MDAC - NASA · MDAC I SPACE STATION DATA SYSTEM ANALYSIS/ARCHITECTURE STUDY Task 5 - Program Plan ... Controlled System Test Library Computer Techno 1 og y As s oc 1 at e s Coefficient

DECEMBER 1985 MDC H1343A

I MDAC I --- SPACE STATION DATA SYSTEM

ANALYSIS/ARCHITECTURE STUDY

Task 5 - Program Plan

(NASA-Ck-177846) S P A C E STATION DATA SYSTEM N86-20481 88ALYSIS/ARCHITECIURE S T U D Y . %ASK 5: P E O G B B H PLAN [HcDonnell-Douglas Astronautics CO.) I35 p HC 807/HF 801 CSCL 228 Unclas

63/18 04598

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860011010 2019-08-09T21:21:46+00:00Z

m'' MCDONNELi DOUGLAS ,*

CORPORATION

SPACE STATION DATA SYSTEM ANALYSWARCHITECTURE STUDY


DECEMBER 1985 MDC H1343A REPLACES MDC H2022 DATED OCTOBER 1985

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AST;RONAUTICS COMPANY-HUNTINGTON BEACH

5301 Bolsa Avenue Huntington Beach, California 926'47 (714) 896-337 1

PREFACE

The McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company has been engaged in a Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture Study for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center. This study, which emphasized a system engineering design for a complete, end-to-end data system, was divided into six tasks:

Task 1. Functional Requirements Definition Task 2. Options Development Task 3. Trade Studies Task 4. System Definitions Task 5. Program Plan Task 6. Study Maintenance

McDonnell Douglas was assisted by the Ford Aerospace and Communications Corporation, IBM Federal Systems Division and RCA i n these Tasks. The Task inter-relationship and documentation flow are shown i n Figure 1.

This report was prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center under Contract No. NAS5-28082

Questions regarding this report should be directed to:

Glen P. Love Study Manager McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company Huntington Beach, CA 92647 (714) 896-2292

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CONTENTS

Sec t ion 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

Sec t ion 2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2 .l I n t r o d u c t i o n 2.2 SSOS Summary Costs 2.3 Program Schedule 2.4 Advanced Technology Development

Recomnendations

5

5 5 9

12

Sec t ion 3.0 PROGRAM COST ESTIMATES 13

3.1 I n t roduc t i on 13 3.2 Scope 13 3.3 Work Breakdown S t r u c t u r e 21 3.4 Cost Es t imat ion Groundrules & Assumptions 30 3.5 Cost ing Methodologies 31 3.6 Cost Sumnaries 34

Sec t ion 4.0 SSDS PROGRAM SCHEDULES 79

4.1 I n t r o d u c t i o n 4.2 Scope 4.3 Groundrules and Assumptions 4.4 Methodology 4.5 Schedules

79 79 79 80 80

Sec t ion 5.0 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT RECOMMENOATXONS 83

5.1 I n t r o d u c t i on 83 5.2 Scope 83 5.3 NASA Advanced Technology Development Summary 83 5.4 SSDS A/A Study Technology Development

Candidates 87 5.5 Conclusions and Recommendations 92

Appendix A Code S/Code T A l l o c a t i o n 95

Appendix B NASA DMS Test Bed A/D P r o j e c t P lan Tasks 97

V

GLOSSARY

A

ALR A/A

A I D A/L

A/N

AC LS ACA

ACO

ACS

ACS/COM

ACTS

AD

AD ADOP

ADP

AFOSR

AFP

AFRPL

AGC

AGE

A I A I E A I PS

AL7

ALS

ALS/N

A M I C

ANSI

AOS

AP APD

APSE

ARC

Automatic

Automation and Robotlcs

Ana lys i s /A rch l tec tu re

Advanced Development

A i r l o c k

Alphanumeric

A t t l t u d e Con t ro l System

A t t i t u d e Con t ro l Assembly

Admini s t r a t i ve Con t rac t i ng O f f I c e r

A t t i t u d e Con t ro l and S t a b i l i z a t i o n

A t t i t u d e Con t ro l System/Comunications

Advanced Comunlca t ions Technology S a t e l l i t e

A n c i l l a r y Data

Advanced Development Advanced D i s t r i b u t e d Onboard Processor

Advanced Development Plan

A i r Force O f f i c e o f S c i e n t i f i c Research

Advanced F l e x i b l e Processor

A i r Force Rocket Propuls ion Laboratory

Automatic Gain Contro l

Attempt t o General ize

A r t i f i c i a l I n t e l l i g e n c e

Ada I n t e g r a t e d Envi ronment

Advanced I n f o r m a t i o n Processtng System A i r Lock One

A l t e r n a t e Landing S i t e

Ada Language System/Navy

Automated Management In fo rma t ion Center

American N a t i o n a l Standards I n s t i t u t e

A c q u i s i t i o n o f S ignal

Automatic P rog raming Avalanche Photo Diode Ada Prog raming Support Environment Ames Research Center

v i

ART ASCI I AS€

ASTROS

ATAC

ATC

ATP

ATPs

ATS AVHI

AWSI

B BARC BB

BER

B I T

BITE

B I U

B I U

B I U

BMD

BTU

BW

C

C2

c3 c3 I CbDH

C &T C&T

CW C/L CA

CAD

CAE

C A I S

CAM

Automated Reasoning Too l

American Standard Code f o r I n f o r m a t i o n Exchange

A l rbo rne Support Equlpment Advanced S ta r ITa rge t Reference O p t i c a l Sensor

Advanced Technology Advisory Comnittee

A i r T r a f f i c Contro l

A u t h o r i t y t o Proceed

Advanced Telemetry Processing System

Assembly Truss and S t r u c t u r e

Automated Visual Maintenance I n f o r m a t i o n

Adopt ive Wafer Scale I n t e g r a t i o n

B r idge Block Adapt ive Rate Con t ro l l ed

Breadboard

B i t E r r o r Rate

B u i l t - i n Test

B u i l t - i n Test Equipment

B u f f e r I n t e r f a c e U n i t

Bus I n t e r f a c e U n i t

B u i l t - i n Uni t

B a l l i s t i c M i s s i l e Defense

B r i t i s h Thermal U n i t

Bandwidth

Constrained

Comnand and Contro l

Comnand, Contro l , and Comnunication

Comnand, Cont ro l , Comnunlcation, and I n t e l l i g e n c e Comnunlcatlons and Data Handl ing

Comnunication and Tracking Subsystem

Comnunlcations and Tracking

Con t ro l and Warning

Check1 1 s t Customer Accomnodation

Computer-Aided Design

Computer-Aided Engineering Comnon APSE I n t e r f a c e Set

Computer-Aided Manufactur ing

viii

CAMAC CAP CAS8 CASE CATL CBD CBEMA CCA CCB CCB ccc CCD CCITT CCITT CCMS CCR CCSDS CCTV cd/M2 CDG CDMA C DOS

CDR CDS CE CEI CER CFR CFS CG CIE CIL CIU CLAN CM . CM CMDB

Computer Automatic Measurement and Control Crew Activities Plan Cost Accounting Standard Board Comnon Application Service Elements Controlled Aceptance Test Library Commerce Business Dally Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturing Association Cluster Coding Algorithm Contractor Control Board Configuration Control Board Change and Configuratlon Control Charge-Coupled Device Consultive Committee f o r International Telegraph and Telephone Coordinating Cornittee for International Telephony and Telegraphy Checkout Control and Monitor System Configuration Change Request Consultative Committee for Space Data System Closed-Circuit Television Candelas per square Meter Concept Development Group Code Division Multiple Access Customer Data Operations System Critlcal Design Review Control Data Subsystem Conducted Emission Contract End-Item Cost Estimating Relatlonshlp Code of Federal Regulations Cambridge File Server Center of Gravity Customer Interface Element Critical Item List Customer Interface Unlt Core Local Area Network Configuration Management Center of Mass Conflguration Management Data Base

ix

CMG CMOS CMS CMU co COF COL COMM COP COPCC COPOCC COTS CPCI c PU CQL CR CR CRbD CRC CRF CRSS CRT cs CSD CSDL CSMA/CD/TS

CSTL CTA CTE CUI CVSD CWG D&B DADS DAIS DAR

Control Moment Gyro Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Customer Mission Specialist Carnegie-Mellon University Contracting Officer Component Origination Form Controlled Operations Library Comnercial Missions Co-orbital Platform Coorblt Platform Control Center COP Operations Control Center Comnercial Off-the-shelf Software Computer Program Configuration Item Central Processing Unit Channel Queue Limit Compression Ratio Change Request Contract Research and Development Cyclic Redundancy Checks Change Request Form Customer Requirements Cathode Ray Tube Conducted Susceptibil Contract Start Date

for Standard Services

Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Carrier-Sense Multiple with Access/Colllsion Detection and Time Slots Controlled System Test Library Computer Techno 1 og y A s s oc 1 at e s Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Common Usage Item Code Variable Slope Delta (Modulation) Comnonality Working Group Docki ng and Berth1 ng Digital Audio Distribution System Digital Avionics Integration System Defense Acquisition Regulation

X

DARPA DB

DBA DBML

DBHS

DCAS DCDS DCR DDBM

DDC DDTLE DEC DES DFD DGE

DHC

DID DIF DMA

DHS DoD DOMSAT DOS

DOT DPCH

D PS DR DR DRAM DRD DShT

DSDB

DSDL DSDS

DSIT DSN DTC

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Data Base Data Base Administrator Data Base Manipulatlon Language Data Base Management System Defense Contract Administrative Services Distributed Computer Deslgn System Data Change Request Distributed Data Base Management Discipline Data Center Destgn, Development, Testing, and Englneerlng Digital Equlpment Corp. Data Encryption Standard Data Flow Diagram Dlsplay Generatlon Equlpment Data Handllng Center Data Item Description Data Interchange Format Dtrect Memory Access Data Management System Department of Defense Domestic Comnunications Satellite System Dlstributed Operatlng System Department of Transportation Differential Pulse Code Modulation Data Processing System Dtscrepancy Report Data Requi rement Dynamic Random-Access Memory Design Requi rement Document Development Simulation and Tralnlng Dlstrlbuted System Data Base Data Storage Descrlptlon Language Data System Dynamic Slmulation Development, Slmulation, Integration and Trainlng Deep-Space Network Deslgn to Cost

xi

DTC/LCC DTG

E/R €AD I ECC

ECLSS

ECMA ECP

ECS

EDF EEE

EHF EHSI

E I A EL EM

EMC EMCFA

EM€

€MI EMR EMS

EMU

EMUDS

EO

EOL

EOS

€PA

E PS

ERBE ERRP

ESR

ESTL

EVA

F /T FACC

FADS

Design t o Cos t /L i f e Cycle Cost

Design To Grow

E n t i t y / R e l a t i o n s h i p

E l e c t r o n i c A t t i t u d e D i r e c t i o n I n d i c a t o r

E r r o r C o r r e c t i o n Codes

Envi ronmental Contro l and L i fe -suppor t System

European Computers Hanufac tur lng Assoc. Eng ineer ing Change Proposals

Environmental Contro l System

Eng ineer ing Data f u n c t i o n E l e c t r i c a l , E l e c t r o n i c , and Electromechanical

Extremely High Frequency

E l e c t r o n i c H o r i z o n t a l S i t u a t i o n I n d i c a t o r

E l e c t r o n i c I n d u s t r y Assoc ia t ion

E lec t ro lum inescen t E lec t romagnet ic E lec t romagnet ic C o m p a t i b i l i t y E lec t romagnet ic C o m p a t i b i l i t y Frequency Ana lys i s

E a r t h Mean Equator

E lec t romagnet ic I n t e r f e r e n c e

Execut ive Management Review

Eng ineer ing Master Schedule

E x t r a v e h i c u l a r M o b i l i t y Uni t

E x t r a v e h i c u l a r Maneuvering Uni t Decontamination System

E l e c t r o - o p t i c

End o f L i f e

E a r t h Observing System Environmental P r o t e c t i o n Agency

E l e c t r i c a l Power System

E a r t h R a d i a t l o n Budget Experiment

Equipment Replacement and Re fu rb i sh ing Plan

Eng lneer ing Support Request

E l e c t r o n i c Systems T e s t Laboratory

E x t r a v e h i c u l a r A c t i v i t y

F a u l t T o l e r a n t Ford Aerospace and Communications Corpora t ion F u n c t i o n a l l y Automated Database System

xii

FAR FCA FCOS FCR FDDI FDF FDMA FEID FETMOS FF FFT FIFO FIPS fl FM FMEA FMECA FO FO/FS/R FOC FODB FODS F PR FQR FSD FSE .

FSED FSIM FSW FTA FTMP FTSC GaAs GaAs P GaInP Ga P GAPP

Federal Acquisition Regulation Functional Conf lguratlon Audit Flight Computer Operating System Flight Control Rooms Fiber Dl stri buted Data Interface Flight Dynamics Facility Frequency-Division Nultiple Access Flight Equipment Interface Device Floating Gate Election Tunneling Metal Oxide Semiconductor Free Flier Fast Fourier Transform first in First Out Federal Information Processing Standards foot lambert - Unit of Illumination Facility Management Failure Modes and Effects Analysis Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis Fi ber-Optics Fail-Operational/Fail Safe/Restorable Fiber-Optic Cable Fiber-optic Data Bus Fiber Optic Demonstration System Federal Procurement Regulation Formal Qualification Review Full-Scale Development Flight Support Equipment Full Scale Engineering Development Functional Simulator Flight Software Fault Tree Analysis Fault Tolerant Multi-Processor Fault Tolerant Space Computer Gallium Arsenide Galllum Arsenic Phosphorus Gallium Indium Phosphorus Gallium Phosphorous Geometric Arithmetic Parallel Processor

xiii

Gbps GBSS

GEO

GE P

GFC

GFE GFP

GFY

GIDEP GMM 6MS

GMT

GMW

GN bC

GPC

GPP

GPS

GRO

GSC

GSE

GSFC GTOSS H/W

HAL

HDDR

HDDR

HE P

HFE

H I PO

H I R I S

HMl

HM

HOL

HOS

HPP HRIS

I

G i g a b i t s Per Second Ground Based Support System

Geosynchronous Ear th O r b i t

Gas E l e c t i o n Phosphor

Ground Forward Comnands

Government-Furnished Equipment

Government-Furnished Proper ty

Government F i s c a l Year

Government/Industry Data Exchange Program

Geometric Math Model

Geosta t ionary Me teo ro log i ca l S a t e l l i t e

Greenwich Mean Time

Generic Maintenance Work S t a t i o n

Guidance, Nav iga t ion , and Con t ro l

General-Purpose Computer

General-Purpose Processor

Global P o s i t i o n i n g System Gama Ray Observatory

Ground Serv ice Center

ground Support Equipment

(Robert H.) Goddard Space F l i g h t Center

General ized Tethered Object System S imu la t i on

Ha rdwa r e

High-Order A lgo r i t hm ic Language

Help Desk Discrepancy Report

High Dens i ty D i g i t a l Recording

Heterogeneous Element Processor

Human Fac tors Engineer ing

H i e r a r c h i c a l I n p u t Process Output

High Reso lu t i on Imaging Spectrometer

H a b i t a t i o n Module One

H a b i t a t i o n Module High Order Language

High Order Systems

High Performance Processors High Reso lu t i on Imaging Spectrometer I n t e r a c t i v e

x iv

I/F I / o I BM IC I CAR ICB ICD ICOT .

ICs ID ID I DM I DMS IEEE I EMU IF IFIPS I LO IMU INS I oc IOP IPCF I PC I PL I PR I PS IR I R&D I RN I SA ISA ISON I so ITAC-0 I TT I V&V

Interface Input/Output IBM Corporation Intercomputer Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing Internal Contractor Board Interface Control Document Institute (for new generation) Computer Technology Interpretive Computer Simulation Interface Diagram Identification Intelligent Database Machine Information and Data Management System Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Integrated Extravehicular nobility Unit Intermediate frequency International Federation of Industrial Processes Society Injector Laser Diode Inertial Measurement Unit Inertial Navigation System Initial Operating Capability Input/Output Processor Interprocess Comnunications Facility Interprocesses Comnunication Initial Program Load Internal Problem Report Instrument Pointing System Infrared Independent Research and Development Interface Revision Notices Inertial Sensor Assembly Instruction Set Architecture Integration Servlces Dlgital Network International Standards Organization Integration Trades and Analysis-Cycle 0 International Telegraph and Telephone Independent Validation and Verification

xv

I VA IWS JPL JSC KAPSE KEE KIPS KOPS KSA KSC Kbps Ki pc LAN LaRC LCC LCD LDEF LOR LED LEO LeRC LIDAR LIFO LIPS LISP LISP LLC LM I

LN2 LNA LO€ LO€ LOS LPC LPS LRU LSA

Intravehlcular Actlvlty Intelllgent Work Station Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Lyndon B . ) Johnson Space Center Kernal APSE Knowledge Engineering Environment Knowledge Informatlon Processing System Thousands of Operatlons Per Second Ku-band. Single Access (John F.) Kennedy Space Center Kilobits per second Thousand instructions per cycle Local-Area Network Langley Research Center Life-Cycle Cost Liquid Crystal Display Long-Duration Exposure Facility Large Deployable Reflector Light-Emitting Diode Low Earth Orbit Lewis Research Center Laser-Instrument Distance and Range Last In First Out Logical Inferences Per Second List Processor Llst Processor Logical Link Control LISP Machine Inc. Liquid Nitrogen Low-noise Amplifier Level of Effort Low-earth Orbit Environments LOSS of Signal Llnear Predicttve Coding Launch Processlng System Line-Replaceable unit Logistic Support Analysis

xv i

LSAR LSE LSI LTV

LZPF M

u p MA MA MAPSE Mbps MB PS MCAIR MCC MCC MCDS MCM MCN I U MDAC-HB MDAC-STL MOB MDC MDMC MDRL MFLOP MHz MIMO MIPS MIT MITT #LA MM I MMPF nns MMS HMU

Logistic Support Analysis Report Language Senslty Editors Large-scale Integratlon LTV Aerospace and Defense Company, Vought Missiles Advanced Programs Division Level 0 Processing Facility Manual Microprocessor Multiple Access Managing Activity Minimum APSE Mllllon Bits Per Second Million Bits Per Second McDonnell Aircraft Company Mission Control Center Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corp. Management Comnunicatlons and Data System Hilltary Computer Modules Multl-compatlble Network Interface Unit McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company-Huntington Beach McDonnell Douglas Astronautlcs Company-St. Louis Master Data Base McDonnell Douglas Corporation McDonnell Douglas Microelectronics Center McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratory Million Floating Point Operations Million Hertz Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Million (machlne) Instructions Per Second Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mlnlstry of International Trade and Industry Multispectral Linear Array Man Machine Interface Microgravity and Materials Process Facility Module Management System Momentum Management System Mass Memory Unit

xvii .

MMU MNOS MOC no I MOL MOS MPAC MPS MPSR URMS HRWG MSFC us1 nss MTA MTBF MTTR MTU NASA NASCOW NASPR NBO NBS NCC NFSD N GT

NHB NISDN NIU NL NLPQ NM I NMOS NMR NOS NS NSA

Manned Maneuvering Unit Metal-Nitride Oxide Semiconductor Mission Operations Center Moment of Inertla Manned Orb1 ting Laboratory Metal Oxide Semiconductor Multipurpose Application Console Materials, Processlng in Space Multi-purpose Support Rooms Mobile Remote Manipulator Sy Mlssion Requirements Working (George C.) Marshall Space F Medium-Scale Integratipn Multispectral Scanner Man-Tended Approach Mean Time Between Failures Mean Time to Repair Master Timing Unit

t em Group Ight Center

National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA Comnunications Network NASA Procurement Regulation NASA Baseline National Bureau o f Standards Network Control Center NASA FAR Supplement Directive NASA Ground Termjnals NASA Handbook NASA Integrated System Data Network Network Interface Unlt National Language National Language for Queuing Simulation NASA Management Instruction N-Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor N-Modular Redundant Network Operating System Nassi-Schneidermann National Security Administration

xviii

NSF

NSTS

NTDS

NTE

NTRL

NTSC

Nd : YAG

OW

O/B

OASCB

OCN ODB

ODBMS

OE L

OES

O I D OLTP

OMC C

OMV

ONR

ORU

os OS€

os1 OSM OSSA

OSTA

OSTOS OTV

PhSA

P/L

PA

PAM

PASS

PBX PC

PCA

N a t i o n a l Science Foundation

N a t i o n a l Space T ranspor ta t i on System

Navy T a c t i c a l Data System

Not To Exceed

NASA Technology Readiness Level

Na t iona l T e l e v i s i o n Standards C o r n i t t e e

Neodynium Y t t r i u m Aluminum Garnet ( l a s e r type)

Operat ions and Maintenance

On board

O r b i t e r Av ion ics Software Con t ro l Board

Operations and Con t ro l Network, Opera t iona l Con t ro l Networks

Opera t iona l Data Base

Onboard Data Base Management System

Opera t ing Events L i s t

Opera t ing Events Schedule

Operations Ins t rumen ta t i on Data

On L ine Transac t ion Processing

Operations Management and Con t ro l Center

O r b i t a l Maneuvering Veh ic le O f f i c e o f Naval Research

O r b i t a l Replacement U n i t

Opera t ing System

O r b i t Support Equipment

Open Systems In te rconnect

O r b i t a l Serv ice Module

O f f i c e o f Space Science and A p p l i c a t i o n s

O f f i c e o f Space and T e r r e s t r i a l A p p l i c a t i o n

O f f i c e o f Space Tracking and Data Systems O r b i t a l T rans fer Vehic le

Payload and S e r v i c i n g Accomnodations

Pay1 oad

Product Assurance

Payload A s s i s t Module

Primary Av ion ics S h u t t l e Software

P r i v a t e Branch Exchange Personal Computer

Phys ica l Con f igu ra t i on A u d i t

xix

PCA PCM

PCR

POP

PDR

PDRD

PDRSS

P I LS

P I N

PLA

PLAN

PLSS PMAD

PMC PN POCC

POP

POPCC

POPOCC

PRISM

PSA

PSA

PSCN

PSL

PTR

QA R

R&D

R&QA

R/M/A

R/T

RAD RAM

RAP

RC

RCA

RCS

Program Change A u t h o r i z a t i o n

Pulse Code Modulat ion Program Change Request

Plazma D isp lay Panel

P r e l i m i n a r y Design Revlew Program D e f l n l t l o n and Requirements Document

Payload Deployment and R e t r i e v a l System S imu la t i on

Payload I n t e g r a t i o n L i b r a r y System

Personal I d e n t i f i c a t i o n Number

Programmable Logic Array

Payload Local Area Network

Payload Support S t ruc tu re Power Management and D i s t r l b u t i o n

Permanently Manned Con f igu ra t i on

Pseudonoise Payload Operations Contro l Center

Po la r O r b i t e r P l a t f o r m

Po la r O r b i t P l a t f o r m Contro l Center

POP opera t i ons Contro l Center

P ro to type In fe rence System

Problem Statement Analyzer

P r e l l m i n a r y Safe ty Analysis

Program Support Comnunicatlons Network

Problem Statement Language

Problem Trouble Report Q u a l i t y Assurance

R e s t r i c t e d

Research and Development

R e l i a b i l i t y and Q u a l i t y Assurance

R e l i a b i l i t y / M a l n t a i n a b l l i t y / A v a i l a b i l i t y

Real Time

Unl t o f Rad ia t i on Random Access Memory

R e l a t i o n a l Assoc ia t i ve Processor

Ring Concentrator RCA Corpora t ion React ion Con t ro l System

xx

RDB RDC REM RF RFC RF I RFP RGB RID RID RISC RRS RMSE RNET RON ROTV R PMS RS RSA RTX S&E s/c s/w SA SA SAAX SA€ SAIL SAIS SAR SAS SASE SATS SBC sc SCR SCR

relational Data Base Regional Data Center Roentgen Equivalent (man) Radio Frequency Regenerative Fuel Cell Radio Frequency Interference Request for Proposal Red-Green-Blue Review Item Disposition Revision Item Description Reduced Instruction Set Computer Remote Hanipulator System Root Mean Square Error Reconfiguration Network Read Only Memory Reuseable Orbit Transfer Vehicle Resource Planning and Management System Reed-Solomon Rivest, Skamlr and Adleman (encryptlon method) Real Time Execution Sensor and Effector Spacecraft Software Sing I e Access Structured Analysis Science and Technology Mission Society of Automotive Engineers Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory Science and Appljcations Information System Synthetic Aperture Radar Software Approval Sheet Specific Application Service Elements Station Accomnodations Test Set Single Board Computer Simulation Center Software Change Request Solar Cosmic Ray

xxi

scs SDC SDP SDR SDTN S E M SEI SESAC SESR SESS SEU SFDU

SI SIB SIFT SIMP SIRTF SLOC snc SMT SNA SNOS SNR SOA SOPC sos sow SPC SPF SPF SPR SPR SQA SQAM SQL/DS SRA SRAM

Standard Customer Services Systems Development Corporation Subsystem Data Processor System Design Review Space and Data Tracking Network Systems Engineering and Integration Software Engineering Institute Space and Earth Scientific Advisory Comnittee Sustainlng Engineering System Improvement Request Software Engineering Standard Subcomnittee Single Event Upset Standard Format Data Unit International System of Units Simulation Interface Buffer Software Implemented Fault Tolerance Single Instruction Multi-Processor Shuttle Infrared Telescope Facility -Source Lines of Code Standards Management Comnittee Station Management System Network Architecture Silicon Nitride Oxide Semiconductor Signal to Noise Ratio State Of Art Shuttle Operations and Planning Complex Silicon On Saphire Statement of Work Stored Payload Comnands Software Production Facility Single-Point Failure Spacelab Problem Reports Software Problem Report Software Quality Assurance Software Quality Assessment and Heasurement SEQUEL Data System Support Requirements Analysis Static Random Access Memory

xxii

SRB SRC

SREM S R I

SRMaQA

SRMS

SRR

ss SSA

SSA

SSCB

sscc SSC R

sscs SSCTS SSDMS

SSDR

SSDS

SSE

SSEF

SSIS SSME

sso ssocc ssocc SSOL SSON ssos SSP

SSPE

SSPO

sssc SSST

STAR

STARS STDN

ST I

Software Review Board Specimen Research Cen t r i f uge

Software Requirements Engineer ing S tan fo rd Research I n s t i t u t e

Safety, R e l i a b i l i t y , H a i n t a l n a b i l

S h u t t l e Remote Manipulator System

System Requirements Review

Space S t a t i o n .

S t r u c t u r a l Systems Analysis

S-band S i n g l e Access

Space S t a t i o n Con t ro l Board

He t hod o

t y , and

OgY

Qual1 t y Assurance

S t a t i o n S t a t i o n Comnunication Center

Support Software Change Request Space S t a t i o n comnunlcation system

Space S t a t i o n comnunlcations and t r a c k i n g system Space S t a t i o n da ta management system

Support Software Discrepancy Report

Space S t a t i o n da ta system

Software Support Environment

Software Support Environment F a c i l i t y

Space S t a t i o n In fo rma t ion System

Space S h u t t l e Main Engine

Source S e l e c t i o n O f f i c i a l

Space S t a t i o n Operations Con t ro l System

Space S t a t i o n Operations Con t ro l Center Space S t a t i o n Operation Language

Spacelab Software Operat ional Notes

Space S t a t i o n Operating System

Space S t a t i o n Program

Space S t a t i o n Program Element

Space S t a t i o n Program O f f i c e

Space S t a t i o n Standard Computer Space S t a t i o n System Tra iner

Sel f Test and Recovery ( r e p a i r )

Software Technology f o r Adaptable and R e l i a b l e Software Standard Number Standard Technical I n s t i t u t e

xxiii

STO STS suss SYSREM Si SubACS TA I TBD’ TBU TC TC P TCS TDASS TOM TDMA TORS TDRSS TFEL THUR IS TI TM TM TMDE TMIS TMP TMR TMS TPWG TR TRAC TRIC TSC TSI P TS P TSS

TTbC TTC

Solar Terrestrial Observatory Space Transportation System Shuttle Upper Stage Systems System Requirements Engineering Methodology Silicon Submarine Advanced Combat System International Atomic Time To Be Determined Telemetry Buffer Unit Tel ecomnand Transmissions Control Protocols Thermal Control System Tracking and Data Acquisition Satellite System Technology Development Misslon Time-Division Multlple Access Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System Thin Film Electrolumenescent The Human Role in Space (study) Texas Instruments Technical Manual Thematic Mapper Test, Measurement, and Diagnostic Equipment Technical and Management Information System Triple Multi-Processor Triple Modular Redundancy Thermal Management System Test Planning Working Group Technical Requirement Texas Reconfigurable Array Computer Transition Radiation and Ionization Calorlmeter Trade Study Control Technical Study Implementation Plan Twisted Shielded Pair Tethered Satel 1 i te System Telemetry, Tracking, and Conunications Telemetry Traffic Control

xxiv

TTR

WT

U ucc UDRE

UIL

UON

UPS

URN

UTBUN

UTC

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VAFB

VAX VHS I C

VLSI

VLSIC

VVLT

WAN

WBS

WBSP

UDN

UP

WRO

WS

WSGT

WTR

XDFS

YAPS

ZOE

ZONC

ZnS

Timed Token Ring

Traveling-Wave Tube

N o n - r e s t r i c t i v e

Un i fo rm C o n e r c i a l Code

User Design Review and Exerc ise

User I n t e r f a c e Language

Unique Object Names

Un in te r rup ted Power Source

Unlque Record Name

Unique Telemetry Bu f fe r Unit Name

Un ive rsa l Coordinated Time

V a l i d a t i o n and V e r i f i c a t i o n

Vandenberg A i r Force Base

V i r t u a l Address Exchange Very High-speed In teg ra ted C i r c u i t Very Large-Scale I n t e g r a t i o n

Very Large-Scale Xntegrated C i r c u i t V a l i d a t i o n , V e r i f i c a t i o n and Tes t i ng

Wide Area Network

Work Breakdown S t r u c t u r e

Wideband S igna l Processor

Wavelength D l v i s i o n M u l t i p l e x i n g

Work Package Work Release Order

Works ta t ion White Sands Ground Terminal

Western Tes t Range

XEROX D i s t r i b u t e d F i l e System

Yet Another Product ion System

Zone O f Exc lus ion

Zone O f Non-Contact

Zinc S u l f i d e

xxv

SSDS A/A STUDY PROGRAM PLAN REPORT

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The McDonnel Douglas As t ronaut ics Company has been engaged i n a Space S t a t i o n

Data System (SSDS) Ana lys is /Arch i tec tu re A/A Study f o r t he Na t iona l

Aeronaut ics and Space Admin is t ra t ion , Goddard Space F l i g h t Center. This

Systems Engineer ing study which prov ides SSDS On-Board and Ground segment .

"strawman" designs w i t h i n an end-to-end d e f i n i t i o n i s d i v i d e d i n t o the

f o l l o w i n g s i x tasks:

Task 1 - Requirements D e f i n i t i o n

Task 2 - Options Development

Task 3 - Trade Studies

Task 4 - System D e f i n i t i o n


Task 6 - Study Maintenance

The p r e l i m i n a r y Task 1 Report was publ ished f o r NASA rev iew i n October, 1984.

Wi th the concurrency o f t he SSDS A/A Study and t h e Space S t a t i o n Level B a c t i v i t i e s i n the second quar te r o f 1985, NASA e lec ted , by Cont rac t

M o d i f i c a t i o n , t o acce le ra te the study schedule t o d e l i v e r p r e l i m i n a r y Task 2,

3 and 4 Reports ( p l u s an update t o t h e Task 1 Report) i n May, 1985, t o support

t h e JSC SSIS Workshop.

The Task 1, 3 and 4 Reports were rev ised and re - issued I n August, 1985 based

on comments generated from NASA/Industry rev iew o f t he p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t s and

f rom Quar te r l y Review presentat ions. Task 5 p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t o f October

1985 was reviewed by NASA/Endustry, r e s u l t i n g updates and expanslons o f cos t backup have been inc luded i n t h i s submi t ta l .

1

This r e p o r t conta ins t h e f i n a l output o f t h e Program Plan (Task 5 ) e f f o r t . The r e p o r t provides NASA w i t h SSDS Program Schedule, Program Costs, and

Advanced Technology Development recommendations as d e t a i l e d I n Sect ions 2 , 3 ,

and 4 r e s p e c t i v e l y .

A summary o f t h e SSDS A/A Study Report p u b l i c a t i o n schedule i s provided i n

F igure 1 .1 .

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2.0 Executive Summary

2.1 Introduction

The original scope of the Task 5 Program Plan defined in the contractual Statement Of Work included detailed cost estimates and schedules, along with comprehensive program management and procurement strategies for the implementation of the complete system. The Program Plan scope was reduced, however, as part of the over-all study adjustments to accelerate the Task 2, 3, and 4 Reports in support of the Johnson Space Center SSIS Workshop, May 1985. As a result, the Program Plan, was re-defined to consist of the following efforts:

o SSDS cost estimates (both On-Board and Ground segments) o Summary program schedules o Advanced Technology Development Recommendations

The SSDS elements addressed within these efforts are the On-Board and Ground system definitions provided within Section 6.0 and 1 . 0 respectively o f the SSDS A/A Study Task 4 Report.

The efforts itemized above are discussed in detail in Sections 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 of this report; it is the intent of this section to summarize the discussions and conclusions of those sections.

2.2 SSDS Summary Costs

Figure 2.2-1 provides a graphic over-view of the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) developed for this Program Plan. Costs have been generated to the lower levels of this WBS but a generally reported only at the higher levels. 'Below the line' cost categories, Management, Systems Engineering and Integration SE&I, etc. have been collected agalnst both On-Board and Ground segments and are so reported within the cost summaries.

5

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D e t a i l e d ground r u l e s and assumptions f o r t h e SSDS c o s t es t imates a r e prov ided i n Sec t i on 3.0 and w i l l n o t be dup l i ca ted here except t o n o t e t h a t :

o Implementat~on/operational cos ts for t h e Sof tware Support Environment (SSE) and Development, S imulat ion, I n t e g r a t i o n and T r a i n i n g ( D S I T )

d i s t r i b u t e d c a p a b i l i t i e s a re n o t inc luded.

o Only I O C cos ts a re provided; growth i s n o t addressed.

o On-Board system implementation cos ts a r e p rov ided through i n t e g r a t i o n o f SSDS elements i n t o t h e i r assoc ia ted launch packages, b u t launch

and o n - o r b i t ' bu i l d -up ' support cos ts a r e excluded. No opera t i ona l

cos ts for t h e On-Orblt elements have been prov ided.

o Opera t iona l cos ts f o r Ground f a c i l i t i e s a re l i m i t e d t o the s t a f f i n g requ i red t o ma in ta ln t h e f a c i l i t i e s ; m iss ion unique cos ts a r e n o t

i nc 1 uded .

o The p l a t f o r m complement was l i m i t e d t o p o l a r - o r b i t i n g p la t fo rm, launch 1 , POP1 deployment concur ren t w i th S t a t i o n I O C f o l l owed by

POP2 then c o - o r b i t i n g p l a t f o r m COP on s i x month centers .

o T o t a l hardware commonality was assumed between S t a t i o n and p la t fo rms

p l u s a h i g h degree o f sof tware commonality.

o Cost methodology and c o s t da ta p rov ided i n t h i s r e p o r t represent

eng ineer ing est imates and should n o t be const rued as p r i c i n g da ta or used t o develop p r i c i n g data.

2.2.1 Space Seqment Cost Summaries

Costs f o r t h e Space Segment, WBS i t e m 1.0, i n c l u d i n g H/W and S/W development, i n t e g r a t i o n t e s t s , and the r e c u r r i n g H/W produc t ion runs f o r t he Space

S t a t i o n , POP1, POP2, and COP t o t a l l e d f445 .4M; a breakdown o f t h i s cos t i n t o

i t s component WBS elements i s prov ided i n Table 2.2.1-1.

7

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2.2.2 Ground Segment Cost Summaries

WBS item 2.0 costs for the implementation of the nine ground facilities totalled $402.36#; a breakdown of this cost is provided in Table 2.2.2-1.

2.2.3 Total SSDS Costs

The total SSDS costs, consisting of the all WBS element costs is $1143.58M, representing $339.02M recurring and J804.56M non-recurring effort. A breakdown of these costs into the top level WBS elements is provided in Table 2.2.3-1.

2.2.4 Code S and Code T Funding

As part of the costing effort, NASA requested an estimate of funding responsibilities and associated SSDS costs for the Code S and Code T entities. summarized in Appendix A . The costs resulting from the allocation i s :

The funding allocation, derived from NASA inputs and guidelines is

Code S: $814.9M Code T: $328.7M

2.3 Program Schedule

The SSDS program scheduling effort has adopted milestones Contract Start Date (CSD), Preliminary Design Review (PDR), Critical Design Review ( C D R ) , 1st Launch, and Initial Operating Capability (IOC), provided by NASA to the Level C/D activities. The Platform complement and deployment have not been as clearly defined therefore platform schedule assumptions have been made based on the Space Station Level C/D schedule and the Woods Hole update to the Langley Data Base. These assumptions are:

o POPl will be operationally deployed concurrent with Space Station IOC. o POP2 will be deployed six months after POPl. o The COP will be deployed six months after POP2.

Note that POP3, identified in the Langley Data Base, has been associated with the growth period and has not been addressed.

9

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11

Schedules f o r t he Space and Ground segments a re p rov ided i n Sec t ion 4.0. noted i n t h a t sec t ion , the schedules a re presented i n s imple bar c h a r t form

only ; i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f key i n t e r - r e l a t i o n s h i p s and c r i t i c a l paths were no t

addressed.

A s

2.4 Advanced Development Recomnendations

A s p a r t o f t h e Program Plan, NASA requested advanced technology development

recommendations addressing technologies u t i l i z e d w i t h i n t h e s tudy strawman

d e f i n i t i o n s t h a t r e q u i r e advanced development bu t a re n o t covered adequately

w i t h i n e x i s t i n g NASA sponsored a c t i v i t l e s . Sec t ion 5.4 l i s t s technologies

u t i l i z e d d i r e c t l y w i t h i n the strawman designs t h a t w i l l r e q u i r e demonstrat ion

p r i o r t o p r e l i m i n a r y design dec ls lons p l u s those technologies w i t h h igh

p o t e n t i a l b e n e f i t t o t he SSDS development b u t which were d iscarded because o f

h i g h development r i s k .

A comp i la t i on o f t h e NASA advanced development p lans was obta ined from two sources: f l r s t and foremost was the Data Management System Advanced

Development P r o j e c t Plan; t h e second source was t h e Comerce Business D a i l y

which was surveyed f o r supplemental NASA sponsored development.

The l i s t o f Study technologies was mapped onto t h e NASA advanced development

p lans and evaluated. The eva lua t ion l e d t o the recommendations t h a t the

f o l l o w i n g technologies by sponsored i n f u r t h e r development:

o D i s t r i b u t e d Data Base Management

o End-to-End Protocols/Formats

o Command/Resource Management

o F l i g h t Q u a l i f i e d A I Machines

A d d i t i o n a l d e t a i l s of t he above subjects a re prov ided i n the approp r ia te s e c t i o n o f t h i s r e p o r t .

12

3.0 Program Cost Estimates

3.1 I n t roduc t i on

The SSOS i s t h e combination o f hardware and so f tware t h a t p rov ides command

and da ta management se rv i ces t o Space S t a t i o n / P l a t f o r m sub-systems and

customers, b o t h on o r b i t and on ground. Both bas i c segments, On-board and

Ground have been addressed w i t h i n the SSDS A/A Study and bo th have been c o s t

est imated as discussed I n t h e f o l l o w i n g sec t ions .

The Work Breakdown S t r u c t u r e de f ined f o r t h e Program Plan i s presented and

d iscussed i n Sect ion 3.3; est imated cos ts a r e c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h a t s t r u c t u r e ,

however c o s t r e p o r t i n g i s genera l l y t o t h e h ighe r l e v e l s .

The c o s t i n g e f f o r t Scope, Groundrules and Assumptions, presented i n Sec t ions

3.2 and 3.4 r e s p e c t i v e l y , s i g n i f i c a n t l y bound and t a i l o r t h e e f f o r t and should

be c a r e f u l l y reviewed t o f u l l y understand t h e subsequent c o s t summaries. Methodologies u t i l i z e d i n Space and Ground segment es t imates a r e p rov ided i n

Sec t i on 3.5.

F i n a l l y , t h e c o s t summaries a re prov ided i n Sec t i on 3.6. A sirb-section i s

p rov ided f o r each segment fo l l owed by summaries o f t h e t o t a l system. The

l a t t e r summaries p rov ide t r a d i t i o n a l ' non - recu r r i ng ' vs ' r e c u r r i n g ' break-out

and es t imates o f NASA Code S and Code T fund ing r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s .

The c o s t methodology and c o s t da ta p rov ided i n t h i s s e c t i o n represent

' eng inee r ing ' est imates and should n o t be const rued as p r i c i n g da ta o r be used t o develop p r i c i n g data.

3.2 Scope

Cost est imates a re prov ided f o r the implementat ion (hardware and so f tware) and opera t i on o f t h e SSDS Space and Ground System D e f i n i t i o n s as p rov ided i n the

SSDS A/A Task 4 Report. Elements de f i ned t o be o u t s i d e t h e c o n t r a c t u a l scope

of t h e Study, i . e . unique subsystern/user func t i ons , Communications & Track ing, Audio/Video, Ground D i s t r i b u t i o n Networks, e t c . a r e excluded f rom t h i s e f f o r t .

13

Growth phase deslgn/implementation was n o t de f i ned w i t h i n t h e Study and w i l l

n o t t h e r e f o r e be est imated.

spares have been prov ided f o r t h e ten (10) years f o l l o w i n g I O C and w i l l be

based on t h e I O C c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

Ground system o p e r a t i o n cos ts and On-Board system

The p l a t f o r m complement de f i ned w i t h i n t h e Woods Hole update t o the Langley

M iss ion Data Base prov ides two (2 ) p o l a r o r b i t i n g p l a t f o r m s (POP'S) and one

(1) c o - o r b i t i n g p l a t f o r m ( C O P ) e a r l y i n t h e i n i t i a l o p e r a t i o n a l p e r i o d o f t h e

Space S t a t i o n Program. A t h i r d POP i s p rov ided i n t h e 1996 t ime frame. Th is

l a s t p l a t f o r m i s cons idered t o be p a r t o f t h e growth phase and has n o t been

addressed.

The On-Board Systems d e f i n i t i o n f o r t h e c o s t e f f o r t i s p rov ided i n F igu re

3.2-1 and Table 3.2-1; t h e Ground System d e f i n i t i o n I s p rov ided I n F igu re

3.2-2 and Table 3.2-2. The f a c i l i t i e s i nc luded i n t h e p r i c i n g and a summary o f t h e hardware i tems a r e shown.

The Sof tware Support Environment too l s , hardware and opera t i on and t h e

Development, S imu la t ion , I n t e g r a t i o n b T r a i n i n g c a p a b i l i t i e s were n o t i nc luded

i n t h e c o s t est imates. These d l s t r i b u t e d c a p a b i l i t i e s were n o t s u f f i c i e n t l y

de f i ned t o be i nc luded i n the Task 4 Report "strawman" designs and have been

l e f t t o t h e Level B Cont rac tor s tud ies t o des ign and cos t .

S imu la t i on /T ra in ing hardware and sof tware elements a r e a l s o excluded a long w i t h ground vers ions o f f l i g h t hardware.

The Onboard SSDS hardware and sof tware components represent o n l y a p o r t i o n o f

t h e o v e r a l l Space S t a t l o n / P l a t f o r m e n t i t i e s . I t i s t h e r e f o r e d i f f i c u l t , i f

n o t l ess than meaningfu l , t o i d e n t l f y unlque SSDS cos ts w i t h i n t h e Launch and

On-Orbit Assembly/Act ivat ion operat ions. Implementat ion cos ts o f t he On-Board

system have been t runca ted a t t h e complet ion o f the i n t e g r a t i o n o f t h e SSDS

elements l n t o t h e i r app rop r ia te Launch Packages.

on-board opera t l ona l support and subsystem i n t e g r a t i o n suppor t have n o t been

est imated; t he r e c u r r i n g costs a re l i m i t e d t o t h e hardware p roduc t i on run cos ts .

Launch and Bu i ld -up suppor t

14

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T a b l e 3 . 2 - 1

On-Board SSDS System D e f i n i t i o n (Cost N o d e l )

Space S t a t i o n

o Hardware E l e m e n t 2 SDP's N S U ' s MPAC's BRIDGE'S MQSS STOR's ( F l t U n i t s f S p a r e s ) 1 6 / 1 2 381118 615 2 4 / 1 0 5 / 4

o S o f t w a r e Elements:

o O p e r a t i n g Systems: ProcessorIMPAC OS N/W OS

(KBytes/SLOC's) 16Q/40 4 1 0 / 1 0 2 . 5

o A p p l i c a t i o n s : A P P l i c a t i o n Pams S a (KBytes/KSLOC's)

Power 4431 1 1 1

GNbC 8 7 8 / 2 2 9

Thermal 761 19

ECLS 1 1 7 / 2 9

S t r u c t IMec h 1 0 8 / 2 7

Cr en 2 1 9 / 5 3

Coma & Track 451 /113

I n f o t D a t a Mgmt 1 6 28 / 4 07

P / L Accoa 4 6 6 / 1 1 7

16

Table 3.2 - 1 - Cont'd

On-Board SSDS System Definition (Cost M o d e l )

Platf o r i s

o Hardware Elements: SLIP'S NIU'5 BRIDGE'S MASS STOR's

(Flt Units/Spares) 1816 1816 21 I 31 1

o Software Elements: Note - Figures represent modification effort o f

Space Station baseline software

o Operatinp Systems: SDP as N/W os (KRytesIKSLOC's) 2015 50112.5

o Apolications: 490 K%ytes/126 KSLOC's

17

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Ground opera t i on cos ts a r e l i m i t e d t o the s t a f f l n g / o p e r a t i o n s r e q u i r e d t o m a i n t a i n each f a c i l i t y ; m iss ion unique requirements a r e n o t est imated.

Fore ign invo lvment has n o t been considered i n SSDS a c q u i s i t i o n and opera t ions

c o s t i n g

Customer generated Income f rom SSDS Serv ices w i l l n o t be est imated

Per iods o f performance f o r t h e cos t e s t i m a t i o n have been e x t r a c t e d from t h e

schedules, a l s o based on t h e WBS, p rov ided i n Sec t ion 4.0.

T o t a l cos ts and time-phased d I s t r i b u t I o n s (by government f i s c a l year ) a re

summarized i n Sec t ion 3.6 i n t h e f o l l o w i n g formats:

o On-Board and Ground System costs

o F u l l system cos ts

o Non-Recurring vs Recur r ing Costs

o Code T and Code S c o s t r e s p o n s j b i l i t i e s

I n a l l t h e above cos ts a re prov ided i n 1987 d o l l a r s , (esca la ted f rom 1985

d o l l a r s by a f a c t o r o f 1.124).

3.3 Work Breakdown S t r u c t u r e (WBS)

The f o l l o w i n g Work Breakdown S t ruc tu re has been generated f o r t h e SSDS A / A

Study Program Plan Cost and Schedule E f f o r t . Table 3.3-1 p rov ldes t h e WBS i n

t a b u l a r form; F igu re 3.3-1 prov ides t h e WBS i n g raph ic form. Table 3.3-2

p rov ides the WBS D i c t i o n a r y .

21

Table 3.3-1

SSDS A/A STUDY PROGRAN PLAN WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

0.0 SSDS

1.0 SPACE SEGMENT

1.1 SPACE STATION 1.1.1 HARDWARE 1.1.1.1 PROCESSORS 1 . 1 .l .2 NETWORK INTERF 1.1.1.3 BRIDGES 1.1.1.4 GATEWAYS

U N I T

1.1.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORK 1.1.1 - 6 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 1.1.1.7 WORKSTATIONS 1.1.2 SOFTWARE 1.1.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEM 1 - 1 -2.2 APPLICATION 1 . l .2.3 MAINTENANCE 1.1 -3 INTEGRATION

1.2 CO-ORBITING PLATFORM 1 .2.1 HARDWARE 1.2.1.1 PROCESSORS 1.2.1.2 N I U ' S 1.2.1.3 BRIDGES 1.2.1.4 GATEWAYS 1.2.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORK 1.2.1.6 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 1 .2.2 SOFTWARE 1 .2.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEM 1.2.2.2 APPLICATION 1.2.3 INTEGRATION

1.3 POLAR ORBITING PLATFORM 1 .3.1 HARDWARE 1.3.1.1 PROCESSORS 1.3.1.2 N I U ' S 1.3.1.3 BRIDGES 1 .3.1 . 4 GATEWAYS 1.3.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORK 1.3.1.6 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 1 .3.2 SOFTWARE 1 -3.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEM 1.3.2.2 APPLICATION 1.3.3 INTEGRATION

( N I U ' S )

22

T a b l e 3.3-1 (cont'd)

2.0 GROUND SEGMENT

2.1 DATA HANDLING CENTER 2.1 .l HARDWARE 2.1 - 1 - 1 PROCESSORS 2.1 -1.2 N I U ' S 2.1.1.3 BRIDGES 2.1.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.1.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.1 .l -6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.1.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.1.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.1.2 SOFTWARE 2.1 .2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.1 .2.2 APPLICATION 2.1.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION & ACTIVATION

2.2 LEVEL ZERO PROCESSING F A C I L I T Y (LZPF) - GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER (GSFC) LOW- RATE

2.2.1 HARDWARE 2.2.1.1 2.2.1.2 2.2.1.3 2.2.1.4 2.2.1.5 2.2.1 -6 2.2.1.7 2.2.1.8

PROCESSORS N I U ' S BRIDGES GATEWAYS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS LOCAL BUSSES MASS STORAGE DEVICES WORKSTATIONS

2.2.2 SOFTWARE 2.2.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.2.2.2 APPLICATION 2.2.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

2.3 LEVEL ZERO PROCESSING F A C I L I T Y - GSFC HIGH-RATE 2.3.1 HARDWARE 2.3.1 .l PROCESSORS 2.3.1.2 N I U ' S 2.3.1 -3 BRIDGES 2.3.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.3.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.3.1.6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.3.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.3.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.3.2 SOFTWARE 2.3.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.3.2.2 APPLICATION 2.3.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

23

Table 3.3-1 ( c o n t ' d )

2.4 LEVEL ZERO PROCESSING F A C I L I T Y - JET PROPULSION LABORATORY ( J P L ) HIGH-RATE 2.4.1 HARDWARE 2.4.1 .l PROCESSORS 2.4.1.2 N I U ' S 2.4.1.3 BRIDGES 2.4.1 .4 GATEWAYS 2.4.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.4.1.6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.4.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.4.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.4.2 SOFTWARE 2.4.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.4.2.2 APPLICATION 2.4.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

2.5 GROUND SERVICES CENTER 2.5.1 HARDWARE 2.5.1.1 PROCESSORS 2.5.1.2 N I U ' S 2.5.1.3 BRIDGES 2.5.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.5.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.5.1 .6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.4.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.5.1 .8 WORKSTATIONS 2.5.2 SOFTWARE 2.5.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.5.2.2 APPLICATION 2.5.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

2.6 SPACE STATION OPERATIONAL CONTROL CENTER 2.6.1 HARDWARE 2.6.1 .l PROCESSORS 2.6.1.2 N I U ' S 2.6.1.3 BRIDGES 2.6.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.6.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.6.1 .6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.6.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.6.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.6.2 SOFTWARE 2.6.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.6.2.2 APPLICATION 2.6.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

24

Table 3.3-1 (cont'd)

2.7 SPACE STATION ENGINEERING DATA CENTER 2.7.1 HARDWARE 2.7.1.1 PROCESSORS 2.7.1.2 N I U ' S 2.7.1.3 BRIDGES 2.7.1 .4 GATEWAYS 2.7.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.7.1.6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.7.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.7.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.7.2 SOFTWARE 2.7.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.7.2.2 APPLICATION 2.7.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

2.8 POP/COP CONTROL CENTER 2.8.1 HARDWARE 2.8.1 .l PROCESSORS 2.8.1.2 N I U ' S 2.8.1.3 BRIDGES 2.8.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.8.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.8.1.6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.8.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.8.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.8.2 SOFTWARE 2.8.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.8.2.2 APPLICATION 2.8.3 FACIL ITY. INTEGRATION

2.9 POP/COP ENGINEERING DATA CENTER 2.9.1 HARDWARE 2.9.1 .l PROCESSORS 2.9.1.2 N I U ' S 2.9.1.3 BRIDGES 2.9.1.4 GATEWAYS 2.9.1.5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 2.9.1 .6 LOCAL BUSSES 2.9.1.7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES 2.9.1.8 WORKSTATIONS 2.9.2 SOFTWARE 2.9.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEMS 2.9.2.2 APPLICATION 2.9.3 F A C I L I T Y INTEGRATION

3.0 MANAGEMENT 3.1 SPACE SEGMENT 3.2 GROUND SEGMENT

25

T a b l e 3.3-1 ( c o n t ' d )

4 . 0 SYSTEM ENGINEERING & INTEGRATION ( S E & I ) 4 . 1 SPACE SEGMENT 4 . 2 GROUND SEGMENT

5 .0 PRODUCT ASSURANCE 5 . 1 SPACE SEGMENT 5 . 2 GROUND SEGMENT

6.0 SYSTEM TEST & VERIF ICATION 6 . 1 SPACE SEGMENT 6 . 2 GROUND SEGMENT

7 .0 GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (GSE)

8.0 OPERATIONS & SUPPORT

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WBS D I C T I O N A R Y

X . 1 HARDWARE (Genera l ) : Con t rac t End I t e m (B lack Box) c o s t s

Inc ludes :

o DDTLE Costs o P roduc t i on ( & Spares) c o s t s

X . X . l . 1 PROCESSORS: A l l SSDS processors used o n - o r b i t o r on-ground

X . X . 1 . 2 N I U ' s : A l l network i n t e r f a c e u n i t s used o n - o r b i t on on-ground

X . X . 1 . 3 BRIDGES: A l l b r i dges used t o i n t e r c o n n e c t SSDS Local Area Networks (LAN's)

X . X . 1 . 4 GATEWAYS: A l l SSDS gateways

X . X . 1 . 5 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS: A l l hardware assoc ia ted w i t h t h e on-board and ground LAN's

X . X . 1 . 6 LOCAL BUSSES: A l l l o c a l (back end) and p o i n t - t o - p o i n t buss ing used i n on-board and on-ground systems

X . X . 1 . 7 MASS STORAGE DEVICES: A l l mass s to rage dev ices and assoc ia ted suppor t hardware

X . X . 1 . 8 WORKSTATIONS: A l l wo rks ta t i ons and assoc ia ted hardware, on-board and on-ground

X . 2 SOFTWARE (Genera l ) : So f tware costs w i l l i n c l u d e :

o Design, Development, Coding, V e r i f i c a t i o n & V a l i d a t i o n

X . X . 2 . 1 OPERATING SYSTEMS: A l l Network Opera t ing System (NOS) and Opera t ing Systems (OS) so f tware

X . X . 2 . 2 APPLICATION: A l l o t h e r non-NOS and OS so f tware

X . X . 3 INTEGRATION: A l l e f f o r t s t o i n t e g r a t e t h e SSDS w i t h i n Space S t a t i o n Program Element (SSPE)

28

Table 3.3-2 (cont'd) 3.0 MANAGEMENT

The management task cons is t s of Buslness/Technical Mgmt, C o n f i g u r a t i o n Mgmt, and Data / In fo rmat ion Mgmt. The Buslness/Technical Mgmt e f f o r t i s requ i red t o p r o v i d e se rv i ces of P r o j e c t Manager's s t a f f , c o n f i g u r a t i o n management prepares and main ta ins t h e Con f igu ra t i on Management Plan and implementing procedures. The Data / In fo rmat lon Management i s t h a t e f f o r t requ i red t o assure t h a t a l l r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s f o r p repara t i on o f c o n t r a c t u r a l l y r e q u i r e d d e l i v e r a b l e documentat ion/data/ lnformation are de f ined, assigned, scheduled, and s tatused; da ta needs a r e met.

4.0 SYSTEM ENGINEERING AND INTEGRATION

This task c o n s i s t s o f t he e f f o r t s requ i red t o per fo rm and d i r e c t t h e system engineer ing, analyses, and i n t e g r a t i o n a c t i v i t i e s i n suppor t o f the des ign and development a c t i v i t i e s .

5.0 PRODUCT ASSURANCE

This element con ta ins t h e e f f o r t requ i red f o r t h e p lann ing , conduct and suppor t of t h e q u a l i t y assurance, r e l i a b i l i t y , and s a f e t y and m a i n t a i n a b i l i t y programs f o r bo th On-Board and Ground System.

6.0 SYSTEM TEST h V E R I F I C A T I O N

Inc ludes t e s t equipment and operat ions by which t h e pr ime c o n t r a c t o r w i l l i n t e g r a t e , t e s t and v e r i f y On-Board and/or Ground segment system l e v e l hardware and sof tware.

7.0 GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

Inc ludes t h e l a b o r and m a t e r l a l requ i red t o design, develop, manufacture, procure, assemble, t e s t , checkout and d e l i v e r a l l o f t h e va r ious GSE hardware r e q u i r e d f o r On-Board system checkout and f i n a l assembly. The GSE requirements i n c l u d e t h e equipment needed f o r t e s t and checkout, f a u l t i s o l a t i o n , hand l i ng and t ranspor ta t i on .

8.0 OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT

Inc ludes a l l ground e f f o r t s t o support core system and m a i n t a i n f a c i l i t y opera t ions . Inc ludes a l l non-mission unique a c t i v i t i e s . A c t i v i t i e s i n c l u d e opera t i ons p lann ing , scheduling, core systems mon i to r ing , eng ineer ing da ta p rocess ing and a rch i v ing , e t c .

I

3.4 Cost Es t ima t ion Ground Rules and Assumptions

I n deve lop ing d e t a i l e d and summary cos ts , t h e f o l l o w i n g ground-ru les and

assumptions have been adopted.

o Cont rac tor fees and NASA "wrap" c o s t s have n o t been est imated.

o A c q u i s i t i o n , m o d i f i c a t i o n , and o p e r a t i o n a l cos ts f o r I n s t . i t u t i o n a 1

f a c i l i t i e s ou ts ide t h e SSDS boundaries a r e excluded.

o Opera t iona l cos ts f o r e x i s t i n g and/or c u r r e n t l y planned NASA Test Beds,

S imu la t i on Systems and F a c i l i t i e s a re excluded.

o H/W and S/W products have been considered as new development f o r t h e

On-Board segment.

o A l l cos ts a r e expressed i n f Y 1987 d o l l a r s .

o F a c i l i t y b r i c k and mortar costs a r e excluded.

o A p p l i c a t i o n so f tware for both Space and Ground segments w i l l be

est imated.

o Hardware has been assumed t o be common between Space S t a t i o n and

p l a t f o r m s (bo th COP and POP), thus e l i m i n a t i n g development cos ts f o r p l a t f o r m

equipment. Rad ia t i on hardening costs f o r t h e p o l a r p l a t f o r m were n o t considered.

o Opera t iona l (Ground segment) cos ts a r e p rov ided i n man-years/year.

o Recur r ing hardware ( f l i g h t un i ts /spares p roduc t i on ) w i l l be produced a t c o s t e f f e c t i v e p roduc t i on r a t e .

30

3.5 Cost inq Methodologies

As noted i n t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n t o Sect ion 3.0, t h e c o s t es t ima t ions p rov ided he re - in have been somewhat coarse due t o schedule and resource l i m i t a t i o n s .

Costs have been g e n e r a l l y based on e m p i r i c a l approx imat ions, end-item

comparisons, and eng ineer ing estimates. I d e n t i f i e d methodologies a r e l i s t e d

I n t h e f o l l o w i n g two sec t i ons addressing Space segment and Ground segment

est imates respec t i ve 1 y .

3.5.1 Space Seqment Methodoloqies

o Spares Requirements: The requ i red number o f spares was computed by ass umi ng :

1) a re-supply i n t e r v a l o f 3 months f o r t h e Space S t a t l o n and a

6 month i n t e r v a l f o r the p l a t f o r m s .

2) a u n i t MTBF o f 10,000 hours when powered and 100,000 when n o t

powered.

3 ) redundant p l a t f o r m elements a r e powered o f f u n t i l needed.

4) a 99% p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t t h e minimum requ i red hardware complement i s a v a i l a b l e .

o Sof tware S iz ing : Memory s i z l n g was ignored when i d e n t i f i e d as b u f f e r s to rage (C&T-400 KBytes, IDMS-950 KBytes, Cust. P/L-2MBytes). Bytes were

conver ted t o source l i n e s o f code (SLOC) by t h e f a c t o r 4 bytes/SLOC. Because

o f t h e enforcement o f commonality, t h e s i z e o f t h e unique S/W f o r POP1 was

assumed t o be 10% o f t h e Space S t a t i o n S/W s i z e and 5% was assumed f o r POP2

and COP.

o System Test and V e r l f i c a t l o n : Costed as a 10 man l e v e l o f e f f o r t (LOE)

f o r each STS launch package; 3 concurrent events f o r t h e Space S t a t i o n and 1

event f o r each p l a t f o r m . App l i ca t i on S/W suppor t was assumed t o be prov ided by t h e subsystem c o n t r a c t o r .

31

o Hardware Elements: The Subsystem da ta Processor (SOP), Network I n t e r f a c e U n i t ( N I U ) , and Br idge (6 ) elements were considered t o be o f equal

complex i ty and cos t ; t h e i r c o s t was based on t h e O r b i t e r upgrade computer.

The non- recur r ing c o s t f o r these components was based on t h e m o d i f i c a t i o n

e f f o r t f o r a comparable u n i t be ing developed f o r another program.

Works ta t ion (WS) and Mass Storage (MS) cos ts were based on O r b i t e r and o the r

c u r r e n t program experience.

The

o Ground Support Equipment: The GSE requi rements were based on t h e need t o

suppor t four f a c i l i t i e s and produc t ion s imul taneously . Unique equipment was assumed f o r each hardware element w i t h a t o t a l o f 8 each f o r t h e SOP, NIU and 8, and 6 each f o r t h e MS and WS.

o Sof tware Development/Matntenance: OS and NOS sof tware development was

costed us ing a 65 SLOC/man-month p r o d u c t i v i t y f a c t o r over a t h r e e year

pe r iod . Follow-on maintenance u n t i l launch u t i l i z e d a p r o d u c t i v i t y o f 6000

SLOC/man-month LO€.

a p p l i c a t i o n so f tware were 110 SLOC/man-month and 15000 SLOC/man-month LOE

r e s p e c t i v e l y .

Development and maintenance f a c t o r s u t i l i z e d f o r

These f a c t o r s a r e based on STS program experience.

o Labor: Labor was est imated a t $105,00O/yr-man, (1985).

o Data Management System (DMS) I n t e g r a t i o n : OMS i n t e g r a t i o n cos ts f o r t he

Space S t a t i o n i n c l u d e a f a c i l i t i e s c o s t o f t16M (1985) and a 20 man LO€; each

p l a t f o r m c o s t cons i s ted on ly o f a 10 man LOE.

o Product Assurance: Product Assurance was est imated as 4% o f t h e

r e c u r r i n g hardware cos t . Software QA cos ts a re i nc luded i n the p r o d u c t i v i t y f a c t o r s .

o System Engineer ing and Integration/Management: S E & I cos ts were est imated as 15% o f t he S/W, H/W and GSE cds ts ; management ( i n c l u d e s p r o j e c t and l i n e management) cos ts were estimated as 15% o f a l l o the r cos ts .

32

3.5.2 Ground Segment Methodologies

o Design, development, t e s t i n g and eng ineer ing (DDT&E): DDT&E f o r

Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) equipment a r e zero; DDT&E cos ts f o r

s p e c i a l - b u i l d hardware were n o t shared between f a c i l i t i e s f o r s i m i l a r equipment.

o Hardware Procurement: A l l hardware was considered t o be purchased, n o t

leased; no volume purchase d iscounts were considered.

o A p p l i c a t i o n Software: A p p l i c a t i o n so f tware cos ts a r e 3 t o 4 t imes the c o s t o f t he assoc ia ted processor hardware.

o Sof tware Commonality: The re-use o f a p p l i c a t i o n s so f tware between a

Space S t d t i o n and a P l a t f o r m f a c i l i t y was n o t assumed.

o A p p l i c a t i o n Sof tware Maintenance: Annual a p p l i c a t i o n s so f tware

maintenance cos ts a r e 20% o f t h e development cos ts and a r e n o t shown.

o F a c i l i t y I n t e g r a t i o n : F a c i l i t y A c t i v a t i o n and System I n t e g r a t i o n were

est imated as 15% o f t h e t o t a l H/W and S/W cos ts f o r t h e f a c i l i t y .

o F a c i l i t y Opera t iona l S t a f f i n g : It was assumed t h a t key f a c i l i t y

p o s i t i o n s were con t inuous ly manned. It i s recognized t h a t i f schedul ing o f

m iss ion a c t l v i t l e s was op t im ized w i t h respec t t o t h e ground c o n t r o l l e r crew,

t h e number o f c o n t r o l l e r s cou ld be reduced. Th is was n o t cons idered l i k e l y o r

d e s i r a b l e however, due t o scheduling compl ica t ions and t h e requi rement f o r cont ingency suppor t .

33

3.6 Cost Summaries

3.6

The

e s t

1 %ace Seqment

t o t a l cos t f o r implementat ion o f t he Space Segment, as bounded by the

mat ion scope, ground r u l e s and assumptions i s 3634.6M. I n summary t h i s

f l g u r e represents t h e implementation c o s t t o develop and support the SSDS Space Segment through i n t e g r a t i o n i n t o the a p p r o p r i a t e launch packages; c o s t s

beyond t h a t p o i n t , 1.e. f o r support o f launch, bu i l d -up support and subsequent

opera t ions a r e n o t Inc luded. I t I s noted, however, t h a t some (pre-IOC)

so f tware maintenance for bo th OS/NOS and a p p l i c a t i o n programs i s i nc luded i n these est imates.

These costs a re a l l non- recur r lng w i t h the except ion o f hardware p roduc t i on

run costs . Summation o f these c o s t s y i e l d s a d i s t r i b u t i o n o f 3160.1M Recurr ing, and 3474.5M Non-Recurring.

C o s t est imates f o r t he i n d i v i d u a l WBS elements a r e p rov ided i n Table 3.6.1-1.

D e t a i l s o f t h e hardware development/recurr ing costs and so f tware

s iz ing/development costs f o r both the Space S t a t i o n and p l a t f o r m ( s ) a re p rov ided i n Figures 3.6.1-1 through 3.6.1-6.

Time-phased d i s t r i b u t i o n s o f these elements a re p rov ided i n F igures 3.6.1-7 through 3.6.1-1 5.

34

WBS

1 . 1

1 . 2

1 . 3

1 . 3

3 .1

4 .1

5.1

6 .1

7 . 1

Table 3.6.1-1

SPACE SEGMENT SUMMARY COSTS

DESCRIPTION RECURRING ( S M ) NON-RECURRING ($M)

Space S t a t l o n 63 .2 248.7

COP 32.3 10.6

POP 1 32 .3 1 6 . 6

POP 2 32.3 10.0

Management 0 82.7

SE&I 0 66.2

Product Assurance 0 7 . 2

System Test b V e r l f 0 12.5

Ground Support Equipment 0 20.6

TOTALS : 160.1 474.5

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3.6.2 Ground Segment Costs

3.6.2.1 Implementation Costs

The implementation cost for the Ground Segment, again as bounded by the estimation scope, ground rules and assumptions, i s f509.01M. This figure represents the full development and integration costs for ground system readiness to support IOC. The estimates utilized a large percentage o f

Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware whlch is categorized as "recurrent" costs; the total implementation cost breaks down to S160.05M Recurring and t348.96M Non-Recurring.

Costs for the indlvldual WBS elements are provided in Table 3.6.2-1. Tlme-phased distributlons are provided in Flgure 3.6.2-1 through 3 . 6 . 2 - 2 2 .

51

WBS

2 . 1

2 . 2

2 . 3

2.4

2 . 5

2 . 6

2.7

2 . 8

2 . 9

3 . 2

4 . 2

5 . 2

6 . 2

T a b l e 3 .6.2-1

Ground Segment Summary C o s t s

DESCRIPTION RECURRING ( t M )

DATA HANDLING CENTER 29.4

LZPF GSFC LO-RATE 11 .4

LZPF GSFC HI-RATE 23.4

LZPF JPL HI-RATE 8 . 4

GROUND SERVICES CENTER 2 .88

SPACE STATION OPERATION 27.73 CONTROL CENTER

SPACE STATION ENGINEERING 16.97 DATA CENTER

PLATFORM CONTROL CENTER 22.9

POP/COP ENGINEERING 16.97 DATA CENTER

MANAGEMENT 0

S E & I 0

PRODUCT ASSURANCE 0

SYSTEM TEST & V E R I F 0

NON-RECURRING ( $ M I

33.2

12 .3

15 .5

9.7

5.94

54 .88

33 .60

43.62

33.60

20.33

29.65

1.865

54.77

TOTALS ( t M ) 160.05 348.96

52

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ORlGlNAL PAGE 93 OF POOR QUALW

Figure 3 . 6 . 2 - 1 2 . Space Station Operational Control Center

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ORIGINAL PAGE IS OF POOR QUALtTY

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74

3.6.2.2 ODerat ional Costs

Operat ional s t a f f i n g f o r each of the ground f a c i l i t i e s was est imated i n t h i s c o s t i n g e f f o r t . As noted i n the ground r u l e s and assumptions, i t was

d i f f i c u l t t o separate gener ic s t a f f i n g f r o m miss ion unique requirements

t h e r e f o r e t h a t v i s i b i l i t y i s no t provided.

p rov ided based on 24-hour coverage. These o p e r a t l o n a l cos ts i n man-years per

year a re prov ided i n Table 3.6.2-2.

I n a d d i t i o n , t he s t a f f i n g i s

Table 3.6.2-2

GROUND SEGMENT OPERATIONAL COSTS

FACILITY

DHC

LZPF GSFC LO-RATE

LZPF GSFC HI-RATE

LZPF JPL HI-RATE

GSC

ssocc

SSEDC

P/F CC

POP/COPEDC

STAFFING (MANYEARWYEAR)

36

52

52

28

32

276

4

136

36

75

3.6.3 To ta l SSDS Implementat ion C o s t s

The t o t a l implementat ion costs f o r t h e SSDS i s s imp ly t h e summation o f t he Onboard and Ground Systems cos ts prov ided i n sec t ions 3.6.1 and 3.6.2. Th is

t o t a l i s $1,143.58# and cons is t s o f 3339.02M Recurr ing p l u s f804.56M

Non-Recurring. D i s t r i b u t i o n o f these cos ts across the WBS elements i s p rov ided i n Table 3.6.3-1.

3.6.4 Code S/Code T Est imated Funding R e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s

As p a r t o f t h e c o s t i n g es t tma t ion e f f o r t , NASA requested est imates o f t h e Code S and Code T element fund ing r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . The f i r s t e f f o r t was t o

develop an a l l o c a t i o n o f Onboard and Ground System components t o a Code S/Code T implementatlon/operation r e s p o n s i b i l i t y m a t r i x . Th is m a t r i x ,

p rov ided as Appendix A t o t h i s repor t , was generated based on NASA prov ided

i n p u t s and gu ide l i nes .

Based on the a l l o c a t i o n ma t r i x , the t o t a l element cos ts are:

Code S: f814.9M Code 1: f328.7M

Time-phased c o s t d i s t r l b u t l o n s o f t h e a l l o c a t e d cos ts a re p rov ided i n F igure

3.6.4-1.

76

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ORIGINAL PAGE OF POOR QUALfTY -

f e , 71 e :

0 c c > Y

4.0 SSDS Program Schedules

Program schedu l ing i s necessa r i l y the fundamental e f f o r t o f any success fu l Program Plan. I t prov ides t h e t ime- l i nes and key p r o j e c t mi les tones a g a i n s t

which t h e c o s t and man-power resources must be metered. I t a l l o w s over-v iew

o f c r i t i c a l task phasing i n suppor t ing i n i t i a l f e a s i b i l i t y de te rm ina t ions

a g a i n s t p r o j e c t mi les tones and prov ides an on-going t o o l t o eva lua te e f f e c t s

of program p e r t u r b a t i o n s .

4.1 I n t r o d u c t i o n

-The i n t e n t o f t h l s s e c t i o n i s t o p rov ide over-v iew schedules o f the SSDS Implementat Ion e f f o r t s . The schedules a r e c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e Work Breakdown

S t r u c t u r e (WBS) o f Sec t i on 3 . 3 a l though schedu l ing r e s o l u t i o n i s o n l y t o the

t h i r d l e v e l ( X . X . X ) WBS elements. Separate schedules a r e prov ided f o r t he

On-Board and Ground Systems p r i m a r i l y t o m a i n t a l n manageable p resen ta t i ons .

4.2 Scope

The schedules prov ided a r e l i m i t e d t o t h e SSDS On-Board and Ground Systems as b a s i c a l l y de f i ned i n t h e Task 4 Report, Sect ions 6.0 and 7.0 r e s p e c t i v e l y .

The schedule p rov ided are i n t h e f o r m of s lmple bar c h a r t s . Gant t or P e r t c h a r t formats i d e n t i f y i n g the under l y ing comp lex i t i es , c r i t i c a l paths, e t c . ,

a r e beyond t h e remain ing resource c a p a b i l i t y of t h e s tudy.

A s i n t h e case o f t h e c o s t l n g e f f o r t , t h e SSE and D S I T elements o f t h e SSOS

have n o t been addressed.

4.3 Ground-Rules and Assumptions

The f o l l o w i n g represent the s i g n i f i c a n t ground-ru les and assump i n deve lop ing t h e schedules.

ions u t i l i z e d

1. Major program ml lestones have been adopted f rom those o f the c u r r e n t

Level C / D p lann ing

79

2 . The f i r s t p l a t f o r m , de f l ned by t h e Langley Data Base as P O P 1 w i l l be

deployed c o i n c i d e n t w i t h S t a t i o n I O C ; P O P 2 and then the C O P w i l l f o l l o w on

6-month i n t e r v a l s . POP 3 , a l s o i d e n t i f i e d i n t h e Langley Data Base has no t

been addressed.

3 . The ' co re suppor t ' elements o f t h e SSOS Ground System must be i n p lace and o p e r a t i o n a l t o support t h e f irst launch.

4 .4 Methodoloqy

The methodologies u t i l i z e d f o r t h e schedule development have been eng ineer ing

es t ima t ions based on i n s i g h t and experience w i t h p r i o r programs.

4.5 Schedules

The On-Board system schedule and requ i red WBS de f ined support i t e m and Ground

Systems schedule and r e q u i r e d WBS def ined support i tems a r e prov ided i n ~

F igures 4.5.1 and 4 .5 .2 r e s p e c t i v e l y .

80

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5.0 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

NASA has f o r e c a s t technology development requi rements f o r t h e Space S t a t i o n Program based on e a r l i e r s tud ies /ana lys l s o f t h e deve lop ing des ign

requi rements, and i s suppor t ing / fund ing those techno log ies through advanced

development ( A / D ) p r o j e c t p lans. I t i s t h e i n t e n t o f t h i s s e c t i o n t o eva lua te

technology issues i d e n t i f i e d by the MDAC SSDS A/A Study a g a i n s t these NASA

advanced development p lans .

A summary o f the NASA SSDS app l i cab le advanced development tasks i s p rov ided

i n Sec t i on 5.3. Study a r e p rov ided i n Sec t i on 5.4 and t h e conclusions/recommendations r e s u l t i n g f rom the e v a l u a t i o n I s prov ided i n Sec t i on 5.5.

Advanced Technology Development candidates i d e n t i f i e d by t h e

5.2 SCOPE

Th is e f f o r t w i l l be l i m i t e d t o an assessment o f those techno log ies d i r e c t l y

u t i l i z e d by t h e MDAC Study Task 4 System D e f i n i t i o n s and t o techno log ies t h a t

were d iscounted d u r i n g t h e Task 3 t r ade s tud ies because of "development

r i s k " . By NASA d i r e c t i o n , o n l y NASA sponsored development a c t i v i t i e s w i l l be

addressed; current /proposed i n d u s t r y I R & D a c t i v i t i e s have n o t been considered and were n o t f a c t o r e d i n t o t h e Sect ion 5.5 recommendations.

5.3 NASA ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT SUMMARY

The NASA advanced development summary prov ided i n t h i s s e c t i o n i s an

e x t r a c t i o n f rom two bas ic sources. The f i r s t i s t he "Space S t a t i o n Data

Management Advanced Development P ro jec t P lan" p rov ided d i r e c t l y by NASA; the

second source i s t h e Commerce Business D a i l y which was surveyed f o r a d d i t i o n a l

NASA sponsored activities i n the SSDS technology areas.

The i tems I n t h i s s e c t i o n represent t h e s tudy team assessment of. t h e o v e r - a l l NASA SSDS o r i e n t e d advanced development p lans .

83

o SSE Development Activities - JSC: Development of direct analytical support required for synthesis of SSE requirements in coherent formulations suitable for end-item management products. (SSE Computer) capability for evaluation of SSE software.

JSC also to provide a prototyping

o ADA Evaluation/Implementation - JSC, Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), National Space Technology Laboratory (NSTL): JSC to develop guidelines for use of Ada for SSE and to evaluate detailed implications of Ada applied to 'real time' applications requiring rigorous verification. NSTL to code the Payload Simulator (Ref. Task 40) in Ada.

o Network/Bus Interface Unlts - JSC, GSFC: GSFC to design/prototype a hardware BIU for testing the GSFC Star Bus system. JSC to produce a commercially-derived "Multi-compatible Network Interface Unit", consistent with the OS1 model, to support differing topologies.

o Gateway Development - GSFC: Development and prototyping of a gateway to couple the networks being developed at JSC and GSFC.

o Workstation Development - LARC: Development of a state-of-the-art flight type workstation for evaluation in the Test Bed. Will incorporate findings from 'User Interface' tasks.

o Space Qualified Computers - JPL: An assessment of VHSIC technology and Its Impact/applicability to IOC. Also Includes development of steps required to harden candidate processors against SEU and total dose affects.

a4

o User Accommodatlon/Interface Definition - GSFC, JSC: GSFC to prototype actual 'tail circuit' designs suitable for interface with representative payloads and for use In conjunction wlth DMS Test Bed. GSFC to define access protocols/techniques for user Interface to DMS services. GSFC to develop a set of candidate techniques for payload command and control scenarios to be evaluated on the DMS Test Bed. GSFC, JSC to define requirements for standard user interface capablllty for on-board and ground access to DMS services.

o OMS Stmulator - MSFC: Development of a rudimentary DMS Simulator to be used by the ACS Test Bed.

o End-to-end Activity - JSC: The merging of the DMS Test Bed in an end-to-end sense with customer (GSFC), C b T, and JSC Ground Support Operations Center Test Beds. Planning and conduct of specific end-to-end testqng using prototype ground workstations to establish ground flight controller interface requirements I s also included.

o Color Flat Panel Display LaRC: In conjunction with the Navy, and Army (ERADCOM), NASA Is funding/managlng a 2-phase contract with Planar Systems to develop a full color, electro-eluminescent display panel. Phase 1 is the development of thin film primary phosphor technique; the phase 2 goal is the development of a 6 " diagonal, 240 X 320 pixel, full color display.

85

5.3.1 Space S t a t i o n Data Manaqement Advanced Development P r o j e c t P lan

The "Space S t a t i o n Data Management System Advanced Development P r o j e c t Plan" c o n s i s t s o f 42 separable tasks assigned t o var ious NASA Centers t o p r o v i d e a

coherent program f o r t h e development o f t o o l s and techno log ies ta rge ted t o t h e

On-Board Data Management and t h e Software Support Environment.

summary of t h e p r o j e c t p l a n tasks i s p rov ided i n Appendix D .

A complete

A number o f t h e tasks a r e dedicated t o t h e development/implementation o f an

o p e r a t i o n a l Data Management System Test Bed. The remaln ing tasks a r e summarized by genera l s u b j e c t below:

o Network Eva lua t i on - Ames Research Center ( A R C ) : An ongoing c a p a b i l i t y t o comprehensively eva lua te t h e Goddard Space F l i g h t Center (GSFC) F i b e r Op t i cs Data System (FODS) network (Task 7 ) ; t h i s C a p a b i l i t y i s be ing expanded t o model t h e Johnson Space Center (JSC) F ibe r D i s t r i b u t e d Data I n t e r f a c e

( F D D I ) Token Ring system (Task 13) and t h e IBM unique network i n development

(IR&D).

o Network Operat ing System - JSC, GSFC: Both centers a r e t o develop and

p r o t o t y p e complementary NOS segments, de r i ved from commercial products ,

compat ib le w i t h t h e Open Systems In te rconnect ions ( O S I ) Model. The two

segments a r e t o be combined i n t o one NOS for use on e i t h e r t h e GSFC or JSC network topo log ies .

o I n t e r n a t i o n a l Standards Organizat ion (ISO/OSI) Model Implementat ions:

Commercial implementations and evo lv ing i n d u s t r y standards a r e be ing

comprehensively evaluated.

o LISP Processor/Expert Systems - JSC: Implementat ion o f a LISP processor

c a p a b i l i t y t o hos t c o n t r a c t o r developed "exper t systems".

86

5.3.2 Survey O f Commerce Business Daily (CBD)

Two entries in the CBD were Identified as independent from and supplemental to the activities o f Section 5.3.1. These entry/activities are:

1. Non-Volatile Solid State Memory - LaRC (CBD Pub. Date 9/7/84): Demonstration of a high data rate, non-volatile solid state memory. o f work encompasses definition of two functional models using Metal Nitride Oxide Semiconductor (MNOS) and Silicon Nitride oxide Semiconductor (SNOS) devices.

The scope

2. Optical Olsk Recorder (10 Gigabit) - GSFC (CBD Pub. Date 1/17/85): Development of ruggedized versions of commercially available technology. initial phase will utilize available “write-once“ devices then will address eraseable disk technology.

The

5.4 SSDS A / A Study Technolow DeveloDment Candidates

In the course of the SSOS A/A Study, options developed in support of the functional’ requirements were evaluated within associated Task 3 Trade Studies to determine the preferred approach/technologies. In these trade studies, projected availability/development risk was a primary evaluation parameter. Consequently, the Task 4 system definitions include some “fall-backt’ solutions i n cases where technically superior technologies were discounted because of development risk. plans, the set of advanced development candidates provided here includes not only technologies used directly I n the Study system definitions but also those that, with intensive development, would provide a significant payoff for the Space Station Program. The total candidate list therefore consists of the following:

To support a more comprehensive evaluation of the NASA

87

o F i b e r Opt ic Network: The ANSI X3T9.5, a lOOMbps, r i n g topology, token access format network was se lec ted f o r t h e On-Board l o c a l area network (LAN) design. Th is emerging standard must be pro to typed/eva lua ted i n suppor t o f

p r e l i m i n a r y SSDS des ign dec is ions .

o N IU : The Network I n t e r f a c e U n i t f o r t h e On-Board system has been

f u n c t i o n a l l y de f i ned t o support OS1 l a y e r 1 th rough l a y e r 4 se rv i ces , and

d e f i n e d p ro toco ls , w h i l e s a t i s f y i n g t h e lOOMbps network da ta r a t e .

dev i ce must be pro to typed and evaluated i n terms o f f u n c t i o n a l i t y and

performance ( th roughput ) i n support o f p r e l i m i n a r y des ign dec i s ions .

Comparable dev ices be ing developed on Do0 programs have demonstrated the N I U

dev i ce t o be i n t h e c r i t i c a l p a t h o f t h e da ta p rocess ing system development.

Hardware complex i ty i s a des ign concern. Th is i s r e f l e c t e d i n terms o f

o v e r a l l h i g h p a r t s count, h i g h speed requirements r e l a t e d t o t h e 100 Mbps f i b e r o p t i c i n t e r f a c e , a necess i t y f o r ex tens i ve b u i l t - i n f a u l t d e t e c t i o n t o

m a i n t a i n bus topology f a u l t to lerance, and a layered des ign t o accommodate

technology i n s e r t i o n f o r pos t I O C .

Th i s

o SDP: The s tandard da ta processor f o r t h e On-Board system was de f i ned

w i t h a performance o f 2MIPS and a 4MByte memory. F a u l t t o l e r a n c e w i l l be a

requi rement . VHSIC technology i s a n t i c i p a t e d w i t h i t s performance and

p o t e n t i a l t o t a l dose r a d i a t i o n advantages. However t h e p r o b a b i l i t y o f a V H S I C

SDP des ign t o suppor t I O C I s quest ionable. S i n g l e event upset phenomenon w i l l

a l s o remain an issue.

I t i s c u r r e n t l y a n t i c i p a t e d t h a t t h e s e l e c t i o n o f an i n s t r u c t i o n se t

a r c h i t e c t u r e must be made e s s e n t i a l l y a t Space S t a t i o n phase C/O c o n t r a c t

s t a r t da te . Since t h e onboard Data Management Subsystem must l end t h e o the r

subsystem development, an o f f - t he -she l f SOP migh t be a necess i t y . Th is

i m p l i e s t h a t f l i g h t q u a l i f i a b l e a 2 MIP-4Mbyte des ign must e x i s t w i t h i n the

n e x t two years. I f t h i s i s t he case, then NASA must I n i t l a t e near term

a c t i v i t y r e l a t e d t o t h e SDP.

88

o Protocols/Formats: O f t h e ISO/OSI f o r t h e LAN's and t h e CCSDS

d e f i n i t i o n s f o r t h e Space-Space, and Space-Ground communication l i n k s . i s a

e s s e n t i a l l y a Program given.

formats, packet sw i t ch ing and da ta d i s t r i b u t i o n , w i l l r e s u l t i n a d d i t i o n a l

e v o l u t i o n o f a t l e a s t t h e CCSDS fo rmats /s t ruc tu res . However, i n o rde r t o meet

space s t a t i o n requirements some changes t o t h e d e t a i l e d CCSDS formats must be

End-to-end des ign, i n terms o f coherent packet

made. Over t a c t i o n i s requested on NASA's p a r t t o cause t h i s t o occur .

o D i s t r i b u t e d Network Operating System: For t h e On-Board System, a

network ing, d i s t r i b u t e d process ing a r c h i t e c t u r e was de f i ned supported by a

d i s t r i b u t e d opera t i ng system. The DOS was f u n c t i o n a l l y de f i ned a t a

r e l a t i v e l y h i g h l e v e l and represents a s i g n i f i c a n t development r i s k .

t h e space s t a t i o n complex i ty has never been designed and b u i l t be fore .

Severa l systems i n DoD programs have developed requi rements and i n i t i a t e d

breadboard l e v e l t e s t i n g bu t none have been success fu l to-date. P a r t i t i o n i n g

o f DOS f u n c t i o n s between t h e SDP and t h e N I U a long w i t h what l e v e l o f dynamic

r e c o n f i g u r a t i o n which can be al lowed a t t h e network l e v e l pose cons iderab le

a l t e r n a t i v e s . Network l e v e l redundancy management schemes may or may n o t be

i n t e g r a l t o t h e DOS design. E a r l y f u n c t i o n a l l o c a t i o n and designs should be p ro to typed and exerc ised i n a t e s t bed environment.

A DOS o f

o D i s t r i b u t e d Data Base Management System (DBMS): The ex tens i ve amount o f

On-Board and On-Ground da ta must be updated and manipulated w i t h a de f i ned

da ta cons is tency and min imal query response t imes. A d i s t r i b u t e d DBMS was

se lec ted f o r t he On-Board des ign but represents a development r i s k .

Commercial developments o f d i s t r i b u t e d DBMS'S have been under development f o r

severa l years b u t no s i g n i f i c a n t c a p a b i l i t y re leases a r e i n use t o date. The

a b i l i t y t o ma in ta in a r e a l t ime d i s t r i b u t e d da ta base and c o n c u r r e n t l y t o

p r o v i d e a p p l i c a t i o n so f tware a reasonable q u a n t i t y o f h i s t o r i c a l snapshots o f

t h e same data as w e l l as o the r c o r r e l a t a b l e da ta poses a cha l l eng ing DBMS

des ign .

o Command/Resource Management: A l l o c a t i o n o f resources t o f u l l payload

complements and

S t a t i o n / P l a t f o r m w h i l e suppor t i ng

s tudy made some

nsu r ing t h a t payload commands do n o t j eopard i ze the

h e a l t h and we l fa re o r da ta q u a l i t y o f o the r payloads a l l t e lesc ience concept, i s a major development i t e m . The MDAC

n- roads on the subject b u t t he concepts and methodologies

89

were n o t completed. p i v o t a l t o the customer u t i l i t y . To compl ica te ma t te rs f u r t h e r the

cons ide ra t i ons of p r i v a c y and s e c u r i t y p r o v i d e o t h e r c o n s t r a i n t s i n the

comnand management implementat ion. The dynamics o f t h e onboard core and

payload s t a t e makes f o r a tremendous bookkeeping problem a long w i t h convenient

methods f o r p r e d i c t a b i l i t y o f resource u t i l i z a t i o n .

This sub jec t , I n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h m iss ion schedu l ing i s

Both commands and resource d e f i n i t i o n r e q u i r e l a r g e amounts of data. However,

t h e most d i f f i c u l t t h i n g t o cope w i t h i s t h e development o f t he a lgo r i t hms t o

use t h i s da ta i n a p r e d i c t i v e and d e t e r m i n i s t i c manner. P ro to typ ing o f these

a lgo r i t hms should be i n i t i a t e d as soon as p o s s i b l e i n o rder t o develop

Implementat ion op t i ons .

command delays need t o be determined i n o rder t o assess computing requirements

i n terms o f throughput, l o c a l memory and mass memory requirements. The

ques t ions of what l e v e l of p a r a l l e l l s m can be achieved because o f a d i s t r i b u t e d processor a r c h i t e c t u r e must be analyzed and op t i ons developed.

Th is a l s o cou ld have d i s t r i b u t e d opera t ing system requirements i m p l i c a t i o n s .

Telescience transparency o f commands and a c t u a l

o Read/Write Opt ical- Disk: Re-wri teable h i g h speed, random access, h i g h

volume, mass s to rage i s a fundamental requirement f o r t h e On-Orbit elements.

The o p t i c a l d i s k technology i s being s t r o n g l y supported based on

government/ industry needs however t h e r e remains some IOC readiness r i s k . Key

a p p l i c a t i o n areas b e n e f i t i n g f r o m t h i s c a p a b i l i t y a r e the f o l l o w i n g :

A. R u f f e r i n g o f de layab le payload data bo th i n space

6. On-board space s t a t i o n data base.

B u f f e r i n g requirements f o r payload space base t o 5x1Ol1 b i t s f o r the POP.

base mass storage inc ludes manuals and

i n f o r m a t i o n w i t h requirements has been b i t s .

data ranges from 2 ~ 1 0 ~ ’ b i t s f o r t he Typ ica l on-board space s t a t i o n data

procedures, so f tware and schedul ing

est imated t o be i n the order o f 2x10 9

90

Eraseable o p t i c a l d i s k I s a r e l a t i v e l y new technology t h a t has t h e h i g h

Wi th p roper

capac i t y and t r a n s f e r r a t e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s t h a t make i t a p o t e n t i a l cand ida te

f o r bo th On-Board and Ground da ta bu f fe r / s to rage a p p l i c a t i o n s . f und ing t h i s dev i ce can be developed and ready f o r use i n t h e 1992 t imeframe.

.

o User Tes t and Con t ro l ( I n t e r f a c e ) Language: Development o f a h i g h l e v e l

c o n t r o l language i s key t o t h e user f r i e n d l i n e s s , p r o d u c t i v i t y , and

t e l e s c i e n c e d r i v e r s . Experience w i t h t h e Launch Process ion System (LPS) goal

language usage has shown t o o much t i g h t coup l i ng o f t h e use o f t h e language

w i t h t h e d e t a i l s o f t h e LPS hardware a r c h i t e c t u r e . The MDAC team has had

s imi , la r experiences w i t h supposed gener ic comnerc ia l t e s t systems. The a b i l i t y t o develop a space s t a t i o n t e s t and c o n t r o l language, i t s a t tendan t

preprocessors and a r c h i t e c t u r e dependant execut ion r e s t r i c t i o n s and f u r t h e r

w i t h o u t r e q u i r i n g t h e user t o emulate computer programmer thought processes i s

a r e a l chal lenge. To achieve t h e d e s i r e implementat ion goa ls w i l l be a

development process r e q u i r i n g user p a r t i c i p a t i o n and feedback.

p r o t o t y p i n g o f many o f t h e des i rab le language fea tu res should be i n i t i a t e d

immediate ly i n o rder f o r t h e evo lv ing requirements t o be developed. The

des ign o f t h e language has t o accommodate a l a r g e spectrum o f users

encompassing so f tware developers, t e s t engineers, s c i e n t i s t s and ground

c o n t r o l l e r s . Whi le t h i s may suggest many subsets, t h e a b i l i t y t o i n t e g r a t e

these subsets i n t o c o s t e f f e c t i v e and p r a c t i c a l s i z e w ise so f tware

implementat ion w i l l r e q u i r e i nnova t i ve designs.

Rapid

o F l i g h t Q u a l i f i e d A I Processors/Expert Systems: These elements were no t

se lec ted f o r t h e MDAC System D e f i n i t i o n s however they represent s i g n i f i c a n t

ga ins i n meet ing p r o d u c t i v i t y , and autonomy d r i v e r s i n t h e areas o f

schedul ing, maintenance (and t roub le -shoot ing) , e t c . Exper t systems have

emerged i n the commercial wor ld t o a degree t h a t severa l implementations a r e

be ing use i n a h i g h l y improved p r o d u c t i v i t y a p p l i c a t i o n s . However, t he

implementat ions have been accomplished us ing small 6-10 engineer/programmer teams. Severa l a p p l i c a t i o n s f o r the space s t a t i o n promise s i g n i f i c a n t

p r o d u c t i v i t y improvements i f bo th the a lgo r i t hms / in fe rence engine designs can

be developed. One such Candidate i s schedu l ing o f space s t a t i o n resources,

whether i t be f o r power, thermal c o n t r o l o r crew t ime. O f s j g n i f i c a n c e i s t he

91

s i z e o f t h e development team requ i red f o r t h i s deslgn. I t c e r t a i n l y i s an order o f magnitude g r e a t e r than has been done t o date. To implement such a

system onboard t h e space s t a t i o n would very l i k e l y r e q u i r e a f l i g h t q u a l i f i e d

s p e c i a l purpose A I processor . While i t i s n o t expected t h a t such processor

w i l l be a v a i l a b l e f o r I O C i t i s a n t i c i p a t e d t h a t they would be a v a i l a b l e

s h o r t l y a f t e r I O C . Consequently, the s l g n l f i c a n t i nc rease i n p r o d u c t i v i t y and

hence c o s t reduc t i on i s a t t r a c t i v e enough f o r NASA t o cons ider fund ing some

development i n t h i s area.

o Color F l a t Panel Disp lays: This technology, t a r g e t t e d p r i m a r i l y f o r

On-Board works ta t i ons /d i sp lays , prov ides a d i s t i n c t advantage over

monochromatic d i s p l a y s which would r e s u l t i n ga ins i n user /opera tor

p r o d u c t i v i t y . Color p rov ides t h e p o t e n t i a l for g r e a t l y i n c r e a s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n

cod ing c a p a b i l i t y and f l e x i b i l i t y , as w e l l as f o r reduc ing v i s u a l search t ime

on complex d i sp lays . Secondly, luminance requi rements can be reduced w i t h o u t

a r e d u c t i o n i n v i s i b i l i t y o f d isp layed i n f o r m a t i o n because o f t h e a d d i t i o n o f

chromat ic c o n t r a s t . Color a l s o prov ides f o r a g r e a t e r degree o f user

p r o d u c t i v i t y because o f t h e aes the t i c p re fe rence f o r work ing w i t h c o l o r d i sp lays .

Th is technology i s a t an immature l e v e l . The advantages o f b r i gh tness ,

c o n t r a s t r a t i o , and v iewing ang le o f t h i n f i l m e l e c t r o - i l l u m i n e s c e n t (TFEL)

technology over t h e more mature c o l o r LCD technology d i c t a t e t h a t advanced

development e f f o r t be devoted t o c o l o r TFEL. TFEL phosphors f o r red, b lue,

and green c o l o r s have been success fu l l y developed, b u t have y e t t o reach

performance l e v e l s ob ta ined by manganese-doped z inc su lph ide , t h e m a t e r i a l

used t o produce y e l l o w panels . Research e f f o r t needs t o be d i r e c t e d toward

development o f new phosphors, and i n p a r t i c u l a r , f o r t h e development o f an e f f i c i e n t b l u e phosphor.

5.5 Conclusions and Recommendations

Eva lua t i on o f t h e NASA advanced development ( A / D ) p lans a g a i n s t t h e cand ida te

l i s t p rov ided i n Sec t ion 5.4 l e d t o t h e conc lus ion t h a t a number o f

techno log ies need a d d i t i o n a l spec la l emphasis and t h a t t h e NASA A/D p lans

should be so ad jus ted . recommendations, a re i d e n t i f i e d below.

These technologies, w i t h the A/D adjustment

92

1. D i s t r i b u t e d Data Base Management - Th is technology must be pursued by

NASA t o i n s u r e t h a t some l e v e l o f m a t u r i t y i s a v a i l a b l e f o r On-Board and

Ground system u t i l i z a t i o n . I t i s recommended t h a t an A/D Task be es tab l i shed

t o eva lua te a v a i l a b l e commercial systems and develop a p r o t o t y p e system f o r

e v a l u a t i o n on t h e JSC DMS Test Bed.

2. End-to-end pro toco ls / fo rmats - Formats/protocols have a s i g n i f i c a n t

e f f e c t on e f f i c i e n c y , r e l i a b i l i t y and response t imes. I t i s recommended t h a t

Task 32 o f t h e DMS A/D P r o j e c t Plan be expanded t o e x p l i c i t l y address

e v a l u a t i o n of JPL/Contractor developed pro toco ls / fo rmats .

3 . Command/Resource Management - The approach t o t h i s technology i n

Sec t i on 5.0 t h e Task 4 Report represents a p r e l i m i n a r y a t tempt t o meet t h e

necessary payload resource a l l o c a t i o n and t h e system s a f e t y requi rements w h i l e

s a t i s f y i n g t h e te lesc ience concept requi rements. A cons ide rab le amount o f

w o r k / d e f i n i t i o n was prov ided on the s u b j e c t however t h e concept must be

developed f u r t h e r t o n o t o n l y s a t i s f y customer needs b u t a l s o t h e

opera tor /core system needs. I t i s recommended t h a t two e f f o r t s be i n i t i a t e d

t o develop t h i s technology. F i r s t develop a s i rnu la t ion t e s t bed t o eva lua te

command management a lgo r i t hms .

been developed, then use these a lgor i thms i n an end-to-end f u n c t i o n a l

s i m u l a t i o n o f t h e commanding process. Th is f u n c t i o n a l s i m u l a t i o n would then be

exerc ised i n a te lesc lence mode t o p r o v i d e t h e human i n t e r f a c e des ign

performance. Programmed delays i n t h i s s i rnu la t ion would be used t o mod i fy

a lgo r i t hms and i t e r a t e u n t i l an acceptable end-to-end des ign or concept i s achieved.

command/resource management des ign op t i ons on t h e (end-to-end) DMS t e s t bed.

Once an a l g o r i t h m or s e t o f a lgo r i t hms have

A second e f f o r t would be t o develop and eva lua te t i m e c r i t i c a l

4. F l i g h t Q u a l i f i e d A I Machines - On-Board A I ( L i s p ) machines t o hos t

' e x p e r t system' a p p l i c a t i o n s represent s i g n i f i c a n t p o t e n t i a l

au tonomy/produc t iv i t y increases. I t 1s recommended t h a t an A/D Task be

es tab l i shed t o sponsor t h i s e f f o r t .

93

I. ONBOARD SSDS

o Space S t a t i o n

0 POP1

0 POP2

0 COP

11. GROUND SSDS

o DHC

o LZPF's

o GSC

0 ssocc

o SSEDC

o P/F CC

o P/F EDC

APPENDIX A CODE W C O D E T ALLOCATION

Imp 1 ementa t 'l on Operat'lon

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code T

Code T

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code T

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code T

Code T

Code S

Code S

Code S

Code T

Code S

95

\

APPENDIX B NASA DMS TEST BED ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT

PROJECT PLAN TASKS

NETWORK EVALUATION:

Task 1 - Extended Network Ana lys is - ARC

An ongoing network ana lys i s C a p a b i l i t y t h a t I s be ing expanded t o eva lua te the

performance of the GSFC FODS network be ing developed under Task 7. The ARC

s i m u l a t i o n I s be ing expanded t o model t he FDDI Token Ring System under

development by JSC (Task 13) as w e l l as t h e IBM-unique network c u r r e n t l y be ing developed under IRbD funding. I t provides a NASA c a p a b i l i t y t o conduct

re levan t , comparable a n a l y t i c a l eva lua t ions o f cand ida te network

c o n f i g u r a t i o n s a r i s i n g f r o m Phase 6. The ARC s i m u l a t i o n w i l l a l s o p r o v i d e the

bas i s f o r a I1ca l i b ra ted " a n a l y s i s t o o l which can be r e f i n e d as Phase C/D

progresses w i t h t h e end r e s u l t being a va luab le v e r i f i c a t i o n c a p a b i l i t y t o

suppor t post-IOC performance analyses as a d d i t i o n a l demands a r e made o f t h e

DMS Network.

DMS TEST BED:

Coordinated tasks t o fund englneer lng and opera t i on a c t i v i t i e s requ i red t o p u t

t h e " t e s t environment" i n p lace and/or opera te equipment suppor t i ng t h a t

environment. .

Task 18 - DMS T e s t Bed Engineer ing - JSC

Task 19 - DMS Test Bed Operations - JSC

Task 27 - S/W Test Bed Operations - JSC

END-TO-END TEST BED:

Task 32 - End-to-End T e s t Bed JSC

97

Merges t h e DMS Test Bed i n an end-to-end sense w i t h customer (GSFC) and the Communication and Track ing, and JSC Ground Support Operat ions Center Test Beds. A lso covers p lann ing and conduct o f s p e c l f i c end-to-end t e s t i n g us ing p r o t o t y p e ground works ta t i ons t o e s t a b l i s h ground f l i g h t c o n t r o l l e r i n t e r f a c e

requi rements.

DMS SIMULATION:

Task 38 - Data Subsystem Network Technology - MSFC

Prov ides funds f o r comple t ion o f a rud imentary DMS-Simulator t o be used by t h e

A t t i t u d e Con t ro l System (ACS) Test Bed. The DMS/User I C D p r e s e n t l y used f o r

t he DMS Test Bed i s be ing prov ided MSFC f o r guidance I n s t r u c t u r i n g a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e i n t e r f a c e between the s imu la to r and ACS.

NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM:

Complementary segments f rom JSC and GSFC for t h e s tudy and p r o t o t y p i n g o f

Network Operat ing Systems de r i ved f rom commercial p roduc ts t h a t accomplish t h e

so f tware f u n c t i o n s o f t h e IS0 model. The i n t e n t i s t o segment those tasks

such t h a t each cen te r l tde l i vers t t complementary elements o f a s tandard NOS w i t h

t h e f u r t h e r requi rement t h e t h e t w o products combine, c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e

a p p r o p r i a t e IS0 l a y e r i n g , t o fo rm one NOS f o r use on e i t h e r t h e GSFC or JSC network topo log ies .

Task 8 - GSFC NOS (IS0 Layers 3 & 4)

Task 29 - JSC NOS (IS0 Layers 5, 6 & 7)

Task 23 - SSE System Sof tware Studies - JSC

JSC t o per fo rm s tudy /p ro to typ ing a c t i v i t y i n v e s t i g a t i n g t h e a p p l i c a b i l i t y o f commerc ia l ly a v a i l a b l e O / S t o on-board O/S and NOS requi rements.

98

NETWORK/BUS INTERFACE UNITS:

Task 7 - O p t i c a l BIU - GSFC

GSFC t o des ign /pro to type a hardware

S t a r Bus system. That B I U I s be ing

s p e c i f i c s tudy a c t i v i t i e s conducted

Task 12 - MCNIU - JSC

B I U requ i red f o r FY-86 t e s t i n g o f t h e GSFC

e f f e c t i v e l y used as a " p a t h f i n d e r " f o r under Tasks 8, 13, and 29.

JSC t o produce a commerc ia l ly -der ived dev ice, r e f e r r e d t o as the

Mu l t i - compa t ib le Network I n t e r f a c e U n i t (MCNIU) which w i l l p rov ide p o t e n t i a l

Tes t Bed users w i t h m u l t i p l e op t ions f o r t ransparen t i n t e r f a c i n g w i t h

d i f f e r e n t t opo log ies and/or d i f f e r i n g degrees o f computat ional suppor t

c o n s i s t e n t w i t h accepted l a y e r i n g de f i ned by t h e ISO/OSI model.

GATEWAY:

Task 9 - S t a r t o Ring Gateway - GSFC

GSFC t o develop and p r o v i d e a p ro to type gateway t o e f f e c t i v e l y couple t h e

' s t a r ' and ' r i n g ' networks be ing developed a t GSFC and JSC r e s p e c t i v e l y . W i l l

o f f e r an o p p o r t u n i t y f o r bo th centers t o u t i l i z e t h e gateway i n suppor t o f t he

DMS Test Bed end-to-end eva lua t ions and t o e x p l o r e some speci f ' ic i ssues known

t o e x i s t r e l a t i v e t o gateway implementation.

I S O / O S I MODEL IMPLEMENTATION:

Task 13 - OMS I n t e r f a c e Standards - JSC

JSC t o per fo rm t h e study and p r o t o t y p i n g a c t i v i t y t o d e f i n e a c t u a l e l e c t r o n i c

implementat ions o f t h e lower two layers o f t h e MCNIU. Commercial

Implementations and e v o l v i n g i n d u s t r y standards a r e be ing comprehensively

eva lua ted f o r a p p l i c a b i l i t y t o the requ i red designs.

99

AI/EXPERT SYSTEMS:

Task 15 - OMS Exper t Systems - JSC

I n v e s t i g a t i o n o f exper t system technology f o r a p p l i c a b i i t y t o Automated F a u l t

D e t e c t i o n and I s o l a t i o n system.

Task 25 - Exper t Systems - JSC

Develop and p r o t o t y p e an exper t system o f t h e type a n t i c i p a t e d f o r use on

Space S t a t i o n .

- SPACE QUALIFIED COMPUTERS:

Task 14 - Processor Technology - JSC

E s s e n t i a l l y a VHSIC technology assessment w i t h a f i n a l r e p o r t a d v i s i n g NASA of t h e a n t i c i p a t e d impact and a p p l i c a b i l i t y o f VHSIC technology t o I O C .

(FY-87 funded o n l y ) task takes advantage o f t h e unique e x p e r t i s e o f JPL i n the

area o f Space R a d i a t i o n e f f e c t s on e l e c t r o n i c devices. The i n t e n t i s t o have

JPL p r o v i d e a d e t a i l e d d e f i n i t i o n o f any steps r e q u i r e d t o harden a candidate

processor a g a i n s t s i n g l e event upset (SEU) and t o t a l dose e f f e c t s .

T h i s

Task 41 - F l i g h t Processor Space Q u a l i f i c a t i o n D e f i n i t i o n - JPL

Develop a program development p l a n f o r space q u a l i f y i n g a s p e c i f i c processor

based on Level 6 a n a l y s i s .

HOL/ADA ACTIVITIES:

Task 31 - Ada Target and Benchmark - JSC

Provides results such that the SSE designers are given a set of guidelines relative to the use of Ada for specific purposes. This task continues with increased focus on the very detailed implications of actually using Ada in real-time applications requiting rigorous verification techniques.

Task 39 - Ada Development Tools - MSFC

Procures development tools (cross-compilers, editors, etc.). Also supplements MSFC's capability to implement the ACS applications code in Ada.

Task 40 - Payload Simulator - NSTL

Payload simulator will be designed from information provlded by GSFC, MSFC, and JSC, and will provide the end-to-end Test Bed with capability for conducting representative "closed loop" operations studies as well as assessing the interaction of various types of payloads on the onboard DMS

elements. Task 40 is augmented with sufficient funds to allow NSTL to code the P/L Simulator using Ada.

Task 21 - Ada Evaluation - JPL

JPL support to JSC in evaluation of Ada as a Space Station High-Order Language (HOL). Task will develop a set of metrics and a decision matrix for the evaluation process.

Task 10 - Evaluation of Ada For Users - GSFC

The objective of the task Is to acquire advanced software support environments related to Ada for evaluation. use of selected pilot applications for GSFC SS functions.

Ada application will be evaluated through the

101

USER ACCOMMODATION/INTERFACE DEFINITION:

Task 3 - Customer I n t e r f a c e Adapter - GSFC

Prototypes a c t u a l ' e n d - c i r c u i t " designs s u i t a b l e f o r i n t e r f a c i n g w i t h

r e p r e s e n t a t i v e payloads GSFC has I d e n t i f i e d . W i l l p r o v i d e the OMS Test Bed

w i t h t h e c a p a b i l i t y e a r l y i n phase C t o a c t u a l l y accommodate se lec ted r e a l

payload e l e c t r i c a l i n t e r f a c e s f o r 1 8 h i g h - f i d e l i t y 1 t p o i n t des ign t r a d e s t u d i e s .

Task 4 - User Data Flow Management - GSFC

Produces and evaluates user access pro toco ls / techn iques f o r t h e (user

t ransparen t ) management, s torage and r e t r i e v a l o f payload, engineer ing, and

a n c i l l a r y da ta f rom d i s t r i b u t e d data bases.

Task 5 - User I n t e r f a c e Technology - GSFC

A coord ina ted e f f o r t w i th Tasks 6, 33, and 34 t o suppor t t h e SSE RFP w i t h d e f i n i t i o n o f requirements f o r a standard user i n t e r f a c e c a p a b i l i t y s u i t a b l e

f o r onboard and ground access t o OMS serv ices . Encompasses t h e t o t a l spectrum

o f "users" f rom on-board system and payload c o n t r o l t o ground t e l e s c i e n c e

opera t ions as w e l l as ground pre-launch checkout opera t ions .

Task 6 - P/L Cmmd and Cont ro l Techniques - GSFC

Produces a s e t o f candidate techniques f o r P/L Command and Cont ro l scenar ios

t h a t w117 be e v e n t u a l l y evaluated i n t h e end-to-end t e s t bed environment.

Task 33 - User I n t e r f a c e Stud ies - JSC

Develops a common user i n t e r f a c e t o access On-Board/Ground SSDS segments.

I n t e g r a t e s GSFC, KSC and JSC user i n t e r f a c e language (U IL ) tasks.

102

Task 34 - SS Operations Language - KSC

Specifies operations language and associated utilities in support of test and integration community.

WORKSTATIONS/DISPLAYS:

Task 16 - Displays & Controls - JSC

Provides a set of requirements for SS Displays and Controls and evaluates, commercially available D & C devices.

Task 37 - Control/Display Interface Technology - LaRC

Provides a state-of-the-art fllght-type workstation for evaluation in the Test Bed environment with the implicit acceptance that the device should evolve intb an actual part of the Test Bed environment by supporting detailed development of operational scenarios during the early Phase C design phase. Its design will incorporate recommendations and lessons learned from Tasks 3, 4, 33, and 34.

SSE ACTIVITIES:

Task 22 - S/W Englneering Support - JSC

Provides direct analytical support required for synthesis of SSE requirements into coherent formulations suitable for end-item products.

Task 26 - S/W Test Bed (SSE Computer) - JSC

Procures a host mainframe computer for the Test Bed to provide a prototyping capability for the evaluation of SSE S/W.

103

MISCELLANEOUS:

Task 2 - Enhanced Telemetry - GSFC

This task w i l l eva lua te h l g h r a t e Data Handl ing Center requirements. An SS

requirements a n a l y s i s w i t h DHC opt ions mapped t o t h e requirements/assumptlons p l u s a modular a r c h i t e c t u r e design d e r i v a t i o n w i l l be performed as t h e f i r s t two sub-tasks. Expansion methodology and technology d r i v e r s w i l l be

i d e n t i f i e d t o weigh the On-Board vs Ground da ta hand l i ng op t ions ,

( p a c k e t i z a t i o n , c a l i b r a t i o n s , e t c . ) .

Task 11 - Subsystem T e s t and Checkout - JSC

This task w i l l i n v e s t i g a t e techniques and procedures f o r m o n i t o r i n g and e v a l u a t i n g t h e performance o f spacecra f t subsystems. Areas o f i n v e s t i g a t i o n

i n c l u d e automated f a u l t . d e t e c t i o n and i s o l a t i o n , da ta base design, data

management systems and crew i n t e r f a c e s .

Task 28 - S I B Development - JSC

Prototypes a S imu la t i on I n t e r f a c e B u f f e r ( S I B ) .

Task 35 - Software R e l i a b i l i t y Technology - LaRC

This task w i l l supplement

e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f so f tware

Task 36 - O p t i c a l Transce

on-goi ng

f a u l t - t o

vet- Modu

research t o e s t a b l i s h t h e r e l i a b i l i t y

erance techniques.

e - LaRC

Funds t h e development o f a f i b e r o p t l c t r a n s m l t t e r / r e c e i v e r t o s a t i s f y a

common s e t o f requirements for both NASA and DoD. The t r a n s c e i v e r w i l l cover

the data range f r o m 200 t o 1000Mbps.

104

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