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EEE310 Measurement and
Instrumentation I
Lecture 01
Kolawole S. OGUNBA,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Obafemi Awolowo University,
Ile-Ife,Osun State,
Nigeria
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Useful Pieces of Information
Course Code: EEE310 Course Title: Measurement and
Instrumentation I
Number of Units: 3
Prerequisite: EEE204
Fundamentals of Electronic an
Electrical Engineering
Time Table Issues: Please sort them out ASAP
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Useful Pieces of Information (contd.)
Introduction to Signals and Measuring Systems:
Analog and digital signals. Fundamental elements of measurement systems. Static and
dynamic characteristics of measurement systems.
Modeling of Measuring Systems:
Random noise (thermal, shot and 1/f noise), interference, errors and accuracy.
Mathematical modeling of non-ideal measuring systems. Standards and calibration.
Sensors:Sensor principles. Thermocouples, thermistors, Platinium100 (Pt100), Linear Voltage
Differential Transformers (LVDTs), accelerometers, microphones, pressure sensors,
photodiodes, strain gauges, Hall-effect sensors, flow sensors etc.
Analog Signal Processing
Filters, filter types: Butterworth, Chebyshev, Bessel, bandwidth narrowing.
Op-amp circuits: amplifiers, differential amplifiers, integrators, differentiators, Sallen-and-Key filter,
current-to-voltage converters, rectifiers, comparators and peak detectors. Op-amp non-idealities: offset, bias current, finite gain, finite bandwidth, CMRR. Instrumentationamplifiers.
Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog Conversion
Sampling, sampling theorem, aliasing, anti-aliasing and reconstruction filters, quantizationerror, sample-and-hold circuits.
Course Contents EEE310 Measurement and Instrumentation I
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Useful Pieces of Information (contd.)
Haykin, S. and Van Veen, B. (1999), Signals and Systems, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 605, ThirdAvenue, New-York NY 10158-0012, United States of America.
Lathi, B.P. (1998), Signal Processing and Linear Systems, Berkeley-cambridge Press, P.O. Box 947,Carmichael, CA 95609-0947, United States of America.
Morris, A. S. (2001),Measurement and Instrumentation Principles, 3rd. ed., Butterworth-Heinemann,Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom.
Oppenheim, A.v. and Willsky, A.S. (1997), Signals and Systems, Prentice-Hall International, UpperSaddle River, New-Jersey, United States of America.
Sawhney, A.K. and Sawhney, P. (2007), A Course in Electronic and Electrical Measurements andInstrumentation, Dhanrat Rai and Co. (P) Limited, Educational and Technical Publishers. 1710, Nai
Sarak, Delhi 110006, India.
Webster, J.G. (1999), The Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, CRC Press LLC,2000, Corporate Blvd., Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States of America.
Chosen Texts for Course EEE310 Measurement and Instrumentation I
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Useful Pieces of Information (contd.)
Mode of Delivery of Lectures: Powerpoint presentations are likely. I will develop them and send to the students even if I
do not present them in class. Use of black/white boards still very likely in addition
to/as a replacement of Powerpoint Presentations. Lecture Notes:
I will develop them as the Semester progresses Assessment:
Attendance Mid-Semester Test (1) Examination (1) Assignments
NBHonesty is advised with attendances.
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Introduction toMeasurement and
Measurement Systems
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Question: Why study signals when thedestination is really measurement andinstrumentation? Answer: In life, there is a constant need to
quantify phenomena. The quantification gives rise to signals and the
process of quantification is called measurementwhile the tools we utilize in achieving thequantification are called Instruments or
Measurement Systems or InstrumentationSystems.
The signals are a collection of data and they giveinformation that ultimately gives the
knowledge needed to make calculated decisions.
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Measurement:The process of comparison between a quantity
of a particular variable of interest (mostlyphysical) and a pre-defined, globally-accepted
standard. Standard:
The value of some quantity of a variable which isset up and established by authority as a rule forthe measurement of quantities of the variable.
Measurand:
The variable to be measured that represents a
particular phenomenon being invvestigated.
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Signal:The variation of a dependent variable withrespect to one or more independent variables
Data:
A basic entity resulting from a measurementprocess. Information:The commodity contained within a signal/set of
signals that emerges from processed data of ameasurement process. Knowledge:Familiarity, know-how or understanding gained
through the acquisition of information.
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Measurement and Measurement Systems Sensor:A device that comes in contact directly or indirectly
with a physical quantity and responds to suchquantities by undergoing changes in its specificcharacteristics.
Transducer:A device that responds to a particular physical
quantity by energy conversion from one form toanother. (Most sensors are transducers but not all
transducers are sensors) Measuring Instrument:A device, including a sensor, that transforms the
physical variable of interest to a form suitable for
display or recording or transmission or actuation.
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Measurement System:A collection of devices, including sensors,
transducers, signal conversion elements, signalmanipulating elements, anddisplay/storage/transmission/actuating devices,that are put together to enhance the quality ofoutputs of simple measuring instruments and togive as accurate, precise, unambiguous, and reliablea set of readings as possible.
Measurement systems are necessitated by theincreased domestic and industrial demands forefficiency and high-quality measurements thatsimple instruments are incapable of performing.
They are sometimes called Instrumentation Systems
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Simple Instrument Model
Typical Measurement System Model
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Measurement and Measurement Systems
Typical Measurement SituationsEEE310 Measurement and Instrumentation I