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Panama, 20-23 June 2016
ANIMAL WELFARE FOR IMPROVED SUSTAINABILITY IN LIVESTOCK SUPPLY CHAINS
Mateus Paranhos da CostaDepartamento de Zootecnia, FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, [email protected]
Practical exampleDEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS OF BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION IN THE AMAZON REGION: CHALLENGES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Challenging situation for beef cattle producers: Extensive beef cattle production and Amazon deforestation
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Cattle production in Amazon: Environmental and welfare challenges
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Folh
ad
e Sã
o P
aulo
, Ju
ne
13
th, 2
00
9Folha de São Paulo, June 21st, 2009
Folh
ad
e Sã
o P
aulo
, Ju
ne
13
th, 2
00
9
Would we be able to change this picture?
Reuters, June 12th, 2009
Would we be able to change this picture?
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Folh
a d
e Sã
o P
aulo
, Ju
ne
19
th, 2
00
9
YES!
- Banning commercial cattle herds in the Amazon area! Huge economical and labour losses.
- Adopting intensive systems. Feed lots were set down, usually using high content of grains in the diets.
- Adopting sustainable systems! Technology should be developed.Fo
lha
de
São
Pau
lo, J
un
e 1
3th
, 20
09
Looking for the development of sustainable system for beef cattle production in the Amazon region
Projeto Pecuária Verde: Research and extensionParagominas County, Pará State, Brazil
Cattle population per county
Projeto Pecuária Verde, Paragominas – PA, Brazil
Program for environmental and agricultural adjustments in rural proprieties of Paragominas-PA, Brazil
- Environmental adjustments- Intensive systems for beef cattle production on pasture- Adoption of good practices of handling to promote human and cattle welfare
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Adoption of good practices of handling to promote human and cattle welfare
Working plan:- Education
- Academic (working together with local Universities) - Training livestock people to improve their handling skills
- Improving handling facilities- Applied research
10
Results: - Reduced deforestation- Recovery of damaged areas- Improved productivity- Reduced the animal losses- Improved the labor conditions- Improved the labor efficiency- Improved human and animal welfare- Opened new trade opportunities
Projeto Pecuária Verde, Paragominas – PA, Brazil
THERE ARE STILL PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
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Intensive systems for beef cattle production on pasture
Challenging situation: Pastures are usually big. Due to this the system demands also big lots of cattle, making handling more difficult (e.g. driving, watering and feeding cattle with supplement)
ANIMAL WELFARE IS A COMPLEX SUBJECT WITH SCIENTIFIC,
ETHICAL, ECONOMIC, CULTURAL AND
POLITICAL DIMENSIONS (OIE, 2008)
Natural environment
Healthy communities
Economic vitality
ANIMAL WELFARE AND SUSTEINABILITY
Animal welfare (ethical concerns)
Animal welfare
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Animal welfare and sustainability
Environmental Protection and Animal Welfare Movements
CRITICISM CONCERNING ANIMAL PRODUCTION
- Land and other resources use
- Environmental degradation
- Intensification.
- Selection for high yield.
- Diets with high concentrate content.
- Abusive use of antibiotics.
- Painful procedures (castration, dehorning, beak trimming, etc).
- Transport and slaughter.
There is a need for a deep reflection about these points!
ANIMAL WELFARE PROBLEMS - FIVE DOMAINS MODEL (Mellor and Reid, 1994)
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Domain 1NUTRITION
Food deprivationWater deprivation
Malnutrition
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challenge(cold, heat, lack of space,
bad handling, etc.)
Domain 3 HEALTH Diseases Injuries
Functional impairment
Domain 4BEHAVIOR
Behavioral and interactive Restrictions
PHYSYCAL COMPONENTS
MENTAL COMPONENT
Domain 5MENTAL STATES
HungryThirstPainFear
Debility
IsolationAnxiety
FrustrationDepression
Helplessness
ANIMAL WELFARE STATUS
Livestock welfare problems and related costs
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
- Animal losses (deaths)- Productivity losses- Loss of the product quality- Increases the risk of labor accidents- Reduces labor efficiency- Increases the risk of market loss- Harms the image of livestock production chains
Example with pigs:
Fails in handling during loading, transport and unloading procedures
Domain 3 HEALTH
InjuriesFunctional impairment
Percentages of carcasses with skin lesions - Brazil
Dalla
Cost
a e
t al. (
2009)
Broken bones
BruisesSkin lesions
PSE meat DFD meat
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challenge(Poor handling, bad facilities,
long distance transport)
Domain 5MENTAL STATES
FearDebilityPain
- Animal suffering- Waste of food- Economic loss- Spreading wrong message
(“bad becoming normal”)
Economic damages
Animal welfare
Rough handling welfare problems in cattle Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challengeROUGH HANDLING
Domain 4BEHAVIOR
INCREASE CATTLE REACTIVITY
Domain 3 HEALTH
INCREASE RISK OF ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES
Example with beef cattle
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challengeMORE HANDLING PROBLEMS
RISK OF LABOR ACCIDENTS
Healthy communities
at risk
Animal welfare
Example with beef cattle:
Environmental and animal welfare problems in grass fed cattle caused by the lack of space in the feed bunks used for supplementation
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challengeLack of space in the feed bunk
Domain 4BEHAVIOR
Increases socialcompetition
Domain 1NUTRITION
Malnutrition(submissive animals)
Domain 3 HEALTHDiseases
Functional impairment
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Increases environmental challenge
(pasture and ground damage)
Domain 5MENTAL STATES
FearDebilityPain
Anxiety FrustrationHelplessness
Natural environment
at risk
Animal welfare
Example with beef cattle:
Social competition (reduced space in the feed bunk)
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
4 cm/head
12 cm/head
Average number of fights (± SD) per hour according to the space in the feed bunk
Expected consumption(300 g/animal/day)
Pas
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et a
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on
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hed
Example with beef cattle:
Botulism outbreaks in cattle in Brazil associated with contaminated water
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
A feed bunk surrounded by contaminated
waterPesq. Vet. Bras., 21(2): 43-48, 2001
Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
Domain 1NUTRITION
Food deprivationWater deprivation
Example:
Welfare problems in high density feedlot beef cattle. Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Environmental challenge(Lack of space)
Domain 4BEHAVIOR
Competition Social stress
Domain 3 HEALTH
Diseases, deaths,functional impairment
Domain 2ENVIRONMENT
Increases environmental challenge
(dust and mud)
Domain 5MENTAL STATES
FearDebilityPain
Anxiety FrustrationHelplessness
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Sixth Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) meeting Panama 20-23 June 2016
ANIMAL WELFARE AND SUSTAINABILITY
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
AT RISK
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES
AT RISK
ECONOMIC VITALITY AT
RISK
ANIMAL WELFARE
.ETHICAL
CONCERNS
POOR ANIMAL WELFARE
“…YOU BECOME RESPONSIBLE FOREVER FOR WHAT YOU HAVE TAMED…”(Antonie de Saint-Exupéry, The Little Prince)
Mateus ([email protected])Thank you
www.grupoetco.org.br
