Mawlid Proof Booklet Sunnah.org

7/24/2019 Mawlid Proof Booklet Sunnah.org

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IV. QUESTIONS ON MAWLID (CELEBRATING THE BIRTH OF THE

HOLY PROPHET,

ALLAH'S BLESSINGS AND PEACE UPON HIM)

http://sunnah.or/pu!"#$at#on/%n$&$"op%#a/ht("/(a"#.ht(

Is th%r% %*#%n$% +or th% $%"%!rat#on o+ Ma"# ,, th% Proph%t's B#rtha& ,,

#n th% -ur'an an th% Sunna hat o th% I(a(s an s$ho"ars o+ th% 0our

S$hoo"s sa&1 an hat a!out th% $ont%(porar& 2Sa"a32 s$ho"ars ho

+or!a% #t on th% rouns that #t #s an #nno*at#on1 su$h as A"!an#1 B#n Ba41

a",5a4a'#r#1 Mashhur Sa"(an1 6Utha&(#n hat a!out thos% ho $%"%!rat%

Ma"#1 !ut +or!# p%op"% +ro( stan#n at th% $on$"us#on o+ Ma"# +or

s%n#n aru or sa"aat ,, !"%ss#ns an sa"utat#ons ,, on th% Proph%t1p%a$% !% upon h#( An hat a!out th% o!7%$t#ons o+ so(% to us#n th%

phras%: 2As,sa"a(u 6a"a&8a 9a asu"a""ah2 ;P%a$% upon &ou1 O M%ss%n%r

o+ A""ah)1 an th%#r $"a#( that on% $annot $a"" th% Proph%t1 p%a$% !% upon

h#(1 #th th% t%r( &a1 or O

PELIMINA9 EMA?@). 9%t

#n th#s t#(%1 (or% than an& oth%r t#(%1 % ar% 3n#n that th% atta$8s o+

our %n%(#%s ar% not th% on"& $aus% o+ our su%r#n. #th#n our on ho(%1

th% U((a #s !%#n atta$8% an har(% %%p"& !& so(% p%op"%1 ho(

% on't "#8% to na(% !ut ho ar% %"",8non. =h%& ar% not happ& to 3ht

th% %n%(#%s o+ Is"a( !ut #nst%a 3n #t n%$%ssar& to 3ht Mus"#(s an th%

$o((un#t& o+ !%"#%*%rs throuhout th% Mus"#( or". =h%r%+or% I +%"t #t

as (& ut& to pr%par% a %+%ns% o+ th% !%"#%*%rs +ro( th% atta$8s o+th%s% Mus"#(s1 ho ha*% noth#n to o h#"% our %n%(#%s ar% r%n#n th%


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U((a1 %$%pt to 3n +au"t #th th% !%"#%+s o+ oth%r Mus"#(s. =h%& ta8%

r%at pa#ns to 3n an&th#n that th%#r s$ho"ars (#ht $ons#%r ou!t+u" as

an %$us% to %r#% an %n#rat% th% +a#th o+ Mus"#(s1 $a""#n th%(

na(%s "#8%: (ushr#81 8a3r1 (u!ta#6. An th%& ha*% noth#n !%tt%r to o

than to $han% hat Mus"#( s$ho"ars ha*% a$$%pt% as $orr%$t +or >??&%ars1 an to $a"" #t !#6a1 sh#r81 an 8u+r

=o $%"%!rat% th% Proph%t's !#rtha& #s to $%"%!rat% Is"a(1 !%$aus%

th% Proph%t #s th% s&(!o" o+ Is"a(. I(a( Mutaa""# Sha6ra# sa# #n h#s

!oo81 Ma'#at a",0#8r a",Is"a(#&&a ;p. F)1 2I+ "#*#n !%#ns %r% happ& +or

h#s $o(#n ;to th#s or") an %*%r& #nan#(at% $r%at#on as happ& at h#s

!#rth an a"" p"ants %r% happ& at h#s !#rth an a"" an#(a"s %r% happ& at

h#s !#rth an a"" an%"s %r% happ& at h#s !#rth an a"" !%"#%*#n 7#nn %r%happ& at h#s !#rth1 h& ar% &ou pr%*%nt#n us +ro( !%#n happ& at h#s

!#rth2

=h%r%+or%1 an #n or%r to %+%n th% $o((on Mus"#(s an

!%"#%*%rs +ro( su$h ron an una$$%pta!"% a$$usat#ons1 %sp%$#a""& #n

A(%r#$a an Canaa1 h%r% th%r% ar%n't %nouh 8no"%%a!"% s$ho"ars

to ans%r th%s% #norant p%op"%1 #t #s n%$%ssar& to 8no th% a$tua"

pos#t#on o+ Is"a( on th#s1 h#$h #s p%r(#ss#!#"#t& !as% on 8h#"a+

;#*%r%n$% o+ op#n#ons a(on th% s$ho"ars)1 an no on% $han%s #t to

proh#!#t#on %$%pt th% #norant an th% #nno*ators. Insha A""ah1 I #""

pr%s%nt th% +a$ts an proo+s r%"at#n to th% $%"%!rat#on o+ Ma"#

a$$or#n to -ur'an an Sunna an th% S$ho"ars o+ Is"a(1 #th th%

#nt%nt#on o+ $ount%r#n th% $r#t#$#s( an u%st#on#n o+ so(% #norant

2s$ho"ars2 ho pr%t%n to un%rstan a"" o+ r%"##on1 an #th th% #nt%nt#on

o+ shar#n #th oth%rs that un%rstan#n #th h#$h A""ah has !"%ss% th%

tru% s$ho"ars o+ Is"a(. B%+or% o#n #n,%pth #nto %p"anat#ons1 I ou" "#8%

to pr%s%nt thr%% stat%(%nts:

>. % sa& that $%"%!rat#n th% Ma"# o+ th% Proph%t #s a$$%pta!"%1

that to (a8% ath%r#ns +or th% h%ar#n o+ h#s S#ra ;L#+%) an "#st%n#n to

Mah ;Pra#s%) that has !%%n r#tt%n +or h#( #s a$$%pta!"%1 an that #*#n

+oo to p%op"% an !r#n#n happ#n%ss to th% U((a on that o$$as#on #s

a$$%pta!"%.


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. % sa& that th% $%"%!rat#on o+ th% Proph%t's Ma"# (ust not on"&

!% on th% >th o+ a!#6 a",Aa"1 !ut $an an shou" !% on %*%r& a& o+

%*%r& (onth #n %*%r& (osu%1 #n or%r +or p%op"% to +%%" th% "#ht o+ Is"a(

an th% "#ht o+ Shar#6a #n th%#r h%arts.

@. % sa& that Ma"# ath%r#ns ar% an %%$t#*% an %$#%nt

(%ans +or th% purpos% o+ $a""#n p%op"% to Is"a( an %u$at% $h#"r%nJ

an that th%s% (%%t#ns #*% a o"%n opportun#t& that (ust not !% "ost1

+or %*%r& s$ho"ar an a6# to t%a$h an r%(#n th% Nat#on o+ th% Proph%t

o+ h#s oo $hara$t%r1 h#s a& o+ orsh#pp#n1 an h#s a& o+ tr%at#n

p%op"%. =h#s #s a a& to (a8% $h#"r%n "o*% an r%(%(!%r th%#r Proph%t1

!& #*#n th%( +oo an 7u#$% an #+ts to (a8% th%( happ&.

a) =%n Proo+s 0ro( th% -ur'an an Sunna =hat C%"%!rat#n th% Proph%t's

B#rtha& #s A$$%pt% #n Shar#6a.

=h% O!"#at#on to In$r%as% th% Lo*% an Honor o+ th% Proph%t

0IS=: A""ah as8s th% Proph%t1 p%a$% !% upon h#(1 to r%(#n h#s Nat#on

that #t #s %ss%nt#a" +or thos% ho $"a#( to "o*% A""ah1 to "o*% H#s Proph%t:

2Sa& to th%(: I+ &ou "o*% A""ah1 +o""o ;an "o*% an honor) (%1 an A""ah

#"" "o*% &ou2 ;@:@>).

=h% C%"%!rat#on o+ th% Ho"& Proph%t's !#rth #s (ot#*at% !& th#so!"#at#on to "o*% th% Proph%t1 p%a$% !% upon h#(1 to o!%& h#(1 to


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r%(%(!%r h#(1 to +o""o h#s %a(p"%1 an to !% prou o+ h#( as A""ah #s

prou o+ h#(1 s#n$% A""ah has !oast% a!out h#( #n H#s Ho"& Boo8 !&

san1 2=ru"& &ou ar% o+ a (an#3$#%nt $hara$t%r2 ;K:).

Lo*% o+ th% Proph%t #s hat #%r%nt#at%s th% !%"#%*%rs #n th%

p%r+%$t#on o+ th%#r #(an. In an auth%nt#$ ha#th r%"at% #n Bu8har# an

Mus"#(1 th% Proph%t sa#: 2Non% o+ &ou !%"#%*%s unt#" h% "o*%s (% (or%

than h% "o*%s h#s $h#"r%n1 h#s par%nts1 an a"" p%op"%.2 In anoth%r ha#th

#n Bu8har# h% sa#: 2Non% o+ &ou !%"#%*%s unt#" h% "o*%s (% (or% than h%

"o*%s h#(s%"+2 an Sana 6U(ar sa#: 2O Proph%t1 I "o*% &ou (or% than

(&s%"+.2

P%r+%$t#on o+ +a#th #s %p%n%nt on "o*% o+ th% Proph%t !%$aus%

A""ah an H#s an%"s ar% $onstant"& ra#s#n h#s honor1 as #s (%ant !& th%

*%rs% a"r%a& uot%1 2A""ah an H#s an%"s ar% pran on th% Proph%t2

;@@:K). =h% #*#n% or%r that #((%#at%"& +o""os #n th% *%rs%1 2O

!%"#%*%rs1 pra& on h#(12 (a8%s #t $"%ar that th% ua"#t& o+ !%#n a !%"#%*%r

#s %p%n%nt on an (an#+%st% !& pran on th% Proph%t. O A""ah S%n

p%a$% an !"%ss#ns on th% Proph%t1 h#s +a(#"&1 an h#s $o(pan#ons.

=h% Proph%t E(phas#4% Mona& As th% Da& H% as Born

SECOND: A!u -ataa a",Ansar# narrat%s #n Sah#h Mus"#(1 1???,&%ar o" 3r% #n

P%rs#a1 %t$. ar% r%"at% #n I!n


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% uot% +ro( th% !oo8 ?:).

=h#s or%r $a(% !%$aus% 7o& (a8%s th% h%art rat%+u" +or th%

(%r$& o+ A""ah. An hat r%at%r (%r$& # A""ah #*% than th% Proph%t

h#(s%"+1 o+ ho( A""ah sa&s1 2% # not s%n &ou %$%pt as a (%r$& to

hu(an !%#ns2 ;>:>?).


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B%$aus% th% Proph%t as s%nt as a (%r$& to a"" (an8#n1 #t #s

#n$u(!%nt not on"& upon Mus"#(s1 !ut upon a"" hu(an !%#ns to r%7o#$% #n

h#s p%rson. Un+ortunat%"&1 toa& #t #s so(% Mus"#(s ho ar% +or%(ost #n

r%7%$t#n A""ah's or%r to r%7o#$% #n H#s Proph%t.

=h% Proph%t C%"%!rat% Gr%at H#stor#$a" E*%nts

0OU=H: =h% Proph%t a"a&s (a% th% $onn%$t#on !%t%%n r%"##ous

%*%nts an h#stor#$a" %*%nts1 so that h%n th% t#(% r%turn% +or a

s#n#3$ant %*%nt1 h% r%(#n% h#s Saha!a to $%"%!rat% that a& an to

%(phas#4% #t1 %*%n #+ #t ha happ%n% #n th% #stant past. =h#s pr#n$#p"%

$an !% +oun #n th% +o""o#n ha#th o+ Bu8har# an oth%rs: 2h%n th%

Proph%t r%a$h% Ma#na1 h% sa th% 5%s +ast#n on th% a& o+ 6Ashura'.

H% as8% a!out that a& an th%& to" h#( that on that a&1 A""ah sa*%

th%#r Proph%t1 Sana Musa an ron% th%#r %n%(&. =h%r%+or% th%&

ar% +ast#n on that a& to than8 A""ah +or that +a*or.2 At that t#(% th%

Proph%t r%spon% #th th% +a(ous ha#th1 2% ha*% (or% r#ht to Musa

than &ou12 an h% us% to +ast that a& an th% a& pr%$%#n #t.

A""ah Sa#: In*o8% B"%ss#ns on th% Proph%t

0I0=H: %(%(!ran$% o+ th% !#rth o+ th% Proph%t %n$oura%s us to pra& on

th% Proph%t an to pra#s% h#(1 h#$h #s an o!"#at#on on us throuh A""ah's

or%r #n th% *%rs%1

2A""ah an H#s an%"s ar% pran on ;an pra#s#n) th% Proph%tJ O

!%"#%*%rs pra& on ;an pra#s%) h#( an s%n h#( ut(ost r%%t#ns2

;@@:K). Co(#n to%th%r an r%(%(!%r#n th% Proph%t $aus%s us to pra&

on h#( an to pra#s% h#(. ho has th% r#ht to %n& th% o!"#at#on h#$h

A""ah has or%r% us to +u"3"" throuh th% Ho"& -ur'an =h% !%n%3t

!rouht !& o!%n an or%r o+ A""ah1 an th% "#ht that #t !r#ns to our

h%art1 $annot !% (%asur%. =hat o!"#at#on1 +urth%r(or%1 #s (%nt#on% #n

th% p"ura": A""ah an H#s an%"s ar% pran on an pra#s#n th% Proph%t ,,


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#n a ath%r#n. It #s %nt#r%"& #n$orr%$t1 th%r%+or%1 to sa& that pran on an

pra#s#n th% Proph%t (ust !% on% a"on%.

=h% E%$t o+ O!s%r*#n Ma"# on Un!%"#%*%rs

SIQ=H: Epr%ss#n happ#n%ss an $%"%!rat#n th% Proph%t on h#s !#rtha&

$aus%s %*%n un!%"#%*%rs1 !& A""ah's +a*or an (%r$&1 to a#n so(%

!%n%3t. =h#s #s (%nt#on% #n Sah#h Bu8har#. Bu8har# sa# #n h#s ha#th that

%*%r& Mona&1 A!u Laha! #n h#s ra*% #s r%"%as% +ro( pun#sh(%nt

!%$aus% h% +r%% h#s han(a# =hua&!a h%n sh% !rouht h#( th%

n%s o+ th% Proph%t's !#rth.

=h#s ha#th #s (%nt#on% #n Bu8har# #n th% !oo8 o+ N#8ah1 an I!n

1 p. >1 Ma"# a",Na!# p.

>1 an a",B#a&a p. ,@. =h% ha34 Sha(su#n Muha((a #!n

Nas#ru#n a,D#(ash# rot% on th#s th% +o""o#n *%rs%s #n h#s !oo8

Mar# as,sa# 3 Ma"# a",Ha#: 2I+ th#s1 a 8a3r ho as $on%(n% to

h%"" %t%rna""& #th 2P%r#sh h#s hans2 sura >>>1 #s sa# to %n7o& a r%sp#t%

%*%r& Mona& !%$aus% h% r%7o#$% #n Ah(a: hat th%n o &ou th#n8 o+th% s%r*ant ho1 a"" h#s "#+%1 as happ& #th Ah(a1 an #% san1

2On%22

=h% O!"#at#on to


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ours%"*%s1 to $orr%$t ours%"*%s1 an to #(#tat% h#(. =hat #s h& th%

$%"%!rat#on o+ h#s !#rtha& #s a r%at +a*or s%nt to us.

=h% Proph%t A$$%pt% Po%tr& #n H#s Honor

EIGH=H: In th% t#(% o+ th% Proph%t1 #t #s %"",8non that po%ts $a(% to

h#( #th a"" 8#ns o+ or8s pra#s#n h#(1 r#t#n a!out h#s $a(pa#ns an

!att"%s an a!out th% Saha!a. =h#s #s pro*% !& th% nu(%rous po%(s

uot% #n th% S#ras o+ I!n H#sha(1 a",a##1 an oth%rs. =h% Proph%t as

happ& #th oo po%tr& s#n$% #t #s r%port% #n Bu8har#'s a",Aa! a",(u+ra

an %"s%h%r% that h% sa#: 2=h%r% #s #so( #n po%tr&.2 =hus th%

Proph%t's un$"% a",6A!!as $o(pos% po%tr& pra#s#n th% !#rth o+ th%

Proph%t1 #n h#$h ar% +oun th% +o""o#n "#n%s:

h%n &ou %r% !orn1 th% %arth as sh#n#n1

an th% 3r(a(%nt !ar%"& $onta#n% &our "#ht1

an % $an p#%r$% throuh1

than8s to that ra#an$% an "#ht an path o+ u#an$%.

=h#s t%t #s +oun #n Su&ut#'s Husn a",(as# p. an #n I!n


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S#n#n an %$#tat#on o+ Po%tr&

It #s %sta!"#sh% that th% Proph%t #nstru$t% 6A'#sha to "%t to "a#%s s#n

on th% a& o+ 6E#. H% sa# to A!u Ba8r: 2L%t th%( s#n1 !%$aus% +or %*%r&

nat#on th%r% #s a ho"#a&1 an th#s #s our ho"#a&2 Ar%% upon. I!n

-a&( #n Maar#7 a",sa"#8#n $o((%nts that th% Proph%t a"so a*%

p%r(#ss#on to s#n #n %#n $%"%!rat#ons1 an a""o% po%tr& to !%

r%$#t% to h#(. H% h%ar Anas an th% Co(pan#ons pra#s#n h#( an

r%$#t#n po%(s h#"% ##n !%+or% th% +a(ous !att"% o+ th% =r%n$h

;


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It (a& !% +or so o#n I sha"" !% +or %*%r #n Para#s%

#th th% Chos%n On% +or hos% support #n that I hop%.

An to atta#n to that a& I %*ot% a"" (& %orts.>

S#n#n an %$#tat#on o+ -ur'an

As I!n a",-a&( sa&s #n h#s !oo81 2A""ah a*% p%r(#ss#on to h#s Proph%t to

r%$#t% th% -ur'an #n a (%"o#ous a&. A!u Musa a",Ash6ar# on% t#(% as

r%$#t#n th% -ur'an #n a (%"o#ous *o#$% an th% Proph%t as "#st%n#n to

h#(. A+t%r h% 3n#sh%1 th% Proph%t $onratu"at% h#( on r%$#t#n #n a

(%"o#ous a& an sa#1 29ou ha*% a oo *o#$%.2 An h% sa# a!out A!u

Musa a",Ash6ar# that A""ah a*% h#( a 2(#4(ar2 ;ut% or horn) +ro(

Dau's (#4(ars. =h%n A!u Musa sa#1 2O M%ss%n%r o+ A""ah1 #+ I ha

8non that &ou %r% "#st%n#n to (%1 I ou" ha*% r%$#t% #t #n a (u$h

(or% (%"o#ous an !%aut#+u" *o#$% su$h as &ou ha*% n%*%r h%ar

!%+or%.2

I!n -a&( $ont#nu%s1 2=h% Proph%t sa#1 2D%$orat% th% -ur'an

#th &our *o#$%s12 an 2ho o%s not s#n th% -ur'an #s not +ro( us.2 I!n

-a&( $o((%nts: 2=o ta8% p"%asur% #n a oo *o#$% #s a$$%pta!"%1 as #s

ta8#n p"%asur% #n a n#$% s$%n%r&1 su$h as (ounta#ns or natur%1 or +ro( a

n#$% s(%""1 or +ro( oo +oo1 as "on as #t #s $on+or(#n to Shar#6a. I+

"#st%n#n to a oo *o#$% #s hara(1 th%n ta8#n p"%asur% #n a"" th%s% oth%r

th#ns #s a"so hara(.2

=h% Proph%t A""o% Dru(,P"an 0or A Goo Int%nt#on

I!n 6A!!a th% Muha#th a*% th% +o""o#n +ata #n h#s 2L%tt%rs.2 H%

starts #th th% ha#th1 2On% "a& $a(% to th% Proph%t h%n h% as

r%turn#n +ro( on% o+ h#s !att"%s an sh% sa#1 29a asu"a""ah1 I ha*% (a%

an oath that #+ A""ah s%ns &ou !a$8 sa+%1 I ou" p"a& th#s ru( n%ar

&ou.2 =h% Proph%t sa#1 20u"3"" &our oath.2 =h% ha#th #s +oun #n A!uDau1 =#r(#h#1 an Ah(a.


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I!n 6A!!a $ont#nu%s1 2=h%r% #s no ou!t that th% p"an o+ a

ru( #s a 8#n o+ %nt%rta#n(%nt1 %*%n thouh th% Proph%t or%r% h%r to

+u"3"" h%r oath. H% # that !%$aus% h%r #nt%nt#on as to honor h#( +or

r%turn#n sa+%"&1 an h%r #nt%nt#on as a oo #nt%nt#on1 not #th th%#nt%nt#on o+ a s#n or o+ ast#n t#(%. =h%r%+or%1 #+ an&on% $%"%!rat%s th%

t#(% o+ th% !#rth o+ th% Proph%t #n a oo a&1 #th a oo #nt%nt#on1 !&

r%a#n S#ra an pra#s#n h#(1 #t #s a$$%pt%.2

=h% Proph%t E(phas#4% th% B#rtha& o+ Proph%ts

NIN=H: =h% Proph%t %(phas#4% #n h#s ha#th !oth th% a& an th% p"a$%

o+ !#rth o+ pr%*#ous proph%ts. Sp%a8#n o+ th% r%atn%ss o+ th% a& o+

5u(6a ;0r#a&)1 th% Proph%t sa# #n h#s ha#th: 2On that a& #.%. 5u(6a1

A""ah $r%at% Aa(.2 =h#s (%ans that th% a& o+ 0r#a& #s %(phas#4%

!%$aus% A""ah $r%at% Aa( on that a&. =hat a& #s %(phas#4% !%$aus%

#t sa th% $r%at#on o+ th% proph%t an +ath%r o+ a"" hu(an !%#ns. hat

a!out th% a& h%n th% r%at%st o+ proph%ts an !%st o+ hu(an !%#ns

as $r%at% =h% Proph%t sa#: 2=ru"& A""ah (a% (% th% S%a" o+ proph%tsh#"% Aa( as !%t%%n at%r an $"a&.2 =h#s ha#th #s r%"at% !& Ah(a

#n th% Musna1 Ba&ha# #n Da"a'#" a",Nu!ua an oth%rs1 an #s soun

an %sta!"#sh% as auth%nt#$.

h& Bu8har# E(phas#4% Dn On Mona&

I(a( -asta""an# sa# #n h#s $o((%ntar& on Bu8har#: 2In h#s !oo8 on 5ana'#4

;0un%ra"s)1 Bu8har# na(% an %nt#r% $hapt%r 2Dn on Mona&.2 In #t th%r%

#s th% ha#th o+ 6A'#sha r%"at#n h%r +ath%r's ;A!u Ba8r a",S##) u%st#on:

2On h#$h a& # th% Proph%t #%2 Sh% r%p"#%: 2Mona&.2 H% as8%:

2hat a& ar% % toa&2 Sh% sa#1 2O (& +ath%r1 th#s #s Mona&.2 =h%n h%

ra#s% h#s hans an sa#: 2I !% &ou1 O A""ah1 to "%t (% #% on Mona& #n

or%r to $o#n$#% #th th% Proph%t's a& o+ pass#n.2


12/118

I(a( -asta""an# $ont#nu%s1 2h& # A!u Ba8r as8 +or h#s %ath to

!% on Mona& So that h#s %ath ou" $o#n$#% #th th% a& o+ th%

Proph%t's pass#n1 #n or%r to r%$%#*% th% !ara8a o+ that a&... Do%s

an&on% o!7%$t to A!u Ba8r's as8#n to pass aa& on that a& +or th% sa8%

o+ !ara8a No1 h& ar% p%op"% o!7%$t#n to $%"%!rat#n or %(phas#4#nth% a& o+ th% Proph%t 's !#rth #n or%r to %t !ara8a2

=h% Proph%t E(phas#4% th% B#rthp"a$% o+ Proph%ts

A ha#th auth%nt#3% !& th% ha34 a",Ha&tha(# #n Ma7(a6 a",4aa'# stat%s

that on th% n#ht o+ Isra' an M#6ra71 th% Proph%t as or%r% !& 5#!r#" to

pra& to ra86ats #n Ba&t Lah( ;B%th"%h%()1 an 5#!r#" as8% h#(: 2Do &ou

8no h%r% &ou pra&% h%n th% Proph%t as8% h#( h%r%1 h% to" h#(:

29ou pra&% h%r% 6Isa as !orn.2

=h% I7(a6 o+ 6u"a(a on th% P%r(#ss#!#"#t& o+ Ma"#

=EN=H: %(%(!%r#n th% Proph%t's !#rtha& #s an a$t that a"" 6u"a(a o+

th% Mus"#( or" a$$%pt an st#"" a$$%pt. =h#s (%ans that A""ah a$$%pts #t1

a$$or#n to th% san o+ I!n Mas6u r%"at% #n I(a( Ah(a's Musna

#th a soun $ha#n: 2hat%*%r th% (a7or#t& o+ Mus"#(s s%% as r#ht1 th%n

th#s #s oo to A""ah1 an hat%*%r #s s%%n !& th% (a7or#t& o+ Mus"#(s as

ron1 #t #s ron to A""ah.2

H#stor& o+ =h% C%"%!rat#on o+ Ma"#:

=h% Ma"# #n M%$$a A$$or#n to Mus"#( H#stor#ans

C%"%!rat#on o+ th% B#rthp"a$% o+ th% Proph%t

M%$$a1 th% Moth%r o+ C#t#%s1 (a& A""ah !"%ss an honor h%r1 #s th% "%a%r

o+ oth%r Is"a(#$ $#t#%s #n th% $%"%!rat#on o+ Ma"# as #n oth%r th#ns. In h#s


13/118

!oo8 A8h!ar Ma88a1 Vo". 1 p. >K?1 th% @r,$%ntur& h#stor#an o+ M%$$a1 a",

A4ra#1 (%nt#ons as on% o+ th% (an& p"a$%s #n M%$$a #n h#$h th%

p%r+or(an$% o+ sa"at #s %s#ra!"% ;(ustaha!!)1 th% hous% h%r% th%

Proph%t as !orn ;Ma"# a",Na!#). A$$or#n to h#(1 th% hous% ha

pr%*#ous"& !%%n turn% #nto a (osu% !& th% (oth%r o+ th% $a"#phs Musaa",Ha# an Harun ar,ash#.

=h% -ur'an#$ s$ho"ar a",Naash ;KK,@>) (%nt#ons th%

!#rthp"a$% o+ th% Proph%t as a p"a$% h%r% u6a !& noon on Mona&s #s

ans%r%. H% #s uot% #n a",0as#'s Sh#+a' a",hara( Vo". >1 p. >FF1 an

oth%rs.

Ear"#%st M%nt#ons o+ th% Pu!"#$ Ma"#

=h% o"%st sour$% that (%nt#ons a pu!"#$ $o((%(orat#on o+ th% Ma"# #s

#n I!n 5u!a&r's ;?,K>) #ha" ;2=ra*%"s2)1 p. >>,>>:

2=h#s !"%ss% p"a$% th% hous% o+ th% Proph%t #s op%n%1 an a"" (%n

%nt%r #t to %r#*% !"%ss#n +ro( #t ;(uta!arr#8#n !#h#)1 on %*%r& Mona& o+

th% (onth o+ a!#6 a",Aa"J +or on that a& an #n that (onth as !orn

th% Proph%t.2

=h% th,$%ntur& h#stor#ans A!u" 6A!!as a",6A4a3 an h#s son A!u" -as#(

a",6A4a3 rot% #n th%#r unpu!"#sh%


14/118

=h% +a(ous th,$%ntur& h#stor#an I!n Battuta r%"at%s #n h#s #h"a1 Vo". >1 p.

@?F an @1 that on %*%r& 0r#a&1 a+t%r th% sa"at1 an on th% !#rtha& o+

th% Proph%t1 th% oor o+ ?th,

$%ntur& author#t#%s: th% h#stor#an I!n Rah#ra a",Hana3 +ro( h#s a",5a(#6 a",

"at#+ 3 +as" Ma88a a ah"#ha1 p. @KJ I(a( I!n Ha7ar a",Ha&ta(# +ro( h#s

th o+ a!#6 a",Aa"1 a+t%r th% sa"at a",Mahr#!1th% +our a#s o+ M%$$a ;r%pr%s%nt#n th% 0our S$hoo"s) an "ar% roups

o+ p%op"% #n$"u#n th% +uaha' ;s$ho"ars) an +ua"a' ;nota!"%s) o+ M%$$a1

sha&8hs1 4a#&a t%a$h%rs an th%#r stu%nts1 ru'asa' ;(a#strat%s)1 an

(uta6a((a(#n ;s$ho"ars) "%a*% th% (osu% an s%t out $o""%$t#*%"& +or a

*#s#t to th% !#rthp"a$% o+ th% Proph%t1 shout#n out h#8r an tah"#" ;LA

ILAHA ILLALLAH). =h% hous%s on th% rout% ar% #""u(#nat% #th nu(%rous

"ant%rns an "ar% $an"%s1 an a r%at (an& p%op"% ar% out an a!out.

=h%& a"" %ar sp%$#a" $"oth%s an th%& ta8% th%#r $h#"r%n #th th%(.

Ha*#n r%a$h% th% !#rthp"a$%1 #ns#% a sp%$#a" s%r(on +or th% o$$as#on o+

th% !#rtha& o+ th% Proph%t #s %"#*%r%1 (%nt#on#n th% (#ra$"%s

;8ara(at) that too8 p"a$% on that o$$as#on. H%r%a+t%r th% u6a' +or th%

Su"tan ;#.%. th% Ca"#ph)1 th% E(#r o+ M%$$a1 an th% Sha36# a# #s

p%r+or(% an a"" pra& hu(!"&. Short"& !%+or% th% sa"at a",6Isha'1 th%

ho"% part& r%turns +ro( th% !#rthp"a$% o+ th% Proph%t to th% Gr%at

Mosu%1 h#$h #s a"(ost o*%r$ro%1 an a"" s#t on #n ros at th% +oot

o+ th% Maa( I!rah#(. In th% (osu%1 a pr%a$h%r 3rst (%nt#ons th%

tah(# ;AL HAMDULILLAH) an th% tah"#"1 an on$% aa#n th% u6a' +or th%

Su"tan1 th% E(#r1 an th% Sha36# a# #s p%r+or(%. A+t%r th#s th% $a"" +or


15/118

th% Sa"at a",6Isha' #s (a%. A+t%r th% sa"at1 th% $ro !r%a8s up. A s#(#"ar

%s$r#pt#on #s #*%n !& a",D#&ar!a8r# ;. FK?) #n h#s =a'r#8h a",


16/118

(usta#(1 p. F,F1 S%$t#on %nt#t"%: 2=h% #nno*at% +%st#*#t#%s o+ t#(%

an p"a$%2 ;(a uh#tha (#n a",a6&a a",4a(an#&&a a a",(a8an#&&a):

An s#(#"ar"& hat so(% p%op"% #nno*at% !& ana"o& #th th% Chr#st#ansho $%"%!rat% th% !#rth o+ 5%sus1 or out o+ "o*% +or th% Proph%t an to %a"t

h#(1 an A""ah (a& r%ar th%( +or th#s "o*% an %ort1 not on th% +a$t

that #t #s an #nno*at#on... =o $%"%!rat% an to honor th% !#rth o+ th% Proph%t

an to ta8% #t as an honor% s%ason1 as so(% o+ th% p%op"% ar% o#n1 #s

oo an #n #t th%r% #s a r%at r%ar1 !%$aus% o+ th%#r oo #nt%nt#ons #n

honor#n th% Proph%t.

=h#s #s hat 2Sa"a3s2 $annot sto(a$h1 +or a"" th%#r "o*% o+ I!n=a&(#&&a1 an th%& $annot s%%( to +or#*% h#( +or san th#s. On%

2Sa"a32 %#tor o+ th% It#a'1 Muha((a Ha(# a",0##1 has a to,pa%

+ootnot% h%r% #n h#$h h% %$"a#(s: 2


17/118

I!n =a&(#&&a's Op#n#on on th% M%%t#ns o+ Dh#8r

=h% +o""o#n #s th% op#n#on o+ I!n =a&(#&&a on (%%t#ns o+ h#8r. It $an !%

+oun #n th% FK>. In #t h%

sa&s1 p. >F: 2=h% N#ht o+ th% Proph%t's !#rth #s a (an#3$#%nt1 no!"%1

!"%ss% an ho"& n#ht1 a n#ht o+ !"#ss +or th% !%"#%*%rs1 pur%1 ra#ant #th

"#hts1 an o+ #((%asura!"% pr#$%.2

6Asa"an# an Su&ut#'s 0atas on th% P%r(#ss#!#"#t& o+ Ma"#


18/118

5a"a" a",D#n a",Su&ut# sa# #n h#s Ha# "# a",+ataa: 2=h% Sh%#8h o+ Is"a( an

ha#th (ast%r o+ h#s a%1 Ah(a #!n Ha7ar ;6Asa"an#) as as8% a!out

th% pra$t#$% o+ $o((%(orat#n th% !#rth o+ th% Proph%t1 an a*% th%

+o""o#n r#tt%n r%p"&:

As +or th% or##n o+ th% pra$t#$% o+ $o((%(orat#n th% Proph%t's !#rth1 #t #s

an #nno*at#on that has not !%%n $on*%&% to us +ro( an& o+ th% p#ous

%ar"& Mus"#(s o+ th% 3rst thr%% $%ntur#%s1 %sp#t% h#$h #t has #n$"u%

!oth +%atur%s that ar% pra#s%orth& an +%atur%s that ar% not. I+ on% ta8%s

$ar% to #n$"u% #n su$h a $o((%(orat#on on"& th#ns that ar%

pra#s%orth& an a*o#s thos% that ar% oth%r#s%1 #t #s a pra#s%orth&

#nno*at#on1 h#"% #+ on% o%s not1 #t #s not.

An auth%nt#$ pr#(ar& t%tua" !as#s +ro( h#$h #ts "%a" *a"##t& #s

#n+%ra!"% has o$$ur% to (%1 na(%"& th% r#orous"& auth%nt#$at% ;sah#h)

ha#th #n th% $o""%$t#ons o+ Bu8har# an Mus"#( that th% Proph%t $a(% to

M%#na an +oun th% 5%s +ast#n on th% t%nth o+ Muharra( ;6Ashura ')1

so h% as8% th%( a!out #t an th%& r%p"#%: 2It #s th% a& on h#$h A""ah

ron% Pharaoh an r%s$u% Mos%s1 so % +ast #n #t to #*% than8s to

A""ah Most H#h12 h#$h #n#$at%s th% *a"##t& o+ #*#n than8s to A""ah +or

th% !"%ss#ns H% has !%sto% on a part#$u"ar a& #n pro*##n a !%n%3t1

or a*%rt#n an a#$t#on. % r%p%at our than8s on th% ann#*%rsar& o+ that

a& %*%r& &%ar1 #*#n than8s to A""ah #th *ar#ous +or(s o+ orsh#p su$h

as prostrat#on1 +ast#n1 #*#n $har#t& or r%$#t#n th% -ur'an... =h%n hat

!"%ss#n #s r%at%r than th% !#rth o+ th% Proph%t1 th% Proph%t o+ (%r$&1 on

th#s a& In "#ht o+ h#$h1 on% shou" ta8% $ar% to $o((%(orat% #t on th%

a& #ts%"+ #n or%r to $on+or( to th% a!o*% stor& o+ Musa an th% t%nth o+

Muharra(1 !ut thos% ho o not *#% th% (att%r thus o not (#n

$o((%(orat#n #t on an& a& o+ th% (onth1 h#"% so(% ha*% %pan%

#ts t#(% to an& o+ a& th% &%ar1 hat%*%r %$%pt#on (a& !% ta8%n at su$h

a *#%.2

Oth%r S$ho"ars' Op#n#ons on th% Ma"#

A$$or#n to th% Mu+t# o+ M%$$a Ah(a #!n Ra&n# Dah"an1 #n h#s

!oo8 a",S#ra a",na!a#&&a a a",athar a",(uha((a#&&a1 pa% >: 2=o$%"%!rat% th% Ma"# an to r%(%(!%r th% Proph%t #s a$$%pt% !& a"" th%


19/118

U"a(a o+ th% Mus"#(s.2 Most o+ th% +o""o#n uotat#ons ar% ta8%n +ro(

that or8.

I(a( Su!8# sa#1 2h%n % %r% $%"%!rat#n th% Proph%t's!#rtha&1 a r%at uns ;+a(#"#ar#t&) $o(%s to our h%arts1 an % +%%"

so(%th#n sp%$#a".2

I(a( Sha8an# #n h#s !oo8 a",Bar at,ta"#61 sa#1 2It #s p%r(#ss#!"%

to $%"%!rat% th% Proph%t's !#rtha&.2 H% (%nt#on% that Mu""ah 6A"# -ar#

h%" th% sa(% op#n#on #n a !oo8 %nt#t"% a",Mar# ar,a# 3 a",Ma"# a",

Na!a#1 r#tt%n sp%$#3$a""& to support th% $%"%!rat#on o+ th% Proph%t's

!#rtha&.

I(a( A!u Sha(a1 th% sh%#8h o+ I(a( Naa#1 sa# #n h#s !oo8 on

#nno*at#ons %nt#t"%: a",Ba6#th 6a"a #n8ar a",!#a6 a a",haa#th:

=h% !%st #nno*at#on #n our a& #s th% r%(%(!ran$% o+ th% Proph%t's

!#rtha&. On that a&1 p%op"% #*% (u$h onat#ons1 (a8% (u$h orsh#p1

sho (u$h "o*% to th% Proph%t1 an #*% (u$h than8s to A""ah A"(#ht&+or s%n#n th%( H#s (%ss%n%r to 8%%p th%( on th% Sunna an Shar#6a

o+ Is"a(.

I(a( Sa8ha# sa#1 2=h% Ma"# as !%un thr%% $%ntur#%s a+t%r

th% Proph%t1 an a"" Mus"#( nat#ons $%"%!rat% #t1 an a"" 6u"a(a a$$%pt%

#t1 !& orsh#pp#n A""ah a"on%1 !& #*#n onat#ons an !& r%a#n th%

Proph%t's S#ra.2

Ha34 I!n Ha7ar a",Ha&ta(# sa# 1 2As 5%s $%"%!rat% th% a& o+

6Ashura !& +ast#n to than8 A""ah1 % a"so ha*% to $%"%!rat% th% a& o+

Ma"#12 an h% uot% th% a+or%(%nt#on% ha#th1 2h%n th% Proph%t

$a(% to Ma#na...2 I!n Ha7ar $ont#nu%s1 2On% #*%s than8s to A""ah +or th%

+a*or that H% a*% on a part#$u"ar a& %#th%r throuh a r%at oo1 or

throuh th% a*%rt#n o+ a #sast%r. =hat a& #s $%"%!rat% %*%r& &%ar

th%r%a+t%r. =han8s#*#n %nta#"s *ar#ous +or(s o+ orsh#p "#8% prostrat#on1

+ast#n1 $har#t&1 an th% r%$#tat#on o+ -ur'an1 an hat r%at%r oo #s


20/118

th%r% than th% a*%nt o+ that Proph%t1 th% Proph%t o+ M%r$&1 on th% a& o+

Ma"#2

I!n a",5a4# ;. F) rot% a !oo8"%t o+ po%(s an s#ra to !% r%aat (a"# $%"%!rat#ons. It #s %nt#t"% Ma"# a",6arusK an !%#ns #th

th% ors: a",ha(u "#""ah a","ah# a!ra4a (#n hurrat# 6arus# a",harat#

su!han (ustan#ra: 2Pra#s% !% to A""ah ho has (an#+%st% +ro( th%

ra#an$% o+ th% !r#%roo( o+ H#s Pr%s%n$% a "#ht,#*#n a&!r%a8...2

=o C%"%!rat% Ma"# Is Manu! ;%$o((%n%)

I(a( Su&ut# #n h#s !oo8 Husn a",(as# 3 6a(a" a",(a"#1 p. an K1

sa&s: 2=h% r%ason +or ath%r#n +or tara#h pra&%rs #s Sunna an ur!a ;to

s%%8 n%arn%ss to A""ah)... an s#(#"ar"& % sa& that th% r%ason +or

ath%r#n to $%"%!rat% (a"# #s (anu! ;r%$o((%n%) an ur!a ;an

a$t o+ ra#n n%ar).. an th% #nt%nt#on to $%"%!rat% (a"# #s (ustahsana

;%$%""%nt) #thout a ou!t.2

I(a( Su&ut# $ont#nu%s1 p. K,K1 2I ha*% %r#*% th% p%r(#ss#!#"#t&

o+ Ma"# +ro( anoth%r sour$% o+ th% Sunna !%s#%s I!n Ha7ar's %u$t#on

+ro( th% ha#th o+ 6Ashura'1 na(%"&1 th% ha#th +oun #n Ba&ha#1

narrat% !& Anas1 that 2=h% Proph%t s"auht%r% an 6a#a sa$r#3$% +or

n%!orns +or h#(s%"+ a+t%r h% r%$%#*% th% proph%$&12 a"thouh #t has

!%%n (%nt#on% that h#s ran+ath%r 6A! a",Mutta"#! # that on th%

s%*%nth a& a+t%r h% as !orn1 an th% 6a#a $annot !% r%p%at%.

=hus th% r%ason +or th% Proph%t's a$t#on #s to #*% than8s to A""ah +or

s%n#n h#( as a (%r$& to th% or"s1 an to #*% honor to h#s U((a1 #nth% sa(% a& that h% us% to pra& on h#(s%"+. It #s r%$o((%n% +or us1

th%r%+or%1 that % a"so sho than8s +or h#s !#rth !& (%%t#n #th our

!roth%rs1 !& +%%#n p%op"%1 an oth%r su$h oo or8s an r%7o#$#n.2

=h#s ha#th $on3r(s th% a+or%(%nt#on% ha#th o+ th% Proph%t's %(phas#s

o+ Mona& as th% a& o+ h#s !#rth an that o+ h#s proph%thoo.


21/118

CONCENING =HE CLAIM O0 =HE CON=EMPOA9 2SALA0I2 I=ES

HO 0OBADE MALID ON =HE GOUNDS =HA= I= IS AN INNOVA=ION1

SUCH AS ALBANI1 BIN BAR1 ABU BA


22/118

T a",ha34 I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an# a"so #n 0ath a",Bar# ;>@:@)J

T a",ha34 I!n a7a! a",Han!a"# a"so #n 5a(#6 a",6u"oo( a a",h#8a( ;p.

F>)J

T a",ha34 A!u Sha(a #n a",Ba6#th 6a"a #n8ar a",!#a6 a a",haa#th1

%. Mashhur Hasan Sa"(an ;#&ah: Dar a",a&a1 >FF?/>>?) p. F@J Ca#ro

%#t#on1 p. >.

T a",ha34 a",=urtush# a",Ma"#8#1 ,

>F)J H% h#(s%"+ #*#% th% !#6a #nto (uharra(a ;+or!#%n)1 (a8ruha

;#s"#8%)1 an a7#!a ;o!"#ator&): p. >.

T a",ha34 a",Su&ut# a""u%s to #t #n th% #ntrou$t#on to h#s +ata on

Ma"# %nt#t"% Husn a",(as# 3 6a(a" a",(a"# #n a",Ha# "# a",+ata#J

T a",ha34 I!n =a&(#&&a1 Dar' ta6aru a",6a" a a",na"1 %.

Muha((a a",Sa& 5u"a&n# ;Ca#ro: Mu'assasat a",ahra(1 >?F/>F) p.

>>: 2Ba&ha# narrat% #t #n a",Ma8ha" #th a soun $ha#n2J

T a",ha34 a",Ba&ha#1 Mana#! a",Sha3'# ;>:KF) #n th%s% ors:

a",(uhathatu (#n a",u(ur# ar!an# ahauhu(a (a uh#tha &u8ha"#+u8#ta!an a sunnatan a atharan a #7(a6an +a hah#h# a",!#6atu a",

a"a"at a a",than#&atu (a uh#tha (#n a",8ha&r# "a 8h#"a+a 3h# "# ah##n

(#n hah#h# a hah#h# (uhathatun ha&ru (ah(u(a.

Inno*at% (att%rs ar% on% o+ to 8#ns: on% #s an #nno*at#on h#$h

$ontra*%n%s so(%th#n #n th% -ur'an or th% Sunna or a r%port +ro( a

Co(pan#on or th% $ons%nsus o+ h% s$ho"ars: th#s #s th% #nno*at#on o+

(#su#an$% ;!#6a a"a"a)J th% oth%r 8#n #s hat%*%r oo has !%%n


23/118

#nno*at% h#$h $ontra*%n%s non% o+ th% a!o*%1 an th#s #s an #nno*at#on

that #s not !"a(%orth& ;(uhathatun ha&ru (ah(u(a).

. a",Ha34 a",6I44 I!n 6A! a",Sa"a( sa#:

=h%r% ar% 3*% t&p%s o+ !#6a:

, Hara( ;+or!#%n)

, Ma8hruh ;#s"#8%)

, Mu!ah ;p%r(#tt%)

, Manu! ;pra#s%orth&)

, a7#! ;o!"#ator&).2

Sour$%s:

T a",ha34 a",Shat#!#1


24/118

T A!u Sha(aJ h% #*#% #t #nto !#6a (ustahsana / hasana on th%

on% han1 an !#6a (usta!aha on th% oth%r1 #ts%"+ su!#*#% #nto

(uharra( an (a8ruh. In a",Ba6#th 6a"a #n8ar a",!#a6 a a",haa#th

Ca#ro %. ;p. >@)J

T a",=ur8u(an# a",Hana3J h% #*#% #t #nto %#th%r !#6a (ustahsana

;appro*%)1 su$h as (u!aha &utha! 6a"a&ha ;p%r(#tt% #nno*at#on h#$h

(%r#ts r%ar)1 or !#6a (usta!aha ;#sappro*%)1 su$h as (a8ruha or

(uharra(a. In FK)

>:@J

T I!n a",Ha77 a",6A!ar# a",Ma"#8#1 ho +o""o% a",I44 I!n 6A! a",Sa"a('s $"ass#3$at#on. Ma8ha" a",shar6 a",shar#+ ;Ca#ro1 >@@K H) :>>J

T a",=ahana# a",Hana31 ho a"so +o""o% I!n 6A! a",Sa"a(.

FKK) >:>@@,>@J

T a",Ha34 I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an# #n h#s $o((%ntar& o+ 6U(ar's san

r%"at% !& Bu8har# a!out Sa"at a",=ara#h: 2hat a 3n% #nno*at#on th#s #s2;n#6(at a",!#6a hah#h):

=h% root (%an#n o+ #nno*at#on #s hat #s prou$% #thout

pr%$%%nt. It #s app"#% #n th% "a #n oppos#t#on to th% Sunna an #s

th%r%+or% !"a(%orth&. Str#$t"& sp%a8#n1 #+ #t #s part o+ hat #s $"ass#3%

as $o((%na!"% !& th% "a th%n #t #s a oo #nno*at#on ;hasana)1 h#"% #+

#t #s part o+ hat #s $"ass#3% as !"a(%orth& !& th% "a th%n #t #s

!"a(%orth& ;(usta!aha)1 oth%r#s% #t +a""s #n th% $at%or& o+ hat #sp%r(#tt% #n#%r%nt"& ;(u!ah). It $an !% #*#% #nto th% 8non 3*%

$at%or#%s.2

. C%rta#n p%op"% st#"" o!7%$t: 2hat a!out th% ha#th: 8u""u !#a't#n a"a"a:

2E*%r& #nno*at#on #s a (#su#an$%2 Do%sn't th% t%r( 2%*%r&2 #n$"u% a""

#nno*at#ons2


25/118

Su$h an o!7%$t#on st%(s +ro( th% (#s#nt%rpr%tat#on o+ th% t%r(

8u""u ;2%*%r&2) #n th% ha#th to !% a"",%n$o(pass#n #thout %$%pt#on1

h%r%as #n Ara!#$ #t (a& (%an 2n%ar"& a""2 or 2th% *ast (a7or#t&.2 =h#s #s

ho a",Sha36# un%rstoo #t or %"s% h% ou" ha*% n%*%r a""o% +or an&

#nno*at#on hatso%*%r to !% $ons#%r% oo1 an h% #s $ons#%r% ahu77a or 2proo+12 that #s1 a r%+%r%n$% #thout p%%r +or u%st#ons r%ar#n

th% Ara!#$ "anua%. I(a( Ba&ha# narrat% #n h#s Mana#! a",Sha36#

;:,K):

a",Hasan #!n Ha!#! r%"at% +ro( Mah(u a",M#sr# ,, an h% as on% o+

thos% #+t% #th %"ou%n$% ,, that Mah(u sa#: I sa a",Sha36# h%n I

as "#tt"%1 an I h%ar I!n H#sha( ,, an I n%*%r s%t %&%s on on% +ro(

ho( I too8 #so( su$h as I!n H#sha( ,, sa&: 2I as a",Sha36#'s s#tt#n,$o(pan#on +or a "on t#(%1 an I n%*%r h%ar h#( us% a or %$%pt that

#+ that or %r% $ar%+u""& $ons#%r%1 on% ou" not 3n ;#n #ts $ont%t) a

!%tt%r or than #t #n th% %nt#r% Ara!#$ "anua%.2 Mah(u a"so sa#: I

a"so h%ar I!n H#sha( sa&: 2a",Sha36#'s #s$ours%1 #n r%"at#on to "anua%1

#s a proo+ #n #ts%"+.2

It #s a"so r%"at% +ro( a",Hasan #!n Muha((a a",Ra6+aran#: A

roup o+ th% p%op"% o+ pur% Ara!#$ ;a(un (#n ah" a",6ara!#&&a) us% to

+r%u%nt a",Sha36#'s ath%r#n #th us an s#t #n a $orn%r. On% a& I as8%

th%#r "%a%r: 29ou ar% not #nt%r%st% #n s$ho"arsh#pJ h& o &ou 8%%p

$o(#n h%r% #th us2 =h%& sa#: 2% $o(% to h%ar a",Sha36#'s "anua%.2

=h% st&"#st#$ 3ur% o+ (%an#n th% part !& th% ho"%1 or s&n%$o$h% #n

En"#sh1 #s #n Ara!#$: 6a!!ara 6an a",8athrat# !# a",8u""#&&a. =h#s #s

#""ustrat% !& th% us% o+ 8u"" #n *%rs% K: o+ th% -ur'an #n a s%"%$t#*% or

part#a" s%ns% not a un#*%rsa" s%ns%:

D%stron a"" th#ns !& $o((an(%nt o+ #ts Lor. An (orn#n +oun

th%( so that nauht $ou" !% s%%n sa*% th%#r %""#ns.

=hus th% %""#ns %r% not %stro&% a"thouh 2a""2 th#ns ha

!%%n %stro&%. 2A""2 h%r% (%ans sp%$#3$a""& th% "#*%s o+ th% un!%"#%*%rs

o+ 6A an th%#r prop%rt#%s1 %$%pt th%#r hous%s. =h% sa(% app"#%s #th

th% hoopo%,!#r's %pr%ss#on h%n h% sa&s that Ba"8#s has !%%n #*%n #n


26/118

a!unan$% +ro( 2%*%r&th#n2 #n Sura a",Na(" ;:@)1 h%r%as sh% as

not #*%n an& po%r o*%r Su"a&(an nor an& shar% o+ h#s 8#no(.

S#(#"ar"& h%n A""ah sa&s: 2E*%r& sou" ;8u""u na+s#n) sha"" tast% %ath2

;@:>)1 #t #s un%rstoo thouh not (%nt#on% that A""ah H#(s%"+ #s

%$"u% +ro( th% (%an#n.

In $on$"us#on1 th% pos#t#on o+ th% (a7or#t& o+ th% s$ho"ars #s $"%ar:

2=o #n*%nt2 ;ahatha) a 2n% pra$t#$%2 ;!#'at) (a& r%+%r %#th%r to th%

(att%r that #s n% "#nu#st#$a""& sp%a8#n ;"a+4an)1 %.. ston% (as7#s1 a""

th% Is"a(#$ s$#%n$%s1 r#t#n !oo8s a!out r%"##on1 %t$. or th% (att%r that

#s n% "%a""& sp%a8#n ;shar6an)1 %.. a s#th a#"& pra&%r. S#n$% !#6a

usua""& app"#%s to #nno*at#ons #n r%"##on #n th% "%a" s%ns%1 th% +or(%r

8#n o+ 2n% (att%r2 o%s not ua"#+& as a !#6a an th%r%+or% #s notproh#!#t%.

=h% a!o*% #s th% ru"#n o+ a"" th% (a7or s$ho"ars on th% %3n#t#on o+ !#6a.

ho%*%r %n#%s th#s %3n#t#on #s %#th%r #norant1 or a$tua""& #*#n a n%

%3n#t#on h#$h #s not +ro( th% (a7or#t& o+ s$ho"ars !ut +ro( on%'s on

h#(. =h%#r $"a#( that th%& ar% 2st#$8#n to th% Sunna2 #s an %(pt& $"a#(

h#$h o%s not +oo" an&!o& !ut th%(s%"*%s an thos% th%& sa"&

(#su#%. h%n as8% to su!stant#at% #t #th th% $r#t%r#a o+ s$ho"arsh#p #n

th% "#ht o+ th% %*#%n$% aa#nst th%(1 th%& 7ust #nst%a 8%%p r%p%at#n

th% $"a#(1 "#8% parrots1 #nor#n or a%$t#n to #nor% th% #%r%n$%

!%t%%n th% $"a#( an th% r%a"#t& o+ th% $"a#(. =h%#r purport% 2a*o#an$%

o+ !#6a2 #s s#(#"ar"& !as% on th%#r on h#(s#$a" $on*#$t#on that th%&

a"on% ar% r#ht a"thouh th%& stra& +ro( th% "ar%r roup. Ma& A""ah u#%

th%( to th% truth.

BIE0 ANSES =O CE=AIN -UES=IONS

PE=AINING =O MALID

-. S#n$% th% purpos% o+ Ma"# #s to pro(ot% "o*% an o!%#%n$% o+ th%

Proph%t1 th%n h& # th% 3rst %n%rat#ons o+ Mus"#(s not $%"%!rat% #t

Unou!t%"&1 "o*% an o!%#%n$% o+ th% Proph%t %r% not "a$8#n at thatt#(%.


27/118

A. =h% ans%r #s #*%n #n th% u%st#on #ts%"+. I+ th% p%op"% o+ toa& $ou"

pra$t#$% "o*% an o!%#%n$% o+ th% Proph%t th% a& th% Sa"a+ #1 th%n

th%& ou" ha*% no n%% o+ th% *o"untar& $%"%!rat#on o+ Ma"# to r%(#n

th%(.

=h% sa(% app"#%s to 8no"%% an !%"#%+. In th% 3rst %n%rat#ons1

8no"%% an !%"#%+ %r% pur% an sa+% +ro( th% an%rs o+

+or%t+u"n%ss an #nno*at#onJ h%n th%s% %*#"s app%ar%1 th% I(a(s o+

3h st%pp% +orth an # th%#r r%at or8 to prot%$t th% U((a +ro(

%rror. =h% Co(pan#ons th%(s%"*%s ha no n%% o+ +or(a" s$hoo"s o+ La.

=h% sa(% app"#%s to (ora"s. Ruh ;2Do#n,#thout2) as a $hara$t%r#st#$

o+ a"" th% Co(pan#ons an th% natura" stat% o+ th% Proph%t. h%n #t

!%$a(% a rar% th#n1 th% #(a(s o+ tasau+ $a(% an $o#3% 4uh1

%n$oura#n p%op"% to r%turn to th% %$%""%nt (ann%rs an s#(p"#$#t& o+

%ar"#%r t#(%s. A"" o+ th%s%: 6u"u( a",3h1 6u"u( a",tasau+1 an Ma"#1

# not %#st +or(a""& #n th% 3rst $%ntur#%s !%$aus% th%r% as no n%% +or

th%(. =h% "o*% +or th% Proph%t an h#s #(#tat#on %r% $%rta#n"& r%at%r

th%n.

B%ar% o+ thos% ho sa& that Ma"# #s ron s#(p"& !%$aus% #t # not

%#st #n th% 3rst thr%% $%ntur#%s. =o $"a#( that so(%th#n o%s aa#nst th%

Sunna !%$aus% #t as not pr%s%nt #n th% 3rst thr%% $%ntur#%s1 #n#$at%s

that on% #s +ost%r#n th% ron un%rstan#n o+ 2+o""o#n th% Sunna2

an th#s #s r%7%$t%. In +a$t1 #t #s #(p%r(#ss#!"% to $"a#( that th% Proph%t

# not $%"%!rat% h#s !#rtha&1 s#n$% #t #s %sta!"#sh% #n soun ha#th that

h% $o((%(orat% h#s !#rtha& !& +ast#n on Mona&s.

-. =h%r% as no su$h th#n as Ma"# !%+or% th% 0at#(# r%#(% #n E&pt

start% #t. Ar%n't th%& %noun$% !& Ah" a",Sunna as %*#ants

A. =h% 0at#(#s ru"% #n E&pt +ro( a!out @K? to K?. But th% h#stor#an o+

M%$$a a",A4ra# ;@r $%ntur&) (%nt#on% th% (a"# #n th% s%ns% o+ th%hous% h%r% th% Proph%t as !orn1 an h% sa# that sa"at #n that hous%


28/118

as %$"ar% !& th% s$ho"ars as %s#ra!"% ;(ustaha!!) +or th% r%ason o+

s%%8#n sp%$#a" !"%ss#n ;ta!arru8). S%% A8h!ar M%88a ;:>K?). A"so1 th%

(u+ass#r a",Naash ;KK,@>) sa# #n h#s Sh#+a' a",hara( ;>:>FF) that

th% !#rthp"a$% o+ th% Proph%t ;(a"# a",na!#) #s a p"a$% h%r% u6a on

(ona&s #s ans%r%. I!n 5u!a&r ;?,K?) #n h#s >,>>) (%nt#ons th% Ma"# as a pu!"#$ $o((%(orat#on ta8#n p"a$% #n

M%$$a #n th% Hous% o+ th% Proph%t 2%*%r& Mona& o+ th% (onth o+ a!#6

a",aa".2 An th% +ath%r,an,son th,$%ntur& h#stor#ans A!u" 6A!!as an

A!u" -as#( a",6A4a3 sa# #n


29/118

, =h% a"3&&a pra&%r o+ (#,Sha6!an an th% aha'#! o+ a7a!.

, Stopp#n or8 on th% a& o+ 5u(6a.

, =ath#! ;pronoun$#n as,sa"atu 8ha&run (#n a",na( #n th% ahan o+

0a7r). a",anshar#s#1 a "at%r Ma"#8# ho #% #n F>1 3na""& a$$%pts #t as a!#6a (ustahsana: s%% h#s a",Mustahsan (#n a",!#a6 ;=h% #nno*at#ons

that ar% $ons#%r% oo).

, a#s#n th% hans an *o#$% ur#n u6a.

, %ar#n th% tur!an #thout pass#n th% "on%st %tr%(#t& un%r th%

$h#n.

, Dra#n on%'s $"oth%s !%h#n on%s%"+ on th% roun.

, M##n o+ th% s%%s #n th% (osu%s on th% n#hts o+ =ara#h.

, %nt#n th% s%r*#$%s o+ a p%rson to p%r+or( th% p#"r#(a% !& pro&. Et$.

9%t a",=urtush# n%*%r (%nt#ons nor $on%(ns th% Ma"#1 a"thouh

h% unou!t%"& (ust ha*% #tn%ss% #t s#n$% #t as a r%u"ar pu!"#$

$%"%!rat#on ur#n h#s "#+% #n E&pt1 an a"thouh #t #n*o"*% (or% p%op"%

than (an& o+ th% #nno*at#ons h% o%s (%nt#on =h#s #s a "ar#n o(#ss#on

#n *#% o+ th% +a$t that h% as %sp%$#a""& #nt%nt on $%nsor#n th%#nno*at#ons that h% %%(% %r% $onn%$t% to th% 0at#(# r%#(%. a",

=urtush#'s o(#ss#on #s an #n#$at#on that a"thouh h% oppos% th% 0at#(#s1

h% $ons#%r% Ma"# un%r th% 0at#(#s to !% n%#th%r an #nno*at#on1 nor

!"a(%orth&1 an #t $onst#tut%s ta$#t appro*a" o+ Ma"# on h#s part. An

A""ah 8nos !%st.

-. hat ar% th% op#n#ons on Ma"# o+ thos% ho( th% 2Sa"a3s2 $ons#%r

th%#r author#t#%s

A. % ha*% a"r%a& tou$h% upon th% su!7%$t a!o*%. 0o""o#n ar% so(%

a#t#ona" r%(ar8s #th r%+%r%n$% to Ha34 a",Dhaha!# an I(a( I!n


30/118

su(ptuous $%"%!rat#on o+ th% Proph%t's !#rtha&. Dhaha!# r#t%s #n h#s

S#&ar a6"a( a",nu!a"a':

H% Mu4aar "o*% $har#t& ;saaa)... an !u#"t +our hosp#$%s +or th% pooran s#$8... an on% hous% +or o(%n1 on% +or orphans1 on% +or th%

ho(%"%ss1 an h% h#(s%"+ us% to *#s#t th% s#$8... H% !u#"t a (arasa +or

th% Sha36#s an th% Hana3s... H% ou" +or!# an& r%pr%h%ns#!"% (att%r

%ntr& #nto h#s $ountr&... As +or h#s $%"%!rat#on o+ th% No!"% Ma"# a",

Na!a#1 ors ar% too poor to %s$r#!% #t. =h% p%op"% us% to $o(% a"" th%

a& +ro( Ira an A"%r#a to att%n #t. =o oo%n a#s ou" !% %r%$t%

an %$orat% +or h#( an h#s #+%... th% $%"%!rat#on ou" "ast s%*%ra"

a&s1 an a hu% uant#t& o+ $os an $a(%"s ou" !% !rouht out to !%

sa$r#3$% an $oo8% #n #%r%nt a&s... Pr%a$h%rs ou" roa( th% 3%"%hort#n th% p%op"%. Gr%at su(s %r% sp%nt ;as $har#t&). I!n D#h&a

$o(p#"% a 2Boo8 o+ Ma"#2 +or h#( +or h#$h h% r%$%#*% >1??? #nars.

H% Mu4aar as (o%st1 a "o*%r o+ oo1 an a tru% Sunn# ho "o*%

s$ho"ars o+ 7ur#spru%n$% an s$ho"ars o+ ha#th1 an as %n%rous %*%n

to po%ts. H% as 8#""% #n !att"% a$$or#n to hat #s r%port%.

Sour$%: a",Dhaha!#1 S#&ar a6"a( a",nu!a"a'1 %. Shu6a&! Arna'ut ;B%#rut:

Mu'assasat a",#sa"ah1 >F>) :@@,@@K.

I!n


31/118

Mor% #(portant"&1 I!n ?). =h% "att%r r%$%#*% a $o((%ntar& %nt#t"% 0ath a",

sa(a a",6a"#( 6a"a Ma"# a",Sha&8h #!n a",-as#( a"so 8non as a",Bu"uh a",+a4# "#,!a&an a"+a4 Ma"# I!n a",5a4# !& Muha((a Naa#

#!n 6U(ar #!n 6Ara!# ;Ca#ro: =u!#6a !# na+aat 0aa Muha((a a",


32/118

Mu+t# Muha((a Ma4har A""ah D#h"a#1 0ataa (a4har#

Mu""a 6A"# a",-ar#1 a",Mar# a",ra# 3 Ma"# a",na!#.

Ha7# I(a A""ah Muha7#r Ma88#1 Sha(a'#( #(a#&&a

Muha#th 6A! a",Ha&& a",Lu$8na#1 0ataa 6A! a",Ha&&

Ma"#8#s:

Ha34 I!n D#h&a a",


33/118

Ha34 I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an#1 as uot% !& Su&ut# #n a",Ha#.

-asta""an#1 a",Maah#! a","aun#&&a

Ha34 a",Sa8ha#1 Su!u" a",hua1 a"so uot% #n -ar#1 a",Mar# a",ra#

I(a( I!n Ha7ar a",Ha&ta(#1 0ataa ha#th#&&aJ a",N#6(at a",8u!ra 6a"a a",

6a"a( 3 (a"# sa& a"a# Aa(J =ahr#r a",8a"a( 3 a",#&a( 6#na

h#8r (a"# sa& a",ana(J =uh+at a",a8h&ar 3 (a"# a",(u8htar

Ha34 a7#h a",D#n 6A! a",ah(an a",Ra!## a",Da&!a6 ;. F)1


34/118

Narrat% I!n 6U(ar:

=h% Proph%t us% to %"#*%r h#s s%r(ons h#"% stan#n

!%s#% th% trun8 o+ a at%pa"(. h%n h% ha th% pu"p#t (a%1

h% us% #t #nst%a. =h% trun8 start% $rn an th% Proph%t

%nt to #t1 ru!!#n h#s han o*%r #t ;to stop #ts $rn).

Sah#h Bu8har#1 Vo". 1 Boo8 K1 Nu(!%r @

I+ a %a tr%% $ou" $r& #th sorro h%n #stan$% +ro( th% Proph%t1

hat a!out a hu(an !%#n An ho #stant +ro( th% Proph%t ar% % #n$o(par#son to thos% ho "#*% #n h#s !"%ss% t#(% I+ so(% p%op"% a$$us%

Ah" a",Sunna o+ #nno*at#on h%n th%& ant to r%(%(!%r th% Proph%t on

h#s !#rtha& an on an& oth%r a& !& r%$#t#n h#s S#ra1 (a8#n sa"aat #n

roups1 s#n#n as#as o+ pra#s%1 an "on#n +or h#(: th%n "%t th%(

a$$us% th% tr%% trun8

o+ !#'ah an stop #t +ro( #ts sorro. As +or us1 % ar% r%7o#$#n +or h#s

a*%nt to th#s or""& "#+% an &%t "a(%nt#n h#s pass#n1 on th% sa(% a&

as h#s !#rth1 +or our h%arts ar% (#ss#n h#( an s%%8 th% a& o+ (%%t#n#th h#(. Ma& A""ah p%r+u(% h#s !"%ss% ra*% an %no #t #th %*%r

(or% "#hts an p%a$%.

It #s +ro( th% Sunna to "on +or th% Proph%t a+t%r h#s pass#n +ro( th#s "#+%.

=h#s #s o$u(%nt% #n an auth%nt#$ ha#th #n h#$h A!u Hura&ra narrat%

that th% Proph%t sa#: 2A t#(% #"" $o(% h%n an& o+ &ou #"" "on to s%%

(% (or% than to ha*% h#s +a(#"& an prop%rt& ou!"%.2 ;Sah#h Bu8har#1

Vo". 1 Boo8 K1 Nu(!%r )

CONCENING =HE S=ANDING O0 =HE PEOPLE A= =HE CONCLUSION O0

MALID1 HILE SENDING DAUD O SALAA= ,, BLESSINGS AND

SALU=A=IONS ,, ON =HE HOL9 POPHE=


35/118

Anoth%r o!7%$t#on o+ so(% $ons#sts #n $r#t#$#4#n th% stan#n o+ th% p%op"%

at th% $on$"us#on o+ Ma"#1 #n h#$h th% p%op"% ar%ss sa"utat#ons an

!"%ss#ns to th% Proph%t. It #s !%&on r%ason ho an&on% $an o!7%$t to an

a$t o+ o!%#%n$% an orsh#p h#$h has !%%n sp%$#3$a""& %n7o#n% !&

A""ah #n H#s Boo8 h%n H% sa#: 2O B%"#%*%rs1 s%n !"%ss#ns an ut(ostsa"utat#ons on h#(2 ;@@:K) an H% a"so spo8% #n pra#s% o+ 2=hos% ho

r%(%(!%r A""ah stan#n1 an s#tt#n1 an on th%#r s#%s2 ;@:>F>). S#n$%

r%(%(!%r#n A""ah an s%n#n !"%ss#ns on H#s Proph%t ar% a$ts o+

orsh#p1 no att%nt#on #s #*%n to thos% ho o!7%$t to stan#n +or th% sa8%

o+ +u"3""#n on% o+ A""ah's or%rs an r%%t#n th% Proph%t a$$or#n to

A""ah's or%r.

0urth%r(or%1 #t #s 8non that an&on% ho *#s#ts th% Proph%t #nMa#na #s o!"#% to stan #n +ront o+ h#( #th ut(ost r%sp%$t at th% t#(%

h% #*%s h#( r%%t#ns an sa"utat#ons1 an th%r% #s no #%r%n$% #n th%

r%%t#n o+ Sa"a( !%#n #*%n to th% Proph%t #n +ront o+ h#( #n Ma#na an

th% on% #*%n to h#( +ro( thousans o+ (#"%s aa&1 a$$or#n to (an&

soun ha#ths o+ h#$h s%*%ra" ar% (%nt#on% a!o*% #n th% s%$t#on on

R#&arat or V#s#tat#on o+ th% Proph%t1 a(on th%( th% +o""o#n:

T 2ho%*%r #n*o8%s !"%ss#ns on (% at (& ra*%1 I h%ar h#(1 an

ho%*%r #n*o8%s !"%ss#ns on (% +ro( a+ar1 I a( #n+or(% a!out #t.2F

T 2No on% r%%ts (% %$%pt A""ah has r%turn% (& sou" to (% so that

I $an r%turn h#s Sa"a(2.>?

Su&ut# #n An!a' a",ah8#&a' !# ha&at a",an!#&a' sa# that raa

(%ans 6a"a a",aa(1 #.%. p%r(an%nt"&1 an not t%(porar#"&: #n oth%rors1 A""ah o%s not r%turn th% sou" an ta8% #t !a$81 th%n r%turn #t aa#n

an th%n ta8% #t !a$8 aa#n1 !ut H% has r%turn% #t to th% Proph%t

p%r(an%nt"&1 an th% Proph%t #s a"#*% p%r(an%nt"&1 not #nt%r(#tt%nt"& as

so(% #norant p%op"% ha*% su%st%. =o thos% ho ou" #%r #th

I(a( Su&ut# % sa&: h#s proo+ #s #rr%+uta!"%1 s#n$% th%r% ar% a"a&s p%op"%

at pra&%r #n th% or" ur#n th% %nt#r% t%nt&,+our hour $&$"%1 an

s%n#n sa"aat on th% Proph%t #s part o+ sa"at. It +o""os that p%op"% ar%

$onstant"& #n*o8#n !"%ss#ns an r%%t#ns on th% Proph%t #thout stop #n

th% or"1 an that h% #s $onstant"& r%turn#n #t. =h#s shos that th%

ha#th o+ th% Proph%t on th% r%turn o+ h#s sou" ta8%s #nto $ons#%rat#on th%


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$ont#nu#t& o+ pra&%r $on$o(#tant #th th% r%*o"*#n 3*% t#(%s o+ pra&%r

aroun th% or"1 an that #n%% h% #s a"#*% #n p%r(an%n$%1 s#n$% A""ah

has %nt#t"% h#( to r%turn %*%r& s#n"% Sa"a( that #s (a% to h#(.

Nor #s th% appropr#at% t#(% +or stan#n h#"% (a8#n sa"aat

on"& at th% t#(% o+ Ma"#1 !ut at an& t#(%1 su$h as a+t%r sa"at1 a+t%r 5u(6a

pra&%r1 #n#*#ua""& or #n $onr%at#on. It #s a *o"untar& a$t o+ orsh#p that

no on% $an +or!# oth%rs +ro( p%r+or(#n +or th% sa8% o+ o!%n A""ah.

I!n -un+uh a",-usant#n# a",Ma"#8# ;. >?) rot% #n h#s !oo8

as#"at a",#s"a( !# a",na!#:

=h% Co((un#t& #s unan#(ous $on$%rn#n th% o!"#at#on to (an#+& an

%a"t th% Proph%t1 h#s 0a(#"&1 an h#s Co(pan#ons. It as th% pra$t#$% o+

th% P#ous Pr%%$%ssors an th% I(a(s o+ th% past that h%n%*%r th%

Proph%t as (%nt#on% #n th%#r pr%s%n$% th%& %r% o*%rh%"(% !&

r%*%r%n$%1 hu(!"%n%ss1 st#""n%ss1 an #n#t&. 5a6+ar #!n Muha((a #!n

6A"# #!n a",Husa&n #!n 6A"# #!n A!# =a"#! ;5a6+ar a",Sa#) ou" turn pa"%

h%n%*%r h% h%ar th% Proph%t (%nt#on%. I(a( Ma"#8 ou" not

(%nt#on a ha#th %$%pt #n a stat% o+ r#tua" pur#t&. 6A! a",ah(an #!n a",-as#( #!n Muha((a #!n A!u Ba8r a",S## ou" turn r% an sta((%r

h%n%*%r h% h%ar th% Proph%t (%nt#on%. As +or 6A(#r #!n 6A! A""ah #!n

a",Ru!a&r #!n a",6Aa(( a",Asa# ;on% o+ th% %ar"& su3s)1 h% ou" %%p

unt#" h#s %&%s ha no t%ars "%+t #n th%(. h%n an& ha#ths %r% (%nt#on%

#n th%#r pr%s%n$% th%& ou" "o%r th%#r *o#$%s. Ma"#8 sa#: 2H#s

sa$r%n%ss ;hur(at) #s #n %ath #s as h#s sa$r%n%ss as #n "#+%.2>>

Anoth%r r%ason h& #t #s %s#ra!"% an r%$o((%n% to !% s%%nstan#n at th% t#(% o+ r%%t#n th% Proph%t #s that h% h#(s%"+ or%r% th%

Co(pan#ons to stan up h%n Sa6 #!n Mu6ah $a(% to h#(1 as r%"at%

!& Bu8har# #n h#s Sah#h: -u(u "# sau( or 2Stan up +or &our (ast%r.2

hat !%tt%r (ast%r to stan +or than th% Proph%t I(a( Naa#

%(onstrat% at "%nth that stan#n out o+ r%sp%$t +or s$ho"ars as not

on"& p%r(#ss#!"% !ut %s#ra!"% #n h#s !oo8 a",=ar8h#s 3 a",#8ra( !# a",#&a(1

th% +u"" t#t"% o+ h#$h r%as: 2=h% P%r(#ss#!#"#t& o+ Honor#n1 B& Stan#n

Up1 =hos% ho Poss%ss E$%""%n$% an D#st#n$t#on A(on th% P%op"% o+

Is"a(: In th% Sp#r#t o+ P#ousn%ss1 %*%r%n$%1 an %sp%$t1 Not #n th% Sp#r#t

o+ D#sp"a& an Aran#4%(%nt.2 =h% +o""o#n #s$uss#on on th% su!7%$t


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o+ stan#n out o+ r%sp%$t #s ta8%n +ro( Naa#'s =ar8h#s1 as %"" as h#s

Sharh Sah#h Mus"#(1 I!n Ha7ar's s%$t#ons o+ 0ath a",Bar# +o""o#n up on

Naa#'s =ar8h#s1 an Sa8ha#'s on !#oraph& o+ I!n Ha7ar %nt#t"% a",

5aah#r a a",urar:

>. 0ro( 6A(r #!n Shu6a&! +ro( h#s +ath%r +ro( h#s ran+ath%r: =h%

Proph%t sa#: 2H% #s not o+ us ho # not sho (%r$& to our &oun on%s

an #nor% th% honor o+ our %"%rs.2 =#r(#h# ;B#rr a s#"at :@ )

sa#: hasan sah#h ;+a#r an soun). Ah(a ;:>) narrat%s #t !ut th%

s%$on part #s: 2an #nor% th% r#ht o+ our %"%rs.2 Naa# sa#: %

r%"at% ;!& a $ha#n) +ro( Bu8har# that h% sa#: 2I sa Ah(a #!n Han!a"

an 6A"# #!n a",Maan# an Isha #!n ahaa&h $#t% th% ha#th o+ 6A(r #!n

Shu6a&! +ro( h#s +ath%r +ro( h#s ran+ath%r as a proo+ ,, an ho ar%thos% ho $a(% a+t%r th%(2 Anoth%r *%rs#on +ro( I!n 6A!!as has:

2...an o%s not tr%at our %"%rs #th r%*%r%n$%...2 =#r(#h# ;:@ )1

!ut #th a %a8%r $ha#n.

. 0ro( Ma&(un #!n A!# Sha!#!: A !%ar pass% !& 6A'#sha an sh% a*%

h#( a $hun8 o+ !r%a. Anoth%r t#(% a hanso(%"& r%ss% (an pass% !&

h%r an sh% #n*#t% h#( to s#t an %at. Sh% as as8% a!out #t an sh%

sa#: =h% Proph%t sa#: an4#"u a",nasa (ana4#"ahu(: 2=r%at p%op"%

a$$or#n to th%#r stat#on.2 A!u Dau r%"at% #t #th an #nt%rrupt%

;(unat#6) $ha#nJ Mus"#( (%nt#ons #t #thout $ha#n #n th% #ntrou$t#on to

h#s Sah#h. Sa8ha# sa&s #n h#s #ntrou$t#on ;p. ) to a",5aah#r a a",urar

;=h% #a(ons an th% p%ar"s)1 h#s !#oraph& o+ h#s t%a$h%r I!n Ha7ar a",

6Asa"an#: 2=h#s #s a +a#r ;hasan) ha#th... Naa# r%ports I!n a",Sa"ah's

op#n#on that #t #s not %3n#t%"& %sta!"#sh% as soun a"thouh #t sat#s3%s

Mus"#('s $r#t%r#on1 ho%*%r1 a",Ha8#( %3n#t%"& %sta!"#sh%s #t as soun #n

th% part that %a"s #th th% >Kth 8#n o+ soun narrat#on o+ h#s !oo8

Ma6r#+at 6u"u( a",ha#th ;


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h% sa#: 2=h%s% p%op"% ha*% su!(#tt% to &our %$#s#on...2 Mus"#(

narrat% #t #n h#s Sah#h ;B8. @ 5#ha , Ch. >).

NAAI'S COMMEN=A9: =h%r% #s #n th#s ha#th th% proo+ +or honor#np%rsons o+ (%r#t !& stan#n up +or th%( upon r%$%#*#n th%( h#"% th%&

ar% $o(#n toars us. =hus ha*% th% o*%rh%"(#n (a7or#t& o+ th%

s$ho"ars us% th#s as a proo+ +or th% %s#ra!#"#t& o+ stan#n up. -a# 6I&a

sa#: 2=h#s #s not th% 8#n o+ stan#n that #s +or!#%n. =h% "att%r #s on"&

h%n on% s#ts an th% oth%rs r%(a#n stan#n a"" throuh h#s s#tt#n.2 I

sa&: Stan#n up +or th% p%rson o+ (%r#t ho #s approa$h#n #s %s#ra!"%J

(an& aha#th ha*% !%%n r%"at% support#n #t1 h#"% th%r% #s not on%

soun %p"#$#t proh#!#t#on aa#nst #t.

. Anas sa# that non% as %ar%r to th%( than A""ah's M%ss%n%r1 an

th%& ou" not stan up h%n th%& sa h#( u% to th%#r 8no"%% that

h% #s"#8% #t. =#r(#h# ;Aa! , :F? ) sa# #t #s hasan sah#h ;+a#r an

soun).

NAAI'S COMMEN=A9: =h#s #s th% ha#th (ost r%a#"& $#t% as a proo+

aa#nst stan#n up. =h%r% ar% to ans%rs:

;>) =h% Proph%t +%ar% $on+us#on +or th%( an +or th%#r su$$%ssors

#n th%#r %a%rat#on #n (an#+n h#(1 as h% sa# #n anoth%r ha#th: 2Do

not pra#s% (% #n th% +ash#on that th% Chr#st#ans pra#s% 6Isa #!n Mar&a(2

;Bu8har# K: B8. K? An!#&a' an Ah(a >:@1). H% #s"#8% th%#r

stan#n +or h#( +or that r%ason. Ho%*%r1 h% # not #s"#8% th%#r stan#n

+or %a$h oth%r1 an h% %*%n stoo +or so(% o+ th%(1 an a"so th%& stoo

+or oth%rs #n h#s pr%s%n$% #thout h#s proh#!#t#n #t. ath%r h% appro*% #t1an h% or%r% #t #n th% ha#th o+ stan#n up +or Sa6 #!n Mu6ah... =h#s

#s a $"%ar ans%r #n h#$h non% #"" s%% ou!t %$%pt an #norant p%rson

or a stu!!orn on%.

;) =h%r% as !%t%%n th% Proph%t an h#s Co(pan#ons a p%r+%$t

stat% o+ "o*% an pur#t& h#$h o%s not su%r a#t#on throuh honor#n

!& stan#n up1 s#n$% th%r% as no purpos% !%#n a$h#%*% !& stan#n

up1 as oppos% to stan#n up +or so(%on% %"s%. On%'s $o(pan#on ho #s

n%ar th#s stat% has no n%% o+ stan#n up.


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IBN AL,HA55'S OB5EC=IONS: ;>) =h#s ans%r #s not $o(p"%t% %$%pt #+ #t #s

3rst $on$%% that th% Co(pan#ons ros% up +or no on%. I+ th%& ot up +or

h#( th%n1 #t ou" !% %a%rat#on. Ho%*%r1 Naa# ar(s that th%&

# th#s +or oth%r than h#(J ho th%n o%s h% %%( #t p%r(#ss#!"% +or th%(to o #th oth%r than th% Proph%t hat "%a*%s no prot%$t#on aa#nst

%a%rat#on1 h#"% th%& o not o #t #th h#( 0or #+ th%& o th#s to

honor so(%on%1 th%n th% Proph%t #s orth#%r o+ su$h honor1 as % 8no

+ro( th% sour$%,t%ts h#$h or%r us to honor h#( a!o*% %*%r&on% %"s%. It

s%%(s that th%#r r#s#n +or oth%r than h#( as th%r%+or% on"& +or a

n%$%ss#t& $aus% !& th%#r arr#*a"1 or to $onratu"at% th%(1 an so +orth1

not +or th% r%ason that #s !%#n u%st#on% #.%. not u% to r%sp%$t.

;) Naa#'s %p"anat#on $an !% r%*%rs% an #t $an !% sa# that

th% Co(pan#on hos% %*ot#on to th% Proph%t has not !%%n as$%rta#n%

an ho has not &%t r%a"#4% th% statur% o+ th% Proph%t #s %$us% +or not

stan#n up1 as oppos% to h#( hos% %*ot#on #s as$%rta#n% an hos%

stat#on #s r%at%r #n r%"at#on to th% Proph%t an h#s orth #s 8non: h%

ou" app"& h#(s%"+ ;to r%sp%$t h#()1 !%$aus% h% ou" !% $%rta#n that h%

%s%r*%s (or% p#%t& an honor an r%*%r%n$% than an& oth%r. But

Naa#'s san (a8%s #t n%$%ssar& that ho%*%r #s "#8%"#%r to sho

r%sp%$t to th% Proph%t an #s $"os%r #n stat#on to h#(1 shou" sho h#("%ss r%*%r%n$% than h% ho #s +ar +ro( h#(1 u% to #nt#(a$& an $o(p"%t%

a%$t#on. =h% r%a"#t& #s oth%r than that a$$or#n to th% auth%nt#$ r%ports1

as o$$urr% #n th% stor& o+ th% Proph%t's o*%rs#ht1 h%r%as h#"% A!u

Ba8r an 6U(ar %r% pr%s%nt a(on th% p%op"%1 th%& %r% too a+ra# to

sp%a8 to h#(1 Dhu a",9aa&n ;2H% o+ th% Lon Hans2,, p%rhaps a",


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%a%rat#on.2 hat I(a( Naa# sa# #s that th% Proph%t +%ar% "%st

th%#r r#s#n shou" "%a to %a%rat#on. =hat #s h& h% +or!a% #t to th%(1

+%ar#n %a%rat#on1 "%st th%& shou" +a"" #nto %$%ss an $on+us#on. 9%s1

h% #s orth#%r o+ !%#n honor% than an& oth%r1 %$%pt that h% +%ar% that

th%#r sho#n h#( th#s part#$u"ar (ar8 o+ honor (#ht "%a to%a%rat#on an that #s h& h% +or!a% #t to th%(.

;) #th th% s%$on o!7%$t#on I!n a",Ha77 has $ontra*%n% th%

un#*%rsa" $usto( o+ p%op"% #n th%#r $o(pan#onsh#p an th%#r "o*%. It #s

%3n#t%"& 8non that th% stron%r th% $o(pan#onsh#p an "o*% !%t%%n

to p%op"%1 th% (or% sup%ruous $%rta#n +or(a"#t#%s !%$o(% !%t%%n

th%(. =h#s #s $"%ar an n%%s no %pos#t#on. On th% $ontrar&1 #+

$o(pan#onsh#p #s %a8 an (utua" a$ua#ntan$% "#(#t%1 a hu(an !%#n#n that $as% n%%s to #n h#s $o(pan#on's "o*% an a%$t#on #th a"" 8#ns

o+ honor#3$ a$ts. =h#s #s !%$aus% o!ta#n#n a p%rson's "o*% an a%$t#on #s

uph%" !& th% trans(#tt% r%ports %a"#n #th #*#n honor. No h%n

"o*% r%a$h%s th% "%*%" h%r% #t #s no "on%r #n$r%as% !& honor#3$ a$ts1

th% "att%r ar% no "on%r n%$%ssar&.

As +or I!n a",Ha77's o!7%$t#on that 2Naa#'s san (a8%s #t

n%$%ssar& that ho%*%r #s "#8%"#%r to sho r%sp%$t to th% Proph%t an #s

$"os%r #n stat#on to h#(1 shou" sho h#( "%ss r%*%r%n$% than h% ho #s +ar

+ro( h#(1 u% to #nt#(a$& an $o(p"%t% a%$t#on2: #t #s an #n*a"#

n%$%ss#t&. =hat so(% +or(a"#t#%s !%$o(% sup%ruous !%t%%n +r#%ns an

"o*% on%s o%s not (%an that (utua" r%*%r%n$% an r%sp%$t !%$o(%

sup%ruous. =h#s #s $"%ar an n%%s no %pos#t#on. ath%r1 th% $ontrar& #s

tru%: !%$aus% th% "o*%r #s o+ a"" p%op"% th% (ost aar% o+ th% attr#!ut%s o+

h#s !%"o*%1 an h%n th% "att%r #s ra$% #th pra#s%orth&1 h#h

attr#!ut%s1 an p%op"% o$8 to #*% h#( prop%r r%sp%$t an r%*%r%n$%1 th%

"o*%r #s th% (ost #nt%ns% o+ a"" #n r%sp%$t an r%*%r%n$% u% to h#s a%

8no"%% o+ th% attr#!ut%s o+ th% !%"o*%.

As +or I!n a",Ha77's #n+%r%n$% +ro( th% ha#th o+ th% Proph%t's

o*%rs#ht1 #t o%s not #(pos% #ts%"+ u% to th% poss#!#"#t& that A!u Ba8r an

6U(ar's s#"%n$% (a& !% +or a r%ason oth%r than +%ar1 su$h as th%#r

8no"%% that h% #s"#8% u%st#on#n1 or th%#r 8no"%% that h% o%s

not s%t""% on a (#sta8% %$%pt A""ah $%rta#n"& #n+or(s h#( o+ #t1 or +or

anoth%r r%ason. Mor%o*%r1 I!n a",Ha77's #n+%r%n$% $ontra#$ts hat has

!%%n r%"at% $on$%rn#n h#s attr#!ut%s1 na(%"& that thos% ho %r% +ar+ro( h#( +%ar% h#(1 an that thos% ho r% n%ar h#(1 +r%u%nt% h#(1


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an sa h#s hu(!"%n%ss an th% no!#"#t& o+ h#s (ann%rs1 #((%#at%"&

%r% at %as% #th h#( an "o*% h#(. H%r% ar% so(% proo+s:

I!n Ma7ah narrat% ;:>>?> B8. F , at6#(a Ch. @?) +ro( I!nMas6u that a (an $a(% to sp%a8 to th% Proph%t an h% !%an to sha8%

#th +%ar. =h% Proph%t sa# to h#(: 2Put &ours%"+ at %as%1 +or I a( not a

8#n1 I a( th% son o+ a o(an ho at% sun,r#% (%at.2 =#r(#h# narrat%

;:FF , B8. ? (ana#! $h. ) +ro( 6A"# at th% %n o+ h#s %s$r#pt#on:

2ho%*%r sa h#( +ro( a+ar as a% !& h#(1 an ho%*%r (#% #th

h#( an r% to 8no h#(1 "o*% h#(.2 =h% r%ason +or th#s #s th% pr%s%n$%

#n th% Proph%t o+ th% attr#!ut%s o+ (a7%st& an san$t#t& %sp#t% r%at

hu(!"%n%ss !%+or% a"" ho sa h#(.

. A!u M#7"a4 sa#: Mu6a#&a %nt out to (%%t I!n a",Ru!a&r an I!n

6A(#r. =h% "att%r stoo up h#"% th% +or(%r r%(a#n% s%at%. Mu6a#&a

sa# to I!n 6A(#r: 2S#t1 +or I h%ar th% Proph%t sa&: 2ho%*%r "#8%s +or (%n

to stan up +or h#( "%t h#( ta8% h#s p"a$% #n th% 3r%.2 =#r(#h#'s *%rs#on

(%nt#ons I!n a",Ru!a&r an Sa+an1 an !oth %t up. A!u Dau narrat%

#t ;Aa! :@)1 a"so =#r(#h# ;Aa! :F? ) ho sa#: hasan ;+a#r) an

Ah(a ;:F1 >??).

NAAI'S COMMEN=A9: Most p%op"% #n #s+a*or o+ stan#n ar% +on o+

uot#n th#s ha#th. It #s ans%r% #n (an& a&s1 ;>) th% soun%st an

!%st ,, na&1 th% on% ans%r h#$h (a8%s a"" oth%rs sup%ruous #s that

th%r% #s no proo+ aa#nst stan#n up #n th#s ha#th. Its p"a#n1 outar

(%an#n #s th% %p"#$#t $on%(nat#on an harsh thr%at aa#nst an& (an

ho "#8%s p%op"% to %t up +or h#(. =h%r% #s n%#th%r proh#!#t#on nor oth%r

than proh#!#t#on $on$%rn#n stan#n #ts%"+1 an th%r% #s ar%%(%nt a!out

th#s... =h% ra*#t& o+ th% $on%(nat#on #s #n hat ta8%s p"a$% #ns#% th%

(#n o+ th% p%rson ho "#8%s p%op"% to stan +or h#(. I+ th%r% #s no su$h

th#n #n h#s (#n th%r% #s no !"a(% on h#( ,, a"" th#s h%th%r th%& %t up

or not... =h% proh#!#t#on r%*o"*%s aroun th% "o*% o+ au"at#on not th% a$t

o+ stan#n. =h%r%+or% th%r% #s no proo+ #n th#s ha#th aa#nst th%

p%r(#ss#!#"#t& o+ stan#n.

;) Anoth%r ans%r #s that th% ha#th #s (utar#! ;#sor%r% ,,

(an& #n$o(pat#!"% narrat#ons) a$$or#n to th% to #(a(s o+ ha#th A!u

Ba8r #!n A!# 6As#( an A!u Musa a",As!ahan#1 an th#s #s a n%$%ssar&


42/118

$aus% +or th% %a8n%ss o+ th% ha#th. Ho%*%r1 th#s ans%r #s op%n to

u%st#on s#n$% !oth =#r(#h# an A!u Dau ha*% ra% th% ha#th +a#r

;hasan) an ha*% spo8%n $on$%rn#n #t. Mor%o*%r1 th% #spar#t& o%s not

r%su"t #n a #sor%r o+ th% 8#n that (a8%s #t n%$%ssar#"& %a81 an A""ah

8nos !%st.

;@) =h% sans o+ th% #(a(s an "u(#nar#%s $on$%rn#n hos%

%(#n%n$% th%r% #s unan#(#t& a(on th% p%op"% o+ #nt%""%$t an

#s$%rn(%nt: A!u Nasr B#shr #!n a",Har#th a",Ha3 a",Rah#1 A!u Su"a&(an

Ha( #!n Muha((a #!n Su"a&(an a",) =h% to

I(a(s A!u Ba8r #!n A!# 6As#( an A!u Musa a",As!ahan# sa# that th#s #s

a %a8 ha#th h#$h $annot !% us% as a proo+. A!u Ba8r sa#: 2=h#s

ha#th $annot !% %sta!"#sh% an #ts su!,narrators ar% un8non.2 I sa&: to

th#s #s a% th% +a$t that #t #s 2(utar#!2 ;#sor%r% ,, s%% a!o*%)1 an #t

ou" su$% that on"& on% o+ th%s% to +a$tors %r% pr%s%nt to ra% #t

as %a81 "%t a"on% to.


43/118

;) =h% ha#th #n #ts%"+ #s $r&sta",$"%ar as to #ts #nt%nt as oppos% to

that o+ th% r%st: na(%"&1 #t purports to $on%(n thos% ho stan +or th%

purpos% o+ aran#4%(%nt. =hat #s h& h% sa#: 2Do not %t up #n th%

(ann%r o+ th% +or%#n%rs ho aran#4% %a$h oth%r.2 =h%r% #s no ou!t

as to hat #s !%#n $on%(n%. An A""ah 8nos !%st.

. 0ro( ;Na36) A!u Ba8ra: =h% Proph%t sa#: 2L%t no (an stan +ro( h#s

s%at +or anoth%r.2 A!u Musa a",As!ahan# narrat% #t #th h#s $ha#n. A",ha34

A!u a",-as#( I!n 6Asa8#r sa# #n h#s !oo8 a",Atra+ that A!u Dau

narrat% #n th% !oo8 o+ Aa! ;:). =h% $ha#n has A!u 6A! A""ah Ma"a

A" A!# Bura1 ho #s un8non. S%% a",=ar#! >.

NAAI'S COMMEN=A9: =h% ans%r to th#s #s th% sa(% to ans%rs as

th% pr%$%#n s%$t#on... =h%r% #s poss#!"& a th#r a& to ans%r #t

r%asona!"&. =h% (%an#n ou" !%: 2Do not %t up +ro( th% p"a$% o+

pra&%r1 o+ "#st%n#n to a s%r(on an to r%(%(!ran$% an 8no"%% %t

$%t%ra1 +or #t #s #s"#8% that on% shou" #*% up on%'s s%at #n su$h $as%s1

or "%a*% #t an ta8% anoth%r +arth%r aa& +ro( th% #(a(.

=h% sa(% #s tru% o+ a"" %stur%s that ar% s#(#"ar to th%s%1 an %$ons#%r th#s to (ust%r th% %n%ra" ar%%(%nt o+ s$ho"ars1 as oppos% to

#*#n up on%'s +oo an r#n8 an oth%r th#ns r%"at% to on%'s p%rsona"

"ot: to #*% thos% up #s a (ost %s#ra!"% th#n1 on% o+ th% (ar8s o+ th%

r#ht%ous an a(on th% (ann%rs o+ sa#nts an 8no%rs1 $on$%rn#n

h#$h th#s *%rs% as r%*%a"%: 2=h%& pr%+%r oth%rs a!o*% th%(s%"*%s

thouh po*%rt& !%$o(% th%#r "ot2 ;F:F).

=h% #%r%n$% !%t%%n th% to t&p%s o+ sa$r#3$% #s that th% r#ht1#n th% p%rson's n%arn%ss1 !%"ons to A""ah th% Ea"t%1 an to trans+%r #t #s

not p%r(#ss#!"%1 as oppos% to +oo an th% "#8% h%r% th% r#ht !%"ons

to th% p%rson1 a"thouh #n so(% $as%s #t !%"ons to A""ah %*%n th%n...

. Naa# a"so sa#:

a",Sha&8h A!u Muha((a to" us:


44/118

A!u =ah%r a",?) that h%n a",

Dhuh"# %nt to s%% I(a( Ah(a th% "att%r stoo up +or h#( an th%

p%op"% %r% astoun%. =h%n h% to" h#s son an h#s $o(pan#ons: 2Go to

A!u 6A! A""ah a",Dhuh"# an r#t% h#s narrat#ons.2

>>. Naa# a"so sa#: th% ha34 A!u Musa a",As!ahan# ;. >) r%$#t%:


45/118

#&a(# a a",6a4#4# #"a&8a haun

I s%ar !& th% A"",Po%r+u" that (& stan#n +or &ou ;O Proph%t) #s r#ht

an tru%

a tar8u a",ha# (a "a &asta#(u

an to "%a*% truth an r#ht #s to %(!ra$% %rror

+a ha" ahaun "ahu 6a"un a "u!!un a (a6r#+a

&ara8a +a "a &au(u

I as8: $an an&on% poss%ss% o+ a (#n an a h%art

an 8no"%%1 upon s%%#n &ou1 not stan up>

% ho"1 as I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an#1 Naa# an A!u Musa a",

As!ahan#1 that no on% poss%ss% o+ a h%art an (#n $an o!7%$t to

stan#n +or th% sa8% o+ th% Proph%t1 an that th#s #s %s#ra!"% an

r%$o((%n% not on"& #n th% t#(% o+ th% Proph%t !ut unt#" th% %n o+

t#(%. O!s%r*% that th% ha34 A!u Musa #% #n >1 (or% than 3*%

$%ntur#%s a+t%r th% t#(% o+ th% Proph%t1 an &%t stans +or h#( #n th%

pr%s%nt t%ns% an (%nt#ons 2s%%#n h#(2: th#s s%%#n o+ th% Proph%t !&

th% p#ous !%"#%*%rs !oth #n a s"%%p#n an a a8%+u" stat% #s an att%st%

+a$t #n th% Shar#6a h#$h has !%%n (%nt#on% !& th% s$ho"ars1 a(on

th%( a",Ha&ta(# #n h#s 0ataa ha#th#&&a:

H% as as8%: 2Is #t poss#!"% to (%%t th% Proph%t h#"% aa8% #n our

t#(%2

H% r%p"#%: 29%s1 #t #s poss#!"%. It has !%%n ass%rt% as part o+ th% (#ra$"%s

o+ sa#nts ;8ara(at a",a"#&a') !& Gha4a"#1 a",Bar#4#1 a",=a7 a",Su!8#1 an a",

9a36# a(on th% Sha36#s1 an !& a",-urtu!# an I!n A!# 5a(ra a(on th%


46/118

Ma"#8#s. It has !%%n narrat% that on% o+ th% a"#&a' as s#tt#n #n th%

ass%(!"& o+ a 7ur#st ;+a#h) h#"% th% "att%r r%"at% a ha#th1 h%r%upon

th% a"# sa#: 2=h#s ha#th #s +a"s%.2 =h% 7ur#st sa#: 2Ho o &ou 8no

that2 =h% a"# r%p"#%: 2=h%r% #s th% Proph%t stan#n r#ht n%t to &ou1

an h% #s san: 2I n%*%r sa# th#s.2 h%n h% sa# th#s th% s#ht o+ th%+a#h as un*%#"% an h% $ou" s%% th% Proph%t.2>@

=h% a!o*% 8#n o+ t%st#(on& $onst#tut%s %*#%n$% that th% Proph%t

h%ars an s%%s us1 as has !%%n stat% !& th% ha#ths to th% %%$t that h%

s%%s our a$t#ons an h%ars our r%%t#ns an !"%ss#ns1 an that h%

#nt%r$%%s +or us as % (%nt#on !%"o1 #n th% s%$t#on on R#&ara. 0o""o#n

% pr%s%nt +urth%r soun %*#%n$% that th% Proph%t #s a"#*% #n h#s ra*%

an % $on$"u% !& as8#n: I+ #t #s (%r#tor#ous to stan as a (ar8 o+r%sp%$t +or oth%rs #n r%"##on1 an #+ th% Proph%t #s a"#*% an h%ars us1 an

#+ h% h#(s%"+ or%r% th% Co(pan#ons to stan +or th%#r sa& th%n hat

!%tt%r sa& to stan +or than th% Proph%t h#(s%"+1 an hat oth%r a$t o+

stan#n $an poss#!"& $o(p%t% #th th#s on% #n (%r#t an %$%""%n$%

T 2A""ah has %+%n% th% %arth +ro( $onsu(#n th% !o#%s o+

Proph%ts2.

A soun ;sah#h) tra#t#on r%"at% on th% author#t& o+ As #!n As a",=haa3

!&: Ah(a #n h#s Musna1 I!n A!# Sha&!a #n th% Musanna+1 A!u Dau #n

th% Sunan1 N#sa'# #n h#s Sunan1 I!n Ma7ah #n h#s Sunan1 Dar#(# #n h#s

Musna1 I!n


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A soun ;sah#h) tra#t#on r%"at% on th% author#t& o+ Anas #!n Ma"#8 !&: a",

Ba44ar #n h#s Musna1 A!u 9a6"a #n h#s Musna1 I!n 6A# #n a",>)1 Su&ut# #n An!a' a",ah8#&a' !#,ha&at a",an!#&a' ;)1 an a",A"!an#1 #n S#"s#"at a",aha#th a",sah#ha

;K>). Su&ut# as: 2=h% "#+% o+ th% Proph%t #n h#s ra*%1 an a"so that

o+ th% r%st o+ th% proph%ts #s 8non to us as %3n#t#*% 8no"%% ;6#"(an

at6#&&an).2

T 2;=h% n#ht I as %nraptur% to (& Lor) I sa Musa stan#n #n

pra&%r #n h#s ra*%2.

A soun ;sah#h) tra#t#on r%"at% on th% author#t& o+ Anas an oth%rs !&

Mus"#(1 Nasa'#1 Ba&ha# #n th% Da"a'#" a",nu!ua an th% Ha&at a",

an!#&a'1 an oth%rs. So(% (%nt#on th% !%#nn#n ;#n par%nth%s%s)1 h#"%

oth%rs o(#t #t. Naa# sa# #n h#s %p"anat#on o+ th#s ha#th: 2=h% or8 o+

th% n%t or" #s a"" h#8r an u6a2 ;Sharh Sah#h Mus"#( >/@/K).

T 2No on% r%%ts (% %$%pt A""ah has r%turn% (& sou" to (% so that

I $an r%turn h#s sa"a(2.

A!u Hura&ra #n A!u Dau ;Manas#8 ?@F) #th a soun $ha#nJ I!n

6Asa8#r1 Mu8htasar =ar#8h D#(ash :?J Ah(a1 Musna :J A!u

Nu6a&(1 A8h!ar As!ahan :@@J I!n a",Na77ar1 A8h!ar a",Ma#na p. >JBa&ha#1 Shu6a! a",#(an >K>J Ha&tha(#1 Ma7(a6 a",4aa'# >?:>KJ I!n


48/118

A not% a!out th% trans"at#on o+ 2has r%turn%2: Su&ut# #n An!a' a",ah8#&a'

!# ha&at a",an!#&a' an Ha&ta(# #n a",5ahar a",(una44a( sa# that raa

(%ans 6a"a a",aa(1 #.%. p%r(an%nt"&1 an not t%(porar#"&: #n oth%r

ors1 A""ah o%s not r%turn th% sou" an ta8% #t !a$81 th%n r%turn #t aa#n

an th%n ta8% #t !a$8 aa#n1 !ut H% r%turn% #t to th% Proph%tp%r(an%nt"&1 an th% Proph%t #s a"#*% p%r(an%nt"&.

Sa8ha#1 I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an#'s stu%nt1 sa#: 2As +or us ;Mus"#(s o+ Ah"

a",Sunna) % !%"#%*% an % $on3r( that h% #s a"#*% an pro*#% +or #n

h#s ra*%2 ;a",-a" a",!a#6 p. >K>). I!n a",-a&( sa# #n >@) #th u!"#htuhu #n th% %n.

T 2ho%*%r *#s#ts (& ra*%1 (& #nt%r$%ss#on !%$o(%s uarant%% +or

h#(.2


49/118

Narrat% !& a",Darautn#1 a",Du"a!#1 a",Ba&ha#1 :@J

, Sa8ha# sa&s o+ h#( sa"#h a",ha#th o+ soun narrat#ons #n a",=uh+a a",

"at#+a @:@KKJ

, I!n Ma6#n sa# to Dar#(# a!out h#(: sa"#h th#a soun an r%"#a!"% #n a",

K?):

=h% %(phas#s an %n$oura%(%nt on *#s#t#n h#s no!"% ra*% #s

(%nt#on% #n nu(%rous ha#ths1 an #t ou" su$% to sho th#s #+ th%r%

as on"& th% ha#th h%r%!& th% truth+u" an Go,$on3r(% Proph%t

pro(#s%s that h#s #nt%r$%ss#on a(on oth%r th#ns !%$o(%s o!"#ator& +or

ho%*%r *#s#ts h#(1 an th% I(a(s ar% #n $o(p"%t% ar%%(%nt +ro( th%


50/118

t#(% #r%$t"& a+t%r h#s pass#n unt#" our on t#(% that th#s #s a(on th%

!%st a$ts o+ ra#n n%ar to A""ah.

DOES S=ANDING HILE INVO) h%r%!& Sa"(an a",0ar#s# sa#: 2=h% sou"s o+ th% !%"#%*%rs ar%

#n an #sth(us o+ "an +ro( h%r% th%& o h%r%*%r th%& #sh12 an I(a(Ma"#8 sa#: 2I ha*% h%ar ;!a"ahan#) that th% sou" #s s%t +r%% an o%s

h%r%*%r #t #sh%s.2

Stan#n or an$#n out o+ 7o& +or th% Proph%t1 or +or hat #s

$onn%$t% to h#( or pro$%%s +ro( h#(1 has $"%ar proo+s #n th% Sunna.

A(on th%(:


51/118

T =h% Eth#op#ans put on a an$#n #sp"a& #th sp%ars out o+ 7o&

;+arahan) h%n h% $a(% to Ma#na. A!u Dau narrat% #t #th a oo

$ha#n #n th% !oo8 o+ Aa! #n h#s Sunan +ro( Anas.

T =h%& p"a&% aa#n #n th% Proph%t's Mosu% on th% a& o+ 6E# a",0#tr1

h%r%upon th%& an$% h#"% th% Proph%t an h#s #+% "oo8% on1 an th%

Proph%t %n$oura% th%( #th th% ors una8u( &a !an# ar+aa1 25u(p

to #t1 O sons o+ Ar+aa2 thus #n#$at#n that hat th%& %r% o#n as

har("%ss an p%r(#ss#!"%. Mus"#( narrat% #t #n th% !oo8 o+ Sa"at a",6#a&n

#n h#s Sah#h +ro( 6A'#sha.

T S#(#"ar"&1 th%& ou" !an th% ru(1 s#n1 an p"a& #n +ront o+ h#(on th% a& o+ 6E#. Ah(a an I!n Ma7ah narrat% #t +ro( -a&s #!n Sa6

#!n 6U!aa.

A"" th#s as not +or an& oth%r r%ason than 7o& at !%#n aroun th% Proph%t1

as $on3r(% !& th% a$t o+ th% o(%n o+ th% Banu Na77ar h%n th%

Proph%t $a(% to Ma#na:

T Anas narrat%s that h%n th% proph%t 3rst $a(% to Ma#na th% Ansar

$a(% out1 (%n an o(%n1 an th%& %r% a"" san: 2#th us1 O

(%ss%n%r o+ A""ah2 #.%. $o(% sta& #th us. =h% Proph%t sa#: 2L%t th%

$a(%" $hoos%1 +or sh% has h%r or%rs.2 =h% $a(%" a"#ht% at th% oor o+

A!u A&&u!. Anas $ont#nu%: ;A+t%r h% %nt #n) th% o(%n o+ Banu a",

Na77ar $a(% out !an#n th%#r ru(s an s#n#n:

Nahnu 7aar (#n !an# a",na77ar

&a ha!!aha (uha((a#n (#n 7ar

% ar% th% #r"s o+ th% Sons o+ Na77ar

O %"#ht o+ Muha((a +or a n%#h!or

=h% Proph%t $a(% out an sa#: 2Do &ou "o*% (%2 ;atuh#!!un#) =h%&r%p"#%:


52/118

E& a""ah 9a asu"a""ah

9%a1 !& A""ah1 O M%ss%n%r o+ A""ah

At th#s h% sa#:

a ana uh#!!u8u(

a ana uh#!!u8u(

a ana uh#!!u8u(

An I "o*% &ou.

An #n anoth%r *%rs#on h% sa#:

A""ahu &a6"a(u anna a"!# &uh#!!u8unna

or

A""ahu &a6"a(u ann# "a uh#!!u8unna

#.%.

A""ah 8nos that (& h%art "o*%s &ou /

that #n truth I "o*% &ou.

It #s narrat% !& Ba&ha# #th to $ha#ns #n Da"a'#" a",nu!ua ;:?)1

I!n FF,??)1 an Su&ut# #n a",


53/118

a",ta6r# 3 h#8ra a",(a"# a",shar#+ ;p. ,) sa# that a",Ha8#(

o$u(%nts #t1 A!u Sa6 a",N#sa!ur# (%nt#ons #t #n h#s Shara+ a",(usta+a1

an I!n Ma7ah narrat%s #t #n h#s Sunan1 !oo8 o+ N#8ah ;>F).

T S%*%ra" +%(a"% Co(pan#ons $a(% up to th% Proph%t a+t%r h% $a(%

!a$8 +ro( h#s $a(pa#ns an sa# that th%& ha *o% to !an th% ru(

!%+or% h#( #+ h% $a(% !a$8 sa+% an soun1 an th% Proph%t a""o%

th%(. =h#s #s narrat% !& =#r(#h# +ro( Bura&a an h% sa#: hasan sah#h

har#!1 a"so A!u Dau1 an %"s%h%r%.

T 6A"# sa#: I *#s#t% th% Proph%t #th 5a6+ar ;#!n A!# =a"#!) an Ra&

;#!n Har#tha). =h% Proph%t sa# to Ra&: 29ou ar% (& +r%%(an2 ;anta(a"a&)1 h%r%upon Ra& !%an to hop on on% "% aroun th% proph%t

;ha7a"a). =h% Proph%t th%n sa# to 5a6+ar: 29ou r%s%(!"% (% #n (& $r%at#on

an (& (ann%rs2 ;anta ash!ahta 8ha"# a 8hu"u#)1 h%r%upon 5a6+ar

!%an to hop !%h#n Ra&. =h% Proph%t th%n sa# to (%: 29ou ar% part o+

(% an I a( part o+ &ou2 ;anta (#nn# a ana (#n8a) h%r%upon I !%an

to hop !%h#n 5a6+ar. I(a( Ah(a r%"at% #t #n h#s Musna ;>:>?) an

Ah(a Muha((a Sha8#r %$"ar% #t soun ;sah#h) #n h#s #&ah1 >FF

%#t#onJ #t #s r%"at% a"so !& 6Ua&"#1 A!u Nu6a&( +ro( 5a!#r1 an I!n Sa6

#n h#s =a!aat #th a soun $ha#n to Muha((a a",Ba#r.

=h%r% #s no ou!t that su$h s#n#n1 an$#n1 r%$#t#n o+ po%tr&1

an !an#n th% ru( as +or 7o& at !%#n #th th% Proph%t1 nor # h%

$on%(n or +ron upon su$h #sp"a&s #n an& a& hatso%*%r. =h%s% ar%

$o((on #sp"a&s o+ happ#n%ss an "a+u" (%rr#(%nt1 an s#(#"ar"& to

stan up at th% (%nt#on o+ th% Proph%t's !#rth #s an or#nar& a$t that

shos "o*% an "an%ss s&(!o"#4#n th% 7o& o+ $r%at#on: #t o%s not

$onst#tut% orsh#p1 nor "a1 nor Sunna =hat #s h& th% sa*ant a",Bar4an7#

sa# #n h#s +a(ous po%( o+ Ma"#:

a a sanna ah" a",6#"(# a a",+a"# a a",tua

#&a(an 6a"a a",aa(# (a6a husn# #(6an#

!# tash8h#s# hat# a",(usta+a a hua ha#run

!# a& (aa(#n 3h# &uh8aru !a" an#


54/118

It #s th% usa% o+ th% %$%""%nt p%op"% o+ 8no"%% an p#%t&

=o stan on th%#r +%%t #n th% !%st %(%anor

A$t#n as #+ th% Proph%t %r% a$tua""& pr%s%nt

E*%r& t#(% th%& (%nt#on h#(1 an *#sua"#4#n h#( $o(#n to th%(.

O!s%r*% that h% spo8% %"" h%n h% sa#: a$t#n as #+ h% %r%

pr%s%nt an *#sua"#4#n h#(1 that #s: stron"& $a""#n to (#n h#s ra$#ous

+or( an ua"#t#%s so as to #n$r%as% an p%r+%$t th% (ot#ons o+ th%#r

h%arts an !o#%s toars r%sp%$t#n an "o*#n h#(1 as th% narrat#ons

sho. =h#s #s a %"#$at% (att%r +ro( h#$h ar% shut out thos% #n hos%h%arts A""ah # not p"a$% (%r$&. An A""ah 8nos !%st.

CONCENING =HE OB5EC=IONS O0 SOME =O USING =HE PHASE: AS,

SALAMU 6ALA9


55/118

an an& su$h phras%s at a"" t#(%s an p"a$%s1 !ut (ost %sp%$#a""& #n

ath%r#ns o+ h#8r h%r% su$h phras%s #n$r%as% th% "o*% o+ th% Proph%t #n

th% h%art #n unto" a(ounts1 an % ar% o!"#% to "o*% h#( (or% than

our $h#"r%n1 par%nts1 an "#+% #ts%"+. =h% s$ho"ars o+ Manas#8 ;r#t%s o+

P#"r#(a%) r%$o((%n th%s% phras%s1 (or%o*%r1 h%n *#s#t#n th%Proph%t #n Ma#na. It #s %sta!"#sh% that 6A!u""ah #!n 6U(ar ou" sa&:

as,sa"a(u 6a"a&8a 9a asu"a""ah upon %a$h o+ h#s *#s#ts to th% Proph%t1 an

a s#(#"ar phras% #th A!u Ba8r an #th h#s +ath%r. =hos% ho o!7%$t to

us#n 29A2 #th th% Proph%t ar% #n7ur#n th%(s%"*%s an oth%rs !& +a""#n

#nto *ar#ous traps o+ #n$ons#st%n$& an #nno*at#on u% to th% +o""o#n

r%asons:

>. Appar%nt"& th%& on't (a8% sa"at1 or th%& on't sa& tashahhu #nsa"at an th#s r%n%rs th%#r sa"at #n*a"# #+ th#s #s th% $as%. 0or

#n %*%r& sa"at1 at "%ast t%n t#(%s a a&1 % sa&1 #n tashahhu:

as,sa"a(u 6a"a&8a a&&uha a",na!# a rah(atu""ah a !ara8atuh

an th% phras% a&&uha a",na!# #s th% sa(% as &a na!#.

. A""ah or%rs us not to $a"" upon th% Proph%t #n th% sa(% a& as % $a""

upon %a$h oth%r:

"a ta76a"u u6a'a a",rasu"# !a&na8u( 8a u6a'# !a6#8u( !a6an

2Ma8% not th% $a""#n o+ th% M%ss%n%r a(on &ou

as &our $a""#n on% o+ anoth%r2 ;:K@)

=h#s #s a proo+ that H% # not proh#!#t us +ro( $a""#n upon h#(1 +or an

a!so"ut% proh#!#t#on n%%s not !% ua"#3% +urth%r. A""ah H#(s%"+ shos us

th% %t#u%tt% o+ ar%ss#n th% Proph%t !& $a""#n h#( H#(s%"+ 29a a&&uha

a",na!#2 ,, O Proph%t ,, an r%+%rr#n to h#( as 2=h% M%ss%n%r2 #n th%-ur'an1 h%r%as H% $a""s oth%r Proph%ts !& na(%: 9a I!rah#(1 9a 9ah&a1 9a


56/118

Musa1 9a 6Isa1 %t$. =h% 6u"a(a ha*% %p"a#n% that A""ah %sta!"#sh% !&

th#s an honor#3$ #%r%n$% !%t%%n th% S%a" o+ Proph%ts an thos% that

pr%$%% h#(1 !"%ss#ns an p%a$% o+ A""ah upon h#( an upon a"" o+

th%(.> =h%& ha*% a"so sa# that #t #s th% r%ason h& % shou" pr%+%r

to sa&: 9a asu"a""ah o*%r san 9a Muha((a.

@. As (%nt#on% #n th% s%$t#on on =aassu"1 th% Proph%t tauht a !"#n

(an to (a8% a u6a #n h#$h h% has to sa&: 29a Muha((a2. =h#s #s a

%"",8non auth%nt#$ ha#th an no on% $an r%+ut% #t %$%pt thos% ho

ha*% no 8no"%% o+ th% %"##on. =h#s #s th% #n*o$at#on:

2O A""ah1 I a( as8#n &ou an turn#n to &ou !& (%ans o+ &our

Proph%t Muha((a1 th% Proph%t o+ (%r$&J O Muha((a1 I a(

turn#n #th &ou to (& Lor r%ar#n (& pr%s%nt n%% so that H%

#"" +u"3"" #tJ O A""ah1 a""o h#( to #nt%r$%% ;#th 9ou) +or (%2>

=h% ors 2O Muha((a2 ar% (#ss#n +ro( th% *%rs#on #n =#r(#h#.>K It

#s a ra((at#$a""& +au"t& o(#ss#on !%$aus% #thout th% *o$at#*% 2O

Muha((a12 th% s%ns% o+ th% #r%$t ar%ss $ont#nu%s to !% 2O A""ah12

h#$h (a8%s no s%ns% s#n$% #n th% "att%r part h% #s san: 2I a( turn#n

#th &ou to (& Lor12 h#$h $"%ar"& o%s not (%an 2O A""ah1 I a( turn#n

#th 9ou to (& Lor.2

=HE AHHABIS' =AMPEING O0 =HE MUA5AHA AL,SHAI0A ;GA=E =O =HE

POPHE='S NOBLE GAVE)

In th#s $onn%$t#on Mus"#(s shou" ta8% not% o+ th% +o""o#n h%#nous a$t

on th% #ssu% o+ 29a Muha((a12 !%$aus% #t #s %sta!"#sh% #thout ou!t

as on% o+ th% r%at ahha!# ta(p%r#ns o+ our t#(%. I+ on% "oo8s at an o"

p#$tur% o+ th% o"%n at% at th% %ntran$% o+ th% Proph%t's ra*%1 on% #""

s%%1 at th% top o+ %a$h oor1 #nt%rt#n%1 th% #n*o$at#ons #n Ara!#$

$a""#raph&:


57/118

9A ALLAH

9A MUHAMMAD

I+ on% "oo8s no at th% top o+ %a$h oor1 on% #"" not#$% that th% Ara!#$

"%tt%r 9 ;Ar. &a') #n th% #n#t#a" pos#t#on #n th% or 9A #n 29a Muha((a2

has !%%n "opp% o1 !ut th% A ;Ar. a"#+) as %"" as th% !otto( to ots o+

th% 9 ha*% !%%n "%+t #n p"a$%1 so that no on% #"" r%a:

9A ALLAH

A MUHAMMAD

% ha*% pu!"#sh% a p#$tur% o+ th% o" at%1 !%+or% th% ahha!#s %+a$%

#t1 on th% +ront $o*%r o+ our !oo8 Is"a(#$ B%"#%+s an Do$tr#n% A$$or#n to

Ah" a",Sunna: A %pu#at#on o+ 2Sa"a32 Inno*at#ons1 Part I. It #s a h#h,

ua"#t&1 $"%ar $o"or p#$tur% h#$h % hop% $an !% s%%n an un%rstoo !&

a"" Mus"#(s.

. =h% a!o*% #n*o$at#on as a"so us% a+t%r th% Proph%t's

"#+%t#(%1 as #s pro*%n !& th% soun ;sah#h) ha#th auth%nt#$at%

!& Ba&ha#1 A!u Nu6a&( #n th% Ma6r#+a1 Munh#r# ;=arh#!

>:@,)1 Ha&tha(#1 an =a!aran# #n th% ,>) an

th% Sah#r ;>:>/?>,?) on th% author#t& o+ 6Uth(an #!n

Huna&+'s n%ph% A!u I(a(a #!n Sah" #!n Huna&+: A (an ou" $o(% to

6Uth(an #!n 6Aan +or a $%rta#n n%%1 !ut th% "att%r ou" not pa& h#(

an& att%nt#on nor "oo8 #nto h#s n%%1 upon h#$h h% $o(p"a#n% o+ h#s

$on#t#on to 6Uth(an #!n Huna&+ ho to" h#(:

2Go an (a8% a!"ut#on1 th%n o to th% (osu% an pra& to ra86at1 th%n

sa& ;th#s u6a)12 an h% (%nt#on% th% #n*o$at#on o+ th% !"#n (an1 2th%n

o ;to 6Uth(an aa#n).2


58/118

=h% (an %nt1 # as h% as to"1 th%n $a(% to 6Uth(an's oor1

upon h#$h th% oor,att%nant $a(%1 too8 h#( !& th% han1 an

!rouht h#( to 6Uth(an ho sat h#( #th h#( on top o+ th% $arp%t1 an

sa#: 2=%"" (% hat &our n%% #s.2 A+t%r th#s th% (an %nt

out1 (%t 6Uth(an #!n Huna&+ aa#n1 an sa# to h#(: 2Ma& A""ah

r%ar &ou Pr%*#ous"& h% ou" not "oo8 #nto (& n%% nor pa& an&

att%nt#on to (%1 unt#" &ou spo8% to h#(.2 H% r%p"#%: 2I # not sp%a8 to

h#(1 !ut I sa th% Proph%t h%n a !"#n (an $a(% to

h#( $o(p"a#n#n o+ h#s +a#"#n %&%s#ht12 an h% (%nt#on% to h#(

th% su!stan$% o+ th% pr%*#ous narrat#on.

. 0#na""&1 29a Muha((a2 #s th% sp%%$h o+ Sana 6Isa to

th% Proph%t a+t%r 6Isa's %s$%nt1 a$$or#n to an auth%nt#$

ha#th on th% author#t& o+ A!u Hura&ra:

I h%ar th% Proph%t sa&: 2B& th% on% #n hos% han #s A!u a",-as#('s sou"1

6Isa #!n Mar&a( sha"" %s$%n as a 7ust an #s% ru"%r. H% sha"" %stro&

th% $ross1 s"a& th% s#n%1 %ra#$at% #s$or an ru%s1 an (on%& sha""

!% o%r% to h#( !ut h% #"" not a$$%pt #t. =h%n h% sha"" stan at (&

ra*% s#% an sa&: 9a Muha((a an I #"" ans%r h#(.2

A!u 9a6"a r%"at%s #t #th a soun ;sah#h) $ha#n #n h#s Musna

;Dar a",Ma'(un %. >?/>F) >>:KJ I!n Ha7ar a",6Asa"an# $#t%s #t #n a",

Mata"#! a",6a"#&a ;@F@/>F@) :@1 $hapt%r %nt#t"%: 2Con$%rn#nth% Proph%t's "#+% #n h#s ra*%2 an . Ha&tha(# sa&s #n Ma7(a6 a",

4aa'# ;:)1 Chapt%r %nt#t"%: 26Isa #!n Mar&a('s D%s$%nt2: 2Its su!,

narrators ar% th% (%n o+ soun ;sah#h) ha#th.2

K. It #s not n%$%ssar& +or th% p%rson r%%t#n th% Proph%t to !% stan#n at

th% Proph%t's ra*%s#%1 s#n$% th% Proph%t a"so sa#:


59/118

2ho%*%r #n*o8%s !"%ss#ns on (% at (& ra*%1 I h%ar h#(1 an ho%*%r

#n*o8%s !"%ss#ns on (% +ro( a+ar1 I a( #n+or(% a!out #t.2

A!u a",Sha&8h $#t%s #t #n >@) #th u!"#htuhu #n th% %n.

. =hus th% +o""o#n r%port o+ I!n A!# 0ua&81 on% o+ th% %ar"& s$ho"ars o+

Ma#na an on% o+ Sha36#'s sha&8hs1 app"#%s not on"& to th% Proph%t's

*#s#tor #n Ma#na1 !ut to %*%r& p%rson ho #n*o8%s !"%ss#ns on th%

Proph%t +ro( a+ar #th th% ors 9a Muha((a as #+ h% %r% stan#n #n+ront o+ th% Proph%t: 2I h%ar on% o+ th% author#t#%s ho( I ha*% (%t sa&:

2It has r%a$h% us that ho%*%r stans at th% Proph%t's ra*% an r%$#t%s:

2A""ah an H#s an%"s s%n !"%ss#ns on th% Proph%t...2 ;@@:K) an th%n

sa&s: 2Ma& A""ah !"%ss &ou1 O Muha((a2 ;sa""a""ahu 6a"a&8a &a

Muha((a) s%*%nt& t#(%s1 an an%" #"" $a"" h#( san: Ma& A""ah !"%ss

&ou1 O So,an,soJ non% o+ &our n%%s #"" !% "%+t un+u"3""%.22 I!n 5a(a6a

r%"at% #t #n H#a&at a",sa"#8 @:>@,>@@1 I!n a",5a4# #n Muth#r a",hara(

p. 1 -a# 6I&a #n a",Sh#+a'1 an Ba&ha# #n Shu6a! a",#(an ;>KF).

. Bu8har# #n h#s Aa! a",(u+ra1 Naa# #n h#s Ah8ar1 an Sha8an# #n

=uh+at a",ha8#r#n a"" r%"at% th% narrat#ons o+ I!n 6U(ar an I!n 6A!!as

h%r%!& th%& ou" $a"" out 9a Muha((a h%n%*%r th%& ha a $ra(p #n

th%#r "% ;Chapt%rs %nt#t"%: 2hat on% sa&s #+ h% +%%"s a $ra(p #n h#s

"%2). %ar"%ss o+ th% ra% o+ auth%nt#$#t& o+ th%s% narrat#ons1 #t #s

s#n#3$ant that Bu8har#1 Naa#1 an Sha8an# n%*%r ra#s% su$h a

#stur!#n not#on as to sa& that $a""#n out 2O Muha((a2 a(ount% to

sh#r8.>

In $on$"us#on1 % a*#s% th% !%"o*% !roth%rs an

s#st%rs ho (%%t o!7%$t#ons to san 29a asu"a""ah2

to stan 3r( #n th% 8no"%% that th%#r a$t #s

roun% #n th% Shar#6a an that #t #s th% o!7%$tors

ho ar% #n th% ron. I+ th% o!7%$tors sho %n(#t&1


60/118

su$h as us#n "a!%"s o+ 2sh#r82 an so +orth #n th%

(ann%r o+ 2Sa"a3s2 an ahha!#s1 at that t#(% st%%r

$"%ar o+ th%( !%$aus% A""ah has s%a"% th%#r h%arts

an th%& #"" %*%n r%7%$t th% %*#%n$% o+ -ur'an an

ha#th throuh pr#% #n th%#r h%arts. It #s !%tt%r to

%(#rat% +ro( th%( an prot%$t on%'s r%"##on unt#" th%&

r%p%nt1 rath%r than to a$$o((oat% th%#r #s%as% an

"os% %*%n on% #ota o+ a (%r#tor#ous a$t1 an A""ah 8nos

!%st.

CONCLUSION: ONE MA9 NO= OB5EC= =O MALID

O P%op"% o+ Is"a(1 O Nat#on o+ th% Proph%t1 $%"%!rat% &our Proph%t #th

pr#% an 7o&1 an o not o #nto #sput% a!out (att%rs that $r%at% 3tna

an $on+us#on. Do not pr%*%nt oth%rs +ro( $%"%!rat#n1 "%a*% %*%r&on% toth%#r h%art1 an "%t us un#+& ours%"*%s !& 8%%p#n A""ah's or%r #n th% Ho"&

-ur'an to 2Ho" +ast to%th%r to th% rop% o+ A""ah an o not s%parat%.2

An "%t us pra& +or h%a*%n"& support aa#nst th% %n%(#%s o+ Is"a( #n th%

or". =hat #s !%tt%r than o#n #nto #sput%s an aru(%nts.

% %n$oura% %*%r& Mus"#( ho has u%st#ons a!out th#s top#$

not to !% #nt#(#at% !& ass%rt#ons su$h as: 2Ma"# #s "#8% Chr#st(as2 !ut

to #n+or( th%(s%"*%s o+ th% *#%s o+ th% author#t#%s #n th% 0our S$hoo"san to 8no that %*%n I!n =a&(#&&a1 ho rot% aa#nst th% Ma"#1

a(#tt% that #t (a& !% oo to $%"%!rat% Ma"# an a*% as h#s

pr%$%%nt +or th#s $on$%ss#on th% +a$t that I(a( Ah(a a$$%pt% that a

$%rta#n (an sp%nt a "ar% su( o+ (on%& %$orat#n a $op& o+ th%

Documents

Mawlid Proof Booklet Sunnah.org