May 2, 2006Shawn Mulkey - EECS 816 1 Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware: Part 2 Presented By Shawn Mulkey

May 2, 2006 Shawn Mulkey - EECS 816 1

Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware: Part 2

Presented By

Shawn Mulkey

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 816 2May 2, 2006

Agenda

Microsoft .Net Web Services Grid Computing Conclusion


Agenda

Microsoft .Net IntroductionRemotingWindows Communication Foundation

Web Services Grid Computing Conclusion


.Net Basics

Microsoft Development Platform Creates Interpreted Code

MSILMany Languages SupportedC#, VB.Net are Primary

Platform & Tool SupportDeploymentSecurity


Foundation Class Libraries

Built-In Functionality For .Net Available to All .Net Languages Basic to Advanced Features

String ManipulationGraphicsNetworkingThreading

Encapsulated functionality for common tasks


Attributes Meta-Data Added To .Net Constructs

Assemblies, Classes, Members Provide Externally Parsed Information

IDE PropertiesSecurity AssertionsWeb Services Interactions

Example://Method Level Attribute[FileIOPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, Unrestricted=true)]void WriteDataToFile(string data) { … }


.Net Remoting Built in system for object based RPC

Fundamentally similar to Java RMI Requires homogenous environment

Specifically designed for inter-process as well as intra-system use

Similar to predecessor Microsoft DCOM .Net Remoting uses standardized transports


.Net Remoting Features Seamless LPC semantics

‘Proxy’ term instead of stub

Interchangeable ProtocolsTransportData Representation

Copy by value or referenceAutomatic or Declarative


Basic .Net Remoting Architecture

© Microsoft, 2006


.Net Remoting Channels Bundled configuration for RPC Transport

IChannel interface can represent any transportTcpChannel and HttpChannel are commonly

used implementations

Channels declaratively configured with .Net configuration system


Remoting Channel Architecture

© Microsoft, 2006


.Net Remoting Code Sample

public class SampleObject : MarshalByRefObject { public SampleObject() { }

public string HelloWorld() { return "Hello World!"; }}

Object Declaration


public class SampleServer {

public void Start()

{

// Create an instance of a channel

TcpChannel channel = new TcpChannel(8080);

ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel);

// Register as an available service with the name HelloWorld

RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType(

typeof(SampleObject),

"HelloWorld",

WellKnownObjectMode.SingleCall );

}

……

}

Server Code


public class SampleClient{ public void DoSomething() { // Create a channel for communicating w/ the remote object // Notice no port is specified on the client TcpChannel chan = new TcpChannel(); ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(chan);

// Create an instance of the remote object SampleObject obj = (SampleObject) Activator.GetObject( typeof(RemotingExample.SampleObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/HelloWorld" );

Console.WriteLine(obj.HelloWorld()); } ….}

Client Code


Windows Communication Foundation

Platform for distributed computing integration Formerly known as ‘Indigo’ Presents abstract framework for program interaction

Unifies previous Microsoft distributed APIs DCOM Microsoft Message Queues Web services .Net Remoting


Windows Communication Foundation

Every system partitioned into ‘services’ Similar to original CORBA metaphor Directly supports Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Unified feature set and programming model Example: Message oriented communication with

transactional guarantees

Leverages .Net platform extensibility features Declarative run-time attributes Configuration


WCF Basics

Three important service attributes Address Binding Contract

Service Contract Decorated with attributes to denote meta-functionality

Data Contract Explicitly declares structure and members to be exposed


WCF Contract Examples

using System.ServiceModel;

[ServiceContract]public interface ICalculate{ [OperationContract] double Add( double a, double b); [OperationContract] double Subtract( double a, double b);}

using System.ServiceModel;

[DataContract]public class Person{ [DataMember] public int Id; [DataMember] public string FirstName; [DataMember] public string LastName;}

Service Contract Data Contract


WCF Architecture

© Microsoft, 2006


WCF Architecture

© Microsoft, 2006


Microsoft’s WFC Strategy Offers interoperability with other platforms

Web servicesExtensible transport interfaces

Locks developers into unified .Net framework

Similar strategy to Sun’s J2EE


Agenda

Microsoft .Net Web Services

IntroductionArchitectureApplications

Grid Computing Conclusion


Web Services Introduction

Web Service Definition:

A distributed computing system in which standardized network protocols are used to connect clients with services capable of providing data in a common textual format.


Web Services Introduction

Common Practical Definition:

A distributed computing system in which web-based network protocols such as HTTP are used to connect clients with services providing XML based data via the SOAP messaging standard.


Web Services Application Stack

HTTP Client Custom code or generated middleware Leverages HTTP error semantics TCP underlying socket transport

SOAP messages Simple Object Access Protocols XML based messaging standard Wraps data in common envelope


Web Services Application Stack XML Data Encoding

Textual formatHierarchical organizationStandardized type encoding

Benefits and challenges of XMLExtremely interoperableProcessing intensive


Simple Object Access Protocol

Header Block

SOAP Envelope

Header 1

…..

Header N

Message Body

Data Block 3

Data Block 1

Data Block 2

Application level message packet

Brackets message content

Provides header inclusion Contextual information Standardized behavior

Contains versioning information


Web Services Data Encoding

Structured XML text Simple to parse Expensive in time and space

Standardized types Simple types in W3C DTD Complex types in WS-* standards

Lingua Franca in enterprise computing


Web Services Middleware

Many development platforms .Net J2EE Allows interaction using familiar language constructs

Web Services Description Language Standardized way to represent web service Similar to CORBA IDL Used to generate stubs and skeletons


Demonstration Interlude


Web Services Extensions

New standards for specialized functions

WS-Trust

WS-Transactions

WS-Notification See Mulkey, 2006


Web Services Evolution Popular means to connect enterprise systems

Legacy databases Web-centric applications

Extensibility provides for standardization Header types Data types Meta-data

Competing visions going forward


Agenda

Microsoft .Net Web Services Grid Computing

IntroductionExamples

Conclusion


Grid Computing Introduction

Grid Computing Definition:

A virtualization of computing resources which abstract a network of interoperating nodes into a single computer system.


Grid Computing Concept

Grid Interface


Grid Computing Highlights Designed for heterogeneous computing

environments

Standards based Web Services specs used extensively

Exploits underutilized resources Uses idle cycles Job load balancing


Grid Computing Applications Must access grid framework

Two or more non-client machines Non-trivial administration Fast network

Application must run in grid environment Remote job Parallel partition and processing

Local overhead must be significantly more than grid overhead Long jobs Complex parallel jobs


Grid Frameworks Globus Framework

http://www.globus.org/ Sponsored by IBM & others Popular in research

Sun Grid Engine (N1) http://www.sun.com/software/grid/ Built into operating system Strong commercial backing


Conclusion Microsoft’s distributed computing

.Net Remoting Web Services Window Communication Foundation

Web Services Open standards based

HTTP, SOAP, XML Highly interoperable Wide middleware tool support


Conclusion

Grid ComputingComputer resource virtualizationDynamic use of idle hardwareStandards based


The End

Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware

Presented By

Shawn Mulkey

Documents

May 2, 2006Shawn Mulkey - EECS 816 1 Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware: Part 2 Presented By Shawn Mulkey