallel which will tear if the crack extends under the crack propa-gation gage. This will gradually increase the electrical resistance of the strain gage asthe crack continues to extend. Types RDS20 and RDS40 consist of electrically separatedresistor lines, i.e. as the crack extends, individual circuits will be interrupted. If these arecontacted individually, the direction in which the gap extends can be detected.

The easiest way to detect the signals of crack propagation gages (RDS) is to measure theresistance. Many amplifiers from HBM enable such direct resistance measurements to betaken (e.g. MGCplus or Spider8 with the appropriate modules).

The resulting resistance (R) of the RDS is dependent on the number of torn links and can easily be calculated. n identical resistors (Ri) are connected in parallel:

Rn=

If a grid line is interrupted, this is described by

R(n-1) =

The measurement can also be taken using an amplifier for strain gage measurements. The connection diagram shows how the RDS has to be complemented to obtain a resistance change that is inside the measuring range of an amplifier for strain gage quarter bridges.

Temperature effects can be minimized using temperature stable fixed resistors or strain gages as completion resistors. A higher sensitivity can be obtained by selecting a parallel resistor with a higher resistance value.

Please contact us (e-mail: [email protected]) to get a table and a diagram showing the bridge output signal depending on the number of torn links for each crack propagation gage.


Crack propagation gages

Ua

Ub

0 number of intact links

Typical signal curve considering for example an RDS20 with links connected in parallel

output signal

3-wire circuit betweencompletion resistor andamplifier

amplifier for strain gages in quarter bridge circuit, 350 ohms

short,low-ohm leads

R=349.5 ohms

RDS22crack propagation gage

R=1 ohm

Connecting an RDS crack propagationgage to a strain gage amplifier

Ri

n

Ri

(n-1)


XY510°/90° ring core rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)operating temperature range: 10°C… 60°C (50°F… 140°F)



RY510°/45°/90° ring core rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)operating temperature range: 10°C… 60°C (50°F… 140°F)




SG for determination of residual stressFor determining residual stresses, the two following proven strain gage based techno-logies are frequently used: the ring core method and the hole-drilling method. A com-mon feature of both methods is that, after installation of the strain gage rosettes ontothe workpiece, the residual stress condition is disturbed by a suitable action. In case ofthe ring core method this is done by cutting a circular groove around the strain gagerosette. In case of the hole-drilling method, a hole is drilled into the center of therosette.

Following this action, residual stresses cause strains on the surface of the workpiece,which are detected by the strain gage, and then used for calculating the residual stressstate. HBM’s product range provides three different methods for determining residualstresses.

Ring core methodThe XY51 rosettes (for residual stresses with known principal direction) and RY51 (forresidual stresses with unknown principal direction) are specifically designed for the ringcore method. This process enables high precision measurements to be taken and theresidual stresses to be represented in relation to the drilling depth.

Specifications:Resistance tolerance ±1%More specifications: see page 23

As these strain gages are covered by a print plate, they can be used on level or weakly curved surfaces only.




1-XY51-5/350 350 5 2.5 12 - 6.5 -0.197 0.098 0.472 -






1-RY51-5/350 350 5 2.5 12 - 4.5 -0.197 0.098 0.472 -


RY610°/45°/90° hole-drilling rosetteFor use with HBM drilling device RY 61Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)operating temperature range: 10°C… 60°C (50°F… 140°F)



RY210°/45°/90° hole-drilling rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)




SG for determination of residual stressHole-drilling method according to the integral method

Using RY21 or, particularly easy to handle, RY61 and the associated drilling device(page 76), it is possible to determine the residual stresses according to the integralmethod.

The result is the integral mean value of the residual stresses over the entire drilling depth.




(0.394)(0.079)




1-RY21-3/120 120 3 2.5 - 22 4.5 LS50.118 0.098 - 0.866




1-RY61-1.5/120 120 1.5 0.7 - 12 2 LS50.059 0.028 - 0.472


RY61K0°/45°/90° rectangular hole drilling rosettestrain gage with integrated solder tabs Temperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)




RY61S0°/45°/90° hole-drilling rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)(see p. 47).



Hole-drilling method by means of “High speed drilling“

The RY 61K, RY 61R, RY 61S, and VY 61S rosettes have been specifically designedfor the requirements of high speed drilling. This method uses a special drillingtechno-logy, with a speed of 300,000 rpm. This prevents new residual stressesfrom arising due to processing.

The resulting highly precise measurement values allow a very precise represen-tation of the residual stresses in relation to the drilling depth.

SG for determination of residual stress

VY61S0°/45°/90°/135° hole-drilling rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)



a

b

d

a

b

d

c

RY61R0°/45°/90° hole-drilling rosetteTemperature response matched to steelwith α = 10.8 · 10-6/K (6.0 · 10-6/°F)






1-RY61-1.5/120K 120 1.5 0.7 5.3 10.2 2 LS70.059 0.028 0.209 0.402




1-RY6x-1.5/120R** 120 1.5 0.72 13.5 8 2 LS70.059 0.028 0.531 0.315




1-RY61-1.5/120S 120 1.5 0.7 - 10.2 2 LS50.059 0.028 . 0.402




1-VY6x-1.5/120S** 120 1,5 0,7 - 10,2 2 LS50.059 0.028 - 0.402

a

b

c

d

(1) Solder terminals are not compulsory**= only available with temperature response matched to ferritic steel



MTS 3000... the system for automatically determining residual stress using strain gages

The strength behavior of components is influenced by residual stresses existing in thesecomponents without showing any visible signs. Therefore, the aim is to determine themechanical stresses in the components. With the hole-drilling method for determiningresidual stresses, a small hole of 1.6 mm (0.063 inch) diameter is drilled into the workpiece and strain gages are used to measure the resulting strain.

HBM offers both the required amplifier and the MTS 3000 system which enable this process to be implemented comfortably. The system uses a stepping motor which permits drilling at 300,000 rpm. The strain changes arising due to the step-by-step drilling of the hole into the work piece will be detected by a strain gage rosette specifically designed for this process.

Signal processing is performed digitally. In addition to system control functions, thesoftware package comprises four different evaluation algorithms which enable themechanical stresses to be computed from the measured strain. The entire measurementprocess is PC-controlled. This ensures a high degree of measurement reliability as well as optimum reproducibility.

RY61S special strain gage rosette

a bc

control system

amplifier(e.g. Spider8)

PC or notebook

RS 232 - interface/LPT1-interface

MTS 3000 components

compressed air

stepping motor

compressed air

drillingdevice

test specimen

SG. rosette

software

PCMCIADAQ card

PCI card

MTS 3000 componentsdrilling device

control system

software

PCI card orPCMCIA DAQ card



Complete measuring chain with amplifier and control and analysis PC

Spare turbine for MTS 3000:Order no.: 1-SINTT

Spare milling cutter MTS 3000:Order no.: 1-SINTBOrder no.: 1-SINTCT/1Order no.: 1-SINTCTI/1

Diamond milling cutter MTS 3000:Order no.: 1-SINTD

For more detailed information, please request our MTS 3000 data sheet.

MTS 3000 ... hole drilling method

Integral hole drilling methodRY 61 drilling device for hole drilling rosette 1-RY61-1,5/120The drilling device is used to apply the hole in the center of the installed hole drilling rosette. It comprises a magnetic holder, a centering pin, a shaft drill, and a universal coupling:Order no.: 1-RY61Spare drill for material hardness up to 30 HRC:Order no.: 1-8410.0019Carbide drill for material hardness up to 45 HRC:Order no.: 2-9219.9133





Contact us, we will produce customized strain gagesaccording to your requirements, already from quantitiesof 20 packages.Please use the request form included in our price list or send your request or layout direct via fax or e-mail to: [email protected]

Please also see our catalog “Strain Gages for Transducer Manufacturers”.

T strain gages

Diaphragm rosette strain gages

Half-bridge strain gages

Full-bridge strain gages

You have special requirements which cannot be met by a strain gagefrom our standard product range?

You are looking for a strain gage which is equivalent to the one youcurrently use?

You have designed your own strain gage?


The most common way in which strain gages are attached to the test object is bybonding. It is prerequisite to use application-specific adhesives that meet thefollowing requirements:• transmission (as much as possible without loss) of the deformations of the test

object to the strain gages• stable behavior across a temperature and strain range which is as wide as possible• strain gage and test object must not be chemically attacked

All adhesive packages from HBM include the adhesive and the accessories (such asTeflon foil) required for bonding and, in addition, a safety data sheet. Your criteriafor adhesive selection should be:• application temperature • material of the measuring body and recommendations for the relevant strain gage• requirements for long-term stability and reproducibility • surface roughness

Hot curing adhesivesHot curing adhesives can be used where the test object can be brought up to thecuring temperature. This is generally possible in the manufacture of transducers, butalso where installations can be made before machine assembly or where the machinecan be disassembled. Hot curing adhesives meet higher quality demands and can beused within a greater temperature range than cold curing adhesives.

Adhesive Description Suitable SG Pot lifeat room temperature (RT)

cold curing single component adhesiveZ 70 Cyanoacrylate optimum: Y, C, LD, LE, V ––Order no.: thin liquid residual stress strain gages1-Z 70 good: K, Gfor optional use with Z 70BCY 01 accelerator for Z 70

X 60 two component adhesive optimum: Y, C, LD, DA, V 5 minutesOrder no.: Polymethyl Methacrylate residual stress strain gages1-X 60 pasty, even on absorbent good: K, G, LS

or uneven surfaces

X 280 two component optimum: Y, C, LD, LE, V 30 minutesepoxy resin adhesive good: G, K

Order no.: for smooth and absorbent1-X 280 surfaces

hot curing two component EP 310 S epoxy resin adhesive optimum: Y, C, K, G, LD, LE 1 month (at RT)Order no.: thin liquid good: residual stress SG 6 months (at +2°C/+36°F)1-EP 310 S 12 months (at –32°C/-26°F)

EP 250 two component optimum: Y, C, K, G, LD, LE 24 hOrder no.: epoxy resin adhesive good: residual stress SG1-EP 250 pasty, even on absorbent

surfaces


SG accessories …bonding material

Z 70

X 60

X 280

EP 310 S

EP 250

BCY 01


Storage Curing Curing Contact pressure Temperature limits Delivery quantitytime temperature period3) N/mm2 (lbf/sq. in.) lower upper upper

absolute1) relative2)

6 months 5°C (41°F) 10 minutes thumb pressure –55°C (-67°F) +100°C (212°F) +120°C (248°F) 10 ml (0.34 liquid ounce, US)at –15°C (5°F): 20°C (68°F) 1 minute (temporarilyat least 2 years 30°C (86°F) 0.5 minutes -70°C (-94°F)

> 1 year 0°C (32°F) 60 minutes thumb pressure –200°C (-328°F) +60°C (140°F) +80°C (176°F) component20°C (68°F) 10 minutes A= 0.1 kg (0.22 lb)35°C (95°F) 2 minutes B = 80 ml (2.7 liquid ounce, US)

other quantitiessee price list

1 year at + 4°C (39°F) RT... 95°C (203°F) 8 h... 1 h 0.05... 2.0 –70°C (-94°F) +200°C (392°F) +280°C (536°F) 6 double(0.07... 2.90) pouches each

10 g = 60 g (0.35 oz = 2.12 oz)

6 months 95... 205°C 5 h... 0.5 h 0.1... 0.5 -270°C (-454°F) +260°C (500°F) +310°C (590°F) component(203°F... 401°F) (0.15... 0.73) A = 60 ml (2.0 liquid ounce, US)

B = 30 ml (1.0 liquid ounce, US)

1 year 95... 200°C 16 h... 0.5 h 0.1... 1.5 –240°C (-400°F) +250°C (428°F) +315°C (599°F) 5 double(203°F... 392°F) (0.15... 2.18) pouches each

10.5 g = 52.5 g (0.37 oz = 1.85 oz)


Cold curing adhesivesCold curing adhesives are easy to use and can be processed at minimum cost and eff-ort since they harden under normal ambient conditions. If they feature short curingtimes they are also called “superglue”. The preferred field of application is in experi-mental stress analysis. However, if the temperature around the measuring point is hig-her than about 80° C (176°F), we recommend to use a hot curing adhesive or a heatresistant, cold curing epoxy resin adhesive (X280).

Spot weld jointsSpot weld joints are only possible with the special strain gage of type LS 31, and if thetest object is of a weldable material. This method is particularly suitable for applica-tions where the cleanliness required for bonding cannot be guaranteed. Hardly any pre-parations are necessary and the installer needs very little previous experience. However,it is essential to follow the process instructions supplied with the strain gages.

SG accessories …bonding material

1) zero-point related measurement 2) non zero-point related measurement 3) curing conditions: relative humidily between 30-80%



The quality of a measuring point with strain gages is not only dependent on the strain gage itself but mainly on the type of installation and its implementation. A perfectly functioning measuring point requires a thorough preparation of the installation surface, careful bonding, correct connection, and a protective covering. It is therefore important to provide the user with all necessary aids. With its straingage accessories, the HBM product range offers everything necessary for a good strain gage installation.

Strain gage covering agentsIn general, it is recommended that strain gages be protected against external effectssuch as humidity or mechanical damage since even small fluctuations in the atmos-pheric humidity affect the measured signal of a strain gage. Suitable covering agents should have only minimum effects on the measuring point.Strain gage and test object must not be affected at all. Criteria for selecting the appropriate covering agent should be: application temperature, media surrounding the measuring point.

The following table will help in the selection of a suitable means of measuring pointprotection, which for special requirements can also be carried out in several layers. For instance, it would make sense to apply AK22, with - in extremely humid environ-ments - additional sealing by ABM 75. Caution: NG150 cannot be combined withPU120. Please ensure, in the case of multi-layer covering, that the second layer mayonly be applied after full curing of the first layer and that it should overlap on all sides. All HBM covering agents are supplied with a safety data sheet.

SG accessories ... strain gage covering agents


Strain gage Temperature range Package One package Application Curing Storage capability Componentscovering agent of resistance contents suffices for approx. method conditions at room

in air temperature

AK 22 –50°C... +170°C 1 kg 30 strain gages kneading on – unlimited viscous, kneadableviscous putty (-58°F... +338°F) (2.2 lb) by hand sticky puttyOrder no.: 1-AK 22

ABM 75 –196°C... +75°C 11 pcs. 200 strain gages pressing on – unlimited 0.05 mm thickaluminum foil (-321°F... +167°F) 205 mm x by hand aluminum foil, coatedc/w knead. compound 100 mm with 3 mm thickOrder no.: 1-ABM 75 (8.07 x 3.94 in.) kneading compound

NG 150 1) –269°C... +150°C 3 bottles 35 strain gages brush air drying max. 1 year one-componentnitrile rubber (-452°F... +302°F) c/w approx. application at room solvent containingOrder no.: 1-NG 150 25 cm3 each temperature nitrile rubber

(0.85 liquid ounce, US)

SG 250 –70°C... +250°C tube with 20 strain gages tube air drying 6 months transparenttransparent (-94°F... +482°F) approx. 85 g application at room one-component silicone rubber (3.0 oz) temperature solvent freeOrder no.: 1-SG 250 silicone rubber

PU 120 1) –40°C... +120°C 3 bottles 250 strain gages brush room temperature 1 year one-componentpolyurethane paint (-40°F... +248°F) c/w approx. application .... +100°C solvent containingOrder no.: 1-PU 120 30 ml each (... 212°F) polyurethane paint

(1.0 liquid ounce, US)

SL 450 –50°C... +450°C 3 bottles 90 strain gages brush in temperature 6 months transparenttransparent (-58°F... +842°F) c/w approx. application steps from solvent containingsilicone resin 25 g each 95°C... 315°C silicone resinOrder no.: 1-SL 450 (0.9 oz) (203°F... 599°F)



AK 22

ABM 75

NG 150

PU 120

SL 450

SG 250

1) Caution: PU120 cannot be combined with NG 150



Chemical resistance:Unless identified specifically, the resistance refers to room temperature. No information can be provided onlong term effects. The data is based on our own experience or was taken from literature. Since the specificconditions vary with each user, it is recommended individual users carry out their own tests on resistance.Some covering agents become milky when in contact with some chemicals.

1) low alcohol2) up to 5 % (destruction of aluminum foil)

conditional = conditionally resistant (minimum 10 days at RT)


Chemical substance AK 22 ABM 75 NG 150 SG 250 PU 120 SL 450

Exposure yes yes yes yes yes yes

Water: yes yes yes yes yes yeswater under pressure 400 bar (5,800 psi) yes – – – – –condensation – – – – yes –tropical climate – – – – yes –vapour no – – – – –

Oils: no no yes yes yes –engine oil RT/70°C (158°F) – – yes – – –mineral oil RT/70°C (158°F) – – yes – – –hydraulic oil RT/70°C (158°F) – – yes – – –

Fats – – – – yes –

Solvents general no conditional conditional no conditional conditional

Fuels: no no yes no – –petrol no no yes no – –kerosene – – yes – – –

Aromatic substances/aliphatic mixtures – – conditional – – –

Aromatic substances: no no conditional no conditional nobenzene – – no – – –toluene no no conditional no yes noxylene no no conditional no conditional no

Chlorinated solvents: no no no no no nodichloromethane no no no no no nocarbon tetrachloride – – no – – –perchloroethylene – – no – – –1.2-dichloroethane – – no – – –o-dichlorobenzene – – no – – –

Alcohols: conditional yes conditional conditional conditional1) yesethyl alcohol conditional yes conditional conditional conditional yesmethyl glycole – – no – conditional –butyl alcohol – – conditional – conditional –iso-propyl alcohol – – conditional – conditional –ethylene glycole – – yes – – –

Ketone: conditional conditional no no no conditionalacetone conditional conditional no no no yesmethyl ethyl ketone (MEK) no no no no no conditional

Terpene: – – conditional – – –dipenten – – conditional – – –turpentine – – yes – – –

Acids: no conditional2) conditional yes no yeshydrochloric conc. no – conditional yes no yessulphuric acid 50 % no – yes yes no yesacetic acid 50 % no – no yes no conditionalnitric acid 50 % no – no yes no yesoleic acid conc. – – yes – – –lactic acid conc. – – conditional – – –air which contains acid – – – – yes –

Lyes: conditional conditional2) conditional no conditional yessodium hydroxide 10 % conditional – no no no yespotassium hydroxide 10 % – – no – – –ammonia 28 % – – conditional – – –air which contains alkaline – – – – yes –

Liquified gases (except oxygen) – – yes – – –

UV resistance yes yes yes yes yes –

Chemical resistance of HBM covering agents



SG accessories ... cleaning solvents, aids for bonding and soldering

Cleaning solvent RMS 1Satisfactory bonding joints are only achieved if the adhesive covers the bonded surfa-ces well. Therefore, the application surfaces must be cleaned prior to bonding with achemically pure solvent and a clean cleaning pad. RMS 1 is an environmentallyfriendly mixture of Isopropanol and Acetone which dissolves all normal contamination.One packing unit contains 1 l cleaning agent and 500 cleaning pads.Order no.: 1-RMS 1

Teflon foil33 m (108 ft) Teflon foil on reel, suitable for cold curing and hot curing strain gagebonding. The Teflon foil prevents other material except the strain gage from bondingto the component.Thickness: 0.05 mm (0.002 inch), width: 60 mm (2.36 inch)Order no.: 1-Teflon

Flux penSoldering aid in felt pen format helps to achieve perfect small soldering connections.Suitable for solders with melting points up to 350°C (662°F). The flux pen containsnon-corrosive flux without chloride.Package contents: 5 pcs.Order no.: 1-FS 01

Polyimide tape33 m (108 ft) heat resistant tape, 19 mm (0.75 inch) in width. Suitable for all standardstrain gage installation procedures to ensure safe positioning of the strain gage on theworkpiece.Temperature resistant up to 270°C (518°F)Order no.: 1-Klebeband

Cleaning padsCellulose for cleaning of test objects prior to strain gage installation.Format 5 cm x 5 cm (1.97 inch x 1.97 inch). Package contents: 500 pcs.Order no.: 1-8402.0026

Cleaning solvent dispenserIn order to avoid contamination of the solvent in the course of time, we recommendto use the RSP 120 cleaning agent dispenser.Order no.: 1-RSP 120

Resin cored solderResin cored solder as used in strain gage applications. Soldering wire Ø 0.5 mm (0.03 inch)consisting of solder S-SN60Pb38Cu2 with resin core, type F-SW32. The flux isnon-corrosive. Conversion to lead-free solder is scheduled for 2006.Melting range: 183° C to 190° C (361°F to 374°F). Delivery form: 1 kg (2.2 lb) on reelOrder no.: 1-Lot

Cleaning solvent dispenser

Flux pen



SG accessories ... solder terminals

LS2bronze soldering tag on teflon carrier suitable for dynamic loadsattachement to test object: bondingusable up to 180°C (356°F), for short periods up to 260°C (500°F)

LS7/5/4copper, nickel-plated, on polyimide attachment to test object: bondingusable up to 180°C (356°F), for short periods up to 260°C (500°F)

LS212copper nickel-plated on polyimideattachement to test object: bondingusable up to 180°C (356°F), for short periods up to 260°C (500°F)

LS224copper nickel-plated on polyimideattachement to test object: bondingusable up to 180°C (356°F), for short periods up to 260°C (500°F)

For strain gages with leads or wires,solder terminals should be installedbetween the connecting cables and thestrain gage itself. This facilitates theperfect soldering joint and providesstrain relief of the strain gage connec-tions. The solder terminals are installedin the same manner as the strain gagesonto the test object. HBM offers solderterminals in different designs anddimensions.

LS 2

LS4LS 212

LS 224

LS 5

LS 7

Order no. Dimensions (mm/inch)

Soldering tag Carrier Distance Contents per package

a b c d t

1-LS 2 2,5 14 72 20 4 36 pairs0.098 0.551 2.835 0.787 0.157



a b c d t

1-LS 7 1 3 20 6 2 125 pairs0.039 0.118 0.787 0.236 0.079

1-LS 5 1.5 4.5 35 10 2.5 125 pairs0.059 0.177 1.378 0.394 0.098

1-LS 4 2.5 6.5 50 13 4 125 pairs0.098 0.256 1.969 0.512 0.157



a b c d t

1-LS 212 3.7 6 47,5 8 1 125 pairs0.146 0.236 1.870 0.315 0.039



a b c d t

1-LS 224 6.5 6 45 8 1 75 pairs0.256 0.236 1.772 0.315 0.039



SG accessories ... cables and stranded wires

PVC ribbon cablePVC insulated ribbon cable consisting of six leads each with a cross section of 0.14 mm2 (0.0002 sq. in.), 50 m (164 ft) per reel, resistance 0.131 Ω/m (0.04 Ω/ft).Order no.: 1-3133.0034

Paint insulated copper wirePolyurethane-insulated copper wire with a cross section of 0.04 mm2 (6.2 · 10-5 sq. in.),25 m (82 ft) in length.Order no.: 1-CULD01

Jumper wireTeflon insulated jumper wire with a cross section of 0.05 mm2 (7.75 · 10-5 sq. in.), yellow, 100 m (328 ft) per reel, resistance 0.34 Ω/m (0.104 Ω/ft).Order no.: 1-3130.0239-G

Very flexible stranded wireFor internal, exposed wiring of transducers; cross section of 0.04 mm2 (6.2 · 10-5 sq. in.)(multi-wire) and 0.6 mm (0.024 inch) outer diameter, resistance 0.417 Ω/m (0.127 Ω/ft),permissible temperature +70°C (158°F), 25 m (82 ft) per reel, PVC insulation.Order no. 1-SLI 01

Flexible stranded wireTeflon-insulated flexible stranded wire with a cross section of 0.24 mm2 (0.0004 sq. in.)(multi-wire) and an outside diameter of 0.9 mm (0.035 inch), 100 m (328 ft) per reel,resistance 0.0741 Ω/m (0.023 Ω/ft).blue Order no.: 1-3301.0092-Bgreen Order no.: 1-3301.0091-Grwhite Order no.: 1-3301.0094-Wblack Order no.: 1-3301.0088-Sred Order no.: 1-3301.0089-R

Designation Insulation Thermal resistance Chemical resistance Typical application

Flexible stranded wire Teflon –200... +260 °C resistant against nearly all for internal connection of 1-3301.0088-S (-328°F... +500°F) chemicals. strain gage bridges or for 1-3301.0089-R except: contacting from strain gage 1-3301.0091-Gr elementary fluoride, chlorine through to solder terminal1-3301.0092-B trifluoride, molten alkali metals1-3301.0094-W

Jumper wire Teflon –200... +260 °C see flexible stranded wire see flexible stranded wire1-3130.0239-G (-328°F... +500°F)

Very flexible PVC short period 105 °C (221°F) non resistant against: for internal connection of thestranded wire permanent ... 70 °C (... 158°F) ester, chlorinated hydrocarbons, strain gages in the transducer1-SLI 01 ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons,

benzene, liquid halogens, nitric acid conc., depending on the softener used, also aqueous solutions

PVC ribbon cable PVC short period 105 °C (221°F) see very flexible stranded wire see very flexible stranded wire1-3133.0034 permanent ... 90 °C (194°F)

Paint insulated Polyurethane short period 120 °C (248°F) non resistant against: for internal connection of thecopper wire permanent -40...80 °C strong acids, strong lyes, strain gages in the transducer1-CULD 01 permanent(-40°F... +176°F) alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons,

saturated vapor, hot water



SG accessories ... cable and stranded wire

Shielded Kab4.1/00-3

Inexpensive cable for con-nection of 1/4 bridges inthree-wire circuit CF 600 Hz < 50 m (164 ft); CF 4.8 kHz < 20 m (65 ft)

gray

3

4.1 (0.161)

0.14 (0.006)

PVC

PVC

0.130 (0.04)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

110 (33.5 pF/ft)

110 (33.5 pF/ft)

-20... 80 (-4... +176)

x

x

4-3131.0017

Kab8/00-4

Very low-capacitance cable with low line resistances, therefore suitable for long distances

gray

4

8 (0.215)

0.26 (0.010)

PE

PVC

0.075 (0.0229)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

67 (20.4 pF/ft)

67 (20.4 pF/ft)

-35... 80 (-31... +176)

x

x

4-3133.0023

Kab7/00-4

Wide temperature range and good chemical resistance. If CF amplifiersare used, the usable cablelength is reduced CF 600 Hz < 50 m (164 ft); CF 4.8 kHz <20 m (65 ft)

gray

4

6.5 (0.256)

0.5 (0.020)

Teflon

silicone

0.040 (0.0122)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

140 (42.7 pF/ft)

140 (42.7 pF/ft)

-50... 180 (-58... +356)

x

x

4-3131.0048

Kab9/00-4

See KAB7/00-4, however, with lower line resistance, therefore, wider range iflow-frequency CF amplifiersor DC amplifiers are used

gray

4

8.8 (0.346)

1.25 (0.049)

Teflon

silicone

0.014 (0.00427)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

140 (42.7 pF/ft)

140 (42.7 pF/ft)

-50... 180 (-58... +356)

x

x

4-3131.0012

Kab5/00-4

Low-capacitance, therefore also suitable for CF ampli-fiers and longer distances. Very thin, predestined for geometrically critical circumstances

gray

4

5 (0.197)

0.17 (0.007)

PE

PVC

0.106 (0.305)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

80 (24.4 pF/ft)

80 (24.4 pF/ft)

-35... 80 (-31... +176)

x

x

4-3133.0002

Type

Notes

Sheath color

No. of cores

Outside diameter mm (inch)

Core cross section mm (inch)

Insulation material (core)

Sheath material

Resistance Ω/m (Ω/ft)

Insulation resistance (core-core) Ω/m (Ω/ft)

Capacitance (core-core) pF/m

Capacitance (core-shield)pF/m

Temperature range °C (°F)

1/4-bridges in 3-wire circuit, half bridges without sensinglead connected

1/4-bridges in 4-wire circuit, full bridges without sensing lead connected

Half bridges; full bridges withsensing lead connected

Order no.

Minimum order quantity: 10 m (32.8 ft) For more information please refer to our Price List (load cells, transducers, amplifiers, data acquisition and software)



SG accessories ... cable and stranded wire

cableKab5.4/00-6

Inexpensive 6-wire cable for uncritical applications CF 600 Hz < 50 m (164 ft); CF 4.8 kHz <20 m (65 ft)

gray

6

5.4 (0.213)

0.14 (0.006)

PE

PVC

0.130 (0.04)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

82 (25 pF/ft)

82 (25 pF/ft)

-30... 85 (-22... +185)

x

4-3131.0071

Kab6.5/00-6-TPE

See Kab5.4/00-6, however, with extended temperature range

gray

6

6.5 (0.256)

0.25 (0.010)

TPE

TPE

0.077 (0.0235)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

100 (30.5 pF/ft)

100 (30.5 pF/ft)

-50... 120 (-58... +248)

x

4-3301.0115

Kab6.5/00-6-SIL

Chemically resistant cablewith extended temperaturerange. Reduced capacitance andlow resistance, therefore,suitable for longer distances

gray

6

6.5 (0.256)

0.25 (0.010)

Teflon

silicone

0.080 (0.0244)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

100 (30.5 pF/ft)

100 (30.5 pF/ft)

-50... 180 (-58... +356)

x

4-3301.0108

Kab4.2/00-6-PUR

Special cable for use in the soil CF 600 Hz < 50 m (164 ft); CF 4.8 kHz <20 m (65 ft))

black

6

4.2 (0.165)

0.15 (0.006)

TPE

PUR

approx. 0.120 (0.0366)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

95 (42.7 pF/ft)

140 (42.7 pF/ft)

-50... 125 (-58... +257)

x

4-3301.0151

Kab8/00-2/2/2

Quad-shielded cable twisted in pairs, also suitable for longer distances and higher-frequency CF amplifiers

gray

6

7.5 (0.295)

0.14 (0.006)

PE

PVC

0.138 (0.0421)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

75 (22.9 pF/ft)

130 (39.6 pF/ft)

-30... 70 (-22... +158)

x

4-3301.0071

Kab8/00-2/2/2 SIC

See Kab8/00-2/2/2, however, better chemicalresistance

gray

6

7.5 (0.295)

0.14 (0.006)

PE

silicone

0.138 (0.0421)

1012 (0.305 · 1012)

75 (22.9 pF/ft)

130 (39.6 pF/ft)

-30... 70 (-22... +158)

x

4-3301.0169


Specifications TO 3 resistance meter

measuring range MΩ 0 – 50,000

number of measuring ranges 16

minimum resistance that can be read off Ω 20

measuring voltages V 2.5; 10; 25 and 50, dep. on measuring range

open circuit voltage 1.1 x UN max.

display analog display with mirror scale, scale length 110 mm (4.33 inch)

application position horizontal

accuracy class 2.5 (IEC publication 51)

adjustment time, max. s 4

operating temperature range °C (°F) 0...40 (32..104) 30% up to 60% rel. humidity

temperature error %/10K (18°F) ±1.5

batteries 6 pcs. 1.5 V, rod batteries (type IEC LR 14)

number of measurements approx. 2,000 with a single battery set

protection class per EN 60529 (IEC 529) IP 50 (measuring mechanism), IP 20 (other parts)

safety EN 61010-1 class 2, (tested at 1 kV AC / 1 min.)

conformity (CE mark) EN 45014, EN 50081-1, EN 50082-1, EN 61010-1, IEC 51, IEC 529, VDE 0410

housing plastic, impact resistant, with carrier strap

dimensions mm (inch) 205 x 128 x 100 (8.07 x 5.04 x 3.94)

weight, approx. kg (lb) 1 (2.2)

Bridge completionsBridge completion resistors are connected to the strain gages of a measuring point to form the Wheatstone bridge circuit. In accordance with the nominal strain gageresistances, HBM offers different resistance values.2 x 120 Ω, Order no.: 3-3054.03342 x 350 Ω, Order no.: 3-3054.0282

TO 3 resistance meterThe TO 3 is an electronic measuring unit (ohmmeter and megohmmeter) for determi-ning resistances within the range of 0 to 50 G Ω. This pocket megohmmeter has beendesigned, and is particularly suitable, for fast checking of the insulation resistance ofstrain gage installations and strain gage resistances in the field and in service.It features a total of 16 measuring ranges for insulation resistance and throughputmeasurements. Four self-adjusting measuring voltages (50 V, 25 V, 10 V, and 2.5 V)enable adaptation to the measuring task in hand and prevent any possible destructionof a specimen by a test voltage which is too high. The megohmmeter is accommoda-ted in a solid plastic housing complete with carrying handle, and it is supplied with aprotective bag and two measuring cables.Order no.: 1-TO3


SG accessories ... bridge completion, resistance meter


Contents of DAK 2

1 Ersa soldering iron (16 W)1 flat brush1 folding magnifying glass

(6 times)1 graduated ruler, 150 mm (5.91 inch)1 glass fiber erasing brush,

plus 1 spare brush1 pair of scissors, toothed1 pair of pointed scissors1 wide pair of tweezers1 pointed pair of tweezers1 flexible ruler, 300 mm (11.81 inch)1 dental probe with bent tip1 cement spatula1 cutting pliers with wire

strippers

1 Petri dish 60/151 scalpel holder,

plus 6 blades10 m ribbon cable(32.8 ft)

6 x 0.14 mm2 (6 x 0.0002 sq. in.),multi-colored

25 g solder diameter Ø 1 mm (0.039 in.)(0.88 oz)1 flux pen1 roll of Scotch tape1 rubber1 HBM pen1 each sheet of corundum cloth

grain size 180/220/360100 cm3 cleaning agent RMS 1(3.38 liquid ounce, US)200 cleaning pads

50 x 50 mm (1.97 x 1.97 inch)


SG accessories ... installation case

DAK 2 strain gage installation caseThe DAK 2 strain gage installation case contains all tools and aids required for straingage installations. It is portable and lockable. In the bottom part of the DAK 2 there is empty space for various adhesives and other uses, below the removable insert.Dimensions: 470 x 170 x 360 mm (18.50 x 6.69 x 14.17 inch)Weight: approx. 6 kg (13.23 lb)(incl. standard scope of delivery)Order no.: 1-DAK 2

DAK 1 strain gage starter kitThe DAK1 starter kit is convenient to use, contains the equipment needed for installingstrain gages for the first time and provides an easy introduction to strain gage techno-logy. The specialized book by Karl Hoffmann, an experienced specialist in strain gagetechnology, provides comprehensive know-how both on the installation and wiring ofstrain gages and on the evaluation of measured values.For the first pratical steps it includes: strain gages, solder terminals, cleaning agents and cleaning pads, emery cloth, the cold curing adhesives X60 and Z70, stranded connection wires, 2 agents for measuring point protection: AK22 and ABM75

Because DAK1 has been used in company-internal strain gage and instrumentation seminars for many years, the contents of this kit has been constantly optimized.Order no.: 1-DAK1

Contents of DAK 110 LY11-6/120A SG1 Z 701 X 601 AK 221 ABM 75

Solder terminalsStranded connection wireEmery clothRMS 1Cleaning padsSolder

1 Specialized book„An Introduction to Measurements using Strain Gages“

1 Petri dish



With its catman family HBM provides the complete measurement chain – the complete solution from strain gages right through to the software.

The amplifier is set up by simply assigning the strain gage or sensor from the sensor database.

Already during the measurement, the comprehensive mathematics library enables strain gage rosettes to be analyzed online.

HBM-software .HBM-software ... for stress analysis

catman®

catman®EasyEasy data acquisition software

Quick results thanks to modern and intuitive user interface

Library for experimental stress analysis

Graphical data analysis with optionalexport of curves (e.g. Word)

Data export in commonly used formats (Excel, ASCII, DIAdem)

catman®ProfessionalThe complete solution for mea-surement, visualization, analysisand documentation

Free definition of individual interfacesfor visualization and reports

Mathematical analysis (signal analysis, statistics, etc.)

Automation of individual measure-ment sequences

Development of your own applica-tions using catman Script

Open ActiveX interface

catman®EnterpriseComfortable configuration ofup to 10,000 channels

Client/server architecture for distributed data access over a network

Online data distribution to several client PCs

Comprehensive trigger functions (e.g. reference curve or limit trigger)

Complete measurement run reported in a log file

Automatic check of all strain gage measuring points

Trend analysis



... for stress analysis

n®-family


MGCplus Modular computer-controllable measuring amplifier system for universal applications

stand-alone amplifier modules for all standard measurement quantities different computer interfaces (RS232, Ethernet, USB, CANbus, ProfibusDP) parallel synchronous data aquisition of up to 128 channels per device sampling rate of up to 19,200 measured values / sec. / channel 24 bit resolution can be operated manually via operating panel or computer stand-alone data acquisition on PC-Card hard disk proven HBM technology also with 8-channel modules quarter, half- and full bridge connection patented transducer identification technology, T-ID and TEDS

CANHEADAmplifier module for installation close to the measuring point and for data transfervia standard CANbus system. A maximum of 10 strain gages per CANHEAD amplifiermodule and up to 12 CANHEADs can be connected to one CANbus line. Installationcosts can be reduced by a ratio of 10:1.

CANHEAD includes two components:

intelligent base module for strain gage wiring

amplifier module for the amplifying and processing of measured signals



MGCplusamplifier sys-tem from HBM

CANHEAD CANHEAD CANHEAD

MGCplus (ML74)

Strain gages in 3-wire circuit

CANbus + power supply

Connectionmodule

Connectionmodule

Connectionmodule



Spider8 and Spider8-30PC measurement electronics with 4 carrier frequency amplifiers. Spider8 can be retrofitted with SR55 (4.8 kHz) and SR01 (DC module), Spider 8-30 can be retrofittedwith SR30 (600 Hz) and SR01 (max. 8 channels per device).

Voltage supply via power pack or 10 to 16 V/DC Sensor supply, signal adaptation, A/D conversion, digital filter and computer

interface in EMC tested housing High sampling rate at 16 bit resolution Parallel and serial interface for parameterization of the device and data acquisition.

Connection, for example, via parallel printer port of the computer; optionally viaUSB adaptor. No PC interference required 8 devices can be cascaded via parallel interfaces Can be combined with laptop computer for mobile applications

Scout55Single channel universal amplifier with carrier frequency 4.8 kHz for strain gage half-and full bridges, inductive half- and full bridges, LVDT, piezo-resistive and potentiome-tric transducers

Serial interface signal output and full parameterization

Interactive control via LCD display

T-IDIn experimental stress analysis with large numbers of measuring points, strain gagesare identified using T-ID modules. An unambiguous, 64-bit-long identification numberwritten on the T-ID module in a non-erasable format is read off through the samecable connections that are also used for transmission of the analog measurement sig-nals. Thanks to the patented wiring technique, the additional digital information pro-cessing does not affect the highly sensitive and precise analog measurement signal.

Similar to the solder terminals, T-ID modules can be located in the direct vicinity ofthe strain gage. HBM software enables alias names to be assigned to the identificationnumbers and LEDs on the T-ID modules to be driven which facilitates locating of individual strain gages.



Literature, teaching pack,


Specialized book“An Introduction to Measurements Using Strain Gages“.A practical introduction into this specialist area of measurement technology with afocus on how to avoid or correct measuring errors. Order no. 1-Hoffm. Buch-D (German)

1-Hoffm. Buch-E (English)

Strain gage teaching packThe strain gage teaching pack provides a multimedia introduction to the installation ofstrain gages. The film explains the competent installation of strain gages by means ofcold curing and hot curing adhesives.In addition, the tips and tricks shown can be read in the manuscript and in the specia-lized book “An Introduction to Measurements Using Strain Gages“.Order no.: 1-DMS-Lernpaket

SeminarsLearning by rote is not our style. HBM offers you practical basic and advanced trainingin the field of the electrical measurement of mechanical quantities. By means ofhands-on lectures, the basics will first be explained and demonstrated, and then usedin practice in subsequent training courses. Theory and practice sessions alternate seve-ral times during the course of the seminar, in order to discuss and clarify questions -which usually first occur in practical application sessions - in the next theory block.

Our concept offers the right seminar for everybody – ranging from the free one-daylecture through workshops up to 1-week seminars.

Literature, teaching pack, seminars, CD ROM


, seminars, CD ROM


DKBasics of strain gage bonding and measuring technology Target group: Specialist personnel, master tradesmen or engineers who want to imple-ment strain gage installations independently and under their own responsibility.

DMStrain gage measuring technology in the manufacture of transducers and in experi-mental stress analysisTarget group: Users from all specialist disciplines who want to carry out measurementsby means of strain gages.

For more detailed information on our seminars on HBM device technology and soft-ware and all seminar dates, please visit our homepage at www.hbm.com. Or requestour seminar program from [email protected].

It is of course possible to implement all seminars that are offered in our seminarcenter at Darmstadt directly on your own premises. On request, we will modify ourseminars in order to enable us to offer a target-oriented basic and advanced training.

e-Strain Gage CatalogElectronic order catalog and manual for strain gagesThe e-Strain Catalog to makes it as easy for you to search for and order strain gages.The CD-ROM contains: Help and assistance on to strain gage selection, Installation notes Tips and tricks in strain gage handling, The option of generating a legally binding strain gage quotation by yourself

as well as to print out the appropriate order The film “The correct installation of strain gages using our

Z70 superglue”.

To request your free e-Strain Catalog CD, please send an e-mail to [email protected]



We provide you with these valuable services:

Strain gage installation- Planning support- Installation of strain gages, additional sensors and amplifiers- Taking and logging of measurements

Special transducers- Applications engineers design and develop special transducers in

cooperation with you, these are built, applied and tested at HBM

Measuring machine parts- Machine parts are fitted with strain gages and thus become

transducers adapted to your measurement task

Commissioning of HBM measuring equipment

Customized adapted system solutions for data acquisition and processing

System calibrations including calibration certificate

Benefit from over 50 years experience in application know-how

SG installation service ...for you from us



Our experienced service engineers ...

Come

Consult

Install

Measure

Calibrate

at your site or at HBM

Contact us:

Strain gage in servicesTel.: +49 8000 182388Email to [email protected]

For customers in North an South America,please contact:Tel.: +1 800-578-4260

+1 508-624-4500Fax: +1 508-485-7480Email to [email protected]




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EuropeHottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH:Im Tiefen See 45, 64293 Darmstadt, GermanyTel. +49 6151 8030, Fax +49 6151 8039100Email: [email protected]: www.hbm.com

North and South AmericaHBM, Inc., 19 Bartlett Street, Marlborough, MA 01752, USATel. +1-800-578-4260 / +1-508-624-4500, Fax +1-508-485-7480Email: [email protected]

AsiaHottinger Baldwin Measurement (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.106 Heng Shan Road, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, PR ChinaTel. (+86) 512 68247776, Fax (+86) 512 68259343Email: [email protected]

Argentina: I.S.P.I.S.A., I.S. Proveedores de Industrias S.A., Ameghino 3321 – (B1674AGO), Sáenz Peña, 1674 Buenos Aires,Tel. (+54)11 47571839, Fax (+54)11 47571839 ext.39Email: [email protected] Australia: *Rinstrum, 41 Success Street, Acacia Ridge, Qld. 4110, P.O. Box 300, Archerfield, Qld. 4108,Tel. (+61) 7 3216 7166, Fax (+61) 7 3216 6211Email: [email protected] Web: www.rinstrum.comAustria: Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH,Lemböckgasse 63/2/2, A-1230 WienTel. (+43) 1 865 84 41, Fax (+43) 1 865 84 41-420Email: [email protected] provinces (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania): ISOmetrija SIA, Mukusalas iela 42, LV-1004 Riga, Tel. (+371) 76 14 427, Fax (+371) 76 15 140Email: [email protected]: refer to NetherlandsBrazil: HBM do Brasil Ltda, Rua José de Carvalho, 55 São Paulo, SP, 04714-020 Brazil,Tel. (+55) 11 5188 8193, Fax (+55) 11 5182 5339Email: [email protected]: Sigmametro EOOD, Bistar Potok Str. 30, 1641 Sofia,Tel. (+359) 2 9515172, Fax (+359) 2 9516680Email: [email protected]: refer to HBM, Inc., USAChile: CELESTRON, Eliodoro Yañez 1231, Providencia, Santiago,Tel. (+56) 2 2640404, Fax (+56) 2 2641434Email: [email protected]: B.C.I., Básculas comerciales e Industriales Ltda., Kra. 56 B #46-40, Barrio Salitre-Greco, Bogota, Tel. (57) 1 3157572, Fax (+57) 1 3156457Email: [email protected]: refer to SloveniaCzech Republic and Slovakia:HBP, Ing. Ivan Wasgestian, Podskalska 7, CZ-128 00 Praha 2, Tel. (+42) 0224 921861, 0224912437, Fax (+42) 02 24 91 36 57Email: [email protected]: NORIS Måleteknik ApS, Nydamsvej 19D, 8362 Hørning,Tel. (+45) 87 68 05 00, Fax (+45) 87 68 05 01Email: [email protected]: **SOI Scientific Office for Instruments, P.O. Box 262; Sidi Gaber, El Horia Avenue behind 330 Sidi Gaber Alexandria,Tel. (+203) 522 5080, Fax (+203) 546 5412Email: [email protected]: Oy Transmotec Ab, c/o Jyrki Peltonen, Tupamäenkuja 7,21330 Paattinen, Finland,Tel. (+358) 50 4626653, Fax (+358) 22 579378 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.transmotec.fiFrance: HBM France SAS, 46 rue du Champoreux, BP 76,F-91542 Mennecy Cedex,Tel. (+33) 1 69 90 63 70, Fax (+33) 1 69 90 63 80Email: [email protected]

*= for Weighing components**= for Industrial Measurement components

Greece: NETSCOPE Solutions S.A.4, Lachana Str., 14342 N. Filadelfia,Tel. (+30) 210 27 24 107, Fax (+30) 210 27 11 999Email: [email protected]: www.netscope.grHong Kong: refer to HBM (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., PR ChinaHungary: HB Mérnöki Iroda, Ákos Teleki, Szolo u. 27-29, P.O. Box 81, H-2101 Gödöllö,Tel. (+36) 28 430 209, Fax (+36) 28 430 115Email: [email protected]: www.hbmiroda.hu Iceland: refer to NorwayIndia: IPS, Integrated Process Systems, 9 MP Avenue, Santhome, Chennai-600 004,Tel. (+91) 44 2498 17 86, 44 2498 00 91 + 92Fax (+91) 44 2498 17 90Email: [email protected]: refer to HBM (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., PR ChinaIreland: refer to UKIsrael: **Elina Technologies Ltd., P.O. Box 11475, 3 Hametzuda St,, Ind. Area Azur, Azur 58001,Tel. (+972) 3 559 0277, Fax (+972) 3 559 0360Email: [email protected]: HBM Italia s.r.l., Via Pordenone, 8, I-20132 Milano,Tel. (+39) 02 45 47 16 16, Fax (+39) 02 45 47 16 72Email: [email protected]: Spectris Co., Ltd. HBM Division, Saitama Urawa Bld., 8F, 2-2-3 Takasago, Urawa-Ku, Saitama City, Saitama Pref., 330-0063 Japan,Tel. (+81) 48 814 0251, Fax (+81) 48 814 0252Email sales: [email protected] support: [email protected]: www.hbm.com/jpKorea: Spectris Korea Co. Ltd. / HBM Team,#463-825, 8F Turboteck Bldg. 16-6 Sunae-Dong, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-City, Kyeonggi-Do, Korea Tel. (+82) 31-786-0860~4, Fax (+82) 31-786-0865E-Mail: [email protected]: www.hbmkorea.co.krLiechtenstein: refer to SwitzerlandLuxembourg: refer to Netherlands Malaysia: refer to HBM (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., PR ChinaMexico: ByASA – Básculas y automatizaciones S.A.,Vereda Nacional No. 7, Prol. Mar Rojo, Col. Popotla,Mexico D.F. CP 11400,Tel. (+52) 5 553419999, Fax (+52) 5 553417981Email: [email protected]: AUTEREP195, Boulevard Emile Zola N°8, 3ème Etage, Belvédère 20300 Casablanca MarocTel: (+212) 22 24 73 44, Fax: (+212) 22 24 79 74Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web: www.auterep.comNetherlands: HBM Benelux, Laan van Westroijen 2F-G, NL-4003 AZ Tiel, Postbus 6035, NL-4000 HA Tiel,Tel. (+31) 344 67 3434, Fax (+31) 344 67 3435Email: [email protected]: IAF Maaleteknikk AS,P.B. 254, Kapellveien 18, N-1411 Kolbotn,Tel. (+47) 66 82 31 60, Fax (+47) 66 82 31 61Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.iaf.noPoland: Biuro Inzynierskie M. Zajaczkowskiul. Krauthofera 16, PL 60-203 Poznan,Tel. + Fax (+48) 61 66 25 666Email: [email protected]: www.bimzajac.com.plPortugal: HBM Ibérica, S.L.Sucursal, Av. Tomás Ribeiro, Ed. de Escritórios, Quinta do Jamor, Gabinete 3, 2795-891 Queijas,Tel. (+351) 214 182 126, Fax (+351) 214 182 127Email: [email protected]: Spectromas SrlOffice Bukarest: Str. Horia Macelariu nr. 18, Bl.20/1A, Sc.C,Parter, Ap.30, RO-013936 Bucuresti, Sector 1,Tel. (+40) 21 2325791, Fax (+40) 21 2325131Email: [email protected] Cluj-Napoca: Dipl. Eng. Dragos MunteanStr. Donath 17, Bloc M2, Scara 2, Ap. 14, 3400 Cluj-Napoca,Tel. + Fax (+40) 264 586426Email: [email protected]: www.spectromas.ro

Russia (West): *KWT, Kaschirskoje Schosse, 23, Strojenije 5, Off.1. (A/JA 314), RUS-125009 Moskau, Tel. (+7) 495 743 6827 + 8362, Fax (+7) 495 980 1350Email: [email protected]: www.hbmwt.ru**Messtechnik MoskauA/ja (post-Box) 63, RUS-125047 Moskau,Tel. (+7) 495 787 11 84, Fax (+7) 495 787 11 83Email: [email protected]: www.messtechnik.ruRussia (Sibiria): *Cestus Ltd., Lenina pr., 152-B, 116 Kemerovo, 650065. Russia,Tel. + Fax (+7) 3842 36 28 12Email: [email protected]: refer to HBM (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., PR ChinaSlovenia and Croatia: TRC, Vreckova 2, SLO-4000 Kranj, Tel. (+386) 4 235 83 10, Fax (+386) 4 235 83 11Email: [email protected] Africa: Elexsys (Pty) Ltd.Boompies Street, P.O. Box 6007,Parow East 7501, Western Cape Province, Tel. (+27) 21 930-0214, Fax. (+27) 21 930-8685 Email: [email protected]: www.elexsys.co.zaSpain: HBM Ibérica, S. L., Avda. de los Encuartes, 19, E-28760 Tres Cantos (Madrid)Tel. (+34) 91 806 2610, Fax (+34) 91 804 9327Email: [email protected] Sweden: Metrolink Scandinavia AB, Reprovägen 6, S-183 77 Täby,Tel. (+46) 87 56 23 33, Fax (+46) 87 56 23 47Email: [email protected]: www.metrolink.seSwitzerland: Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik AGChriesbaumstrasse 6, CH-8604 Volketswil, Tel. (+41) 44 943 60 80, Fax (+41) 44 943 60 81Email: [email protected]üro Yverdon: Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik SARoute de Bellevue 11, 1400 Yverdon-les-bains,Tel. (+41) 24 426 72 80, Fax (+41) 24 426 72 85Syria: *Charbek & Harirah Est., Al-Taweel Building, New Clock Square, P.O. Box 4439, Homs / Syria,Tel. (+963) 31 226 577, Fax (+963) 31 222 020Email: [email protected]: Tolsolution weighing & measurement Ent., General Manager Tony Liu,9F-2, No. 240, Sec. 2, Ta-Tung Rd., Hsi-Chi Town,Taipei Hsien, Taiwan R.O.C.,Tel. (+886) 2 2649 7330, Fax (+886) 2 2649 7335Email: [email protected]: **Dynistec Co Ltd., 32/92 Moo 8, Nuanchan Road,Klongkum, Bungkum, Bangkok 10230,Tel. (+66) 2 9461735 7, Fax (+66) 2 8410039Email: [email protected]: SCOPIA , 24 Bis, Rue Said Abou Baker, 1001 Tunis,Tel. (+216) 71 25 66 96, Fax (+216) 71 33 27 06 Email: [email protected]: Sensor Teknolojileri Ltd. Sti., Ziyabey Cad.13. Sk. No: 22/1, 06520 Balgat / Ankara,Tel. (+90) 312 284 9723, Fax (+90) 312 284 9213Email: [email protected]: www.sensor-hbm.comUK: HBM United Kingdom Ltd., 1 Churchill Court, 58 Station Road, North Harrow, Middlesex, HA2 7SA,Tel. +44 (0) 208 515 6100, Fax +44 (0)208 515 6149Email: [email protected]: Anwit, Garmatna 8, 03067 Kiev, Tel./Fax (+380) 444514699Email: [email protected]: I.C.C. Ingeniería de Control de Calidad,Av. Fco. De Miranda, Torre Profesional La California, Piso 1, Oficina 1-3, Urb. La California Norte, Caracas 1070A,Tel. (+58) 212 2729756, Fax (+58) 212 2713270 Email: [email protected]: **Thuan Quoc Jsc., 53 Lac Trung - Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Tel. (+84) 4 7762744, Fax (+84) 4 7762745Email: [email protected] and Macedonia: TRCpro,Preradoviceva 31, YU-21131 Petrovaradin,Tel. + Fax (+381) 21-6433774, 6433824, 6431929Email: [email protected]

HBM Companies and Representatives WorldwideGlobal Head Offices

Sales Companies Worldwide

Modifications reserved. All details describe our products in general form only. They are not to be unterstood as express warranty and do not constitute any liability whatsoever.

The current List of Representatives is also available on theInternet at: www.hbm.com/representatives

Documents

measurement with confidence - ParCFD2007.parcfd.org/seminar/strain-gage/brosur.pdfOn hand for all major strain gage (SG) conﬁgurations used in experimental stress analysis: integrated