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Matter
Pure Substances Mixtures
Elements Compounds Heterogenous Homogenous
Mixture:Mixture: Two or more substances that:
1) Are not chemically combined with each other
2) Can be separated by physical means (ex. filtration).
Substances in a mixture keep their individual properties.
Two Categories of Mixtures:Two Categories of Mixtures:
1) Heterogeneous Mixture – the substances of the mixture have visible differences and are not transparent.
Examples: orange juice with pulp, fruit salad, salsa
*** hetero = different ****** hetero = different ***
Two Categories of Mixtures cont’dTwo Categories of Mixtures cont’d::
2) Homogeneous Mixture – the substances have no visible differences and are not
transparent.
Examples: tap water, salt water, air, orange juice without pulp, and skim milk.
*** homo = the same or similar ****** homo = the same or similar ***
Is it a Heterogeneous or Homogeneous Is it a Heterogeneous or Homogeneous Mixture?Mixture?
To determine if a mixture is a homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture we look to see if there are visible differences in the mixture.
Heterogeneous (different) = Visible differences
Homogeneous (same) = No Visible differences
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture?
1) water
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air (homogeneous)
3) vegetable soup
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air (homogeneous)
3) vegetable soup (heterogeneous)
4) coffee (with & without milk)
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air (homogeneous)
3) vegetable soup (heterogeneous)
4) coffee (with & without milk) (homogeneous)
5) beach sand
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air (homogeneous)
3) vegetable soup (heterogeneous)
4) coffee (with & without milk) (homogeneous)
5) beach sand (heterogeneous)
6) salsa
Would the following be considered a heterogeneous or homogeneous solution?
1) water (homogeneous)
2) air (homogeneous)
3) vegetable soup (heterogeneous)
4) coffee (with & without milk) (homogeneous)
5) beach sand (heterogeneous)
6) salsa (heterogeneous)
Solutions:Solutions:- Special kind of mixtures where one substance dissolves in another.
- - Solutions are very well mixed so they look the same throughout the mixture.
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture
• It is the best mixed of all mixtures.
• A solution has a substance that is dissolved (solute) and a substance that does the dissolving (solvent).
Solutions cont’d:Solutions cont’d:
EExamplexample of a Mixture and a Solution of a Mixture and a Solution
A MixtureA Mixture
Sand in Water - Sand sinks to the bottom of a bowl. The liquid does not look the same everywhere.
A Solution A Solution (a special type of mixture)(a special type of mixture)
Sugar in Water - Sugar dissolves and spreads throughout the glass of water. The liquid looks the same everywhere
Solute: the substance being dissolved.
Solvent: the substance that does the dissolving. It usually makes up most of the solution.
Solution: solute + solvent
SoluteSolute SolutionSolutionSolventSolvent