MBNA Career Services Center

MechanicalAndrea Borowski Spring 20031

The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park Campus

MBNA Career Services Center


Overview

General Information

Existing System

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion




General Information

Andrea Borowski Spring 2003 Mechanical4


Background

Home of Penn State’s Career Services Located along Bigler Road across from Outdoor

Pool Office Type Building 44,000 sq.ft. 4 floors Total Cost: $9.5 million Completed: July 2002

Picture taken from PSU Office of Physical Plant Website

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Project Team

Owner – The Pennsylvania State University Architect – Weber Murphy Fox Engineer (M,E,P,S) – H.F. Lenz, Co. Construction Manager – Alexander Constructors

Mechanical/Plumbing Prime – Silvertip Electrical Prime – Ross Enterprises Structural Prime – Amthor Steel

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Existing Systems



Mechanical

Air Side Variable Air Volume system Three Air Handling Units

• AHU #1 – Serves Program Spaces◦ Location: Basement

◦ 3500 cfm

• AHU #2 – Serves 1st & 2nd Floor Spaces◦ Location: Basement

◦ 28,000 cfm

• AHU #3 – Serves 3rd Floor Spaces◦ Location: 3rd Floor

◦ 7900 cfm

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Water Side Cooling

• Chilled water available from Computer Building

• Total Cooling Load – 133 tons

• 45°F Chilled Water

Heating• Steam from Penn State’s campus distribution system

• Heat exchanger – steam to hot water

• 180°F Hot Water

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Electrical

Main Service 208Y/120V-3P-4W, 1200A Main Distribution Panel

Emergency Power 208Y/120V-1P-3W, 100A Panel

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Structural

Structural Steel Frame Long Span Steel Joists Wide Flange Beams

Brick Façade with Metal Stud Backup Structural System unlike most other buildings at

Penn State – masonry bearing wall systems Reasons for this Type of Structural System:

First Cost Scheduling

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Proposed System



Considerations

Air Side Issues 220 sq.ft. Mechanical

Room on 3rd Floor• Valuable space along

north side (front)

Multiple duct shafts

RA Shaft (Proposed System)

SA Shaft (Proposed System)

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Considerations

Water Side Issues Relies on Computer Building for Chilled Water Construction of North Campus Chiller Plant

• Begins Summer 2003

• Will serve the MBNA Center

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Goals

Eliminate 3rd Floor Mechanical Room Reduce Size of Ductwork Reduce Vertical Mechanical Space Improve Indoor Air Quality

Supply ventilation air closer to spaces

Reduce Electrical Energy Usage

Proposed System Dedicated Outdoor Air with Fan Coil Units

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) One Air Handling Unit with Enthalpy Wheel –

Energy Recovery Unit (ERU)• Location – Basement

• Outdoor Air Required – 11,210 cfm

• Cooling Load – 40 tons

Energy Recovery with Enthalpy Wheel• 73% Efficiency

• Removes moisture from air during Summer

• Humidifies dry winter air

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Fan Coil Units (FCU) Why FCUs?

• Impractical to take care of Latent Load at ERU

• Circulate room air with a reduced percentage of OA during unoccupied times

Approx. same locations as VAV boxes Most located in corridors Mix Outdoor Air from ERU with Plenum Air Either 1,2 or 3 Rooms on each FCU 69 tons - Total Cooling Load for all FCUs

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Scheduling/Controls Daytime

44 Interview Rooms• Occupancy Based on

Schedule

• Occupied – 100% OA

• Unoccupied – 20% OA

All Other Spaces• Occupied – 100% OA

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Scheduling/Controls Nighttime

Energy Recovery Unit – off Fan Coil Units

• Maintain Setback Temperature – Winter Only

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Electrical

Motor Circuit & Feeder Sizing Wire Sizing (NEC Section 430-22)

• [(FLA of largest motor*125%)+(FLA sum of all other motors)]

• Typ. Wire Size = #12THW

Time Delay Circuit Breaker (NEC Section 430-152)• [(FLA of largest motor*250%)+(FLA sum of all

other motors)] = minimum required breaker rating

• Typ. Breaker Size = 20A

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Electrical

Circuit Layout 1 to 2 Fan Coil Units per Circuit

• 120V, 1 Phase, 20A breaker

3 Adjacent Circuits (A,B,C) Serve 4 to 6 Fan Coil Units Located Close Together

• Share Neutral Wire

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Structural

Extend Supply Duct to 3rd Floor Create vertical shaft near elevator

SA Duct

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Structural

Extend Return Duct to 3rd Floor Impossible to go straight up through Floor Travel under Floor between Joists

Joists

RA DuctCopy

Stairs

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Structural

Implications of Removing 3rd Floor Mechanical Room Remove AHU #3 & Ducts ~ 3000 lbs Reduce size of Long Span Open Web Steel Joist Assume New Use for Room - Office

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Cost Analysis

Ductwork Comparison

New System1,235,616 18411 10.65 5221132,000 1967 1.14 558

Total 5778

Existing System490 2,458,416 36,630 21.20 10387

Total 10387

Volume (in^3)

Volume (ft^3)

lb.

Total Amount of Supply and Return Ductwork SummaryDensity Steel

Area (in^2)Thickness (in)

Additional Transfer Grilles

Ductwork

28 Gauge Galvanized Steel

0.0149

490 0.0149Ductwork

New System uses 44% less Ductwork by Weight

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Cost Analysis

Mechanical System Area Comparison

26 vertical shaft 19 vertical shaft on 3rd floor36 vertical shaft 35 vertical shaft on 3rd floor

221 Mech. Room (3rd fl) 66 decrease in office space283 Total 120 Total

163 Sq. Ft. of Gained Rentable Space

Total Amount of Rentable Space Gained from New SystemAdditional Mechanical Area Needed

by New System (ft 2̂)Mechanical Area not used in

New System (ft 2̂)

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Cost Analysis

Existing System – Items Eliminated

Mechanical Equipment cost from TRANE

TotalCost

HVAC

AHU-1 -- cfm 3500 $4,375AHU-2 -- cfm 28000 $35,000AHU-3 -- cfm 7900 $9,875

VAV boxes~300 cfm 3 each 37 $5,920~500 cfm 6 each 29 $4,640

~1400 cfm 11 each 5 $800~3000 cfm 17 each 0 $0

Fan Powered boxes~500 cfm -- each 2 $900

~1000 cfm -- each 9 $4,950Ductwork

28 gauge steel -- per lb. 10387 $46,742

Sub-Total $113,202

Structural

Steel Joist3rd Floor (old mech rm) 24LH11 LF 160 $1,832

Sub-Total $1,832

Other

$115,034

$11.45

Total Cost of Items Eliminated

Item Unit Quantity


Breakdown of First Cost - Central AHUs/VAV boxes

$160$160$160$200

$1.25$1.25

Cost per Unit

Air Handling Units$1.25

Size

$4.50

$550$450

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Cost Analysis

Proposed System – Items Added

TotalCost

HVAC

ERU-1 12,000 cfm 1 $12,000Enthalpy Wheel 25 each 1 $12,000

Fan Coil Units12 each 44 $39,60018 each 13 $13,00024 each 15 $16,50036 each 4 $4,80054 each 2 $2,800

Ductwork28 gauge steel -- per lb. 5778 $26,003

PipingCHW to FCUs varies L.F. 150 $450

Condensate varies L.F. 150 $375

Sub-Total $127,528

Structural

Steel Joist3rd Floor (old mech rm) 24LH09 LF 160 $9.45 $1,512

Sub-Total $1,512

Other

Rentable Savings for 1 yrAdditional Area -- sq.ft. 163 -$3,260

Sub-Total -$3,260

$125,834Total Cost of Items Added

Item Size Unit Quantity

$20.00

$2.50


Breakdown of First Cost - DOAS/Fan Coil Unit System

Cost per Unit

$1.30Energy Recovery Unit

$3.00

$12,000

$900$1,000$1,100$1,200$1,400

$4.50

~$10,800 Additional Cost for Proposed System

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Energy Analysis

Using Carrier’s Hourly Analysis Program Simulate Existing System & Proposed System $0.023 per kWh (PSU’s Electricity Rate) Typical Schedule (excluding Interview Rooms)

• 7am to 6pm, Monday thru Friday

• 1 hour warm-up

Interview Room Schedule – Full Occupancy• February & March – Spring Career Fair

• June, July & August – FTCAP

• October & November – Fall Career Fair

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Energy Analysis

Existing System HVAC Electricity Usage = 22.3% Annually

Proposed System HVAC Electricity Usage = 9.7% Annually

• With Interview Room Schedule HVAC Electricity Usage = 11% Annually

• Without Interview Room Schedule

Savings Primarily Due To: Reduced Fan Energy

• One Central AHU• FCU Fans Cycle

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Conclusion

DOAS/FCU System & VAV System Comparison Benefits

• Reduced amount of ductwork by 44% which saved Approximately $20,800

• Reduced Vertical Shaft Spaces

• Decreased Annual Electricity Usage by 50%

• Improved Indoor Air Quality◦ Outdoor Air closer to the Spaces

Downsides• Increased First Cost of Mechanical Equipment

◦ Especially Fan Coil Unit Cost compared to VAV boxes

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion


Thank You

Professionals Mike Leakey, Architect Glenn Lelko, P.E. Scott Mack, P.E. Jack Rayman, Ph.D. Mark Wagner

AE Faculty William Bahnfleth, Ph.D., P.E. Moses Ling, P.E. Stanley Mumma, Ph.D., P.E.

AE Friends



Questions

Comments



Mechanical

Chilled Water Pump 345 GPM 18.4 ft H2O

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion



Mechanical

Energy Recovery Unit

General Information

Existing Systems

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Proposed System

Considerations

Goals

Mechanical

Electrical

Structural

Cost Analysis

Energy Analysis

Conclusion

Documents

MBNA Career Services Center