ME 2356 DESIGN AND FABRICATION PROJECT DESIGN AND FABRICATION
OF PAPER CUTTING MACHINE USING GENEVA MECHANISM
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Mr. K.DHAKSHNA MURTHI AP/MECH, DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PROJECT GUIDE: PROJECT MEMBERS: 1.E.PARTHASARATHI (512312114061)
2.V.PRASANNA (512312114066) 3.J.SAKTHIVEL (512312114076) 4.M.SUBASH
(512312114093)
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ABSTRACT The design and fabrication of paper cutting machine
using Geneva mechanism is very useful to cut papers in equal and
accurate dimensions. Geneva drive is an indexing mechanism that
converts the continuous motion into intermittent motion. Due to the
intermittent motion, the paper is moved between the time intervals
of cutting periods. Then the paper cutting is achieved by the crank
and lever mechanism. The cutter will be back to its original
position by the spring effect.
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OBJECTIVES: 1.To cut the paper in accurate and equal
dimensions. 2.To reduce the time for marking the dimension in
paper. 3.To get the paper cutting machine in low cost. 4.To design
the machine in compact size.
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INTRODUCTION 1.The paper cutting machine is designed, in order
to reduce the time for marking and cutting the papers. Geneva
mechanism is commonly used indexing mechanism where an intermittent
motion is required. 2.The fabrication of conventional Geneva
mechanism is generally simple and inexpensive. Because there is no
special curved profile on any of the components except straight
lines and circular arcs.
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3.The paper cutting is done by crank and lever mechanism. After
cutting, the spring connected to the cutter will bring the cutter
back to its original position. 4.The main purpose of this machine
is to reduce time for marking the papers. Hence, this machine is
working fully based on timing.
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MECHANISMS 1. Geneva wheel mechanism The Geneva mechanism is
used here to get the intermittent motion. This Geneva mechanism is
also called as indexing mechanism.
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2.CRANK AND LEVER MECHANISM Here the sprocket (crank) is
connected to the lever (cutter) by a connecting link (string). When
the crank rotates, this rotation is converted into oscillating
motion. Hence the cutter gets oscillating motion to cut the
paper.
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COMPONENTS: 1. Geneva wheel 2. Sprockets 3. Roller chain 4.
Paper cutter 5. Coil spring 6. Shaft 7. Paper roller
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GENEVA WHEEL: In our Geneva, the driven wheel has four slots
and thus advances by one step of 90 degrees for each rotation of
the drive wheel. Hence the intermittent motion is achieved for of
the 360 degrees.
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SPROCKETS: A sprocket or sprocket-wheel is a profiled wheel
with teeth, cogs, or even sprockets that mesh with a chain. The
sprockets are used for the power transmission between two shafts
through the roller chain.
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ROLLER CHAIN: Roller chain is the type of chain drive most
commonly used for transmission of mechanical power between two
sprockets. It consists of a series of short cylindrical rollers
held together by side links. It is driven by a toothed wheel called
a sprocket.
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PAPER CUTTER: A paper cutter is a tool, designed to cut the
paper with a straight edge. Paper cutters vary in size. This paper
cutter is used as the oscillator in the four bar crank and lever
mechanism.
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COIL SPRING: A coil spring, also known as a helical spring, is
a mechanical element, which is typically used to store energy and
subsequently release it. This coil spring is used to bring the
cutter to its original position.
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SHAFT: A shaft is a rotating machine element which is used to
transmit power from one place to another. This shaft form an
integral part of the machine itself. The crank shaft is an example
of machine shaft.
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PAPER ROLLER: Paper roller is an element which is used to roll
the paper while the intermittent motion. The paper roller is used
to feed the paper without any damage.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE The handle is fixed to the crank (sprocket).
If the handle is rotated, 1.When the cam pin is in extreme right
position i.e. engage position, the crank shaft will be at extreme
bottom position. Hence the cutter is in full open position and the
spring will be in rest position. 2.When the cam pin is in extreme
bottom position i.e. disengage position, the crank shaft will be at
extreme left position. Hence the cutter is in partial cutting
position and the spring will be in partial tension.
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3.When the cam pin is in extreme left position i.e. disengage
position, the crank shaft will be at extreme top position. Hence
the cutter is in full cutting position and spring will be in full
tension. 4.When the cam pin is in extreme top position i.e.
disengage position, the crank shaft will be at extreme right
position. Hence the cutter is in partial cutting position and the
spring will be in partial tension. Thus the paper cutting is
achieved by the above four process of the Geneva and cutter.
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DESIGN CALCULATION FOR CAM DRIVE 1.Angle of locking section, =
/2 (Z+2) =270 2.Semi-indexing angle(driven) = /Z = 45
3.Semi-indexing angle (driver) = (Z-2)/(2Z) =45 4.Gear ratio =1 for
Z=4 5.Radius ratio, = R/r =1.000 6.Indexing time ratio, = /
=0.2500
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S.N O. PARTMATERIAL NO. OF 1Geneva wheelMild steel1
2SprocketsCast iron2 3Roller chainStainless steel1 4Paper
cutterSteel1 5Paper rollerMild steel1 6Coil springSteel alloy2
7ShaftMild steel3 8Frame and baseMild steel1 COMPONENTS
SPECIFICATION MATERIAL SELECTION AND NO. OF MATERIALS
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S.NO PART AND DESCRIPTION COST 1Geneva wheel950 2Sprockets550
3Roller chain180 4Paper cutter150 5Paper roller100 6Coil spring60
7Shaft350 8Frame, base and other materials1350 9Service charge1100
10TOTAL4565 COST ESTIMATION
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MERITS: 1.No need for marking the paper. 2.It will reduce the
time for marking the paper. 3.The dimension of the paper will be
accurate. 4.Manufacturing cost is less. 5.No noise pollution.
6.Compact in size. 7.Can be used for small scale industries. 8.Can
able to change the machine elements easily
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LIMITATIONS: 1.Cant able to cut the papers above 15 cm width.
2.Cant able to cut bunch of papers i.e. more than 5 papers. 3.Cant
be used for large scale industries.
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APPLICATIONS: 1. It can able to use in paper cutting
industries. 2. It can able to use in paper crafting. 3. It can be
used in many small scale paper industries. 4. It can be used to cut
the color papers for designing. 5. It can be used in stationary
stores.
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Conclusion The design and fabrication of paper cutting machine
using the Geneva mechanism is will be very useful in small scale
industries. There are many machines based on paper cutting but it
has some demerits like large in size, costly, need skilled people
to operate and it needs electrical input. But our machine will
overcome this demerits by compact in size, less cost, no need for
skilled people and there is no need for electrical input. The
design procedure is done for fabricating the Geneva wheel and other
elements of this machine. The main aim for this machine is to
reduce timing for paper cutting and neglect the time for marking
the paper, this aim is achieved in our paper cutting machine using
Geneva mechanism.
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PHOTOGRAPHY
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REFERENCE: 1.C.Y. Cheng, Y. Lin, Improving dynamic performance
of the Geneva mechanism using non-linear spring elements, Mechanism
and Machine Theory 30(1995) 119129. 2.E.A. Dijksman, Jerk-free
Geneva wheel driving, Journal of Mechanisms 1 (1966) 235283. 3.E.A.
Fenton, Geneva mechanisms connected in series, ASME Journal of
Engineering for Industry 97 (1975) 603608. 4.E.A. Sadek, J.L.
Lloyd, M.R. Smith, A new design of Geneva drive to reduce shock
loading, Mechanism and Machine Theory 25 (1990) 589595.