May 11 th, 2007 LNF Scient. Comm M.Spinetti 1 OPERA/CNGS1 O scillation P roject with E mulsion-t R acking A pparatus 1. Electronic detectors status of

May 11th, 2007 LNF Scient. Comm M.Spinetti 1

OPERA/CNGS1Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus

1. Electronic detectors status of

installation2. Results from detectors

commissioning• TT• RPC• HPT

3. Cosmic and CNGS run results4. Brick production and filling5. Emulsions analysis

• Scanning facilities• Track matching and analysis

6. Test beam activities7. Detector filling strategy and

CNGS runs8. OPERA sensitivity updated9. Conclusions


Electronic detectors installationVeto

BMS Target TrackerSM2Spectrometer:

Magnet, RPC, XPC,HPT

Ago ‘06 run: all installed and running except Veto and HPT/2

May ‘07 : Veto and HPT/2 installed and under commissioning

HPT/2


Event building: time stamp

Event building by sorting in time individual hit from sub-detectors

The time stamp (10 nsec bin) is correlated with the GPS (100 nsec resolution) in order to select CNGS beam event

HPT

RPC

TT

10 nsec binning


Event reconstruction: time stamp resolution

Without fiber transmission correction

With position correctionSigma : 9 nsec

down going muon : side view

Time

difference

Strip

number


3. Results from electronic detectors commissioning


Target Tracker efficiency

using cosmic ray tracks

Trigger rate:• 1 p.e. 20 cps per pixel• 2 p.e. 10 cps per pixel

1 p.e.

2 p.e.

3 p.e.


RPC efficiencies

SM1 SM2

1 HV row missing

Electronic

s


All problems have been cured


RPC spatial resolution

Tracking resolution ~ 1.3 cm, Misalignments ~

few mm



RPC p reconstruction

Muon momentum reconstruction using only RPC


-

very

preliminary

RPC data only


Status of HPT/1

-Timing corrections implemented

-Resolution of ~500m in single planes

-Fine alignment ongoing with CR tracks

-80% track efficiency for cosmic data

-reconstruction running stable for data


4. CNGS runs and cosmics results


August’06 run: first CNGS neutrinos

50 ms10.5 s 10.5 s

machine energy

spill


August ‘06 run events

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.



CC in magnetstopping track (first event)


August ‘06 run events





CC in magnet CC in TT


August ‘06 run: Beam Direction

OPERA

August Run result: <>=3.4±0.3

y >0

y <0

y

z

Zenith angle of muon track

Select events around beam (0 < < 0.15 rad) direction and check if there are on time


μCC in the magnets

• CC in magnets selection efficiency 52% • very pure sample, NC contamination 4% (1,1 event)

August only with 2 cut • Data = 29 ± 5 evt.• MC = 23.7 evt.

August + October Data = 36 ± 6 evt.MC = 29.9 evt.

August + October Data = 36 ± 6 evt.MC = 29.9 evt.

Azimuth angle (rad) OnTime 319Trigger eq. 308OpRec 289Vertex 42MuID 36D

ata

re

duct

ion

Event selection:• on time beam events• μ id (> 10 Fe slabs)• fiducial volume


High energy muon charge ratio

Can be measured in using the OPERA spectrometers :

Overburden : ~3000 m.w.e.

Eμ underground : 300 GeVEμ surface cut-off : 1400 GeV


5. Brick production and filling


Brick components: lead

ChemicalVacuum pack Mech

pack

Alpha activity

Pb+ Ca 0.07% NO(Fog Up)

Yes Yes(<30 cm2/day)

Pb+Ca 0.04% NO(Fog Up)

Yes Yes(<30 cm2/day)

PbCa colaminatedwith pure

lead

Yes Yes Yes(<30 cm2/day)

Pb+ Sb 2.5% Yes Yes NO(Surface Po migration)

PbSb colaminatedwith pure

lead

Yes Yes NO(Surface Po migration)

Pure Pb Yes yes NO(Surface Po migration)

Lead vs emulsion chemical & radioactivity compatibility tests


Brick components: lead

•Mass production started at JL-Goslar in Jul ‘06•Custom production line for casting, lamination, washing and packing•Up to 800 brick/day granted


Brick components: emulsion

Produ-ction

Beam exposure

Develop-ment

Initial sensitivity

Development

After refreshing

Refreshing

Produ-ction

Beam exposure

Sensitivity of refreshed film

Condition : 30 98℃ ％ 3days

G.D. 36/100μm

F.D. 　　　　1.3/1000μm ３

G.D. 　　　　　　　 below 8/100μm

F.D. 　　　　　　　2.1/1000μm ３G.D. 　　　33/100μm

F.D. 　　　　　　1.5/1000μm ３

Production

Beam exposure

Development

Refreshing

Performance of refreshed emulsion films


BAM: lead loading and drum section (in light)

lead box loading(one day work)

station for filling the BMS drums


BAM: dark room for 5 piling stations


BAM: piling and pressing station

QuickTime™ and aYUV420 codec decompressor



BAM milestone and performance

Brick Production

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Weeks

Bri

ck

s

brick sum

weekly bricks

• Costruction started in Jan ‘05 in firm site• Delivery at LNGS starting in Jun ‘06• Comissioning and preproduction for Oct run in Sept ‘06• Many improvements since Mar ‘07 • Production in rather stable conditions since Mar-Apr ‘07• Up to last week 14.000 bricks produced • Production rate: 450 - 600 brick/day, ie 2-2.5 drums/day

last week


BMS (Brick Mainipulation System)

Loading station and drumfor brick transfer

Draw bridge for brick insertion

Storage Carrousel

Camera for positioning

Vacuum sucker vehicle to retrieve bricks

Portico

Manipulating platform

Filling performance: 2 drums/day


6. Emulsion analysis


Event reconstruction in the brick


Automated Microscopes for Nuclear Emulsions

High speed CCD Camera (3 kHz)

Piezo-controlled objective lens

Constant speed stage

Synchronization of objective lens and

stageCustomized commercial optics and

mechanics + asynchronous DAQ software

Hard-coded algorithms

scanning speed ~ 20 cm2/h

~ 30 bricks will be daily extracted from target and analyzed using high-speed automatic systems

S-UTS (Japan)European Scanning System

scanning speed ~ 30 cm2/h


Scanning capabilities in Europe

1. CSD scanning :6 ESS at LNGS -> ~ 8CSdoublet/day ( ~ 5

microscopes missing )

2. Brick Vertex location and confirmation : Italy : 12 10 bricks/day

EU : 6 ESS 5 bricks/day plate changer in progress ( with dry and oil

objectives )

• Dedicated to Special events ( min. bias, decays, electrons, …): Italy : 4 ESS ~ 200 events/yr EU : 2 ESS ~ 100 events/yr

•30 ESS distributed among 11 labs ( 22 ESS in 8 Italian labs ): Bari, Bern, Bologna, Lngs, Lyon, Napoli, Roma, Salerno + + Neuchatel, LNF, Padova


Electronic detector-brick connection

Connection between Electronic

trackers and CS:

• tested on few events (~10)

• good results (~70-80%)

• space for improvements

T T Predicted position CS Located position

Ago’06 run


Track Reconstruction and Vertex Search

position residuals between base-tracks and fitted volume tracks

angular residuals between base-tracks and fitted volume tracks

(vertical tracks)

scan-back efficiency 93.1%

volume scan

scan-backtracks followed backward

film by film

tracks in the CS doublet

vertex reconstruction

0.3 1.7 mrad


First neutrino event in emulsion

Muon momentum:• MCS (coord method) : 6.4 ± 1. GeV/c• Spectrometer (RPC) : 7.05 ± 0.4 GeV/c

October CNGS run:• CNGS induced rock muon selected by electronic detectors• brick tagging using the reconstruction software• CSD and brick analysed using the standard scanning system

Prediction accuracy :• Δx = 5.5 mm (along the tray)• Δy = 0.4 mm (vertical direction)• Δθx = 16.6 mrad• Δθy = 24.8 mrad


Brick emulsion alignment with cosmics

RMS 1.1μm

RMS 0.8μm

CNGS rock muon analysis


8. Detector filling strategy and CNGS runs


Detector filling

Assumptions :• Number of bricks on the end of April: 10000 (ok)• Ramp up from average actual speed 4 drums/w to 10 drums/w on

April 30th (~ok)• Reaching 15 drums/week on september 1st

Full target filled (150000 bricks) in May 2008 (including 15%contingencies and 3 weeks for holidays)

SPS tentative schedule : 2008

Physics starts end of april


CNGS run in 2007

Filling @ start run 15/9/07

Filling @ end run15/11/07

Integrated p.o.t

Bricks with interactions

59334 86802 1019 pot 465

~20 Charmed hadron decay

Total number of interactions Integrated p.o.t

x 1019

daysdays

19/3/07

3/9/07 11/11/07


9. OPERA sensitivity updated


OPERA sensitivity : nominal conditions

SK 90% CL(L/E analysis)

Opera nominal

Opera with beam upgrade and 30% bck reduction

Opera, with beam upgrade (1.5)

Opera with 30% bck reduction

90 % CL Sensitivity F&C


SK 90% CL(L/E analysis)

Opera nominal

Opera with 30% target mass reduction

90 % CL Sensitivity F&C

OPERA sensitivity : nominal conditions

25% reduction


10. Conclusions

Very effective contribution to the experiment installation by LNF

Servicies (Spas, SSCR, Electronic)

Support from LNF still needed for construction, running and

analysis ( workshops, fellowships, ….)

The electronic detectors of the OPERA experiment are ready for

data taking during the fore coming CNGS runs

The brick production is launched and the detector should be filled

before the physics run in 2008

The data analysis chain has been validated for the : electronic detectors during the CNGS beam periods and also

with cosmic rays in 2006

emulsion detectors during many test runs, especially with real

neutrino event from an exposure in the NUMI beam

OPERA Physics program is valid, and it is a great opportunity for

young physicists to learn about Neutrino Physics with real data


Detection of the appearance signal

Two conflicting requirements: Large mass low Xsection High granularity

signal selection background rejection

Target:1800 tons, 5 years running

• 30 000 neutrino interactions• ~150 interactions• ~15 identified• < 1 event of background

Toplogy selection:

Kink signature

The challenge is to identify interactions from interactions

-

Decay “kink”

-

~1 mm

oscillation

-


OPERA/CNGS1 : an hybrid detector

What the brick cannot do: trigger for a neutrino interaction muon identification and momentum/charge measurement need for an hybrid detector

supermodule

8 m

Target Trackers

Pb/Em. target

Emulsion analysis:

Vertex, decay kink e/ ID, multiple scattering, kinematics

Extract selected brick

Pb/Em. brick

8 cm Pb 1 mm

Basic “cell”

Emulsion

Electronic detectors:

Brick finding muon ID, charge and p

Link to mu ID,Candidate event

Spectrometer


8.3 Kg

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

•ECC : target basic component• Em Provides high space resolution + Lead active target mass•Compact and modular structure

OPERA bricks 1 ECC= 56 Pb + 57 emulsions

2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)poured on a

200 m plastic base

12.5cm

10.2cm

10 X0’s

Interaction From NUMI exposure

Electron shower

Documents

May 11 th, 2007 LNF Scient. Comm M.Spinetti 1 OPERA/CNGS1 O scillation P roject with E mulsion-t R acking A pparatus 1. Electronic detectors status of