Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleumsgeofag Prosjekttittel: Testing a source rock maturation method based on palynology by using Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI) a case study from the Carboniferous succession , Barents Sea Veileder: Gunn Mangerud Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. dr. Gilda Lopes, GEO, UiB 2. Prof Geoff Clayton, Trinity College Dublin TCD Prosjektbeskrivelse: The main aim of this study is to help develop a source rock maturation technique, Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI). The methods will be tested on a shallow borehole (7127/10-U-3) from East Finnmark Platform. Hypothesis: Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI) is a robust technique for assessing thermal maturity of source rocks based on small numbers of measurements on accurately focused specimens. Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI) is a measure of spore colour in transmitted light that can be used to estimate thermal maturity. As this technique is relatively new, little research has been completed to refine and standardize protocols for PDI measurement. Two key factors to be investigated are the minimum number of individual measurements required from any palynomorph population in order to determine PDI accurately, and the importance of accurate focusing. Material already processed from Barents Sea Carboniferous cores is ideal for this investigation as many samples include abundant simple, smooth miospores that are suitable for PDI determination. Several common taxa will be investigated by calculating their mean PDI on a cumulative basis in order to determine the minimum number of measurements per sample above which no significant change in mean PDI occurs. Many of the Barents Sea assemblages contain extremely well preserved miospores. A Nikon microscope equipped with motorized focusing and Z-Stack image analysis will be used to capture images at 5um focus intervals through 20 miospore specimens. PDI values will be calculated for each image and these will then be compared in order to assess how out-of-focus a specimen can be to still provide an acceptable PDI value. The study will further improve the knowledge about the Carboniferous of the Barents Sea with the application of palynological and organic petrology methods. The study will be performed in integration with a post-doctoral project and one other master student working on comparison of two different methods to determine proportions of organic constituents of shales. A comprehensive collaboration with Trinity College Dublin (TCD) will be achieved allowing the student to attend classes at TCD and acquire competencies within these methodologies and help in validation of the new organic petrology technique that the student will develop on Trinity College Dublin during the first year of the master.

Viktig informasjon:

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: M vre villig til tilbringe noen uker i Dublin, vinter/vr 2016 som minimum. Oppgaven skal gjres i tett samarbeid med prosjektet Palynofacies Carboniferous Barents Sea, testing of methods og vil kun bli igangsatt om begge prosjekt blir valgt. Eksterne data: Bruk av grunne kjerner allerede godkjent av OD i forbindelse med prosjekt oppstart. Materiale fra felt samlet i 2014. Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: M vre villig til tilbringe minimum noen uker i Dublin, vinter/vr 2016 (reise og bolig vil bli dekket enten gjennom utvekling p Erasmus eller gjennom prosjekt). Oppgaven skal gjres i tett samarbeid med master prosjektet Source rock validation based on palynofacies - a case study from Carboniferous succession, Barents Sea og det vil vre en stor fordel om begge prosjektene blir valgt. Finansiering: Master prosjektet er en integrert del av forskningsprosjektet Early Carboniferous biostratigraphy of the Barents Sea. Eksternt prosjekt :

Carboniferous Barents Sea 808254

JA

Nei Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Hst 2015 GEOV 241 Mikroskopi 10 sp GEOV 272 Seismisk tolkning 10 sp GEOV 361 Sekvensstratigrafi 10 sp Vr 2015 The student will have to attend, at Trinity College Dublin, two modules of 5 ECTS each (Module GL4411: Organic Petrology, Palynology and Palaebotany; Module GL4412: Laboratory Project). Spesialpensum palynologi 5 ECTS GEOV 363 Videregende sedimentologi/stratigrafi 5 sp GEOV 360 Sedimentologi & facies analyse 10sp

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleumsgeofag Prosjekttittel: Source rock validation based on palynofacies - a case study from Carboniferous succession, Barents Sea Veileder: Gunn Mangerud Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. dr. Gilda Lopes, GEO, UiB 2. Prof Geoff Clayton, Trinity College Dublin

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): The main aim of this study is to improve the methods of applying palynofacies for kerogen description and evaluation of source rocks potential as well as applying palynofacies for paleoenvironmental understanding. This thesis is aiming at comparing two different methods of estimation of relative proportions of organic particles in several Barents Sea samples using both the point count and relative areas measure through image analysis methods (see below). The samples used are from offshore exploration well (7128/6-1) from the East Finnmark Platform. Hypothesis: Measurement of relative areas is a more accurate method than point counting for estimation of relative proportions of organic matter types Estimation of relative proportions of the various organic constituents of shales is a routine method for both the assessment of hydrocarbon source rock potential (petrographic kerogen typing) and the interpretation of palaeogeographic setting and depositional environments (palynofacies analysis). Point counting is the most commonly employed proxy method due to its speed and low cost. However, a major problem is that some common organic constituents, notably woody debris and amorphous organic matter, disintegrate readily during natural transport and laboratory processing, leading to serious over-representation in point counts. Accurate measurement of relative areas of organic constituents provides a much better approximation to relative volumes than point counting but it is a slower method, requiring relatively expensive image analysis software. The project will involve the estimation of relative proportions of organic particles in several Barents Sea samples using both the point count and image analysis methods. The results will be compared and the implications assessed in terms of possible errors introduced by using point counts to interpret hydrocarbon source rock potential and palynofacies. The study will further improve the knowledge about the Carboniferous of the Barents Sea with the application of palynological and organic petrology methods. The study will be an integrated part of a wider project comprising a post-doctoral project and one other master student working on testing the method Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI) method validation. A comprehensive collaboration with Trinity College Dublin (TCD) will be achieved allowing the student to attend classes at TCD and acquire competencies within these methodologies and help in validation of the new organic petrology technique that the student will develop on Trinity College Dublin during the first year of the master.

Viktig informasjon:

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak M vre villig til tilbringe noen uker i Dublin vinter/vr 2016 som minimum. Oppgaven skal gjres i tett samarbeid med prosjektet Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI), Carboniferous Barents Sea, testing of methods og vil kun bli igangsatt om begge prosjekt blir valgt. Eksterne data: Bruk av grunne kjerner allerede godkjent av OD i forbindelse med prosjekt -oppstart. Materiale fra felt samlet i 2014. Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: M vre villig til tilbringe noen uker i Dublin, vinter/vr 2016 som minimum. Oppgaven skal gjres i tett samarbeid med masterprosjektet Testing a source rock maturation method based on palynology by using Palynomorph Darkness Index (PDI) a case study from the Carboniferous succession, Barents Sea og det vil vre en stor fordel om begge masterprosjektene blir valgt. Finansiering: Master prosjektet er en integrert del av forskningsprosjektet Early Carboniferous biostratigraphy of the Barents Sea. Eksternt prosjekt :

Carboniferous Barents Sea 808254

JA

Nei Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Hst 2015 GEOV 241 Mikroskopi 10 sp GEOV 272 Seismisk tolkning 10 sp GEOV 361 Sekvensstratigrafi 10 sp Vr 2015 The student will have to attend, at Trinity College Dublin, two modules of 5 ECTS each (Module GL4411: Organic Petrology, Palynology and Palaebotany; Module GL4412: Laboratory Project). Spesialpensum palynologi 5 ECTS GEOV 363 Videregende sedimentologi/stratigrafi 5 sp GEOV 360 Sedimentologi & facies analyse 10sp

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleumsgeofag Prosjekttittel: Regional distribution and formation mechanisms of sand injections in the North Sea Hovedveileder: Christian Hermanrud (UiB / Statoil) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. NN1 Statoil, Norwegian Petroleum Directorate and / or ConocoPhillips 2. NN2 UiB

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): The North Sea sedimentary basin is riddles with sand injections, which occur in Cretaceous to Pleistocene strata. Their regional distribution of these features has not yet been described, and their formation mechanism(-s) are only vaguely known. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): It is believed that the formation and occurences of sand injections depend on the basin-scale geological setting. It is further believed that identification of their distribution and their relationship the overall sedimentology and structural geology of the North Sea holds the clu to an improved understanding of the mechanisms that controlled their formation. Test (work): Seismic interpretation of a set of regional seismic lines will be used to constrain the overall distribution of sand injections in the North Sea. Such interpretation will presumably result in testable hypotheses on the causes for the dependence of sand injections on large scale basinal features. Seismic 3D data will be used to further constrain the proposed relationships that emerge from the analyses of the regional seismic 2D lines. Norsk prosjektbeskrivelse: Sandinjeksjoner opptrer i store deler av Nordsjen, i strata av Kritt til Pleistocen alder. Den regionale fordelingen av disse lagene er s langt ikke beskrevet, og deres dannelsesmekanisme (-r) er kun kjent i grove trekk. Det antas at dannelsen og fordelingen av sandinjeksjoner avhenger av regionalgeologiske forhold. Det antas videre at identifikasjon av sandinjeksjoners fordeling and relasjon til Nordsjens overordnete sedimentologiske og strukturgeologiske trekk kan gi nkkkelinformasjon til forstelsen av de mekanismer som resulterer i dannele av sandinjeksjoner. Seismisk tolking av et sett regionale seismiske linjer vil bli anvendt for avgrense fordelingen av sandinjeksjoner i Nordsjen. Slik tolking vil sannsynligvis lede til

testbare hypoteser om hvordan dannelse av av sandinjeksjoner avhenger av stor- (basseng-) skala geologiske trekk. Seismiske 3D data vil bli benyttet til teste og videreutvikle hypoteser om dannelsen av sandinjeksjoner enn den som framkommer fra analyse av de regionale seismiske 2D linjene.

Viktig informasjon: The student will be a member of the Pestoh-group (PEtroleum and CO2 STOrage students of Hermanrud). The students in this group work on a variety of challenges related to subsurface fluid flow, and the group members present their work and give

feedback to their peer students at a regular basis. 31 Januar 2015,Christian Hermanrud ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: General BA in geology

Eksterne data:Data already exist at the UiB Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: Access to the data lab is required Finansiering: Financial support from Statoil Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Hst: GEOV 361 (10) Sekvensstratigrafi GEOV 251 (10) Videregende strukturgeologi GEOV 272 Seismisk tolkning GEOV (10) Vr: Spesialpensum om sandinjeksjoner (10) GEOV 363 (10) videregende sedimentologi / stratigrafi GEOV 345 (5) Petroleumgeologiske feltmetoder GEOV 364 (5) Videregende petroleumgeologi

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleumsgeofag Prosjekttittel: Geologal constraints on the position of oil-water contacts in the Oseberg Hild area of the Northern North Sea Hovedveileder: Christian Hermanrud, UiB and Statoil Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. NN1, Statoil 2. Atle Rotevatn, UIB (ikke forespurt enn)

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): Knowledge of the position of the oil-water contact is the most important parameter in petroleum exploration. Work by the Pestoh group has demonstrated that this position is often controllled by vertical leakage in overpressured areas.The controls on fluid contact positions in moderately pressured areas are less well documented. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): The seismic expression of vertical leakage varies among areas, and notably depends on the overburden lithologies. Is is expected that seismic characteristics of vertical leakage from highly overpressured traps can be recognized in the study area. It is also expected that seismic analyses of structural traps in the moderately pressured area can reveal the controls of the oil-water contacts here. Test (work): Seismic mapping of structural traps, supplemented by fault and amplitude analyses, will form the basis for analyses of vertical leakage in the highly overpressured part of the study area. Mapping of structural closures and fluid contacts will form the basis for analyses of fluid contact controls of the moderately pressured areas. Prosjektbeskrivelse p norsk: Kunnskap om posisjonen til olje-vann kontakter er den viktigste parameteren ved oljeleting. Arbeid i Pestoh-gruppen har vist at denne posisjonen ofte er kontrollert av vertikal lekkasje i sterkt overtrykte omrder. Hva som kontrollerer kontaktenes posisjon i moderat overtrykte omrder er lite kjent. Det seismiske uttrykket til vertikal lekkasje varierer mellom ulike omrder, og avhenger i stor grad av overburdenbergartene . Det er forventet at de seismiske karakteristika av vertikal lekkasje fra sterkt overtrykte feller lar seg identifisere i studieomrdet. Det er ogs forventet at seismiske analyser av strukturelle feller i det moderat overtrykte omrdet vil gi ny kunnskap om hva som kontrollerer posisjonene til olje-vann kontaktene i moderat overtrykte omrder. Seismisk kartlegging av strukturelle feller, forkastninger og amplitudevariasjoner vil danne basis for analyse av vertikal forkastningslekkasje i den sterkt overtrykte delen

av studieomrdet. Kartlegging av strukturelle feller og fluidkontakter vil danne basis for analyser av fluidkontakters posisjoner i det moderart overtrykte omrdet. Viktig informasjon: The student will be a member of the Pestoh-group (PEtroleum and CO2 STOrage students of Hermanrud). The students in this group work on a variety of challenges related to subsurface fluid flow, and the group members present their work and give feedback to their peer students at a regular basis.

31 Januar 2015, Christian Hermanrud____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: General BA in geology

Eksterne data: Seismic data will be provided by Statoil

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: Acccess to the data lab is required

Finansiering: Financing by Statoil Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV 272, GEOV 274, GEOV 364, GEOV 367, GEOV 300, GEOV 372, GEOV 350, eventuelt annet etter individuelle avtaler

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket vr 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleum geoscience Prosjekttittel: Volcanic rifted margins: comparing lidar data from outcrops of Traill (East Greenland) with seismic data from the conjugate Vring Margin Veileder: Christian Haug Eide Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Atle Rotevatn (UiB) 2. Simon J. Buckley (Uni Research CIPR) 3. Isabelle Lecomte (NORSAR/UiO) Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Spectacular outcrops on the island of Traill in Eastern Greenland expose thick sedimentary successions from the Devonian through to the Cretaceous. These deposits have later been block faulted and intruded by thick dolerites. The area shares much of its history with the conjugate Vring Margin, one of the frontier basins in the North Atlantic. Extensive intrusions in the Vring Margin result in poor seismic imaging. The Traill outcrops therefore offer insight that can be used to better understand these deposits, and also increase the understanding of the interaction between magmatism, sediments and faults in general. The outcrops on Traill have been LiDAR scanned from a helicopter, resulting in a 25 km long, and 1 km thick digital outcrop model. In addition, 2D and 3D seismic data from the Vring Basin will be made available. The main objective of this project is to interpret stratigraphic boundaries, faults and intrusions in the lidar dataset, in order to understand the tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Traill section. A second goal is to create synthetic seismic profiles of the exposed rocks, and compare these with the seismic data from the conjugate Vring Margin. This project represents an opportunity to combine high-quality outcrop and seismic data, and to learn about the interaction between sedimentation, tectonics and volcanic intrusions. This project will equip the student with expertise relevant for a career both in the petroleum industry and research.

Example of exposure in East Greenland. Cliffs are approximately 1 km high.

Viktig informasjon:

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak:

Eksterne data: Lidar digital outcrop models of Traill (Uni Research CIPR) Felt, Lab og analyse-arbeid: Analysis of lidar data Generation of synthetic seismograms Seismic interpretation Field work not planned at the moment Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

NEI

JA

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV272 - Seismisk tolking 10 stp GEOV372 - Integrert tolking av seismikk og geofysiske data 5 stp GEOV352 Petroleumsgeologisk feltkurs 5 stp GEOV210 Platetektonikk 10 stp GEOV361 Sekvensstratigrafi 10 stp GEOV251 Videregende strukturgeologi 10 stp GEOV363 Videregende sedimentologi/stratigrafi (5 stp) GEOV364 Videregende petroleumsgeologi 5 stp

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleum Geology Prosjekttittel: Fault-related damage Veileder: Dr. Anita Torabi (Uni Research CIPR) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. Prof. Atle Rotevatn (UiB) 2. Dr. Behzad Alaei (Rocksource)

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): The Master thesis is part of a larger research project at CIPR. The project is called fault geometric and seismic attributes and involves CIPR and scientific contributions from UiO and Rocksource Hypothesis (Scientific problem): The envelope of fault-related damage (which includes both fault core and damage zone, Caine et al., 1996) around medium size faults (10 m-1000 km displacement) in different lithologies is investigated. This includes the frequency of small faults, joints and deformation bands around larger faults, in order to constrain the dimensions of the envelope surrounding the fault that is affected by tectonic deformation. The acquired measurements will provide data that are complementary to our database obtained from seismic (will be provided by seniors in the project) and will be integrated in statistical models that could provide more reliable prediction of thickness of the envelope. Test (work): The student needs to conduct 20-30 days of field work spread across 2 to 3 periods. The student will be supervised on how to perform the measurements in the field and how to analyze the data afterwards. The student will participate in the project meeting with other partners in order to get a larger picture of the studied topic and discuss his or her results.

Anita Torabi, 29.01.15 ____________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: A Bachelor in Geology is required.

Eksterne data:

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: The student needs to conduct 2 to 3 field works. The duration of each field work is estimated to be 10 days every time. The candidate localities are in Utah (USA), Oman, and Italy.

Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

Fault geometric and seismic attributes

JA, men det kreves delvis sttte for feltarbeid fra Instituttet.

Nei

Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): (det er spesielt viktig foresl emner studenten skal velge frste semester, hsten 2013) GEOV251 (10), GEOV 372 (5), GEOV364 (5), GEOV272 (10), GEOV300 (5), GEOV345 (5), GEOV362 (5), GEOV366 (5), GEOV301 (5), GEOV 352 (5).

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Petroleum Geology Prosjekttittel: Fault geometric attributes Hovedveileder: Dr. Anita Torabi (Uni Research CIPR) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. Prof. Atle Rotevatn (UiB) 2. Dr. Behzad Alaei (Rocksource)

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): The Master thesis is part of a larger research project at CIPR. The project is called fault geometric and seismic attributes and involves CIPR and scientific contributions from UiO and Rocksource. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): Fault geometric attributes include: fault displacement, length, damage zone width and fault core thickness (e.g. Torabi and Berg, 2011). Among these, fault core thickness is the most uncertain geometric attribute that it is also hard or impossible to capture in seismic. Nevertheless, the fault core is the place that strain localizes the most and therefore will have substantial effect the petrophysical properties of the rock. The fault core includes slip surfaces, lenses of deformed and intact rocks and fractures or deformation bands depending on the lithology of the rock. The change in the fault core thickness due to variation in lithology along the fault (10 m-1000 m displacement) is important and needs to be investigated. This means measuring fault core thickness along several parallel scan-lines, which are perpendicular to the main fault. Field work and data analysis: The student needs to conduct 20-30 days of field work spread across 2 to 3 periods. The student will be supervised on how to perform the measurements in the field and how to analyze the data afterwards. The student will participate in the project meeting with other partners in order to get a larger picture of the studied topic and discuss his or her results.

Anita Torabi, 29.01.15 dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: A Bachelor in Geology is required.

Eksterne data:

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: The student needs to conduct 2 to 3 field works. The duration of each field work is estimated to be 10 days every time. The candidate localities are in Utah (USA), Oman, and Italy.

Finansiering Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

Fault geometric and seismic attributes

JA, men det kreves delvis sttte fra Instituttet for feltarbeid.

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): (det er spesielt viktig foresl emner studenten skal velge frste semester, hsten 2013) GEOV251 (10), GEOV 372 (5), GEOV364 (5), GEOV272 (10), GEOV300 (5), GEOV345 (5), GEOV362 (5), GEOV366 (5), GEOV301 (5), GEOV 352 (5).

Description of a Master Project within Earth Science Specialization: Petroleum Geophysics Project title: Modelling of electromagnetic geophysical data in the presence of anisotropy Main supervisor: Morten Jakobsen Co-supervisor: Inga Berre, Matematisk institutt Background As existing hydrocarbon reservoirs are being depleted, we are forced to explore hydrocarbons in more challenging environments; including fractured reservoirs and finely layered rock formations that are both anisotropic and heterogeneous. The seismic method is characterized by a high resolution and remains the most important exploration method for the petroleum industry. However, it can often be difficult to distinguish between different fluids using seismic methods alone, since the acoustic contrast between brine and oil is not extremely large, and there is a non-uniqueness associated with the acoustic properties of brine-gas mixtures. In an attempt to increase their ability to discriminate between different fluids, therefore, the petroleum industry are currently using controlled-source electromagnetic methods as a supplement to seismic methods. The marine version of the CSEM method involves the use of very low frequencies, and is therefore characterized by a much lower resolution than the seismic method. However, the fluid sensitivity of marine CSEM methods are much higher than for seismic methods, due to the fact that oil and other hydrocarbons are essentially non-conductive, whereas brine have a significant conductivity, mainly controlled by the salinity. At the university of Bergen and at Uni Research, we have projects for joint inversion of seismic and CSEM data, where we exploit the fact that seismic and electromagnetic methods are complementary to each other. The student in this project will be associated with this environment for joint inversion, although he or she will focus on the development of the CSEM part of our joint inversion systems. Scientific problem The main aim of this project is to develop methods and codes for modeling of CSEM data in the presence of anisotropy, either due to fine layering or aligned fractures. This implies that the project consists of a rock physics part as well as an electromagnetic geophysical part. In previous projects, researchers at the UoB have developed rock physics models for anisotropic (finely layered and fractured) media. Also, we have developed integral equation methods for CSEM modeling in both isotropic and anisotropic media. In this project, the student should combine existing rock physics models and integral equation methods for CSEM modeling and investigate the effects of various micro structural parameters (e.g., fracture density, sand-shale ratio) on the electromagnetic responses of complex petroleum reservoirs. This is interesting from an academic point of view, since it involves theories and models at multiple scales, but potentially also very useful for the petroleum industry. Inverse problems may also be investigated, depending on the progress of the student.

Recommended background: This project is suitable for a student with a strong quantitative background in computer programming as well as (geo)physics and applied mathematics. Recommended courses (60 sp): MA212 Functions of several variables, PHYS205 Electromagnetism, PTEK218 Rock physics, GEOV219 Computational Methods in Solid Earth Physics, GEOV274 Reservoir Geophysics, GEOV276 Theoretical seismology. Eksterne data: Not relevant. Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: Not relevant. Finansiering: Not relevant. Morten Jakobsen 28th January 2015

Materopptaket V2015 !Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Petroleum !Full waveform inversion in the Laplace domain !Veileder: Morten Jakobsen !Medveileder: Tor Arne Johansen !!Forml (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): !!Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a comprehensive imaging or inversion method that makes use of all information in the seismic data, including traveltimes, amplitudes, internal multiples and diffractions. Although the FWI method promises velocity (or elastic property) images of the underground that are sharper and of higher resolution than those in conventional migration velocity analysis and traveltime tomography, the FWI method was for many years considered to be of limited practical use, due to its huge computational cost. In recent years, however, faster computers, more efficient inversion methods, and a constantly increasing demand for more detailed information about the subsurface (e.g., in connection with reservoir characterization and monitoring) has made the FWI method more and more appealing. !FWI is normally based on the minimization of an objective function measuring the difference between predicted and observed data. FWI is mostly formulated in time or Fourier domain. However FWI diverges if the starting model is far from the true model. This is consequence of the lack of low frequency in the seismic sources which limits the recovery of the large-scale structures in the velocity model. Re-formulating FWI in the Laplace domain using a logarithmic objective function introduces a fast and efficient method capable to recover long-wavelength velocity structure starting from a very simple initial solution and independent of the frequency content of the data. !In this project, the student should first modify an existing (scattering-based) method for waveform inversion in the frequency domain so that it could be used in the Laplace domain. A series of numerical experiments should then be performed in order to compare the performance of the new Laplace domain approach with the more conventional frequency domain to FWI. The numerical experiments should be based on synthetic seismic waveform data generated using the finite difference time domain method. To make the numerical experiments more realistic, the student should also add various amounts of random white and/or colored noise to the computed waveforms. The numerical experiments should focus on problems with convergence toward local minima associated with a lack of high quality low-frequency waveform data, and investigate to what extent the Laplace domain approach could be useful in this context. The project is clearly mathematically oriented but also highly relevant for industry. !!

!Viktig informasjon: !!This project requires a strong background in signal theory as well as wave propagation and inversion. It will also be strictly required to have good skills or a talent for computer programming. !!Eksterne data: Not relevant !!Feltarbeid: Not relevant !!Laboratoriearbeid: Not relevant !!Finansiering: Not relevant !!Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 stp. !!!Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): !! GEOV276 - Theoretical Seismology (10 stp) ! GEOV219 - Computational methods in solid earth physics (10 stp) ! GEOV274 - Reservoir Geophysics (10 stp) ! GEOV375 - Advanced Applied Seismic Analysis (10 tsp) ! MAT265/ - Parameter estimation and inverse problems (10 stp) ! Special syllabus on FWI and signal theory (10 stp) !!!!!!!____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig !

Materopptaket V2015 !Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Petroleum !Frequency selection strategies for full waveform inversion !Veileder: Morten Jakobsen !Medveileder: Henk Keers !!Forml (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): !!Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a comprehensive imaging or inversion method that makes use of all information in the seismic data, including traveltimes, amplitudes, internal multiples and diffractions. Although the FWI method promises velocity (or elastic property) images of the underground that are sharper and of higher resolution than those in conventional migration velocity analysis and traveltime tomography, the FWI method was for many years considered to be of limited practical use, due to its huge computational cost. In recent years, however, faster computers, more efficient inversion methods, and a constantly increasing demand for more detailed information about the subsurface (e.g., in connection with reservoir characterization and monitoring) has made the FWI method more and more appealing. ! The FWI approach can be performed in the time domain or in the frequency domain. If all frequencies are made use of then the frequency domain approach would be equivalent with the time domain approach. Due to a redundancy in the information associated with multiple frequencies and sources, however, it is often possible to obtain surprisingly accurate images of the physical parameters by inverting a relatively low number of frequencies. Also, a multiscale regularization method that was originally introduced for time domain FWI can be implemented in a more natural and efficient manner in the frequency domain. By using a suitable frequency selection strategy in conjunction with the frequency domain approach to FWI, one can try to find a good balance between accuracy and computational complexity. In this project, the student should compare the results and computational costs of FWI performed using different frequency selection strategies, including the sequential single-frequency frequency inversion strategy, the use of partially overlapping frequency groups and the simultaneous frequency inversion method. The student should carry out a series of numerical experiments on a set of synthetic seismic waveform data associated with a realistic 2D model generated using a finite difference time domain code. The effects of different noise models should be investigated, and the inversion should be performed in the frequency domain using a combination of numerical and analytical (scattering-integral) methods. The project is suitable for a mathematically oriented geophysics student and highly relevant for industry.

!!Viktig informasjon: !!It is required that the student follow courses in theoretical seismology, numerical methods in solid earth physics and parameter estimation and inverse problems. It is also required that the student establish good computer programming skills before he/she start this project. !!Eksterne data: Not relevant !!Feltarbeid: Not relevant !!Laboratoriearbeid: Not relevant !!Finansiering: Not relevant !!Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 stp. !!!Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): !! GEOV276 - Theoretical Seismology (10 stp) ! GEOV219 - Computational methods in solid earth physics (10 stp) ! GEOV274 - Reservoir Geophysics (10 stp) ! GEOV375 - Advanced Applied Seismic Analysis (10 tsp) ! MAT265/ - Parameter estimation and inverse problems (10 stp) ! Special syllabus on FWI and signal theory (10 stp) !!!!!!!____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig !

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning:Geophysics Prosjekttittel:Seismic modeling, sensitivity kernels and inversion Veileder: Henk Keers Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1.Thomas Meier (Kiel) 2. Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): One of the main goals in geophysics is to determine the Earths subsurface structure. In seismology the main source of data, in the case of body waves, have been the travel times. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): In recent years there has been a shift to go beyond travel times. The use of whole waveforms seems attractive but is also complicated and might even contain redundant data. An alternative is to, instead of whole waveforms, concentrate on parts of the waveforms using sensitivity kernels for travel time, amplitude, polarisation etc. Test (work): In this research project we aim to further develop software that computes various sensitivity kernels and apply them to . We will use ray-Born modelling as a starting point but also use other modelling methods. The modelling methods and the sensitivity kernels will be used to develop various efficient inversion methods. These inversion methods will be tested on synthetic data first and subsequently be applied to real data from a region of interest (such as Yellowstone). Viktig informasjon:

_______Henk Keers_____________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: This project requires a degree in geohsysics with the mathematics direction (or equivalent). A strong interest in math, physics and programming is required. Eksterne data:We will try to apply the methodology to Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: (noter forventet sted, mengde og periode for felt/lab ev. annet)

Finansiering:(I frste omgang skal finansiering tas fra eksterne prosjekt. Krever prosjektet finansiering fra instituttet skal Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt legges ved) Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV355, GEOV359, GEOV219, MAT212, INF109

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Masteropptaket 2015 Masteroppgave i geovitenskap petroleum Prosjekttittel: Seismisk sty p sjis Veileder: Tor Arne Johansen Medveileder: Bent Ole Ruud Forml: Geologisk kartlegging av Arktis m i hovedsak gjres ved bruk av geofysiske metoder. Seismikk gir som hovedregel de beste mulighetene til se strukturelle detaljer i den verste delen av jordas skorpe. Seismiske underskelser i omrder med mye is er operasjonelt vanskelig og gir generelt begrenset datakvalitet. Det er nskelig finne frem til metoder og kilder som kan forbedre kvaliteten i de seismiske dataene fra slike omrder, samtidig som det er viktig at disse metodene i minst mulig grad er til sjenanse for sjpattedyr og fisk som er i omrdet nr underskelsene pgr. Oppgaven blir delta p seismiske underskelser p fjordis p Svalbard, der det skal gjre tester av ulike typer av seismiske kilder. Foruten vre med p deler av innsamlingen, vil oppgaven bli analysere stydata fra disse eksperimentene mhp styrke og frekvensinnhold, samt diskutere disse i lys av kjente frekvensspektre for hrselen til sjpattedyr som lever i Arktis. Viktig informasjon: Eksterne data: Trengs ikke Feltarbeid: 2-3 uker vren 2016 Laboratoriearbeid: Ikke aktuelt Finansiering: Trenger ikke ekstern finansiering Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Kan diskuteres, men i hovedsak fordypningsemner i geofysikk.

English summary

Project title: Seismic noise on sea ice. Objective: Geological surveying of the Arctic has to be heavily based on geophysical data. Seismic data provides in general the best image in order to interpret the structural details of the upper part of the earths crust. Seismic surveying in areas covered by ice is from an operational point of view difficult and gives often limited data quality. There is still much to do in order to find optimal methods for seismic imaging in such areas, along with the requirements for environmental friendly operations. The thesis is to participate in seismic acquisition experiments on Svalbard during spring 2016, where various tests of seismic sources will be conducted. The thesis is to focus on the frequency spectra of the noise generated and review these with respect to the hearing frequency signatures of various sea mammals. ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Masteropptaket 2015 Masteroppgave i geovitenskap petroleum Prosjekttittel: Mulige seismiske effekter av geo-kjemiske prosesser ved injisering av karbondioksid i karbonat-reservoarer. Veileder: Tor Arne Johansen Medveileder: Erling Jensen Forml: Deponering av karbondiksid (CO2) i reservoarer under overflaten kan bli et viktigbidrag til reduksjon av utslipp av klimagasser. Overvking av slike deponier ved bruk av seismikk vil da bli viktig. 4D seismikk er ofte brukt for overvke trykk og metningsendringer i olje- og gass-reservoarer som er under trykk. Dette gjres f.eks. over Sleipner-feltet der CO2 har vrt injisert siden midt p 90-tallet. En grunnleggende antagelse for slik monitorering er at det kun er trykk og endring i vskeforhold i reservoaret, som bidrar til endringer i de seismiske signaturene somfunksjon av tid. Oppgaven skal gjennom litteraturstudium oppsummere mulige geokjemiske effekter som kan skje mellom CO2 og ulike typer bergarter, og spesielt karbonat-reservoarer. Videre skal effekten av ulike tekstuelle endringer i bergarten, sammen med endringer i trykk og metning, kvantifiseres gjennom bergartsfysisk og seismisk modellering. Viktig informasjon: Eksterne data: Data som trengs er allerede p UiB Feltarbeid: Ikke aktuelt Laboratoriearbeid: Ikke aktuelt Finansiering: Trenger ikke ekstern finansiering Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Kan diskuteres, men i hovedsak fordypningsemner i seismikk.

English Summary:

Project title: Possible seismic effects of geochemical processes of injection of carbon dioxide in carbonate reservoirs. Objective: Sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in subsurface reservoirs might be important in future efforts for reducing the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. Monitoring the process by use of seismic methods will then become increasingly important. 4D seismic is often used to monitor alteration in fluid pressure and saturation in oil- and gas-reservoirs. This has for example been continuously done during the CO2 sequestration into the Sleipner field since the mid-90s. A basic assumption behind this methodology is that alteration in fluid pressure and saturation are the only factors behind the change in seismic signatures. The research in this thesis is first, through a literature study, to reveal possible geochemical effects occurring in CO2-saturated carbonates. Furthermore, the thesis is to try to quantify the textural changes associated with such chemical effect, and potential seismic effect by combining rock physics and seismic modelling. ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Masteropptaket 2015 Masteroppgave i geovitenskap petroleum Prosjekttittel: Endringer i seismiske signaturer fra silisiklastiske reservoarer som funksjon av begravingsdyp. Veileder: Tor Arne Johansen Medveileder: Erling Jensen Forml: Sedimenter som begraves blir bde mekanisk og kjemisk kompakterte. Mekanisk kompaksjon gjr at bergartskornene pakkes tettere sammen og porsiteten til bergarten avtar. Ved kjemisk kompaksjon, eller diagenese, vil bergartskornene sementeres som flge av at geokjemisk opplst materiale fra lokalt bergartsmateriale eller omkringliggende bergarter avsettes p kornkontaktene. Kompaksjon karakteriseres ofte ved trender i porsitet med dyp. Skifer og sand har ulike dybdetrender. Dette medfrer at de seismiske kontrastene mellom sand og skifer vil variere med dyp. Oppgaven er studere slike dybdetrender og via bergartsfysisk og seismisk modellering vise hvordan slike kompaksjons-trender kan bidra til forst de ulike seismiske signaturene som opptrer mellom skifre og ulike typer silisiklastiske reservoarer ved ulike dyp. Viktig informasjon: Eksterne data: Data som trengs er allerede p UiB Feltarbeid: Ikke aktuelt Laboratoriearbeid: Ikke aktuelt Finansiering: Trenger ikke ekstern finansiering Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Kan diskuteres, men i hovedsak fordypningsemner i geofysikk.

English summary Project title: Variations in seismic signatures of siliciclastic reservoirs as function of burial depth. Objective: Sediments will undergo mechanical and chemical compaction as they are buried by overlying sediments. Mechanical compaction makes the grains to pack denser and thereby to reduce the porosity. During chemical compaction, or diagenesis, the grains will be cemented by precipitation of chemically dissolved material from nearby grains or more distant rocks, e.g. calcite cementation of quartz grains. Compaction is often characterized by depth trends in porosity. Shale and sands have different porosity depth trends due to different resistance to being both mechanically and chemically compacted. This makes the seismic contrast between shale and sand to generally vary with burial depth. The thesis is to study such depth trends and to combine these with rock physics and seismic modelling to to better understand how the seismic reflection signatures from siliciclastic reservoirs generally evolve with depth. ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Masteropptaket 2015 Masteroppgave i geovitenskap petroleum Prosjekttittel: Seismiske effekter av de-kompaksjon. Veileder: Tor Arne Johansen Medveileder: Erling Jensen Forml: De seismiske egenskapene til ulike bergarter er, foruten sammensetning og tekstur, formet gjennom bergartenes dannelseshistorie. Viktige komponenter er her trykk og temperatur som funksjon av tid. Mekanisk og kjemisk kompaksjon (diagenese) vil generelt fre til reduksjon av porsitet og kning i tetthet og de seismiske parametrene. Nr bergarter lftes opp, og trykk og temperatur avtar, kan sprekker oppst som flge av at poretrykket overstiger omslutningstrykket eller av andre spenningsavlastninger. Omfanget av dette vil variere med type litologi og permeabilitet. Oppsprekking vil ha betydelige effekter p bergartenes seismiske egenskaper. Oppgaven skal belyse mekanismer som endrer bergartenes tekstur nr bergarter lftes opp og de-kompakteres, og gjennom bergartsfysisk og seismisk modellering vise hvilke seismiske signaturer slike vertikale bevegelser av ulike typer av kappe- og reservoar-bergarter vil gi. Viktig informasjon: Eksterne data: Data som trengs er allerede p UiB Feltarbeid: Ikke aktuelt Laboratoriearbeid: Ikke aktuelt Finansiering: Trenger ikke ekstern finansiering Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Kan diskuteres, men i hovedsak fordypningsemner i geofysikk.

English summary

Project title: Seismic effects of decompaction, Objective: The seismic properties of various rocks are, except from mineral composition and texture, formed through its history of origin. Important factors are pressure and temperature as a function of time. Mechanical and chemical compaction (diagenesis) generally leads to reduction of porosity and increase in density and seismic properties. When rocks are uplifted, and lithostatic and temperature decrease, cracks can form as the pore pressure exceeds the lithostatic pressure or due other stress relaxations. The extent of cracking depends on type of lithology and permeability. Cracking on all scales may severely impact the seismic properties of a rock. The thesis is to focus on mechanisms which alter the texture when rocks are uplifted and, thus, de-compacting, and through rock physics and seismic modelling discuss seismic signatures caused by vertical displacements of typical seal and source rocks. ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap (Fall 2015) Petroleum Geoscience Prosjekttittel: Salt control on deep-water turbidite deposits on the West African

continental margin Veileder: Rob Gawthorpe Medveileder: Leo Zijerveld Forml (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): This project will use seismic geomorphological techniques to analyse the variability of submarine channels and fans on continental slopes subject to salt tectonics using regionally extensive 3D seismic data. The specific objectives of the projects are:

Identify main depositional elements within submarine canyon and channel complexes and determine their distribution on the slope.

Quantification of channel and slope morphology (e.g. thalweg long-profile, channel width, incision depth, levee height, sinuosity, birfurcation style, hypsometry etc).

Examine relationships between the above channel parameters and seabed structures to develop models for the 3D morphology and evolution of submarine channel complexes on deforming continental slopes.

The project will focus on shallow, near-seabed 3D seismic data from the West African continental margin. During the project you will gain skills in standard 3D seismic interpretation techniques and attribute analysis applicable to sedimentological interpretation of deepwater turbidite deposits (e.g. submarine channels, lobes, slumps etc). In addition, advanced interpretation techniques for automatic reflector interpretation and frequency decomposition and attribute blending will be used for detailed analysis of areas of particular interest around salt-related structures. The experience gained during the project will be directly relevant to a future career in the oil and gas industry or for further research studies. Evt. spesielle forkunnskaper i andre fag/prerequest: Introductory sedimentology and structural geology is essential. Some experience of seismic interpretation and seismic reflection techniques is an advantage. Eksterne data (ved bruk av data fra eksterne bedrift, er disse tilgjengelige ved oppstart av masteroppgaven?): Yes. Feltarbeid: No Laboratoriearbeid: 3D Seismic Lab (Petrel, GeoTeric, Paleoscan) Finansiering: Covered if needed by external projects. Type oppgave (60stp) Some of the relevant courses include: GEOV254, GEOV272, GEOV300, GEOV350, GEOV 360, GEOV361, GEOV362, GEOV363, GEOV372

Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap (For Fall 2015) Petroleum Geoscience Project title: Syn-rift deepwater turbidites: a comparative study of the Plio-Pleistocene of the Corinth Rift and Late Jurassic of the Norwegian Continental Shelf Veileder: Rob Gawthorpe Medveileder: Atle Rotevatn and Martin Muravchik Project Description: Along the southern margin of the Gulf of Corinth rift, northward fault migration and uplift has provided excellent exposure of slope and basin floor syn-rift turbidites that were deposited during the evolution of the Corinth Rift. This project will focus on spectacular exposures of slope and basin floor turbidites, inland of the towns of Xylocastro and Derveni, approximately 2 hours drive, west of Athens. The stratigraphy exposed in this area is a close analogue to late Jurassic turbidite reservoirs developed around major normal fault blocks in the Northern North Sea (e.g. on the Lomre Terrace). The study will use a combination digital outcrop techniques and classical sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic fieldwork to understand the sedimentary processes controlling deep-water deposits in the Corinth Rift. The understanding developed from analysis of these depositional systems will be applied to interpretation of 3D seismic and well data from the Northern North Sea (e.g. Lomre Terrace). During the masters project the student will gain expertise in sedimentological field techniques, modern digital outcrop techniques and 3D seismic interpretation. This project forms part of a large industry funded research programme on syn-rift reservoirs. As such the masters project will provide relevant training for employment in the oil and gas industry or for advanced sedimentological research. Evt. spesielle forkunnskaper i andre fag/prerequest: Introductory sedimentology and structural geology is essential. The project will involve fieldwork in Central Greece so experience of fieldwork is essential. Eksterne data (ved bruk av data fra eksterne bedrift, er disse tilgjengelige ved oppstart av masteroppgaven?): Yes. Feltarbeid: Spring and autumn 2015 Laboratoriearbeid: 3D Seismic Lab/Grotten (ArcGIS, Lidar and Petrel) Finansiering: Syn-Rift Analogues Project (subject to confirmation by sponsors) Type oppgave (60stp) Some of the relevant courses include: GEOV254, GEOV272, GEOV300, GEOV350, GEOV361, GEOV362, GEOV363, GEOV372

Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap (For Fall 2015) Petroleum Geoscience Project title: Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of shorelines fringing intra-rift fault blocks: A comparison of the Frya High, offshore mid Norway and Corinth Rift in Greece Veileder: Rob Gawthorpe Medveileder: Alte Rotevatn and Martin Muravchik

Project Description: Shallow marine deposits that fringe fault blocks in rift settings are major, proven reservoirs along the Norwegian Continental Shelf, yet they are difficult to identify from seismic as they are often at the limit of seismic resolution. Outcorp analogues to these reservoirs are developed in the eastern part of the Corinth Rift. This study will use a combination of 3D seismic and well data from the Frya High (offshore mid-Norway) to determine its tectono-stratigraphic development and the sedimetological and geomorphological evolution during late Jurassic rifting and early post-rift. This will be combined with a field excursion to the Corinth Rift to study the sedimentology of shallow marine sandbodies fringing intra-basin highs. During the masters project the student will gain expertise in sedimentological field techniques, and subsurface interpretation using state-of-the-art software. As such, the project will provide relevant training for employment in the oil and gas industry or for advanced sedimentological research. Evt. spesielle forkunnskaper i andre fag/prerequest: Introductory sedimentology and structural geology is essential. The project will involve fieldwork in Central Greece so experience of fieldwork is essential. Eksterne data (ved bruk av data fra eksterne bedrift, er disse tilgjengelige ved oppstart av masteroppgaven?): Yes. Feltarbeid: Spring or autumn 2016 Laboratoriearbeid: 3D Seismic Lab/Grotten (ArcGIS, Lidar and Petrel, GeoTeric) Finansiering: Syn-Rift Analogues Project (subject to confirmation by sponsors) Type oppgave (60stp) Some of the relevant courses include: GEOV254, GEOV272, GEOV300, GEOV350, GEOV361, GEOV362, GEOV363, GEOV372

Autumn 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Petroleum Geology __________________________________ (studieretning) Prosjekttittel: Submarine canyons in rift settings: the Oseberg Sr area (northern North Sea) Veileder: Rob Gawthorpe and Wojciech Nemec (UiB) Medveileder: Jeffrey Catterall (Statoil) and Ian Sharp (UiB and Statoil) Forml (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): Submarine canyons are often major geomorphological features in deep water, rift climax settings in rift basins and have the potential to form major hydrocarbon reservoirs and stratigraphic traps. The aim of this project is to analyse the Late Jurassic, syn-rift interval in the Oseberg Sr area (northern North Sea), focusing on geomorphology of major canyon-like erosion surfaces and the sedimentology of their infill. Mapping of key surfaces in 3D seismic data will allow the present-day morphology of the canyons to be determined. The sedimentology and stratigraphy of the canyons will be further constrained by seismic attribute analysis tied to borehole data (core, wireline logs, biostratigraphy). Local structural controls on canyon location, orientation and geometry will be established by comparison of the mapped canyons with analysis of fault geometry and activity in the study area. It is anticipated that the project will also use data from modern and Plio-Pleistocene submarine canyons from active rift basins to aid interpretation of the Oseberg Sr area. In particular, fieldwork on outcrop analogues of submarine canyons from the Corinth Rift, central Greece will be undertaken as part of the study. Feltarbeid: Gulf of Corinth, Greece Laboratoriearbeid: Borehole core description (logging), seismic interpretation. Access costs required for 3D seismic lab. Finansiering: Statoil will free-access to seismic and well data from the Oseberg Sr area (permission pending). Fieldwork in the Corinth Rift will be funded from a different project, but access costs for use of the 3D seismic lab are required. Strrelse p oppgaven: 60 stp (normalt 60 stp = 1 r fulltidsstudium. 30 stp = rs fulltidsstudium (kun Basinmaster) Emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV360, GEOV361, GEOV272, GEOV363 (courses recommended for free choice: GEOV362, GEOV364, GEOV366; possibly GEOV229, GEOV251)

8 February 2015

Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap (For Fall 2015) Petroleum Geoscience Project title: Geometry and topology of normal fault networks exposed at Kilve UK Veileder: Casey Nixon Medveileder: Rob Gawthorpe, Dave Sanderson (University of Southampton) Project Description: Kilve is a classic study area in structural geology with extensive exposures of a normal fault network on an intertidal wave-cut platform. The faults offset Triassic to Jurassic limestones, shales and marls providing an excellent stratigraphy and marker-beds for measuring offsets. This study will use a combination high resolution DEM data and aerial photography to develop a digital outcrop model to document spatial variations in displacement and topology within the fault network. Structural geological fieldwork will be used to investigate structural variations in deformation for specific examples of fault linkage, interaction and damage zones surrounding them. Integration of these two data sources will be undertaking in ArcGIS 2D map of the fault array, and to investigate the scaling of the fault population. One periods of fieldwork to Kilve, Somerset, U.K. will be used to collect data for the project. During the masters project the student will gain expertise in structural geological field techniques, modern digital outcrop techniques, and using ArcGIS. As such, the project will provide relevant training for employment in the oil and gas industry or for advanced structural geological research. Evt. spesielle forkunnskaper i andre fag/prerequest: Structural geology is essential. The project will involve structural fieldwork in the UK so experience of fieldwork is essential. Some knowledge in ArcGIS would be desirable. Eksterne data (ved bruk av data fra eksterne bedrift, er disse tilgjengelige ved oppstart av masteroppgaven?): DEM data from Kilve will be made available by Statoil. Feltarbeid: Spring and autumn 2015 Laboratoriearbeid: 3D Seismic Lab/Grotten (Petrel, ArcGIS) Finansiering: Funding required to cover the cost for fieldwork in the UK Type oppgave (60stp) Some of the relevant courses include: GEOV254, GEOV272, GEOV300, GEOV350, GEOV361, GEOV362, GEOV363, GEOV372

Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap (For Fall 2015) Petroleum Geoscience Project title: Characterising the growth and development of normal fault networks offshore NW Australia Veileder: Casey Nixon Medveileder: Rob Gawthorpe, Rebecca Bell (Imperial College, London) Project Description: Three-dimensional seismic volumes offshore NW Australia image extensive networks of normal faults within rift basins. Accessible well data will provide a robust stratigraphic framework providing an excellent opportunity to investigate the growth and development of normal fault networks, focussing on determining spatial variations in the arrangement of the faults and the distribution of strain. The student will produce a 3D fault model using seismic interpretation software (Petrel) and combine traditional analysis of fault networks (such as geometry, displacement, strain, density) with a novel topological analysis that describes the arrangement of the faults. During the masters project the student will gain expertise in structural geology, fault analysis techniques, seismic interpretation software (Petrel) and ArcGIS. As such, the project will provide relevant training for employment in the oil and gas industry or for advanced structural geological research. Evt. spesielle forkunnskaper i andre fag/prerequest: Structural geology is essential. Some knowledge in ArcGIS and Petrel would be desired, but training will be given in these areas during the masters. Eksterne data (ved bruk av data fra eksterne bedrift, er disse tilgjengelige ved oppstart av masteroppgaven?): Yes. Feltarbeid: No Laboratoriearbeid: 3D Seismic Lab/Grotten (Petrel, ArcGIS) Finansiering: Type oppgave (60stp) Some of the relevant courses include: GEOV254, GEOV272, GEOV300, GEOV350, GEOV361, GEOV362, GEOV363, GEOV372

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket HST2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Coulomb stress transfer for large earthquakes in the northern Caribbean region Veileder: Mathilde B. Srensen Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Kuvvet Atakan Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Coulomb stress transfer following a large earthquake can lead to significant changes in the crustal stresses in a region. Such changes can lead to noticeable increase or decrease in the short-term seismic hazard. I this project, the student will study stress changes imparted by large historical earthquakes in the northern Caribbean region, and their relation to the spatial and temporal distribution of seismicity. Viktig informasjon:

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: ANBEFALT BACHELOR I GEOFYSIKK

Eksterne data: None

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: None

Finansiering: IKKE BEHOV Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): ( Seismotektonikk, Seismisk risiko, Processering av jordskjelvsdata, Computational methods in solid Earth physics, geodynamikk og bassengmodellering

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket Hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Ground motion attenuation in Cuba Veileder: Mathilde B. Srensen Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Kuvvet Atakan (GEO) Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): The seismic hazard in Cuba is mainly controlled by earthquakes along the Oriente Fault located south of the country. Especially the short distance to the city of Santiago de Cuba leads to a significant seismic hazard and risk in this region. In order to assess the seismic hazard in a region, reliable knowledge of the ground motion attenuation is needed. Such knowledge is usually established based on recordings of large earthquakes on a large number of seismic stations. For the case of Cuba, such a dataset is not available, and a different approach must be taken. In this study, the student will use stochastic simulation of ground motion to supplement the ground motion database for Cuba with large-magnitude events. The joint database of recorded and simulated ground motions will then be used to derive a new ground motion prediction equation for Cuba.

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: ANBEFALT MED BACHELOR I GEOFYSIKK

Eksterne data: None

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: None

Finansiering: IKKE BEHOV Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): ( Seismotektonikk, Teoretisk seismologi, Seismisk risiko, Processering av jordskjelvsdata, Computational methods in solid Earth physics

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket HST 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Historical earthquakes in Norway Veileder: Mathilde B. Srensen Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Kuvvet Atakan Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): UiB has been systematically collecting information on felt earthquakes in Norway for more than a century. Most of this information is available as letters from eye witnesses for the oldest events and questionnaires for the more recent ones. In this project, the student will go through the available documents to assign macroseismic intensities to important historical events in Norway. More recent events will be analyzed as well, to obtain information for calibration. Based on the macroseismic dataset, it will be attempted to derive an attenuation relation for macroseismic intensity. Viktig informasjon:

____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: ANBEFALT BACHELOR I GEOFYSIKK

Eksterne data: None

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: None

Finansiering: IKKE BEHOV Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Seismotektonikk, Teoretisk seismologi, Seismisk risiko, Processering av jordskjelvsdata, Computational methods in solid Earth physics

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Integrating 3D ground motion simulation in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment Veileder: Mathilde B. Srensen Medveileder: Henk Keers Prosjektbeskrivelse (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) is a method to determine the level of earthquake ground shaking to be expected with a certain annual probability at a location. In traditional PSHA studies, a number of seismogenic sources are defined which are expected to represent the full seismicity to affect the study area. Each source zone is associated with relevant parameters describing the seismicity and a ground motion prediction equation (GMPE) relating earthquake magnitude and distance to a level of ground shaking. The hazard is estimated by combining the contributions of each seismogenic source. Today, methods are available to develop much more precise estimates of ground motion than can be provided by GMPE, using various modeling techniques. The aim of this project will be to work towards integrating 3D ground motion simulations with PSHA. The city of Izmir (Turkey) will be used as a target and the analysis will involve the following steps:

- Definition of seismogenic sources and associated parameters - 3D wave propagation modeling for a large number of earthquake scenarios - Integration of results in a probabilistic framework to produce hazard results

The project will involve a significant amount of programming and it is important that the student has a good knowledge of, and interest in, basic physics and mathematics. Viktig informasjon: Eksterne data: All necessary data and programs are available in the literature or at the department Feltarbeid: None Laboratoriearbeid: None Finansiering: None Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Seismotektonikk, Teoretisk seismologi, Seismisk risiko, Processering av jordskjelvsdata, Computational methods in solid Earth physics ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamics Prosjekttittel: Extreme runoff in small rivers around Bergen Veileder: Patience Cowie Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1.Lui Li Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research 2.Atle Nesje UiB, Joyce Wakker Norconsult Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): There is little data and even less knowledge of how small rivers close to the urban area of Bergen, which has highly complex topography, respond to extreme precipitation. This means that the potential impact of future climate change scenarios, which include predictions about how rainfall patterns and flooding may change, are poorly constrained, particularly with respect to new urban developments in steep, higher elevation terrain. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): How does surface (and subsurface) runoff vary as a function of local topography, bedrock geology and vegetation, and as a function of time, during extreme precipitation events in the Bergen area. Test (work): Collecting data on river discharge and analysing these in conjunction with precipitation records, both past records and future predictions. This project will include working with LiDAR digital elevation models and hydrological modelling.

______Patience Cowie_2.2.2015___ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: Course in geomorphology is required. Courses in remote sensing/GIS and geostatistics and hydrology will be necessary for the student to take during their first year. Eksterne data: There is a lot of data available online that is publically available. Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: The student will be involved in collecting more data. GIS/DEM analysis, statistics and hydrological modelling will form a large part of the project.

Finansiering Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

803589

JA, Patience har finansiering fra Akademia

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): Courses in remote sensing/GIS and geostatistics and hydrology will be necessary for the student to take during their first year.

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Two phase flow and magmatism in rift settings Veileder: Ritske Huismans Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1.Dr Gang Lu (Geodynamics Group UIB) 2. Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Melt formation in rift passive margin settings occurs by decompression melting of the sub-lithospheric mantle during lithospheric thinning. Most models of melt formation consider prediction of the melt phase during continental extension and passive margin formation. In natural systems, however, the melt separates and migrates through the solid upwards to the surface. In this project we will use computational methods for two phase flow to explicitly model the formation and migration of the melt phase and its interaction with the solid host rock during rift formation. The project will involve understanding of the relevant equations for two phase flow and implementing these in matlab to compute melt production and melt migration for a range of lithosphere thinning scenarios. Viktig informasjon:

Krav for opptak: MAT111; MAT112; MAT121; MAT131; GEOV112; GEOV219 Eksterne data: NO Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: NO

Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): INF109 or MAT160; GEOV254; GEOV350

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Modellering av havbunnsseismiske data fra Barentshavet Veileder: Rolf Mjelde Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. Asbjrn Breivik, UiO 2. Iselin Aarseth, GEO, UiB

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): Barentshavet er et ideelt laboratorium for studere multifase rifting av kontinentalskorpe. The Barents Sea is an ideal laboratory for studies of multi-phase rifting of continental crust. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): Viktige aspekter ved dannelsen av multifase riftsystemer kan forsts ved modellering av havbunnsseismiske (OBS) data p jordskorpeskala. Important aspects concerning the formation of multi-phase rift systems can be understood by modelling of ocean bottom seismic (OBS) data on crustal scale. Test (work): Modellere innsamlede OBS data fra Barentshavet med tanke p riftsystemer. Perform modelling of OBS data acquired in the Barents Sea with emphasis on rift systems.

16.01 2015 Rolf Mjelde ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: Intet spesielt.

Eksterne data: Alle data ble samlet inn sommeren 2014. Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: Modellering p PC. Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

ParPz

Trenger ikke sttte fra instituttet

Nei

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV113, GEOV210

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Geodynamikk Prosjekttittel: Prosessering og/eller tolkning av SVALEX seismikk Veileder: Rolf Mjelde Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. Bent Ole Ruud Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Motivation (background): Vestlige deler av Spitsbergen er et ideelt laboratorium for studere kompresjon av kontinentalskorpe. The western part of Spitsbergen is an ideal laboratory for studies of compression of continental crust. Hypothesis (Scientific problem): Viktige aspekter ved kompresjon av kontinentalskorpe kan forsts ved prosessering og tolkning av multikanals seismiske data. Important aspects concerning compression of continental crust can be understood by processing and interpretation of multi-channel seismic data. Test (work): Prosessere og/eller tolke multikanals seismiske data innsamlet i Isfjorden og Van Mijenfjorden, Spitsbergen. Perform processing and/or interpretation of multi-channel seismic data acquired in Isfjorden and Van Mijenfjorden, Spitsbergen.

16.01 2015 Rolf Mjelde ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: Intet spesielt.

Eksterne data: Alle data er innsamlet.

Felt, Lab og analyse arbeid: Prosessering/tolkning p PC. Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt

SVALEX

Trenger ikke sttte fra instituttet

Nei

Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): GEOV113, GEOV272, GEOV375

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Seismology (Geodynamics) Prosjekttittel: Implementation of a 3-D background velocity model in teleseismic scattered-wave inversion Veileder: Stphane Rondenay (UiB) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Henk Keers (UiB) 2. Prosjektbeskrivelse (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of array-based, high-resolution seismic imaging approaches aimed at mapping the structure of the Earths crust and lithospheric mantle. One such method, the 2-D Generalized Radon Transform (GRT) inversion of teleseismic scattered waves, has been particularly successful at imaging the fine structure of subduction zones regions of the earth where one tectonic plate plunges underneath another one. However, until now, the method has relied on a number of simplifying assumptions that may have prevented it from reaching its full potential. For example, the properties of incident and scattered rays are currently computed using a 1-D background velocity model, which is not necessarily a realistic representation of these rays. To address this limitation, we propose to implement a new version of the GRT inversion that would allow for the computation of incident and scattered rays through a more general 3-D background model. The method will be tested on synthetic data and applied to real data from dense arrays deployed across subduction zones worldwide. The results of this project are likely to yield improved images of subduction zone structure, and therefore a better understanding of the dynamics of these systems. The project will involve the development, the implementation and the testing of unix and matlab programs. Potential candidates should have taken and passed the following courses (or equivalent): GEOV112, GEOV113, at least one of either GEOV219 or GEOV254 Viktig informasjon:

10.10.14 - Stphane Rondenay ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Eksterne data: there is no need for external data

Feltarbeid: NA

Laboratoriearbeid: NA

Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): MAT160, MAT212, INF109, GEOV219, GEOV254, GEOV255, GEOV276, GEOV355, GEOV359, special courses in seismic imaging

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Seismology (Geodynamics) Prosjekttittel: Inversion of teleseismic polarization data for crustal velocities and Poissons ratio Veileder: Stphane Rondenay (UiB) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Lars Ottemller (UiB) 2. Prosjektbeskrivelse (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): The polarization of teleseismic P- and S-waves recorded at broadband seismometers depends on the elastic properties of the crust beneath the seismometers. This project will investigate how one can efficiently extract the polarization data from broadband teleseismic records and use these data to estimate crustal velocities and Poissons ratio. The project will involve the development of unix and matlab software to extract the polarization data and invert the data for elastic properties. The software will be tested on synthetic data and applied to real data from permanent seismic stations worldwide. The results of this project will yield new, independent constraints on the elastic properties of the crust. Potential candidates should have taken and passed the following courses (or equivalent): GEOV112, GEOV113, at least one of either GEOV219 or GEOV254 Viktig informasjon:

10.10.14 - Stphane Rondenay ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Eksterne data: there is no need for external data

Feltarbeid: NA

Laboratoriearbeid: NA

Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): MAT160, MAT212, INF109, GEOV219, GEOV254, GEOV255, GEOV276, GEOV355, GEOV359, special courses in seismic imaging

Masterprosjekt til materopptaket hst 2015 Masteroppgave i Geovitenskap Studieretning: Seismology (Geodynamics) Prosjekttittel: Earthquakes in Southern Norway Veileder: Lars Ottemller (UiB) Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet): 1. Stephane Rondenay 2. Henk Keers Prosjektbeskrivelse (kort beskrivelse av prosjektet, maks. A4 side): The department runs a seismic network of 33 stations in Norway and has recorded earthquakes with modern equipment for 30 years. This project will focus on the seismicity in southern Norway and result in a better understanding of the distribution, properties and causes of these earthquakes by applying modern data processing routines. The work will require an understanding of inverse theory, signal processing and computer programming. The project is suitable for students with a geophysics bachelor degree with a mathematical focus. Potential candidates should have taken and passed the following courses (or equivalent): GEOV112, GEOV113, at least one of either GEOV219 or GEOV254 Viktig informasjon:

8 Feb 2015 Lars Ottemoller ____________________________________________ dato/underskrift veileder/prosjektansvarlig

Eksterne data: there is no need for external data

Feltarbeid: NA

Laboratoriearbeid: NA

Finansiering: Eksternt prosjekt (Fyll inn navn p prosjekt):

JA

Nei Hvis det er pkrevd med sttte fra Instituttet m Flgeskjema sttte til masterprosjekt fylles ut Foresltte emner i spesialiseringen (60 sp): MAT160, MAT212, INF109, GEOV219, GEOV254, GEOV255, GEOV276, GEOV355, GEOV359

Master project for the fall semester 2015 Master thesis within the field of Geoscience Study direction: Quaternary Geology and Paleoclimate Project title: Ice-flow dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in western Norway from glacial striations and glaciological observations. Supervisor: Anna Hughes Co-supervisors:

1. John Inge Svendsen Project description: Motivation (Backround) The main objective is to gain a better understanding of the dynamics and thickness of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in western Norway from the last glacial maximum and during deglaciation. Glacial striations in combination with glacial geomorphological and other glacio-geological observations give the potential to reconstruct both the detailed configuration and evolution of ice flow of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet and to what extent the complex fjord topography influenced ice flow directions. Fjords perpendicular to the ice flow direction are especially interesting in this regard. Glacial striations on bedrock surfaces are important indicators of ice flow direction in western Norway where generally there is only thin and sporadic subglacial sediment cover. Glacial mapping of such features facilitates understanding of how the ice-flow patterns have changed over time, and as the ice sheet thinned and retreated inland. Where mapping exists, high altitude ice striations indicate the dominant ice flow direction was towards the west and northwest, completely ignoring the distribution of fjords, and lower altitude striations generally follow the local fjord topography. This indicates that the last glacial ice sheet was at times thick enough to ignore the underlying bed topography. Hypothesis (scientific problem): There exists data on the distribution of striations for western Norway within the literature and also unpublished data. A major step forward would be to compile the record of existing striations in a digital GIS database that can quickly and easily be compared to and integrated with glacial modelling. The existing data is incomplete and it is therefore necessary to conduct new field mapping to fill in key gaps and understand better relative age-relationships of striations and landforms. New GIS based mapping would provide the means to develop realistic ice models and test the existing ice-flow pattern history. Western Norway is the ideal location for investigating the changing effect of fjord topography on ice flow patterns. Test (work): The project will have three components. 1. To conduct new field mapping of striations in selected locations in western Norway, starting in Hordaland. 2. To compile the new mapping with earlier observations into a digital GIS database. Complimentary to both tasks would be additional mapping of glacial landforms from high resolution LiDAR DEM data to extend the glacial reconstruction and interpretations. 3. Synthesis and interpretation of the data.

Bakgrunn: Hovedmlsetning med dette prosjektet er f en bedre forstelse av dynamikken og tykkelsen av det Skandinaviske isdekket p Vestlandet, fra siste glasiale maksimum og frem gjennom isavsmeltingsfasen. Isskuring i kombinasjon med geomorfologiske- og andre glasialgeologiske observasjoner gir muligheter til rekonstruere i strmningsretninger i isen og i hvilken grad topografien, herunder fjorder og daler, har influert p strmmingen i isen. Det er spesielt interessant med fjorder som ligger p tvers av bevelsesretningen. Skuringsstriper p fjellblotninger er i s mte den viktigste retningsindikatoren p Vestlandet, som gjennomgende har et tynt og usammenhengende lsmassedekke. Observasjoner som dette vil ogs kunne si noe om hvordan isbevegelsen har endret seg over tid etterhvert som isen ble tynnere og brefronten trakk seg innover i fjordsystemene. Eksisterende data tyder p at isen i en tidlig fase har beveget seg mot vest og nordvest noks uavhengig av topografien, men mange skuringsobservasjoner fra lavtliggende omrder viser landformene i perioder har vrt bestemmende for strmningsretningene. Problemstilling: Fra litteraturen er det kjent en del skuringsobservasjoner og det finnes en hel del upubliserte data. Det er nskelig starte arbeidet med sammenstille disse observasjonene i en digital database som kan utnyttes i arbeidet med bde empiriske isrekonstruksjoner og glasiologiske modeller. Det er imidlertid ndvendig med nye observasjoner for fylle inn gapene og for f bedre grep om aldersrelasjoner. En slik ny GIS-basert kartlegging vil bli et nyttig verkty i arbeidet med utvikle realistiske isbremodeller og til teste disse. Arbeid: Prosjektet vil ha tre hovedkomponenter. 1. Feltarbeid for innsamle nye observasjoner i utvalgte omrder p Vestlandet, med start i Hordaland. 2. Sammenstilling av egne og tidleigere observasjoner i en digital GIS database. Det vil ogs kunne bli aktuelt gjre kartlegging av glasiale landformer ved hjelp av LIDAR DEM data. 3. Syntese og tolkning av data.

Field work and laboratory analyses: Field work in rough and steep terrain will form a significant part of this project. In the field the student will identify and measure striations and other ice-flow indicators. The student must therefore have reasonable fitness and the necessary enthusiasm and courage for such fieldwork. The project will also involve the use of GIS software. Experience of the use of GIS and field mapping is advantageous but not an essential requirement. The field work will likely have a total duration of up to 3-4 weeks (but can be split into several parts) and will be determined by agreement with supervisors. Financing: The project is financed by the project EISCLIM supported by the Research Council of Norway. Title of project

Eurasian Ice Sheet and Climate Interaction (EISCLIM)

JA Nei

Proposed courses in specialisation (60 sp): Geov 225 Feltkurs i kvartrgeologi og paleoklima, Geov 226 Kvartrgeologisk felt- og laboratoriekurs, Geov 326 Kvartre milj, prosesser og utvikling, Geov 222 Paleoklimatologi, Geov 223 Kvartre havnivendringer, Geov 228 Kvartre dateringsmetoder

Masterprosjekt til masteropptaket hsten 2015 Masteroppgave i geovitenskap Studieretning: Kvartre geosystemer/kvartrgeologi og paleoklima Prosjekttittel: Skredvifter og sedimentasjonsprosessar i Lovatnet, indre Nordfjord Veileder: Atle Nesje Medveiledere(inkl. tilhrighet):

1. Jostein Bakke 2. Eivind Stren

Prosjektbeskrivelse (norsk og engelsk): Bakgrunn: Frekvensen av skred og flaum heng saman med vr, klima og klimaendringar. Forstinga av samanhengen mellom flaum, skred og klima krev lengre tidsseriar enn det ein har tilgjengeleg gjennom observasjonsdata, noko som gjer det naudsynt sj p avsetningar etter tidlegare hendingar. Ved bruke fleire sedimentologiske parametre til rekonstruere sedimentasjonstilhva i Lovatnet, som er pverka av tilfrsel fr brear, flaum i elvane og skred fr dalsidene, vonar ein kople prosessar i nedslagsfeltet til sedimenta i Lovatnet. Hypotese: Sediment transportert med ulke typar masserrsle pverkar sedimentasjonen i Loenvatnet Data innsamling:

1. LIDAR-skanning av vifte sraust for Meleinnibba. Denne vifta gr heilt ut i Lovatnet og vi nskjer skanne denne i to omgangar for sj korleis denne endrar seg gjennom eit r.

2. I tillegg skal vi ta sedimentkjernar fr midten av Lovatnet p same tid som LIDAR-skanninga for sj om ein kan sj forskjell i sedimenta basert p kartlegginga av vifta.

3. Geomorfologisk og sedimentologisk kartlegging av vifta. 4. Sedimentfangar(ar) i Lovatnet utanfor vifta for fange opp sedimentasjonen

gjennom eit eller fleire r. Viktig informasjon:

30. januar 2015 Atle Nesje Jostein Bakke Eivind N. Stren (sign) ____________________________________________ Dato/underskrift veileder/medveileder

Krav for opptak: (GEOV101, GEOV102, GEOV106

Eksterne data:( Eksterne data er tilgjengelege. Felt, Lab og a